Self-adaptive flexible pressing beard cutting device of garlic harvester and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive flexible pressing and beard cutting device of a garlic harvester and a design method of the self-adaptive flexible pressing and beard cutting device. A cable-stayed clamping and conveying mechanism is adopted, and primary top end alignment of garlic bulbs is met in a parallel primary alignment mode; a garlic root cutting mechanism is designed according to the self-adaptive flexible pressing principle, garlic stem discs are aligned through rotation of a shifting wheel and flexible pressing deformation, and garlic roots are cut under the counter-rotating effect of a root cutting disc cutter; according to the method, the positioning interval is prolonged in a secondary alignment mode, secondary top end alignment of garlic bulbs is met, the consistency of the stem cutting length is achieved, and through operation mechanism analysis, a garlic clamping motion equation and a power, deformation and cutting mechanical model of a shifting wheel set are constructed, and structural parameters of key components are determined; according to the design method, key component parameters are optimized through multi-flexible-body dynamics coupling simulation, a root cutting operation quality prediction model is established through a bench test, double-objective optimization solution is carried out, and cyclic test verification is carried out, so that the operation requirements of low garlic damage rate and high net cutting rate are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garlic harvesting machinery, and in particular to an adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for a garlic harvester and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Root cutting technology is the core technology of garlic combine harvester and also the most technically difficult operation link. The main mechanism is that the garlic plant moves obliquely upward under the action of the clamping and conveying mechanism. On the premise of not damaging the garlic bulb, the garlic root positioning mechanism aligns the garlic root plate, achieving the operation requirements of low garlic damage rate and high clean cutting rate during the garlic root cutting process.

[0003] At present, garlic root cutting is still mainly done manually, with high labor intensity, low production efficiency and high labor cost, which seriously restricts the development of my country's garlic industry. In the process of garlic root cutting by existing garlic combine harvesters, due to the thin and tender skin of garlic bulbs, different sizes, mixed mud and sand in the root system, and wide and disordered distribution, problems such as low root clean cutting rate and high bulb damage rate often occur. Therefore, solving the above problems in the root cutting process and realizing adaptive flexible pressing root cutting by garlic harvesters is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device and a design method thereof, which is suitable for use in the analysis of the root and stem cutting process of rhizomes and the optimization of the root and stem cutting device of rhizomes. In the design stage, the operating mechanism of the root cutting principle is analyzed, the garlic clamping motion equation and the deformation and cutting mechanical model of the dial group are constructed, the three-dimensional model of the flexible pressing and cutting device is designed, the multi-flexible dynamics coupling simulation model is used, and the bench test is used to establish the root cutting operation quality prediction model and perform dual-objective optimization solution, and the test cycle verification is performed. The working mechanism or working process of the garlic adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device is analyzed, thereby realizing the operating requirements of low garlic damage rate and high net cutting rate of garlic roots during the cutting process and optimizing the structural scheme and size parameters of the flexible pressing and cutting device. The design method applies the optimized parameters to the actual whole machine, which can increase the reliability of the whole machine and improve the efficiency of the whole machine improvement, and has significant significance for promoting the technological progress of the garlic harvesting industry.

[0005] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme, which provides a garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device, including a clamping and conveying mechanism, which is used to clamp the garlic stems and convey them forward and apply an upward pulling force to the garlic stems; The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism comprises two cutting limit brackets, a root cutting disc knife located below the cutting limit brackets and a motor support plate located above the cutting limit brackets, wherein the motor support plate is axially connected with an active flexible dial wheel and a driven flexible dial wheel meshing with each other, and a reduction motor II for driving the active flexible dial wheel to rotate is also arranged on the motor support plate, the two cutting limit brackets are arranged left and right and the spacing is gradually reduced, the active flexible dial wheel and the driven flexible dial wheel move the garlic stems to make the garlic bulbs fit on the upper end surface of the cutting limit brackets and transport them forward, the garlic roots pass through between the two cutting limit brackets, and the garlic roots are cut by the root cutting disc knife; The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism and the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism. It is used to limit the height of the garlic bulb and drive the garlic bulb to be conveyed forward after the garlic root is cut, and cut the garlic stem at the front end when the garlic stem is conveyed forward.

[0006] As an optimization, the clamping and conveying mechanism includes two clamping and conveying frames arranged on the left and right, and the front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frames are respectively axially connected with an active clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket. A clamping chain passes between the active clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket. The two clamping chains clamp the garlic stalks and convey them forward. The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are tilted upward, thereby applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks.

[0007] As an optimization, the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism includes two alignment conveyor racks arranged left and right, and the front and rear ends of the alignment conveyor racks are respectively axially connected with an active alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket. An alignment chain passes between the active alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket, and the garlic stems pass through the two alignment chains and the upper end of the garlic bulb is pressed against the lower end of the alignment chain to achieve height limitation.

[0008] As an optimization, the active alignment sprocket is fixedly connected with a stem cutting disc located above the alignment chain. The active alignment sprocket is connected to the active clamping sprocket through universal joint II, and the active alignment sprocket is connected to the drive shaft through universal joint I. The variable frequency motor drives the two drive shafts to rotate in opposite directions.

[0009] As an optimization, the active flexible pull wheel and the driven flexible pull wheel are both tilted and the distance between them and the cutting limit bracket gradually decreases from back to front.

[0010] As an optimization, the cutting limit bracket is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate, and two support plates are fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate. The rear end of the motor support plate is hinged to the two support plates through the pulley rotating shaft, and a floating tension spring is connected between the motor support plate and the shaft sleeve plate.

[0011] As an optimization, two root cutting disc cutters are provided, the root cutting disc cutters are fixedly connected to the spur gears, the two spur gears are meshed with each other, and the reduction motor I drives any spur gear to rotate through a chain.

[0012] As an optimization, a parallel primary alignment mechanism is also included behind the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism, and the parallel primary alignment mechanism includes two positioning guide tubes arranged on the left and right. The garlic stems enter between the active flexible paddle wheel and the driven flexible paddle wheel after being guided by the two positioning guide tubes.

[0013] As an optimization, it also includes a root collection mechanism, which includes a fan, a diverter box connected to the fan outlet, and a root discharge pipe and a blow pipe both connected to the diverter box. A collecting port is opened on the side of the root discharge pipe, and the collecting port and the outlet of the blow pipe are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides below the root cutting disc.

[0014] A design method for an adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for a garlic harvester comprises the following steps: S101. Analyze the working mechanism of root cutting principle; S102, constructing a motion equation for clamping and conveying garlic to determine the speed of clamping and conveying; constructing a deformation model of an active flexible paddle wheel and a driven flexible paddle wheel to determine the center distance between the active flexible paddle wheel and the driven flexible paddle wheel; constructing a cutting mechanics model for a root cutting disc knife to determine the cutting angle of the root cutting disc knife; S103, construct a simplified assembly model of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism, import the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, convert the mesh division of the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel into FFlex flexible bodies, use tetrahedral meshes to mesh the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel, set the outer surfaces of the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel to SetPatch, and set the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus of the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel respectively; define the constraints Joint, Motion, Force and Contact conditions, and perform kinematic simulation; obtain the physical properties of the garlic plant and the soil, including the density, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of the garlic plant and the soil; establish a discrete element model of the plant and the soil, perform discrete element simulation, and verify the correctness of the contact and position between the particles; define the intrinsic parameters, contact parameters and bonding model, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, perform EDEM-MFBD coupling simulation, and optimize the parameters of key components of the device; S104. Determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism, conduct bench tests, adopt the Box-Behnken central combination test method for test design, use Design-Expert8.0.5 software to perform multivariate linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a root cutting operation quality prediction model and perform dual-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct test cycle verification.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is a garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device and its design method, the device adopts the oblique pull conveying principle to design the clamping and conveying mechanism, uses the parallel primary alignment method to meet the primary top alignment of the garlic bulb, reduces the pressing floating amount, uses the mobile chain secondary alignment method to extend the positioning interval, meets the secondary top alignment of the garlic bulb, and achieves the consistency of the cut stem length; the garlic root cutting mechanism is designed by the adaptive flexible pressing principle, the garlic stem disc is aligned through the rotation of the dial wheel and the flexible pressing deformation, and the garlic root is cut under the counter-rotation of the root cutting disc knife. The device design method constructs the garlic clamping motion equation and the power, deformation and cutting mechanics model of the dial wheel group through the operation mechanism analysis, and determines the structural parameters of key components. The parameters of key components are optimized through multi-flexible body dynamics coupling simulation, and a root cutting operation quality prediction model is established through bench tests and a dual-objective optimization solution is performed to obtain the optimal parameter combination, which is then verified experimentally in order to achieve the operating requirements of low garlic damage rate and high net cutting rate for the adaptive flexible pressing root cutting device of the garlic harvester. The design process of the root crop cutting device is further systematically explained and simplified, shortening the development cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a left side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a right side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parallel type primary alignment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible pressing root cutting mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a front view of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible pressing thumbwheel of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the clamping and conveying mechanism and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mobile chain type secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the root collection mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a root collection mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig.12 is a flow chart of the design method of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1. Welding frame, 2. Clamping and conveying mechanism, 3. Parallel initial alignment mechanism, 301. Welding plate, 302. Positioning guide tube, 4. Flexible pressing root cutting mechanism, 401. Motor support, 402. Reducer motor I, 403. Driving sprocket, 404. Driven sprocket, 405. Floating rod, 406. Support plate, 407. Reducer motor II, 408. Motor support plate, 409. Cutting limit bracket, 410. Shaft sleeve plate, 411. Paddle wheel rotating shaft, 412. Driven flexible paddle Wheel, 413, active flexible dial wheel, 414, floating tension spring, 415, root cutting disc, 416, spur gear, 417, disc knife chain, 418, spline shaft, 419, cutter disc sleeve, 5, secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism, 501, universal joint II, 502, stem cutting disc, 503, universal joint I, 504, drive shaft, 6, frequency conversion motor, 7, control box, 8, reduction box, 9, fan, 10, diversion box, 11, root discharge pipe, 12, collection port, 13, blow pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0018] Embodiment 1: like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a self-adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for garlic harvester of the present invention comprises a welded frame 1, a clamping and conveying mechanism 2, a parallel primary alignment mechanism 3, a flexible pressing and cutting root mechanism 4, and a secondary alignment and cutting stem mechanism 5. The welded frame 1 is used to fix other mechanisms, and a running wheel is installed at the lower end. The whole flexible pressing and cutting device can move by itself or follow the garlic harvester to move.

[0019] The clamping and conveying mechanism 2 is installed at the upper end of the welded main frame 1, and is used to clamp the garlic stems and convey them forward and apply an upward pulling force to the garlic stems; Figure 1-3 As shown, the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 includes two clamping and conveying frames arranged left and right. The clamping and conveying frames are long strip structures extending front and back and are inclined, with the front end higher than the rear end. In the present application, the conveying direction of garlic is the front end, and the garlic is conveyed forward. The front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frames are respectively connected to the welded general frame 1 by bolts, and the bolt connection holes are long holes extending left and right, so that the left and right positions of the clamping and conveying frames can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the distance between the two clamping and conveying frames.

[0020] An active clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket are axially connected at the front and rear ends of the clamping conveyor frame, and a clamping chain passes between the active clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket. Since the clamping conveyor frame is tilted front and back, the height of the active clamping sprocket is higher than that of the driven clamping sprocket, and the clamping chain is tilted.

[0021] The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are used to clamp the garlic stems. Through the synchronous reverse rotation of the two active clamping sprockets, the two clamping chains clamp the garlic stems and transport them forward. The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are tilted upward, thereby applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stems, which is convenient for positioning the upper end height of the garlic bulb.

[0022] The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4 is used to realize the cutting of garlic roots. The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism 5 is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4. It is used to limit the height of the garlic bulb when the garlic stalk is conveyed forward after cutting the roots and drive the garlic bulb to be conveyed forward, and cut the garlic stem at the front end.

[0023] The clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 are driven by the same variable frequency motor 6, so the structure of the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 will be described first.

[0024] like Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism 5 includes two alignment conveying frames arranged left and right. The alignment conveying frames are long strips extending front and back and are horizontally arranged. The front and rear ends of the alignment conveying frames are respectively connected to the welded main frame 1 by bolts, and the bolt connection holes are long holes extending left and right, which can adjust the left and right positions of the alignment conveying frames, thereby adjusting the distance between the two alignment conveying frames.

[0025] The front and rear ends of the alignment conveyor frame are respectively connected to an active alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket. An alignment chain is passed between the active alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket. A gap is left on the side where the two alignment chains are close to each other, which is convenient for the garlic stalks to pass through, but the garlic bulbs are not allowed to pass through. Since the alignment chain moves horizontally and the clamping chain moves upward, the distance between the clamping chain and the alignment chain gradually increases. The garlic stalks pass through the two alignment chains. Since the clamping chain drives the garlic stalks to move upward when conveying, the upper end of the garlic bulb is against the lower end of the alignment chain, so that the height of the garlic bulb is limited.

[0026] The active alignment sprocket is fixedly connected with a stem cutting disc 502 located above the alignment chain. When the garlic stems move to the position of the stem cutting disc 502, the stems are cut.

[0027] In order to realize the driving of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the active alignment sprocket is connected to the active clamping sprocket via a universal joint II501, the active alignment sprocket is connected to the drive shaft via a universal joint I503, and the variable frequency motor 6 drives the two drive shafts 504 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0028] In order to realize the reverse rotation of the two drive shafts 504, the two drive shafts 504 are connected to a horizontal steel plate, a drive sprocket is installed at the lower end of the drive shaft 504, the rotating shaft of the frequency conversion motor 6 is connected to the horizontal input shaft of the reduction box 8, and the upper output shaft of the reduction box 8 is equipped with a reduction box sprocket, and the chain on the reduction box sprocket passes through between the two drive sprockets, thereby realizing the reverse rotation of the two drive sprockets.

[0029] The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4 is used to cut off the garlic roots at the root of the garlic bulb. Figure 5-7 As shown, the flexible root cutting mechanism 4 includes two cutting limit brackets 409, which are fixed on the shaft sleeve plate 410, and the shaft sleeve plate 410 is horizontally fixed on the welded main frame 1. The two cutting limit brackets 409 are arranged left and right and the spacing is gradually reduced, which is smaller than the diameter of the garlic bulb, so that the garlic roots are gradually gathered between the two cutting limit brackets 409.

[0030] The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4 also includes a root cutting disc knife 415 located below the cutting limit bracket 409, a motor support 401 fixed on the welding frame 1, a reduction motor I402 fixed below the motor support 401, and a driving sprocket 403 connected to the reduction motor I402, and the driving sprocket 403 is connected to the driven sprocket 404 through a disc knife chain 417.

[0031] The root cutting disc 415 is provided with two, and the root cutting disc 415 is fixedly connected with the spur gear 416, and the two spur gears 416 are meshed with each other, and the reduction motor 1402 drives any spur gear 416 to rotate through the chain. The root cutting disc 415, the spur gear 416 and the driven sprocket 404 are connected through the spline shaft 418, and the cutter disc sleeve 419 is fixed on the sleeve plate 410.

[0032] The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4 also includes a motor support plate 408 located above the cutting limit bracket 409, and the motor support plate 408 is axially connected with an active flexible paddle wheel 413 and a driven flexible paddle wheel 412 that mesh with each other. The motor support plate 408 is also equipped with a reduction motor II407 that drives the active flexible paddle wheel 413 to rotate. The active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412 are both rubber wheels, and are both provided with a plurality of paddle teeth in the circumferential direction, thereby realizing the meshing of the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412.

[0033] The active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412 paddle the garlic stems so that the garlic bulbs fit on the upper end surface of the cutting limit bracket 409 and are transported forward. The garlic roots pass between the two cutting limit brackets 409 and are cut by the root cutting disc 415.

[0034] The active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412 are both tilted and the spacing between them and the cutting limit bracket 409 gradually decreases from the back to the front. Two support plates 406 are fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate 410, and the rear end of the motor support plate 408 is hinged to the two support plates 406 through the paddle wheel rotating shaft 411, and a floating tension spring 414 is connected between the motor support plate 408 and the shaft sleeve plate 410. The floating rod 405 passing through the motor support plate 401 is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate 408, and the floating tension spring 414 is sleeved on the floating rod 405, which plays a guiding role for the floating tension spring 414.

[0035] It also includes a parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 arranged behind the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4, such as Figure 4 As shown, the parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 includes two positioning guide tubes 302 arranged on the left and right, and the positioning guide tubes 302 are fixedly connected to the welded main frame 1 through the welding plate 301. The rear end spacing of the two positioning guide tubes 302 is increased, which guides the garlic stalks and limits the height of the garlic bulbs. The garlic stalks enter between the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412 after being guided by the two positioning guide tubes 302, and the garlic bulbs enter below the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412, and fit on the upper end of the cutting limit bracket 409, and the garlic bulbs overcome the tension of the floating tension spring 414, so that the shaft sleeve plate 408 swings upward for a certain distance.

[0036] Specific action process: when the garlic plant moves to the end of the parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 and reaches the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4, the garlic roots are gathered by the cutting limit bracket 409; the reduction motor II407 drives the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 to rotate through the driving shaft to realize the bite feeding of the garlic stems. During the rotation process, the dial teeth gradually slide to the top of the garlic head and apply force to press down. According to the size of the garlic bulb, the flexible pressing dial will float around the dial rotating shaft 411 through the floating tension spring 414, so that the stem disks of garlic bulbs of different sizes can fit the cutting limit bracket 409 to realize the alignment of the bottom end of the garlic bulb. The reduction motor I402 drives the root cutting disc knife 415 to rotate to cut the garlic roots and complete the separation of the bulbs and garlic roots.

[0037] It also includes a control box 7, which is installed on the welding frame 1 to adjust the speed of the variable frequency motor 6, the reduction motor I402, and the reduction motor II407.

[0038] A design method for an adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for a garlic harvester comprises the following steps: S101. Analyze the operating mechanism of root cutting principle.

[0039] The operation mechanism is as follows: during operation, the garlic plant in a naturally drooping state due to gravity is sent to the feeding entrance of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and clamped and conveyed obliquely upward. When the garlic plant moves to the end of the parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 and reaches the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4, the garlic roots are gathered by the cutting limit bracket 409; the reduction motor II407 drives the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 to rotate through the driving shaft to realize the bite feeding of the garlic stems. During the rotation process, the dial teeth gradually slide to the top of the garlic head and apply force to press down. According to the size of the garlic bulb, the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 will float around the dial rotating shaft 411 through the floating tension spring 414, so that the stem disks of garlic bulbs of different sizes can fit the cutting limit bracket 409 to realize the alignment of the bottom end of the garlic bulb. The reduction motor I402 drives the root cutting disc 415 to rotate to cut the garlic root and complete the separation of the bulb and the garlic root. After the garlic roots are cut, the garlic plants are continuously transported backwards into the mobile chain secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism 5 under the action of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2. Under the interaction of the clamping chain and the alignment chain, the top of the garlic heads are secondary aligned. The motor drives the stem cutting disc 502 of the garlic stem cutting mechanism to rotate, cut the garlic stems, and complete the separation of the bulbs and the garlic stems. S102, constructing a garlic clamping and conveying motion equation to determine the clamping and conveying speed; analyzing the geometric relationship between the conveying speed of the clamping and conveying mechanism chain and the forward speed of the whole machine during the garlic plant digging and extraction stage, the calculation formula is as follows: in v c is the linear speed of the chain of the clamping conveyor mechanism, v m is the forward speed of the garlic combine harvester, k is the proportionality coefficient, n c is the speed of the active clamping sprocket of the clamping conveying mechanism, r s It is the pitch circle radius of the active clamping sprocket of the clamping conveying mechanism.

[0040] The deformation model of the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412 is constructed to determine the center distance between the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412. According to the design principle of the gear involute and the requirements of the actual size, the calculation formula is as follows: in a is the center distance between the active flexible paddle wheel 413 and the driven flexible paddle wheel 412, r b1 、r b2 is the radius of the active flexible pulley and the driven flexible pulley,z 1 、z 2 is the modulus of the active flexible paddle wheel and the driven flexible paddle wheel, α 1 , α 2 is the edge pressure angle of the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel.

[0041] A cutting mechanics model of the root cutting disc 415 is constructed to determine the cutting angle of the root cutting disc 415; the calculation formula is as follows: in F T It is the combined force of the flexible push wheel pushing force and the clamping conveying mechanism chain pulling force on the bulb. f is the friction force perpendicular to the cutting disc blade and parallel to the cutting disc blade, β For cutting angle of root disc knife, F N The pressure of the garlic bulb on the stem disk. f s is the stem cutting resistance, μ Friction factors between stem disc and root cutting disc.

[0042] S103, construct a simplified assembly model of the flexible root cutting mechanism 4, import the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, transform the mesh of the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 into an FFlex flexible body, mesh the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 using a tetrahedral mesh, set the outer surfaces of the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 to SetPatch, and set the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the active flexible dial 413 and the driven flexible dial 412 respectively. and elastic modulus; define constraints Joint, motion Motion, force and contact conditions, and perform kinematic simulation; obtain the physical properties of garlic plants and soil, including density, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of garlic plants and soil; establish discrete element models of plants and soil, perform discrete element simulation, and verify the correctness of contact and position between particles; define intrinsic parameters, contact parameters and bonding model, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, perform EDEM-MFBD coupling simulation, and optimize the parameters of key components of the device.

[0043] S104. Determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism 4, conduct bench tests, adopt the Box-Behnken central combination test method for test design, use Design-Expert8.0.5 software to perform multivariate linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a root cutting operation quality prediction model and perform dual-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct test cycle verification.

[0044] Embodiment 2: This embodiment also includes a root collection mechanism, such as Fig.10 , 11 As shown, the root collection mechanism includes a fan 9, a diverter box 10 connected to the outlet of the fan 9, and a root discharge pipe 11 and a blow pipe 13 both connected to the diverter box 10. The root discharge pipe 11 is horizontally arranged in front of the root cutting disc 415, and its opening faces the side, so that the collected roots can be thrown to the side.

[0045] The root discharge pipe 11 has a collecting port 12 on its side, and the collecting port 12 is arranged toward the rear. Fig.10 The left side is the front, and the right side is the rear. The collecting port 12 and the outlet of the blowing pipe 13 are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides below the root cutting disc 415. Therefore, the wind blown out from the outlet of the blowing pipe 13 blows the cut roots to the collecting port 12. At the same time, according to the Bernoulli effect, the air flow rate in the root discharge pipe 11 is fast, so that negative pressure is formed at the collecting port 12, which facilitates the roots to enter the collecting port 12, and then follow the air in the root discharge pipe 11 to be blown out to the side.

[0046] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for garlic harvester, characterized in that: include: A clamping and conveying mechanism (2) is used to clamp the garlic stems and convey them forward and to apply an upward pulling force to the garlic stems; The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4) comprises two cutting limit brackets (409), a root cutting disc knife (415) located below the cutting limit brackets (409), and a motor support plate (408) located above the cutting limit brackets (409); the motor support plate (408) is connected to an upper shaft with an active flexible dial wheel (413) and a driven flexible dial wheel (412) that mesh with each other; the motor support plate (408) is also provided with a reduction motor II (407) that drives the active flexible dial wheel (413) to rotate; the two cutting limit brackets (409) are arranged left and right with a gradually decreasing spacing; the active flexible dial wheel (413) and the driven flexible dial wheel (412) move the garlic stems so that the garlic bulbs are attached to the upper end surface of the cutting limit brackets (409) and transported forward; the garlic roots pass between the two cutting limit brackets (409) and are cut by the root cutting disc knife (415); The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism (5) is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism (2) and the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4), and is used to limit the height of the garlic bulb when the garlic stalk is conveyed forward after the garlic root is cut, drive the garlic bulb to be conveyed forward, and cut the garlic stem at the front end.

2. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and conveying mechanism (2) comprises two clamping and conveying frames arranged on the left and right, wherein the front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frames are respectively axially connected with an active clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket, a clamping chain passes between the active clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket, and the two clamping chains clamp the garlic stalks and convey them forward, and the sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are arranged to be tilted upward, thereby applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks.

3. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism (5) comprises two alignment conveying racks arranged left and right, wherein the front and rear ends of the alignment conveying racks are respectively axially connected with an active alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket, an alignment chain passes between the active alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket, the garlic stems pass through the two alignment chains, and the upper ends of the garlic bulbs are pressed against the lower ends of the alignment chains to achieve height limiting.

4. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active alignment sprocket is fixedly connected to a stem cutting disc knife (502) located above the alignment chain. The active alignment sprocket is connected to the active clamping sprocket via a universal joint II (501). The active alignment sprocket is connected to the drive shaft via a universal joint I (503). The variable frequency motor (6) drives the two drive shafts (504) to rotate in opposite directions.

5. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active flexible thumbwheel (413) and the driven flexible thumbwheel (412) are both arranged obliquely, and the distance between them and the cutting limit bracket (409) gradually decreases from the back to the front.

6. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting limit bracket (409) is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate (410), and two support plates (406) are fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve plate (410). The rear end of the motor support plate (408) is hinged to the two support plates (406) via a dial wheel rotating shaft (411), and a floating tension spring (414) is connected between the motor support plate (408) and the shaft sleeve plate (410).

7. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two root cutting disc knives (415) are provided, and the root cutting disc knives (415) are fixedly connected to the spur gear (416). The two spur gears (416) are meshed with each other, and the reduction motor I (402) drives any spur gear (416) to rotate through a chain.

8. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a parallel type initial alignment mechanism (3) arranged behind the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4), the parallel type initial alignment mechanism (3) including two positioning guide tubes (302) arranged on the left and right, and the garlic stems are guided by the two positioning guide tubes (302) and enter between the active flexible dial wheel (413) and the driven flexible dial wheel (412).

9. The garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a root collection mechanism, the root collection mechanism comprising a fan (9), a flow divider box (10) connected to the outlet of the fan (9), and a root discharge pipe (11) and a blow pipe (13) both connected to the flow divider box (10), the root discharge pipe (11) having a collection port (12) on the side thereof, and the collection port (12) and the outlet of the blow pipe (13) are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides below the root cutting disc (415).

10. A design method for the adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device of a garlic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S101. Analyze the working mechanism of root cutting principle; S102, constructing a motion equation for clamping and conveying garlic to determine the speed of clamping and conveying; constructing a deformation model of the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412) to determine the center distance between the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412); constructing a cutting mechanics model of the root cutting disc (415) to determine the cutting angle of the root cutting disc (415); S103, constructing a simplified assembly model of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4), importing the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, converting the meshing of the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412) into an FFlex flexible body, meshing the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412) using a tetrahedral mesh, setting the outer surfaces of the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412) to SetPatch, and setting the active flexible dial (413) and the driven flexible dial (412) to SetPatch respectively. Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus; define constraints Joint, motion Motion, force and contact conditions, and perform kinematic simulation; obtain the physical properties of garlic plants and soil, including density, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of garlic plants and soil; establish discrete element models of plants and soil, perform discrete element simulation, and verify the correctness of contact and position between particles; define intrinsic parameters, contact parameters and bonding model, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, perform EDEM-MFBD coupling simulation, and optimize the parameters of key components of the device; S104, determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4), conduct bench tests, adopt the Box-Behnken central combination test method for test design, use Design-Expert8.0.5 software to perform multivariate linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a root cutting operation quality prediction model and perform dual-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct test cycle verification.

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