Multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and shelling method thereof

Abstract

The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device comprises a machine base, a rotating disc is arranged on the machine base, four clamping mechanisms are evenly distributed on the circumference of the rotating disc, a feeding station, a first shelling station, a second shelling station and a discharging station are evenly distributed on the circumference of the machine base, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the feeding station, and a discharging mechanism is arranged on the discharging station. The first husking station and the second husking station are each provided with a husking mechanism, the blanking station is provided with a blanking groove, an ejector block and a cutting plate are arranged in each husking mechanism in a lifting mode, a tool rest is arranged on each cutting plate in a front-back sliding mode, a friction plate and a cutter are arranged on each tool rest, and a wavy friction face is arranged on each friction plate. The cutting knife is in a rounded triangle shape, the blade part of the cutting knife is arranged at a rounded corner and two connecting walls connecting the rounded corner, the blade part is a single inclined surface blade, the blade part arranged at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, and an obtuse angle is arranged on the blade part arranged at the two connecting walls. The water chestnut husking machine can automatically husk water chestnuts, and pulp cannot be damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and a shelling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water chestnut is an aquatic plant that can be eaten or used as medicine. Its overall appearance is similar to a curved ox horn. Water chestnuts have a thick shell, which needs to be peeled off when eaten or used as medicine. When eaten by individuals, they are usually peeled by hand. However, when mass production is required, the efficiency of manual shelling cannot meet the mass production requirements. Moreover, when manual shelling is performed for a long time, the hands of the staff are easily pricked by the sharp thorns at both ends of the water chestnut during the shelling process. At present, there is no mechanical equipment on the market that can peel water chestnuts in batches. There are only some auxiliary gadgets, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive to use, and the gadgets are easy to hurt the hands. In addition, the integrity of the pulp cannot be guaranteed during the shelling process, affecting the sales quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device and a shelling method thereof, which can automatically shell the water chestnut without damaging the water chestnut pulp.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, comprising: a machine base, a turntable is rotatably arranged on the machine base, four notches are evenly distributed on the circumference of the turntable, a clamping mechanism capable of clamping water chestnuts is arranged at each notch, a first pressure sensor capable of monitoring the clamping pressure of the clamping end is arranged on the clamping end of the clamping mechanism, a loading station, a first shelling station, a second shelling station and a blanking station are evenly distributed on the circumference of the machine base, the four notches correspond to the four stations one by one, a loading mechanism is arranged on the loading station, a shelling mechanism is arranged on the first shelling station and the second shelling station, a blanking chute is arranged on the blanking station, a top block and a cutting plate are lifted and lowered in the shelling mechanism, the cutting plate is connected to the longitudinal lead screw slide, and the top block and the cutting plate are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the turntable. A tool holder is provided on the cutting plate for sliding back and forth, and the tool holder is connected to the transverse lead screw slide, and a friction plate and a cutter are provided on the tool holder, the friction plate is located in front of the cutter, a groove is provided on the friction plate, and a wavy friction surface is provided on the friction plate located on both sides of the groove, and the cutter is in the shape of a rounded triangle, and the blade of the cutter is provided at the rounded corner and at two connecting walls connecting the rounded corners, the blade is a single bevel blade, the blade provided at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, and an obtuse angle is provided on the blade provided at the two connecting walls, and a height spacing matching the thickness of the water chestnut shell is left between the thin and sharp blade on the cutter and the peak of the wavy friction surface on the friction plate, the top block in the first shelling station is located above the cutting plate, and the cutter is located above the friction plate, and the top block in the second shelling station is located below the cutting plate, and the cutter is located below the friction plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut shelling device, wherein the clamping mechanism also includes: a clamping screw slide, a fixed clamp and a movable clamp, a first pressure sensor is fixed on the slide seat of the clamping screw slide, the movable clamp is fixed on the first pressure sensor and is located above the corresponding notch, the fixed clamp is fixed at the corresponding notch, the movable clamp is aligned with the fixed clamp to form a clamping end, two clamping blocks are protruding from the movable clamp and the fixed clamp, the clamping block on the movable clamp is arranged opposite to the clamping block on the fixed clamp, when the clamping block on the movable clamp and the clamping block on the fixed clamp cooperate with each other to clamp the water chestnut, a clamping groove capable of accommodating the water chestnut is formed between the four clamping blocks, and the push block can enter the clamping groove to push the water chestnut.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut peeling device, the clamping surface of the clamping block is any one of an arc surface, an inclined surface, and a corrugated surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut shelling device, wherein a lifting assembly is provided in the shelling mechanism, and the top block is connected to the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly comprises: a first support frame, a first reduction motor, a first cam, a first connecting rod, a first sliding plate and a second pressure sensor, the first support frame is fixed on the machine base, the first cam is rotatably arranged on the first support frame, the first reduction motor is fixed on the first support frame and is connected to the first cam, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the eccentric position of the first cam, the first sliding plate is rotatably arranged on the other end of the first connecting rod, a first longitudinal guide rail is provided on the first support frame, the first sliding plate is slidably clamped on the first longitudinal guide rail, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the first sliding plate, the top block is fixed on the second pressure sensor, and an inclined top portion is provided on the top block, the inclined top portion of the top block in the first shelling station is inclined from front to back and from top to bottom, and the inclined top portion of the top block in the second shelling station is inclined from front to back and from bottom to top.

[0008] Furthermore, the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut shelling device, wherein the connection structure between the cutting plate and the tool holder and the transverse lead screw slide is as follows: the transverse lead screw slide and the tool holder are respectively arranged on the top wall and the bottom wall of the cutting plate, a limited long hole is opened on the cutting plate, a connecting plate is arranged on the slide seat of the transverse lead screw slide, the connecting plate is connected to the tool holder after passing through the limited long hole, two horizontal guide rails are arranged on a side wall where the cutting plate is connected to the tool holder, two sliders are arranged on the tool holder, and the two sliders on the tool holder are respectively slidably clamped on the two horizontal guide rails, the tool holder in the first shelling station is arranged on the top wall of the cutting plate, the transverse lead screw slide is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate, the tool holder in the second shelling station is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate, and the transverse lead screw slide is arranged on the top wall of the cutting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut peeling device, two fixed blocks are provided on the tool holder, both fixed blocks are provided with bosses protruding upward, the cutter is connected to the two fixed blocks by bolts, and the rear end wall of the cutter rests on the bosses of the two fixed blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut peeling device, a servo turntable is provided on the machine base, a flange is connected to the servo turntable, and the turntable is connected to the flange.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut shelling device, wherein the feeding mechanism includes: a second support frame, a second reduction motor, a second cam, a second connecting rod, a second sliding plate and a flat drag plate, the second support frame is fixed on the machine base, the second cam is rotatably arranged on the second support frame, the second reduction motor is fixed on the second support frame and connected to the second cam, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably arranged on an eccentric position of the second cam, the second sliding plate is rotatably arranged on the other end of the second connecting rod, a second longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the second support frame, the second sliding plate is slidably clamped on the second longitudinal guide rail, and the flat drag plate is arranged on the second sliding plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the aforementioned multi-station automated water chestnut peeling device, wherein four columns are arranged around the machine base, a safety grating transmitter and a safety grating receiver are arranged on each column, and the safety grating transmitter and the safety grating receiver on every two adjacent columns correspond to each other.

[0013] The shelling method uses the above-mentioned multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device, and its steps are as follows: the water chestnut is placed on a feeding mechanism of a feeding station with the depressed portion facing the feeding mechanism, the clamping mechanism on the feeding station clamps the sharp corners at both ends of the water chestnut, the clamping mechanism on the feeding station rotates to the first shelling station, the friction plate and the top block in the shelling mechanism on the first shelling station clamp the water chestnut, the depressed portion on the water chestnut abuts against the friction plate, the friction plate moves forward to rub the water chestnut, so that the depressed portion of the water chestnut is contacted with the friction plate, and the friction plate moves forward to rub the water chestnut, so that the depressed portion of the water chestnut is contacted with the friction plate. The cutter is aligned, and when the cutter moves forward, it cuts and tears the shell on the concave part of the water chestnut. Then the clamping mechanism on the first shelling station rotates to the second shelling station. The friction plate and the top block in the shelling mechanism on the second shelling station clamp the water chestnut. The raised part on the water chestnut rests on the friction plate. The friction plate moves forward to rub the water chestnut, so that the raised part of the water chestnut is aligned with the cutter. The cutter moves forward to cut and tear the shell on the raised part of the water chestnut. Finally, the clamping mechanism on the second shelling station rotates to the blanking station for blanking.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are that the water chestnuts can be placed on the feeding mechanism of the feeding station in cooperation with the manipulator, and then the water chestnuts can be clamped by the clamping mechanism on the feeding station in cooperation with the feeding mechanism, and then the water chestnuts are transported to the first shelling station through the turntable to shell the concave parts of the water chestnuts, and then transported to the second shelling station to shell the convex parts of the water chestnuts, and the flesh of the water chestnuts will not be damaged in the shelling process. When the shells of the concave parts and the convex parts of the water chestnuts are torn and peeled, a large crack is formed on the shell, and the peeled shells will not fall down and affect the operation of the entire equipment. The staff only needs to gently The flesh and shell of the water chestnut can be separated by just pulling; in order to improve the clamping stability of the water chestnut, a clamping screw slide is used in the clamping mechanism to cooperate with the first pressure sensor to drive the movable clamp to cooperate with the fixed clamp; in order to stabilize the abutting force of the top block on the water chestnut and ensure the shelling accuracy of the cutter on the water chestnut, a second pressure sensor is used in the shelling mechanism to cooperate with a cam mechanism driven by a reduction motor so that the top block can rise and fall with the water chestnut after abutting on the water chestnut; at the same time, a transverse screw slide is used to drive the tool holder and the friction plate and cutter on the tool holder to move back and forth so that the cutter can shell the water chestnut with sufficient speed and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-station automatic water chestnut peeling device described in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the middle machine base and the turntable.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle turntable and the clamping mechanism on the turntable.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the position structure between the top block and the cutting plate in the first shelling station.

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the position structure between the top block and the cutting plate in the second shelling station.

[0021] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 and Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle friction plate.

[0022] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 and Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cutter.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the concave part of the water chestnut is facing upward.

[0024] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of water chestnuts contacting with a friction plate and a top block in the first shelling station and the second shelling station respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the multi-station automatic water chestnut peeling device described in the present invention includes: a machine base 1, four columns 11 are arranged around the machine base 1, and a safety grating transmitter 111 and a safety grating receiver 112 are arranged on each column 11. The safety grating transmitter 111 on each two adjacent columns 11 corresponds to the safety grating receiver 112, and the infrared rays emitted by the safety grating transmitter 111 are received by the corresponding safety grating receiver 112, so as to form an invisible optical barrier, thereby ensuring a safe distance between the staff and the entire equipment. A servo turntable 12 is arranged on the machine base 1, a flange 13 is connected to the servo turntable 12, a turntable 2 is connected to the flange 13, the servo turntable 12 can drive the turntable 2 to rotate through the flange 13, four notches 21 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the turntable 2, four clamping mechanisms 3 that can clamp water chestnuts are evenly distributed on the circumference of the turntable 2, the four clamping mechanisms 3 correspond to the four notches 21 one by one, the clamping mechanism 3 includes: a clamping screw slide 31, a fixed clamp 32, a movable clamp 33 and a first pressure sensor 34, the first pressure sensor 34 is fixed on the slide seat 311 of the clamping screw slide 31, the movable clamp 33 is fixed on the first pressure sensor 34 and is located above the corresponding notch 21, the fixed clamp 32 is fixed at the corresponding notch 21, the movable clamp 33 is aligned with the fixed clamp 32 to form a clamping end, Two clamping blocks 35 are protruding from the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32. The clamping blocks 35 on the movable clamp 33 are arranged opposite to the clamping blocks 35 on the fixed clamp 32. The clamping surface of the clamping blocks 35 is any one of an arc surface, an inclined surface, and a corrugated surface. In the present embodiment, the clamping surface of the clamping blocks 35 is an arc surface. When the clamping blocks 35 on the movable clamp 33 and the clamping blocks 35 on the fixed clamp 32 cooperate with each other to clamp the water chestnut, a clamping groove capable of accommodating the water chestnut is formed between the four clamping blocks 35. When the clamping blocks 35 clamp the water chestnut, there is line-surface contact between the water chestnut and the clamping blocks 35. When the water chestnut is subjected to pressure, the water chestnut can rotate between the clamping blocks 35. When the fixed clamp 32 and the movable clamp 33 clamp the water chestnut, the clamping force on the water chestnut can be controlled by the first pressure sensor 34 to prevent the water chestnut from being damaged by excessive clamping force or being unable to clamp the water chestnut due to insufficient clamping force.

[0027] A loading station, a first shelling station, a second shelling station and a blanking station are evenly distributed on the circumference of the machine base 1. The four notches 21 and the four clamping mechanisms 3 on the turntable 2 correspond to the four stations one by one. A blanking trough 14 is provided on the blanking station, and a loading mechanism 4 is provided on the loading station. The loading mechanism 4 includes: a second support frame 41, a second reduction motor 42, a second cam 43, a second connecting rod 44, a second sliding plate 45 and a flat drag plate 46. The second support frame 41 is fixed on the machine base 1, and the second cam 43 is rotatably arranged On the second support frame 41, the second reduction motor 42 is fixed on the second support frame 41 and connected to the second cam 43, one end of the second connecting rod 44 is rotatably arranged at the eccentric position of the second cam 43, the second sliding plate 45 is rotatably arranged on the other end of the second connecting rod 44, a second longitudinal guide rail 47 is arranged on the second support frame 41, the second sliding plate 45 is slidably arranged on the second longitudinal guide rail 47, and a flat drag plate 46 is arranged on the second sliding plate 45, and the length and width of the flat drag plate 46 are smaller than the length and width of the notch 21. The second reduction motor 42 drives the second cam 43 to rotate, and the second cam 43 will drive the second connecting rod 44 to rotate eccentrically when rotating, and the second connecting rod 44 will drive the second sliding plate 45 to reciprocate up and down along the second longitudinal guide rail 47 when rotating eccentrically, thereby driving the flat drag plate 46 to reciprocate up and down, and when the water chestnut is placed on the flat drag plate 46, the flat drag plate 46 can pass through the notch 21 and rise to the top of the turntable 2, so as to facilitate the clamping mechanism 3 on the loading station to clamp the water chestnut on the flat drag plate 46.

[0028] A shelling mechanism 5 is provided at the first shelling station and the second shelling station. A top block 51 and a cutting plate 52 are lifted and arranged in the shelling mechanism 5. The top block 51 and the cutting plate 52 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the turntable 2. The top block 51 in the first shelling station is located above the cutting plate 52. An inclined top is provided on the top block 51. The inclined top of the top block 51 in the first shelling station is inclined from front to back and from top to bottom. The top block 51 in the second shelling station is located below the cutting plate 52. The inclined top of the top block 51 in the second shelling station is inclined from front to back and from bottom to top. The top block 51 is connected to a lifting component 53, and the lifting component 53 includes: a first support frame 531, a first reduction motor 532, a first cam 533, a first connecting rod 534, a first sliding plate 535 and a second pressure sensor 536. The first support frame 531 is fixed on the machine base 1, and the first cam 533 is rotatably arranged on the first On the support frame 531, the first reduction motor 532 is fixed on the first support frame 531 and connected to the first cam 533, one end of the first connecting rod 534 is rotatably set at the eccentric position of the first cam 533, and the first sliding plate 535 is rotatably set on the other end of the first connecting rod 534. A first longitudinal guide rail 537 is arranged on the first support frame 531, and the first sliding plate 535 is slidably clamped on the first longitudinal guide rail 537. The second pressure sensor 536 is arranged on the first sliding plate 535, and the top block 51 is fixed on the second pressure sensor 536. The working principle of the lifting assembly 53 is the same as that of the feeding mechanism 4. When the clamping mechanism 3 on the turntable 2 clamps the water chestnut and rotates to the first peeling station or the second peeling station, the lifting assembly 53 drives the top block 51 to enter the clamping groove to push the water chestnut. When pushing the water chestnut, the top block 51 judges whether the water chestnut is pushed into place through the second pressure sensor 536.

[0029] The cutting plate 52 in the shelling mechanism 5 is connected to the longitudinal lead screw slide 58, and a knife holder 54 is provided on the cutting plate 52 to slide forward and backward, and the knife holder 54 is connected to the transverse lead screw slide 55. The connection structure between the cutting plate 52 and the knife holder 54 and the transverse lead screw slide 55 is as follows: the transverse lead screw slide 55 and the knife holder 54 are respectively arranged on the top wall and the bottom wall of the cutting plate 52, so that the assembly space can be reasonably arranged on the cutting plate 52, a limited position long hole 521 is provided on the cutting plate 52, and a connecting plate 551 is provided on the slide seat of the transverse lead screw slide 55, and the connecting plate 55 After passing through the limiting long hole 521, it is connected to the tool holder 54. Two horizontal guide rails 522 are arranged on one side wall where the cutting plate 52 is connected to the tool holder 54. Two slide blocks 541 are arranged on the tool holder 54. The two slide blocks 541 on the tool holder 54 are respectively slidably clamped on the two horizontal guide rails 522. The tool holder 54 in the first shelling station is arranged on the top wall of the cutting plate 52, and the horizontal lead screw slide 55 is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate 52. The tool holder 54 in the second shelling station is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate 52, and the horizontal lead screw slide 55 is arranged on the cutting plate 52. On the top wall, a friction plate 56 and a cutter 57 are arranged on the tool holder 54, the friction plate 56 is located in front of the cutter 57, a groove 561 is arranged on the friction plate 56, and a wavy friction surface 562 is arranged on the friction plate 56 located on both sides of the groove 561. The cutter 57 is in the shape of a rounded triangle, and the blade of the cutter 57 is arranged at the rounded corner 571 and at two connecting walls 572 connecting the rounded corners. The blade is a single bevel blade, the blade arranged at the rounded corner 571 is thin and sharp, and an obtuse angle is arranged on the blade arranged at the two connecting walls 572. The cutter 57 is thin and sharp. There is a height gap between the sharp blade and the peak of the wavy friction surface 562 on the friction plate 56 that matches the thickness of the water chestnut shell. The cutter 57 in the first shelling station is located above the friction plate 56, and the cutter 57 in the second shelling station is located below the friction plate 56. Since the shell thickness of different varieties of water chestnuts is different, the height gap between the cutter 57 and the friction plate 56 is adjustable. The adjustment method can be achieved by adding or removing gaskets between the friction plate 56 and the tool holder 54. This adjustment method is common, so it will not be described here. Two fixing blocks 542 are provided on the knife holder 54, and a boss 543 is provided on each of the two fixing blocks 542 to protrude upwards. The cutter 57 is connected to the two fixing blocks 542 by bolts, and the rear end wall of the cutter 57 abuts against the bosses 543 of the two fixing blocks 542. When the cutter 57 is cutting water chestnuts, the boss 543 on the fixing block 542 can limit the cutter 57 to prevent the cutter 57 from loosening after long-term use.

[0030] When in use, the water chestnut is placed on the flat drag plate 46 of the feeding mechanism 4 by a manipulator. Since the water chestnut is in a half-moon shape with obvious protrusions and depressions, a hilum protrudes from the depression, and there are slender sharp corners at both ends of the water chestnut, the concave part of the water chestnut is generally placed on the flat drag plate 46 with the depression facing downward, so that the water chestnut can be placed stably on the flat drag plate 46, and at the same time, the two sharp corners of the water chestnut face the clamping block 35 of the fixed clamp 32 and the movable clamp 33. After the placement is completed, the feeding mechanism 4 transports the water chestnut upward toward the clamping mechanism 3, and the flat drag plate 4 6 drives the water chestnut upward over the notch 21 on the turntable 2 and then abuts against the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32. The feeding mechanism 4 stops, and the clamping mechanism 3 on the feeding station clamps the water chestnut on the flat carriage 46. The two clamping blocks 35 on the same side of the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32 cooperate to clamp the sharp corners on the same side of the water chestnut. After the clamping mechanism 3 clamps the water chestnut, the flat carriage 46 in the feeding mechanism 4 descends, the turntable 2 rotates, and the clamping mechanism 3 holding the water chestnut is rotated to the first shelling station, and the manipulator places the new water chestnut on the flat carriage 46.

[0031] After the clamped water chestnut enters the first shelling station, the cutting plate 52 drives the tool holder 54 and the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57 on the tool holder 54 to move upward together under the drive of the longitudinal screw slide 58. When the friction plate 56 abuts against the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32, the top block 51 extends into the clamping groove between the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32 to push the water chestnut downward. When the top block 51 pushes the water chestnut downward, the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32 will slightly loosen the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut can be smoothly pushed onto the friction plate 56 and the two sharp corners on the water chestnut will not fall off the clamping between the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32. After reaching the friction plate 56, the inclined top of the top block 51 abuts against the rear end of the raised part of the water chestnut near the cutter 57 to prevent the raised part of the water chestnut from interfering with the abutment of the top block 51 against the water chestnut. The hilum on the water chestnut is located in the groove 561 of the friction plate 56, so that the hilum does not interfere with the water chestnut abutting against the wavy friction surface 562 on the friction plate 56. The movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32 clamp the sharp corner of the water chestnut again, and the transverse screw slide 55 drives the tool holder 54 and the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57 on the tool holder 54 to move forward together. The wavy friction surface 562 on the friction plate 56 rubs the concave part of the water chestnut, so that the water chestnut rotates until the concave part and the cutter 57 are aligned. Horizontally aligned, during this process, the top block 51 is always against the water chestnut with a stable force under the action of the lifting assembly 53 and the second pressure sensor 536 in the lifting assembly 53, and the cutter 57 moves forward to cut the shell of the water chestnut concave part through the thin and sharp blade. When the cutter 57 continues to move forward, the blunt-angled blades on the two connecting walls 572 are inserted between the flesh and the shell of the water chestnut concave part to tear the shell of the concave part, so that the flesh and shell of the water chestnut concave part are separated. In this process, the thin and sharp blade can easily cut the shell with less force, reduce the damage to the flesh, and keep the flesh intact, and then Then, the thickness of the blunt-angled blade is used to apply a uniform lateral force to the fruit shell, the incision is stretched and torn, and the incision will be torn to the side wall of the water chestnut, and the fruit shell is peeled off. If the blunt-angled blade is not used to stretch and tear, and only a thin and sharp blade is used for cutting, the fruit shell on the side wall of the water chestnut cannot be cut without cutting the flesh. After completing the shelling work on the concave part of the water chestnut, the tool holder 54 with the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57 is reset backward, the cutting plate 52 on the first shelling station brings the tool holder 54 down and resets, the top block 51 resets upward, and the clamping mechanism 3 located at the first shelling station rotates to the second shelling station.

[0032] The cutting plate 52 in the second shelling station drives the tool holder 54 and the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57 on the tool holder 54 to move downward together until the friction plate 56 abuts against the movable clamp 33 and the fixed clamp 32, and the top block 51 moves upward to the clamping groove to push the water chestnut upward until the raised portion of the water chestnut is pushed to abut against the friction plate 56, and then the tool holder 54 and the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57 on the tool holder 54 move forward together, and the friction plate 56 rubs the raised portion of the water chestnut so that the raised portion of the water chestnut is horizontally aligned with the cutter 57, and the cutter 57 moves forward to cut the shell of the raised portion of the water chestnut through the thin and sharp blade, and when the cutter 57 continues to move forward, the blunt-angled blades on the two connecting walls 572 are inserted between the flesh and the shell of the raised portion of the water chestnut to tear the shell of the raised portion, so that the flesh and the shell of the raised portion of the water chestnut are separated. After completing the shelling work on the raised part of the water chestnut, the tool holder 54 in the second shelling station is reset with the friction plate 56 and the cutter 57, the cutting plate 52 is raised and reset with the tool holder 54, the top block 51 is lowered and reset, and the clamping mechanism 3 located on the second shelling station is rotated to the blanking station. The clamping mechanism 3 rotated to the blanking station releases the water chestnut, and the water chestnut will fall into the blanking chute 14. When the shells of the concave and convex parts of the water chestnut are torn and peeled off, a larger crack is formed on the shell, and the peeled shell will not fall down and affect the operation of the entire equipment. The staff only needs to pull it lightly to separate the flesh and shell of the water chestnut.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multi-station automatic water chestnut peeling device, including: The machine base is characterized in that: a turntable is rotatably arranged on the machine base, four notches are evenly distributed on the circumference of the turntable, a clamping mechanism capable of clamping water chestnuts is arranged at each notch, a first pressure sensor capable of monitoring the clamping pressure of the clamping end is arranged on the clamping end of the clamping mechanism, a loading station, a first shelling station, a second shelling station and a blanking station are evenly distributed on the circumference of the machine base, the four notches correspond to the four stations one by one, a loading mechanism is arranged on the loading station, a shelling mechanism is arranged on the first shelling station and the second shelling station, a blanking trough is arranged on the blanking station, a top block and a cutting plate are lifted and lowered in the shelling mechanism, the cutting plate is connected to the longitudinal lead screw slide, the top block and the cutting plate are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the turntable, a tool holder is arranged on the cutting plate to slide back and forth, and the tool holder The frame is connected with the transverse screw slide, and a friction plate and a cutter are arranged on the knife frame, the friction plate is located in front of the cutter, a groove is arranged on the friction plate, and a wavy friction surface is arranged on the friction plate located on both sides of the groove, the cutter is in the shape of a rounded triangle, the blade of the cutter is arranged at the rounded corner and at two connecting walls connecting the rounded corners, the blade is a single bevel blade, the blade arranged at the rounded corner is thin and sharp, and an obtuse angle is arranged on the blade arranged at the two connecting walls, and a height spacing matching the thickness of the water chestnut shell is left between the thin and sharp blade on the cutter and the peak of the wavy friction surface on the friction plate, the top block in the first shelling station is located above the cutting plate, and the cutter is located above the friction plate, and the top block in the second shelling station is located below the cutting plate, and the cutter is located below the friction plate.

2. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism also includes: a clamping screw slide, a fixed clamp and a movable clamp, a first pressure sensor is fixed on a slide seat of the clamping screw slide, the movable clamp is fixed on the first pressure sensor and is located above the corresponding notch, the fixed clamp is fixed at the corresponding notch, the movable clamp is aligned with the fixed clamp to form a clamping end, two clamping blocks are protruding from the movable clamp and the fixed clamp, the clamping block on the movable clamp is arranged opposite to the clamping block on the fixed clamp, when the clamping block on the movable clamp and the clamping block on the fixed clamp cooperate with each other to clamp the water chestnut, a clamping groove that can accommodate the water chestnut is formed between the four clamping blocks, and the push block can enter the clamping groove to push the water chestnut.

3. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping surface of the clamping block is any one of an arc surface, an inclined surface and a corrugated surface.

4. The multi-station automatic water chestnut peeling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lifting assembly is provided in the shelling mechanism, and the top block is connected to the lifting assembly. The lifting assembly includes: a first support frame, a first reduction motor, a first cam, a first connecting rod, a first sliding plate and a second pressure sensor. The first support frame is fixed on the machine base, the first cam is rotatably arranged on the first support frame, the first reduction motor is fixed on the first support frame and is connected to the first cam, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the eccentric position of the first cam, the first sliding plate is rotatably arranged on the other end of the first connecting rod, a first longitudinal guide rail is provided on the first support frame, the first sliding plate is slidably clamped on the first longitudinal guide rail, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the first sliding plate, the top block is fixed on the second pressure sensor, and an inclined top is provided on the top block. The inclined top of the top block in the first shelling station is inclined from front to back and from top to bottom, and the inclined top of the top block in the second shelling station is inclined from front to back and from bottom to top.

5. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure between the cutting plate, the tool holder and the transverse lead screw slide is as follows: the transverse lead screw slide and the tool holder are respectively arranged on the top wall and the bottom wall of the cutting plate, a limited long hole is opened on the cutting plate, a connecting plate is arranged on the slide seat of the transverse lead screw slide, the connecting plate is connected to the tool holder after passing through the limited long hole, two horizontal guide rails are arranged on the side wall where the cutting plate is connected to the tool holder, two sliders are arranged on the tool holder, and the two sliders on the tool holder are respectively slidably clamped on the two horizontal guide rails, the tool holder in the first shelling station is arranged on the top wall of the cutting plate, the transverse lead screw slide is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate, the tool holder in the second shelling station is arranged on the bottom wall of the cutting plate, and the transverse lead screw slide is arranged on the top wall of the cutting plate.

6. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two fixing blocks are arranged on the knife holder, and convex shoulders are arranged on the two fixing blocks protruding upwards. The cutter is connected with the two fixing blocks through bolts, and the rear end wall of the cutter abuts against the convex shoulders of the two fixing blocks.

7. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A servo turntable is arranged on the machine base, a flange is connected to the servo turntable, and the turntable is connected to the flange.

8. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes: a second support frame, a second reduction motor, a second cam, a second connecting rod, a second sliding plate and a flat drag plate. The second support frame is fixed on the machine base, the second cam is rotatably arranged on the second support frame, the second reduction motor is fixed on the second support frame and is connected to the second cam, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the eccentric position of the second cam, the second sliding plate is rotatably arranged on the other end of the second connecting rod, a second longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the second support frame, the second sliding plate is slidably clamped on the second longitudinal guide rail, and the flat drag plate is arranged on the second sliding plate.

9. The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four columns are arranged around the machine base, and a safety grating transmitter and a safety grating receiver are arranged on each column. The safety grating transmitter and the safety grating receiver on every two adjacent columns correspond to each other.

10. A shelling method, characterized in that: The multi-station automatic water chestnut shelling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the steps are as follows: the water chestnut is placed on a loading mechanism of a loading station with the concave portion facing the loading mechanism, the clamping mechanism on the loading station clamps the water chestnut, the clamping mechanism on the loading station rotates to the first shelling station, the friction plate and the top block in the shelling mechanism on the first shelling station clamp the water chestnut, the concave portion on the water chestnut abuts against the friction plate, the friction plate moves forward to rub the water chestnut, so that the concave portion of the water chestnut is aligned with the cutting plate. The knives are aligned, and the cutter moves forward to cut and tear the shell on the concave part of the water chestnut. Then the clamping mechanism on the first shelling station rotates to the second shelling station, and the friction plate and the top block in the shelling mechanism on the second shelling station clamp the water chestnut, and the raised part on the water chestnut rests on the friction plate. The friction plate moves forward to rub the water chestnut, so that the raised part of the water chestnut is aligned with the cutter, and the cutter moves forward to cut and tear the shell on the raised part of the water chestnut. Finally, the clamping mechanism on the second shelling station rotates to the blanking station for blanking.

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