Method for regulating and controlling underground-overground dual-domain environment and controlling mature period of grapes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a grape underground-overground dual-domain environment regulation and maturation period control method, which effectively regulates the growth and development of grapes and regulates the maturation period of the grapes by matching and accurately regulating the temperature and humidity of the underground part and the overground part of the grapes, thereby promoting early or delayed cultivation and improving the yield of the grapes. The annual supply of grape production can be realized; the plants can always live in a suitable growth environment, the stress of the plants is reduced, the management difficulty is reduced, and the fruit quality is improved. Meanwhile, the environment in the facility is manually intervened, the traditional agricultural production mode is changed, the agricultural anti-risk capacity is improved, the loss of fruit farmers is reduced, stable and high yield is achieved, and the planting enthusiasm of farmers is greatly improved; the grape production and planting area is greatly expanded, the method does not depend on soil and external environment conditions, the grape can be planted in the areas where the soil is barren or saline-alkaline is serious and the external environment conditions are not suitable for grape growth, and popularization and development of grape planting are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular to a method for regulating and controlling the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and the maturity period of grapes. Background Art

[0002] At present, the use of facility cultivation to regulate the planting environment conditions, adjust the early maturity of fruits and the quality of fruits has become an important way of agricultural production and the main way of planting fresh grapes. However, most of the existing technologies aim to improve the aboveground environmental conditions during planting, and rarely consider the regulation technology of the underground part. According to modern biological research, the root system not only has the function of fixing the plant and supplying nutrients, but also has the function of controlling the physiological activities of the aboveground part of the plant and regulating the overall growth and development of the plant. Therefore, the regulation technology of the underground part of the plant is also crucial to the growth of the plant. At present, the regulation of the underground part mainly adopts the inter-row covering technology; however, this technology cannot accurately regulate the soil temperature, and there are problems such as the asynchronous temperature rise and fall between the underground and aboveground parts, and the excessive temperature difference, which can easily cause an imbalance between the aboveground nutrient demand and the underground nutrient supply, and cannot completely and effectively regulate the growth and development of grapes and regulate the maturity of grapes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity period of grapes, so as to solve the prior art problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes is provided, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select the planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, and determine the planting line position; Step 2: A heating pipeline, a drip irrigation device and a soil temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the underground part of each plant, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor turns on or off the heating pipeline and the drip irrigation device according to the temperature and humidity of the soil to adjust the temperature and humidity of the underground part of the plant; Step 3: A spray device, a cold and warm air conditioner and an air temperature and humidity sensor are installed in the greenhouse. The air temperature and humidity sensor turns on or off the spray device and the cold and warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air to adjust the temperature and humidity of the above-ground part of the plant.

[0005] Based on the above technical solution, the following steps are included: Step 1: Select a planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, determine the planting line, and set a root limiter at each planting line; Step 2: Water heating pipes are arranged on both sides and the bottom of the root limiter, a drip irrigation belt is arranged on the root limiter substrate, and a soil temperature and humidity sensor is arranged deep in the substrate layer of the root limiter to detect the temperature and humidity of the soil in real time; the soil temperature and humidity sensor controls the electromagnetic valve D1 connecting the groundwater to the drip irrigation belt and the electromagnetic valve D2 of the water heating pipe according to the temperature and humidity of the soil; Step 3: A micro-spray pipe and a water-cooled warm air conditioner are arranged in the greenhouse, and a micro-spray head is arranged on the micro-spray pipe. The air temperature and humidity sensor controls the switch of the micro-spray head and the water-cooled warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at a depth of 20 cm and 40 cm in the substrate layer in the root limiter.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the air temperature and humidity sensor is hung in the greenhouse and the hanging height is parallel to the surface of the grape rack.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, a water tank is arranged in the greenhouse, and the water tank is connected to the heater, drip irrigation belt and water heating pipe through different water outlet pipes and each water outlet pipe is provided with an independent solenoid valve switch X1, X2 and X3; a water tank temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches X1, X2 and X3.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the heater is connected to the water heating pipe and the drip irrigation belt through different water outlet pipes, and is provided with independent solenoid valve switches J1 and J2; a heater temperature sensor is provided in the heater and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches J1 and J2.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor, the water reservoir temperature sensor and the heater temperature sensor are connected to each other through electrical signals.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, an automatic rolling curtain rod is further provided in the greenhouse, and the air temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the switch electrical signal of the automatic rolling curtain rod.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor controls soil humidity by: The soil temperature and humidity sensor makes a judgment based on the soil temperature and humidity and temperature thresholds set in advance; when the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold and the soil temperature is also lower than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a low temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor transmits a signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor, and the water reservoir temperature sensor determines the water temperature in the water reservoir; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X2 connecting the water reservoir to the drip irrigation belt is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir is used for drip irrigation to increase soil moisture and ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir to the heater is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir flows to the heater for heating. After the heater temperature sensor senses that the water in the heater has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J2 between the heater and the drip irrigation belt is turned on for drip irrigation; When the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a high temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor will directly turn on the solenoid valve switch D1, start groundwater irrigation, increase soil moisture and cool down the soil at the same time.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor controls the soil temperature in the following process: The soil temperature and humidity sensor makes judgments based on the soil temperature and humidity and temperature thresholds set in advance; when the soil humidity is normal but the soil temperature is lower than the set threshold, the soil temperature and humidity sensor transmits a signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor, and the water reservoir temperature sensor determines the water temperature in the water reservoir; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X3 connecting the water reservoir to the water heating pipe is turned on, and the water flows through the water heating pipe to heat the substrate to increase the ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir to the heater is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir flows to the heater for heating. After the heater temperature sensor senses that the water in the heater has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J1 between the heater and the water heating pipe is turned on to increase the ground temperature; When the soil moisture is normal but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, the solenoid valve switch D2 will be directly opened to introduce groundwater into the water heating pipe. The flow of groundwater will be used to take away the heat of the matrix and reduce the ground temperature.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the present invention are: The present invention provides a method for regulating the underground and above-ground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity period of grapes. By accurately regulating the temperature and humidity of the underground and above-ground growing parts of grapes, the growth and development of grapes are effectively regulated, the maturity period of grapes is regulated, and early or delayed cultivation is achieved. The year-round supply of grape production can be achieved, the peak period of listing can be avoided, and the economic benefits of grape products can be improved. The plants can always live in a suitable growth environment, the adversity of the plants can be reduced, the difficulty of management can be reduced, and the quality of the fruit can be improved.

[0015] At the same time, through artificial intervention in the environment within the facilities, the traditional agricultural model that mainly relied on external environmental conditions for production has been changed, the agricultural risk resistance has been improved, the losses of fruit farmers have been reduced, stable and high yields have been achieved, and the farmers' enthusiasm for planting has been greatly improved; it has also greatly expanded the grape production and planting area, and is not dependent on soil and external environmental conditions. It can be planted in areas with poor soil or severe salinity and where external environmental conditions are not suitable for grape growth, which improves land use efficiency and promotes the promotion and development of grape planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the present invention; The symbols in the accompanying drawings are as follows: Central controller 1, soil temperature and humidity sensor 2, drip irrigation belt 3, water heating pipe 4, water reservoir 5, water reservoir temperature sensor 51, heater 6, heater temperature sensor 61; DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the ripening period of grapes comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select a planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, and determine the planting line position; preferably, a central controller 1 is provided in the greenhouse, and the central controller 1 analyzes the feedback data in real time and makes decisions through the integration of the Internet of Things, edge computing and artificial intelligence technologies to realize automated management of agricultural production.

[0019] Step 2: A heating pipeline, a drip irrigation device and a soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 are provided in the underground part of each plant. The soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 turns on or off the heating pipeline and the drip irrigation device according to the temperature and humidity of the soil, and adjusts the temperature and humidity of the underground part of the plant; preferably, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 is connected to the central controller 1, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 transmits the temperature and humidity of the soil to the central controller 1, and the central controller 1 decides to turn on or off the heating pipeline and the drip irrigation device according to a set program.

[0020] Step 3: A spray device, a cold and warm air conditioner, and an air temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the greenhouse. The air temperature and humidity sensor turns on or off the spray device and the cold and warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air, and adjusts the temperature and humidity of the above-ground part of the plant. Preferably, the air temperature and humidity sensor is connected to a central controller 1, and the air temperature and humidity sensor transmits the temperature and humidity of the air to the central controller 1, and the central controller 1 decides to turn on or off the spray device and the cold and warm air conditioner according to a set program.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for regulating the underground and above-ground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity period of grapes. By accurately regulating the temperature and humidity of the underground and above-ground growing parts of grapes, the growth and development of grapes are effectively regulated, the maturity period of grapes is regulated, and early or delayed cultivation is achieved. The year-round supply of grape production can be achieved, the peak period of listing can be avoided, and the economic benefits of grape products can be improved. The plants can always live in a suitable growth environment, the adversity of the plants can be reduced, the difficulty of management can be reduced, and the quality of the fruit can be improved.

[0022] At the same time, through artificial intervention in the environment within the facilities, the traditional agricultural model that mainly relied on external environmental conditions for production has been changed, the agricultural risk resistance has been improved, the losses of fruit farmers have been reduced, stable and high yields have been achieved, and the farmers' enthusiasm for planting has been greatly improved; it has also greatly expanded the grape production and planting area, and is not dependent on soil and external environmental conditions. It can be planted in areas with poor soil or severe salinity and where external environmental conditions are not suitable for grape growth, which improves land use efficiency and promotes the promotion and development of grape planting.

[0023] Based on the above technical solution, the following steps are included: Step 1: Select a planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, determine the planting line, and set a root limiter at each planting line; Step 2: Water heating pipes 3 are arranged on both sides and the bottom of the root limiter, a drip irrigation belt 4 is arranged on the root limiter substrate, and a soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 is arranged deep in the substrate layer of the root limiter to detect the temperature and humidity of the soil in real time; the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 controls the electromagnetic valve D1 connecting the groundwater to the drip irrigation belt 4 and the electromagnetic valve D2 of the water heating pipe 3 according to the temperature and humidity of the soil; In a more preferred embodiment, a heat preservation and heat insulation layer is laid at the bottom of the water heating pipe 3 arranged at the bottom of the root limiter to reduce temperature loss and ensure temperature control of the underground part of the plant; In a more preferred embodiment, a heat-insulating film, specifically a black heat-insulating plastic film, is laid on the drip irrigation belt 4 to reduce the temperature loss in the drip irrigation belt 4, achieve heat preservation, and ensure the subsequent temperature adjustment accuracy.

[0024] Step 3: A micro-spray pipe and a water-cooled warm air conditioner are arranged in the greenhouse, and a micro-spray head is arranged on the micro-spray pipe. The air temperature and humidity sensor controls the switch of the micro-spray head and the water-cooled warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air.

[0025] Preferably, a water supply pump is connected to the micro-spray pipe.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 is arranged at a depth of 20 cm and 40 cm in the substrate layer in the root limiter.

[0027] In a more preferred embodiment, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 can be provided with multiple sensors, and the installation position can be adjusted according to the specific plants to achieve more accurate temperature and humidity control; specifically, the grape root system is mainly distributed in the soil layer depth of 20-50cm, of which about 60% of the active absorbing roots are located at a soil layer depth of about 20cm, and the storage roots and about 20% of the active absorbing roots are located at a soil layer depth of about 40cm. If the soil layer is too shallow, the surface soil will fluctuate greatly due to the influence of the external environment, and the data detection will be inaccurate; if the soil layer is too deep, it will exceed the distribution range of most roots, and the detection significance is not great.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, the air temperature and humidity sensor is hung in the greenhouse and the hanging height is parallel to the surface of the grape rack, which can accurately detect the temperature of the aboveground part of the grape plant and provide accurate data reference for subsequent air temperature and humidity regulation.

[0029] On the basis of the above technical solution, a water reservoir 5 is provided in the greenhouse, and the water reservoir 5 is connected to the heater 6, the drip irrigation belt 4 and the water heating pipe 3 through different water outlet pipes, and each water outlet pipe is provided with an independent solenoid valve switch X1, X2 and X3; a water reservoir temperature sensor 51 is provided in the water reservoir 5 and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches X1, X2 and X3. Preferably, the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches X1, X2 and X3 through the central controller 1.

[0030] In a more preferred embodiment, the water reservoir 5 uses the greenhouse effect to increase the water temperature.

[0031] Based on the above technical solution, the heater 6 is connected to the drip irrigation belt 4 and the water heating pipe 3 through different water outlet pipes, and is provided with independent solenoid valve switches J1 and J2; a heater temperature sensor 61 is provided in the heater 6 and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches J1 and J2. Preferably, the heater temperature sensor 61 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches X1, X2 and X3 through the central controller 1.

[0032] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2, the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 and the heater temperature sensor 61 are connected to each other through electrical signals. It can be understood that the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2, the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 and the heater temperature sensor 61 are respectively connected to the central controller 1 through electrical signals.

[0033] The soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 works in coordination with the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 and the heater temperature sensor 61 to jointly control the water flow of the drip irrigation belt 4 and the water heating pipe 3 .

[0034] On the basis of the above technical solution, an automatic rolling curtain rod is further arranged in the greenhouse, and the air temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the switch electrical signal of the automatic rolling curtain rod. Preferably, the air temperature and humidity sensor controls the switch of the automatic rolling curtain rod through the central controller 1.

[0035] The air temperature and humidity sensor will control the lifting and lowering of the automatic rolling curtain rod and the switching of the micro-sprinkler and the water-cooled and heated air conditioner through the central controller 1 according to the set air temperature and humidity, so as to adjust the temperature and humidity of the air.

[0036] Based on the above technical solution, the control process of soil humidity by the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 includes: The central controller 1 performs comprehensive processing on the temperature and humidity feedback from the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2, the water reservoir temperature sensor 51, and the heater temperature sensor 61 according to the threshold value set in advance; the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 makes judgments according to the threshold values ​​of soil temperature and humidity and temperature set in advance; when the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold and the soil temperature is also lower than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a low temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 transmits the signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 through the central controller 1, and the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 judges the water temperature in the water reservoir 5; when the water temperature in the water reservoir 5 is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X2 connecting the water reservoir 5 to the drip irrigation belt 4 is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir 5 is used for drip irrigation to increase soil moisture and ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir 5 is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir 5 to the heater 6 is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir 5 flows to the heater 6 for heating. After the heater temperature sensor 61 senses that the water in the heater 6 has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J2 between the heater 6 and the drip irrigation belt 4 is turned on through the central controller 1 for drip irrigation; When the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a high temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 will directly turn on the solenoid valve switch D1 through the central controller 1, start groundwater irrigation, increase soil moisture and cool down the soil at the same time.

[0037] Based on the above technical solution, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 controls the soil temperature by: The central controller 1 performs comprehensive processing on the temperature and humidity feedback from the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2, the water reservoir temperature sensor 51, and the heater temperature sensor 61 according to the threshold value set in advance; the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 makes judgments according to the threshold values ​​of soil temperature and humidity and temperature set in advance; when the soil humidity is normal but the soil temperature is lower than the set threshold value, the soil temperature and humidity sensor 2 transmits the signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 through the central controller 1, and the water reservoir temperature sensor 51 judges the water temperature in the water reservoir 5; when the water temperature in the water reservoir 5 is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X3 connecting the water reservoir 5 to the water heating pipe 3 is turned on, and the water flows through the water heating pipe 3 to heat the root limiter matrix to increase the ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir 5 is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir 5 to the heater 6 is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir 5 flows to the heater 6 for heating. After the heater temperature sensor 61 senses that the water in the heater 6 has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J1 between the heater 6 and the water heating pipe 3 is turned on through the central controller 1 to increase the ground temperature; When the soil moisture is normal but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, the solenoid valve switch D2 will be directly opened to introduce groundwater into the water heating pipe 3. The flow of groundwater will be used to take away the heat of the matrix and reduce the ground temperature.

[0038] Experimental results or data analysis Soil temperature is closely related to the growth and development of grape roots. The normal growth and development of grapes requires a suitable soil temperature. When it is higher or lower than this threshold, its growth and development will be affected. Therefore, the regulation of the underground part is also particularly important.

[0039] In this embodiment, a comparative experiment using the technical method of the present application and the conventional technical method is given as follows: Experimental location: Ju County, Rizhao, Shandong Province. Test varieties: Sunshine Rose grapes. The experimental group is the grapes cultivated by the technical method of the present application; the control group is the grapes cultivated by conventional facility cultivation technology such as traditional greenhouse + manual management method; 1. Summer high temperature period (June 23, 2024, outside temperature 38°C) Experimental group: Underground: The soil temperature and humidity sensor detected that the ground temperature at 40cm rose to 29℃ (1℃ above the threshold), and automatically opened the D2 valve of the water heating pipe to introduce 18℃ groundwater circulation for cooling; Aboveground: The air temperature and humidity sensor triggered micro-spray cooling (5 minutes of spraying + air conditioning) to maintain 28℃ in the greenhouse. Result: The grape leaves did not wilt on that day, and the photosynthetic rate was maintained at 12μmol / m² / s.

[0040] Control group: The ventilation holes were not opened in time, and the temperature in the greenhouse soared to 41°C, resulting in sunburn on 12% of the fruits; emergency artificial flooding caused the soil to be too wet, inducing grape water pot disease three days later.

[0041] 2. Promote early cultivation Regulation of germination period: The ground temperature at 20cm was raised from 5℃ to 12℃ through water heating pipes (it took 48 hours), which was 15 days faster than natural warming; the germination uniformity reached 95%; the control group had only 68%.

[0042] Effect during maturity: put on the market on May 10; the control group was put on the market in June; the experimental group was put on the market earlier, and the per-acre yield increased significantly.

[0043] 3. Delayed cultivation Inhibition of fruit expansion: Maintaining ground temperature ≤22℃ can reduce the fruit expansion rate by 30% (daily weight gain from 0.8g / day to 0.56g / day); spraying 0.1% calcium chloride on the leaves can increase the firmness of the fruit pulp by 18%.

[0044] Effect during maturity: It was put on the market at the end of October to fill the market gap; compared with the regular September price of the control group, the per-acre income increased significantly, achieving delayed listing.

[0045] Therefore, the method for controlling the underground and above-ground dual-domain environment and the maturity period of grapes provided in the present application is used for grape cultivation, which can not only realize the precise control of the above-ground temperature and the underground temperature during the normal cultivation process, but also can intervene and adjust at different growth stages of the grapes to promote early or delayed cultivation, thereby achieving year-round supply of grape production, avoiding market peak periods, and significantly increasing per-acre yields.

[0046] The basic principles and main features of the present invention are shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention.

[0047] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select the planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, and determine the planting line position; Step 2: A heating pipeline, a drip irrigation device and a soil temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the underground part of each plant, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor turns on or off the heating pipeline and the drip irrigation device according to the temperature and humidity of the soil to adjust the temperature and humidity of the underground part of the plant; Step 3: A spray device, a cold and warm air conditioner and an air temperature and humidity sensor are installed in the greenhouse. The air temperature and humidity sensor turns on or off the spray device and the cold and warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air to adjust the temperature and humidity of the above-ground part of the plant.

2. The method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select a planting area, build a greenhouse in the planting area, determine the planting line, and set a root limiter at each planting line; Step 2: Water heating pipes are arranged on both sides and the bottom of the root limiter, a drip irrigation belt is arranged on the root limiter substrate, and a soil temperature and humidity sensor is arranged deep in the substrate layer of the root limiter to detect the temperature and humidity of the soil in real time; the soil temperature and humidity sensor controls the electromagnetic valve D1 connecting the groundwater to the drip irrigation belt and the electromagnetic valve D2 of the water heating pipe according to the temperature and humidity of the soil; Step 3: A micro-spray pipe and a water-cooled warm air conditioner are arranged in the greenhouse, and a micro-spray head is arranged on the micro-spray pipe. The air temperature and humidity sensor controls the switch of the micro-spray head and the water-cooled warm air conditioner according to the temperature and humidity of the air.

3. The method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at 20 cm and 40 cm depths of the substrate layer in the root limiter.

4. A grape underground-aboveground dual-domain environment regulation and maturity control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The air temperature and humidity sensor is hung in the greenhouse and the hanging height is parallel to the surface of the grape rack.

5. The method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water reservoir is arranged in the greenhouse, and the water reservoir is connected to the heater, drip irrigation belt and water heating pipe through different water outlet pipes, and each water outlet pipe is provided with an independent solenoid valve switch X1, X2 and X3; a water reservoir temperature sensor is arranged in the water reservoir and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve switches X1, X2 and X3.

6. A grape underground-aboveground dual-domain environment regulation and maturity control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heater is connected to the water heating pipe and the drip irrigation belt through different water outlet pipes, and is provided with independent solenoid valve switches J1 and J2; a heater temperature sensor is provided in the heater and is connected with the solenoid valve switches J1 and J2 by ​​electrical signals.

7. A grape underground-aboveground dual-domain environment regulation and maturity control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soil temperature and humidity sensor, the water reservoir temperature sensor and the heater temperature sensor are connected to each other through electrical signals.

8. A grape underground-aboveground dual-domain environment regulation and maturity control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An automatic rolling curtain rod is also arranged in the greenhouse, and the air temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the switch electrical signal of the automatic rolling curtain rod.

9. The method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control process of soil humidity by the soil temperature and humidity sensor includes: The soil temperature and humidity sensor makes a judgment based on the soil temperature and humidity and temperature thresholds set in advance; when the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold and the soil temperature is also lower than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a low temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor transmits a signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor, and the water reservoir temperature sensor determines the water temperature in the water reservoir; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X2 connecting the water reservoir to the drip irrigation belt is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir is used for drip irrigation to increase soil moisture and ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir to the heater is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir flows to the heater for heating. After the heater temperature sensor senses that the water in the heater has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J2 between the heater and the drip irrigation belt is turned on for drip irrigation; When the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, that is, the soil is in a high temperature and drought state: the soil temperature and humidity sensor will directly turn on the solenoid valve switch D1, start groundwater irrigation, increase soil moisture and cool down the soil at the same time.

10. The method for regulating the underground and aboveground dual-domain environment and controlling the maturity of grapes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soil temperature and humidity sensor controls the soil temperature in the following steps: The soil temperature and humidity sensor makes judgments based on the soil temperature and humidity and temperature thresholds set in advance; when the soil humidity is normal but the soil temperature is lower than the set threshold, the soil temperature and humidity sensor transmits a signal to the water reservoir temperature sensor, and the water reservoir temperature sensor determines the water temperature in the water reservoir; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is sufficient, the solenoid valve switch X3 connecting the water reservoir to the water heating pipe is turned on, and the water flows through the water heating pipe to heat the substrate to increase the ground temperature; when the water temperature in the water reservoir is insufficient, the solenoid valve switch X1 connecting the water reservoir to the heater is turned on, and the water in the water reservoir flows to the heater for heating. After the heater temperature sensor senses that the water in the heater has reached the set temperature, the solenoid valve switch J1 between the heater and the water heating pipe is turned on to increase the ground temperature; When the soil moisture is normal but the soil temperature is higher than the set threshold, the solenoid valve switch D2 will be directly opened to introduce groundwater into the water heating pipe. The flow of groundwater will be used to take away the heat of the matrix and reduce the ground temperature.

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