Method for solving flowering asynchronism in hybridization breeding process of day lily

Abstract

The invention provides a method for solving flowering asynchronism in a hybridization breeding process of day lily, which comprises the following steps: in October, respectively planting seedlings of late-maturing variety day lily and seedlings of early-maturing variety day lily in a prepared field; at the beginning of May of the next year, when the early-maturing variety has 13-15 leaves, 0.5-2cm of flower moss is extracted, the extracted main moss is cut off by a blade, and a wound is smeared by a bactericide; when the early-maturing variety has 15-18 leaves, 0.5-2 cm of second flower bolts are extracted, the extracted flower bolts continue to be cut off with the blade, and the wound is smeared with the bactericide; the flowering phase difference time of the early-maturing variety and the late-maturing variety is calculated, when the flowering phase is not met and when the Nth moss of the early-maturing variety is extracted by 0.5-2 cm, the extracted flower moss continues to be cut off through the blade, the wound is smeared through the bactericide, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 3; when the late-maturing variety begins to gestation moss or extract co-moss, the flower moss of the early-maturing variety is not cut off any more. According to the invention, two varieties with different flowering phases can be completely hybridized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of daylily breeding, and in particular relates to a method for solving the problem of inconsistent flowering period in the process of daylily hybrid breeding. Background Art

[0002] Daylily is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Hemerocallis in the Liliaceae family. It is a specialty vegetable in my country, and its main product is the buds that are about to bloom. Daylily has strong adaptability and a wide distribution range. It is cultivated in provinces in both the north and south of my country. In order to cultivate new varieties, breeding experts often use hybrid breeding methods to screen high-quality gene combinations during the breeding process. However, in the actual breeding process, it is often encountered that the flowering period of two hybrid varieties does not meet, so that hybridization cannot be achieved. Especially for early-maturing and late-maturing varieties, there is no overlap in flowering period. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for solving the problem of inconsistent flowering periods during hybrid breeding of day lilies in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. This method enables two varieties with different flowering periods to be fully hybridized, thereby screening high-quality gene combinations and cultivating new varieties, thus meeting people's production needs.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for solving the problem of flowering period failure in the hybrid breeding process of day lily, the method is:

[0005] S1. Selection of hybrid varieties: Select two daylily varieties with different maturity: late-maturing daylily seedlings and early-maturing daylily seedlings, and select seedlings that are 3 to 4 years old;

[0006] S2. Before planting, the land is plowed and leveled. When plowing, the soil is dug and broken to a depth of 15 cm to 30 cm. Weeds, debris and waste are removed from the plot. After leveling, drainage ditches are made to obtain the prepared field.

[0007] S3, in October, the late-maturing daylily seedlings and the early-maturing daylily seedlings in S1 are planted in the prepared fields respectively;

[0008] S4. In early May of the following year, when the leaves of early-maturing varieties reach 13 to 15, the flower moss will grow out 0.5 to 2 cm. Cut off the main moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound.

[0009] S5. When the leaves of the early-maturing variety are 15 to 18, the second flower moss is pulled out 0.5 cm to 2 cm. Continue to cut off the pulled flower moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound;

[0010] S6. Calculate the time difference between the flowering period of the early-maturing variety and the late-maturing variety. When the flowering period does not meet, when the Nth moss of the early-maturing variety has grown out by 0.5 cm to 2 cm, continue to cut off the grown moss with a blade, and apply a fungicide to the wound, where N is an integer ≥ 3;

[0011] S7. When late-maturing varieties begin to produce mosses or sprout common mosses, do not cut off the flower mosses of early-maturing varieties.

[0012] Preferably, the early-maturing variety in S1 is Panlong, and the late-maturing variety is Mengzihua or Xianxuan No. 2.

[0013] Preferably, the fungicide in S4 and S5 is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, and the dosage is 200 times liquid.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] In the process of the growth and development of daylily, the present invention can sprout multiple flower mosses on the multi-year daylily plants. Theoretically, each growth center of the daylily seedling can produce one flower moss. When the main center is destroyed, the secondary center can more easily produce flower mosses. In actual observation, generally one annual seedling can produce one flower moss, two-year seedlings can produce 3-4 flower mosses, three-year seedlings can produce 5-10 flower mosses, and four-year seedlings can produce 8-15 flower mosses. By selecting perennial seedlings, the flower mosses that are produced are continuously cut with a blade to prevent excessive loss of nutrients, promote the production of flower mosses in the secondary center, and thus delay the flowering period of early-maturing varieties. The present invention can solve the problem of the flowering period not being encountered during the hybrid breeding of daylily. The present invention can solve the problem of the flowering period not being encountered during the hybrid breeding of daylily, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0016] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Example 1

[0018] The test site of this embodiment is in the natural village of Yajiang Village, Rongjiang Township, Jinyun County. The land is loam with uniform soil fertility and convenient irrigation and drainage.

[0019] The method of this embodiment for solving the problem of not meeting the flowering period in the hybrid breeding process of day lily is as follows:

[0020] S1. Selection of hybrid varieties: Select two daylily varieties with different maturity. For the late-maturing variety, select the 3-year-old daylily seedlings (Mengzihua), and for the early-maturing variety, select the 3-year-old daylily seedlings (Panlongzhong);

[0021] S2. Select a plot with deep soil, good drainage conditions, strong water retention and drought resistance. Plough and level the land before planting. Dig and turn the soil to a depth of 15 cm during ploughing. Remove weeds, debris and waste in the plot. After leveling, make drainage ditches and obtain the prepared field.

[0022] S3. In October 2020, the late-maturing daylily seedlings and early-maturing daylily seedlings in S1 were planted in the prepared fields, respectively. The Panlong seedlings were 3-year-old seedlings transplanted on October 2, 2020, and the Mengzihua seedlings were 3-year-old seedlings transplanted on October 5, 2020;

[0023] S4. After budding in spring, apply a triple compound fertilizer once on February 10, 2021 in combination with intertillage and weeding. Apply a triple compound fertilizer again on February 26, 2021 when most plants enter the 3-4 leaf stage. In early May 2021 (May 8), when the leaves of early-maturing varieties are 13-15 leaves, the first flower moss appears, and the flower moss is 0.5cm-2cm long. Use a blade to cut off the main moss, and apply a fungicide to the wound;

[0024] The amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (N15, P15, K15) per mu is 30kg;

[0025] S5. When the leaves of the early-maturing variety are 15 to 18, on May 20, 2021, the second flower moss will be pulled out by 0.5 cm to 2 cm. Continue to cut off the pulled flower moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound;

[0026] The fungicide used to apply to the wound is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, the dosage is 200 times liquid;

[0027] S6. On June 5, 2021, the late-maturing variety Mengzihua began to have flower stalks, and the flower stalks of the early-maturing varieties were no longer cut off.

[0028] Test results: The third flower moss of Panlong species appeared on May 26, 2021, the first flower appeared on June 6, 2021, and the final flowering period was July 15, 2021. The first flower moss of Mengzihua appeared on June 5, 2021, the first flower appeared on June 18, 2021, and the final flowering period was August 25, 2021. The flowering period is 28 days, which is 12 days longer than normal.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The test site of this embodiment is in the natural village of Yajiang Village, Rongjiang Township, Jinyun County. The land is loam with uniform soil fertility and convenient irrigation and drainage.

[0031] The method of this embodiment for solving the problem of not meeting the flowering period in the hybrid breeding process of day lily is as follows:

[0032] S1. Selection of hybrid varieties: Select two daylily varieties with different maturity. For the late-maturing variety, select the three-year-old daylily seedlings (Xianxuan No. 2), and for the early-maturing variety, select the three-year-old daylily seedlings (Panlong variety);

[0033] The two daylily varieties with different maturity in this embodiment can also be selected from seedlings with a seedling age of 4 years;

[0034] S2. Select a plot with deep soil, good drainage conditions, strong water retention and drought resistance. Plough and level the land before planting. Dig and turn the soil to a depth of 30 cm during ploughing. Remove weeds, debris and waste in the plot. After leveling, make drainage ditches and obtain the land after land preparation.

[0035] S3. In October 2020, the mature daylily seedlings and early-maturing daylily seedlings in S1 were planted in the prepared fields, respectively. Among them, Panlong seedlings were transplanted on October 2, 2020, which were 3-year-old seedlings, and Xianxuan No. 2 seedlings were transplanted on October 2, 2020;

[0036] S4. After budding in spring, apply a triple compound fertilizer once on February 10, 2021 in combination with intertillage and weeding. Apply a triple compound fertilizer again on February 26, 2021 when most plants enter the 3-4 leaf stage. In early May 2021 (May 10), when the leaves of early-maturing varieties are 13-15 leaves, the first flower moss appears, and the flower moss is 0.5cm-2cm long. Use a blade to cut off the main moss, and apply a fungicide to the wound;

[0037] The amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (N15, P15, K15) per mu is 25kg;

[0038] S5. When the leaves of the early-maturing variety are 15 to 18, on May 20, 2021, the second flower moss will be pulled out by 0.5 cm to 2 cm. Continue to cut off the pulled flower moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound;

[0039] On May 25, 2021, the third flower moss appeared, and the third flower moss was pulled out 0.5cm to 2cm. The main moss was cut off with a blade, and the wound was smeared with fungicide;

[0040] The fourth flower moss appeared on May 26, 2021. The fourth flower moss grew out by 0.5cm to 2cm. The main moss was cut off with a blade, and the wound was applied with fungicide.

[0041] The fungicide used to apply to the wound is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, the dosage is 200 times liquid;

[0042] S6. On June 20, 2021, the late-maturing variety Xianxuan No. 2 began to have flower stalks, and the flower stalks of the early-maturing varieties were no longer cut off.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the late-maturing variety Xianxuan No. 2 begins to produce a total of 2 mosses, the flower mosses of the early-maturing variety are no longer cut off.

[0044] Test results: The fifth flower moss of Panlong appeared on May 30, 2021, the first flower appeared on June 6, 2021, and the final flowering period was July 25, 2021. The first flower moss of Xianxuan No. 2 appeared on June 20, 2021, the first flower appeared on June 28, 2021, and the final flowering period was August 26, 2021. The flowering period is 28 days, which is 21 days longer than normal.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for solving the problem of missed flowering period in the process of hybrid breeding of day lily, characterized in that: The method is: S1. Selection of hybrid varieties: Select two daylily varieties with different maturity: late-maturing daylily seedlings and early-maturing daylily seedlings, and select seedlings that are 3 to 4 years old; S2. Before planting, the land is plowed and leveled. When plowing, the soil is dug and broken to a depth of 15 cm to 30 cm. Weeds, debris and waste are removed from the plot. After leveling, drainage ditches are made to obtain the prepared field. S3, in October, the late-maturing daylily seedlings and the early-maturing daylily seedlings in S1 are planted in the prepared fields respectively; S4. In early May of the following year, when the leaves of early-maturing varieties reach 13 to 15, the flower moss will grow out 0.5 to 2 cm. Cut off the main moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound. S5. When the leaves of the early-maturing variety are 15 to 18, the second flower moss is pulled out 0.5 cm to 2 cm. Continue to cut off the pulled flower moss with a blade and apply fungicide to the wound; S6. Calculate the time difference between the flowering period of the early-maturing variety and the late-maturing variety. When the flowering period does not meet, when the Nth moss of the early-maturing variety has grown out by 0.5 cm to 2 cm, continue to cut off the grown moss with a blade, and apply a fungicide to the wound, where N is an integer ≥ 3; S7. When late-maturing varieties begin to produce mosses or sprout common mosses, do not cut off the flower mosses of early-maturing varieties.

2. A method for solving the problem of untimely flowering in the hybrid breeding process of daylily according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early-maturing variety described in S1 is Panlong, and the late-maturing variety is Mengzihua or Xianxuan No.

2.

3. A method for solving the problem of untimely flowering in the hybrid breeding process of daylily according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fungicide described in S4 and S5 is 50% carbendazim wettable powder, and the dosage is 200 times liquid.