Insecticidal composition containing metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural insecticides, and particularly relates to an insecticidal composition containing metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram and application of the insecticidal composition. The insecticidal composition is prepared from metarhizium anisopliae, nitenpyram and a pesticide synergist, the pesticide synergist is YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 or a synergist combination consisting of the YUS-AN4, the Silwet 408 and G-2801, and the pesticide synergist is a pesticide synergist combination consisting of the YUS-AN4, the Silwet 408 and the G-2801. The insecticidal composition can be used for preventing and treating tomato greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum. According to the invention, chemical agents and biological agents are compounded for use, so that the use amount of the chemical agents is reduced, and the problem of '3R' caused by long-term use of chemical pesticides is avoided; in addition, the pesticide synergist is added into the metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram compounded insecticide composition, so that the control effect of the insecticide can be remarkably improved. The insecticidal composition disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of fast effectiveness, good persistence, reduction of environmental pollution and the like required in actual agricultural production, can effectively ensure the quality safety of agricultural products, and has important practical guiding significance in development of green agricultural products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural pesticides, and specifically relates to an insecticide composition comprising Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouse whitefly is one of the important pests of greenhouse vegetables in the family Aleyrodidae of the order Hemiptera. It is also known as the small white moth, greenhouse whitefly, whitefly, and whitefly. It mainly harms crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, and many other fruits and vegetables. Affected by the temperature of facility agriculture, greenhouse whitefly can generally produce 10 generations in a year in the greenhouse, with overlapping generations. It can overwinter in the greenhouse in various insect stages and continue to cause harm. The optimal temperature for its adult activity is 25-30°C. On the host plant, greenhouse whitefly mainly gathers on the back of the plant leaves as adults and nymphs and absorbs juice through the piercing and sucking mouthparts, causing healthy plant leaves to gradually fade to produce sporadic spots, turn yellow, wilt, and then slowly cause serious damage until the whole plant dies. At the same time, when greenhouse whitefly pierces and sucks juice, it will also produce nectar, which affects the respiration of plants. In addition, sooty mold may also be spread through greenhouse whitefly, thus affecting the commercial value of fruits and vegetables.

[0003] At present, the control of greenhouse whiteflies is mainly based on chemical control, supplemented by physical control measures such as hanging yellow sticky insect boards and using insect-proof nets. Biological agents are rarely used for control in production practice. In the long run, it will inevitably lead to unnecessary resistance of Wen's whiteflies. As early as Qingdao, Shandong, and Shanxi, it has been found that greenhouse whiteflies have a certain resistance to a variety of new-generation chemical pesticides such as imidacloprid and avermectin. In addition, the overdose use of chemical pesticides will also lead to unnecessary agricultural product quality and safety problems, pollute the production environment of agricultural products, and threaten the safety of edible agricultural products. Therefore, this paper uses the commonly used greenhouse whitefly chemical agent nitenpyram and the uncommon biological agent Metarhizium anisopliae in actual production to conduct comparative tests through single application and compound application, observe the control effect under different treatments, and provide a scientific basis for the compound control of biological pests with chemical agents and biological agents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention utilizes a control strategy combining biological control with chemical control, which can not only reduce the application amount of chemical agents, but also improve the quick effect of biological control, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively controlling pests.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] Disclosed is an insecticide composition comprising Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram, comprising Metarhizium anisopliae, nitenpyram and a pesticide synergist; the pesticide synergist is YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 or a synergist combination consisting of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801.

[0007] Preferably, the pesticide synergist in the insecticide composition of the present invention is a synergist combination consisting of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801, and the mass ratio of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801 is 1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0008] The Metarhizium anisopliae described in the present invention is a Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension with 10 billion spores / mL, and the Nitenpyram is a 10% Nitenpyram aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the two is 1-5:1-5.

[0009] The added amount of the pesticide synergist in the insecticide composition of the present invention is 3-8% of the total amount of the composition.

[0010] Preferably, in the insecticide composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension to 10% nitenpyram aqueous solution is 1:1; and the added amount of the pesticide adjuvant is 6%.

[0011] The insecticide composition of the present invention is used for preventing and controlling crop pests. Preferably, the crop pest is tomato greenhouse whitefly.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The results of the test of using chemical agents and biological agents alone, as well as the combined use of the two, show that the combination of 10% nitenpyram 800 times diluted chemical agent and 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension 800 times diluted biological agent has the characteristics of fast effect and long duration. At the same time, the combined use of chemical agents and biological agents reduces the use of chemical agents, avoids the "3R" problem pesticides (pesticide residues, rampant pests and pest resistance) caused by long-term use of chemical pesticides, achieves the effect of reducing pesticides and continuous prevention and control, and ensures the safety of the production environment of agricultural products.

[0014] (2) From the practice of agricultural production, it can be seen that spraying chemical pesticides is the main means of controlling pests and diseases at present because of its quick effect. However, chemical pesticide control not only pollutes the growth environment of agricultural products and damages the ecological environment, but also causes unnecessary threats to the health of beneficial insects and chemical pesticide residues to humans and livestock. Biological pesticides have the advantages of low toxicity, safety, and long-lasting effect. However, in actual production, they are often used in the prevention of pests and diseases because of their slow effect and narrow control range. The effect is not as significant as chemical pesticides, which may require more time and resources to achieve the expected control effect. For plants with more serious pests and diseases, it is difficult to achieve a quick effect by spraying biological agents. However, by mixing chemical agents and biological agents, it can be seen that both have the characteristics of quick effect, good long-lasting effect, and reduced environmental pollution required in actual agricultural production, which can effectively ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products and have important practical guiding significance for the development of green agricultural products.

[0015] (3) Adding a pesticide synergist to the compound insecticide composition of Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram of the present invention can significantly improve the control effect of the agent, and adding pesticide adjuvants YUS-AN4 and Silwet 408 alone can significantly improve the control effect of the compound agent; adding a combination of pesticide synergists to the compound insecticide composition of Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram can significantly improve the control effect of the agent, with an increase of more than 10%, which can effectively reduce the dosage of active ingredients, slow down the development of pest resistance, and reduce environmental pollution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further explained below with reference to specific examples. Example 1: The efficacy of the combination of Metarhizium anisopliae and Nitenpyram against greenhouse whiteflies of tomatoes 1.1 Materials and methods

[0017] 1.1.1 Test plants

[0018] Tomatoes: purchased from the market and transplanted into the greenhouse as seedlings.

[0019] 1.1.2 Test reagents

[0020] Chemical agent: 10% nitenpyram aqueous solution, produced by Qingdao Haina Biotechnology Co., Ltd., purchased from the market.

[0021] Biological agent: 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension, produced by Chongqing Major Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. and purchased from the market.

[0022] 1.1.3 Test conditions

[0023] The experiment was conducted in greenhouses in Chuzhou and Fuyang, Anhui Province. The experimental plots were flat, the temperature in the greenhouses was maintained at around 20-30°C all year round, the humidity was around 70%, the soil was yellow-brown, and the pH value was 6.2. Organic fertilizer was used as base fertilizer before transplanting tomatoes. The spacing between transplanted tomatoes was about 35cm×60cm, covered with black mulch, and the growth of tomatoes was basically the same before flowering. Manual uniform regular weeding and watering were performed. The experiment was started when the greenhouse whitefly was more serious, that is, after the flowering period and before the early fruiting period. During the experiment, the weather was clear and the light conditions were good.

[0024] 1.1.4 Test methods

[0025] The experiment was divided into three treatment groups: 500 times of 10% nitenpyram, 500 times of 10 billion spores / mL of Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension, 800 times of 10% nitenpyram and 800 times of 10 billion spores / mL of Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension. The control group was sprayed with clean water. Three replicates were set for each group. Each replicate consisted of 4 rows of tomatoes. Before the experiment, the insect population base of greenhouse whiteflies on three tomato plants was observed and recorded by five-point survey method and visual inspection method. The tomato plants were then sprayed evenly according to the multiple of the treatment agent by a backpack sprayer. The insect population was observed and recorded after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d after the application. The insect population reduction rate and control effect at different times were calculated.

[0026]

[0027] 1.1.5 Data Analysis

[0028] Excel was used to calculate and organize the basic experimental data, and SPSS22.0 software was used to perform significance analysis using Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0029] 1.2 Results and Analysis

[0030] (I) Plant safety investigation

[0031] By comparing the observations before and after application, the plants treated with chemical and biological agents grew healthily and well, without obvious differences, and the leaves did not show symptoms such as chlorosis, curling, and deformity. It can be seen that under the experimental conditions, the chemical agent 10% nitenpyram and the biological agent 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension in appropriate amounts will not cause phytotoxicity to tomato plants, whether used alone or in combination, and are safe for tomato growth.

[0032] (II) Pest control effect

[0033] As shown in Table 1, the insect population reduction rate of the chemical agent 10% nitenpyram 500 times solution first gradually increased and then slightly decreased after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d of application, which were 37.53%, 85.35%, 100% and 97.69% respectively. Among them, the insect population reduction rate was the highest after 7d of application, and it was significantly higher than the blank control area after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d of application. The insect population reduction rate of the biological agent 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension 500 times solution gradually increased after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d of application, which were 7.36%, 37.24%, 57.47% and 91.95% respectively. Among them, the insect population reduction rate was the highest after 15d of application, but it did not reach 100%, and it was significantly higher than the blank control area after 3d, 7d and 15d of application. The insect population reduction rate of the combination of 10% nitenpyram 800 times liquid and 10 billion spores / mL suspension of Metarhizium anisopliae oil of biological agent 800 times liquid increased gradually after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d, and remained unchanged after 7d, which were 43.10%, 93.70%, 100% and 100% respectively. Among them, the insect population reduction rate was the highest after 7d and 15d of application, and was significantly higher than that of the blank control area after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d of application. By comparing the three treatment test groups, it was found that the insect population reduction rate of single application of chemical agent 10% nitenpyram was significantly higher than that of biological agent 10 billion spores / mL suspension of Metarhizium anisopliae oil, while the combination of the two showed that the insect population reduction rate was higher than the insect population reduction rate of the two single agents, and the insect population reduction rate remained 100% in the later period. The control group sprayed with water also had a small change in insect population at different times.

[0034] As can be seen from Table 2, the control effect of the chemical agent 10% nitenpyram 500 times solution gradually increased and then slightly decreased 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d after application, which were 35.33%, 85.01%, 100.00% and 97.53% respectively, among which the control effect was the highest after 7d of application. The control effect of the biological agent 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension 500 times solution gradually increased 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d after application, which were 4.09%, 35.79%, 58.51% and 91.41% respectively, among which the control effect was the highest after 15d of application, but it did not reach 100%. The control effect of the combination of 10% nitenpyram 800 times liquid and 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension of the chemical agent 100 billion spores / mL 800 times liquid increased gradually after 1d, 3d, 7d and 15d and remained unchanged after 7d, which were 41.10%, 93.56%, 100% and 100% respectively. Among them, the control effect was the highest after 7d and 15d. By comparing the three test groups, it was found that the control effect of the single application of the chemical agent 10% nitenpyram was significantly higher than that of the biological agent 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension, while the combination of the two showed that the control effect was higher than the control effect of the single application of the two agents, and the control effect in the later period remained at 100%, which shows that the chemical agent has a fast effect but a weaker persistence, and the biological agent has a slow effect but a stronger persistence, while the combination of the two has the dual advantages of fast effect and strong persistence.

[0035] Table 1 The reduction rate of greenhouse whitefly population by single pesticide and mixed pesticide

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Note: 1 indicates 500 times of 10% nitenpyram, 2 indicates 500 times of 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension, 3 indicates 800 times of 10% nitenpyram and 800 times of 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension. CK indicates water spray as the control group; the data in the table are average values, and different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level, the same below.

[0039] Table 2 Control effect of single agent and mixed agent on greenhouse whitefly

[0040] Test group number 1 day after application 3 days after application 7 days after application 15 days after application 1 35.33％b 85.01％b 100.00％a 97.53％a 2 4.09％c 35.79％c 58.51％b 91.41％b 3 41.10％a 93.56％a 100.00％a 100.00％a

[0041] Example 2: Effects of pesticide synergists on the biological activity of the combination of Metarhizium anisopliae and Nitenpyram 2.1 Materials and methods

[0042] 2.1.1 Test plants

[0043] Tomatoes: purchased from the market and transplanted into the greenhouse as seedlings.

[0044] 2.1.2 Test Drugs

[0045] Chemical agent: 10% nitenpyram aqueous solution, produced by Qingdao Haina Biotechnology Co., Ltd., purchased from the market.

[0046] Biological agent: 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension, produced by Chongqing Major Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. and purchased from the market.

[0047] Synergists: YUS-AN4 (sodium salt of alkyl sulfonate), Silwet 408 (alkoxy modified polytrisiloxane), G-2801 (polyquaternary ammonium salt), purchased from a market additive company.

[0048] 2.1.3 Test conditions

[0049] The experiment was conducted in greenhouses in Chuzhou and Fuyang, Anhui Province. The experimental plots were flat, the temperature in the greenhouses was maintained at around 20-30°C all year round, the humidity was around 70%, the soil was yellow-brown, and the pH value was 6.2. Organic fertilizer was used as base fertilizer before transplanting tomatoes. The spacing between transplanted tomatoes was about 35cm×60cm, covered with black mulch, and the growth of tomatoes was basically the same before flowering. Manual uniform regular weeding and watering were performed. The experiment was started when the greenhouse whitefly was more serious, that is, after the flowering period and before the early fruiting period. During the experiment, the weather was clear and the light conditions were good.

[0050] 2.1.4 Test methods

[0051] The experiment was divided into 5 treatment groups, with water spray as the control group. Each group was set up with 3 replicates. Each replicate consisted of 4 rows of tomatoes. Before the experiment began, the insect population base of greenhouse whiteflies on 3 tomato plants was observed and recorded (including adults and nymphs) by five-point survey method and visual inspection method, and then the tomato plants were evenly sprayed according to the multiple of the treatment agent by a backpack sprayer. The insect population was observed and recorded 21 days after the application. The insect population reduction rate and control effect were calculated.

[0052]

[0053] 2.1.5 Data Analysis

[0054] Excel was used to calculate and organize the basic experimental data, and SPSS22.0 software was used to perform significance analysis using Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0055] 2.2 Results and Analysis

[0056] It can be seen from Table 3 that adding a pesticide synergist to the compound insecticide composition of Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram of the present invention can significantly improve the control effect of the agent; the control improvement of the pesticide synergist G-2801 alone is not obvious, and there is no significant difference with Treatment 1; adding pesticide adjuvants YUS-AN4 and Silwet 408 alone can significantly improve the control effect of the compound agent; adding a pesticide synergist to the compound insecticide composition of Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram has a significant effect on improving the control effect of the agent, which is improved by more than 10%, and can effectively reduce the dosage of the active ingredient, slow down the development of pest resistance, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0057] Table 3 Effects of pesticide synergists on the biological activity of the combination of Metarhizium anisopliae and Nitenpyram

[0058]

[0059] Note: 1 indicates 10% nitenpyram + 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension in a mass ratio of 1:1. 2 indicates No. 1 + 6% Silwet 408, 3 indicates No. 1 + 6% YUS-AN4, 4 indicates No. 1 + 5% G-2801, 5 indicates No. 1 + 2% Silwet 408 + 2% YUS-AN4 + 2% G-2801; the above agents were diluted 1000 times. CK indicates the control group with clean water spray.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only some specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and there are many variations. All variations that can be directly derived or associated with the content disclosed by a person skilled in the art are considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insecticidal composition comprising Metarhizium anisopliae and nitenpyram, characterized in that: The pesticide synergist comprises Metarhizium anisopliae, Nitenpyram and a pesticide synergist; the pesticide synergist is YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 or a synergist combination consisting of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801.

2. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The pesticide synergist is a synergist combination consisting of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801, and the mass ratio of YUS-AN4, Silwet 408 and G-2801 is 1-3:1-3:1-3.

3. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The Metarhizium anisopliae is a Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension with 10 billion spores / mL, and the Nitenpyram is a 10% Nitenpyram aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the two is 1-5:1-5.

4. The insecticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The added amount of the pesticide synergist is 3-8% of the total amount of the composition.

5. The insecticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of 10 billion spores / mL Metarhizium anisopliae oil suspension to 10% nitenpyram aqueous solution is 1:1; the added amount of pesticide adjuvant is 6%.

6. Use of the insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling crop pests.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The crop pest is tomato greenhouse whitefly.

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