A high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-value regeneration system for battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste, which can efficiently receive and store the heat and electricity generated by the power generation module through the heat storage and energy storage module. The system uses electric energy to drive the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. Subsequently, by mixing the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor with the waste negative electrode material, the reaction module further adopts flash Joule heat treatment technology to achieve high-value regeneration of waste materials, thereby effectively improving the recycling rate of resources and reducing environmental pressure. In addition, the system also uses a burner to burn and recover the volatile gas generated by the reaction module to achieve efficient recycling of energy. This application not only improves the sustainability of the overall system by utilizing renewable energy and multi-organic solid waste, but also provides innovative ideas in waste treatment and improving the performance of energy storage devices, with good economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery negative electrode material recycling, and in particular to a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the global energy transition and sustainable development strategies, energy storage technology, as a key area supporting efficient energy utilization and green development, is experiencing rapid development. Lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, due to their excellent performance, are widely used in electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and grid regulation. However, as their use continues to rise, the accumulation of discarded batteries and supercapacitors is also growing exponentially. Traditional methods of recycling and processing battery anode materials are difficult to meet the requirements of sustainable development due to their high energy consumption, complex processes, and severe environmental pollution.

[0003] At the same time, improper disposal of large amounts of organic solid waste (biomass, plastics, etc.) leads to resource waste and environmental pressure. To address this issue, this patent proposes a multi-source solid waste-based battery anode high-value regeneration system. This innovative system incorporates organic solid wastes such as biomass and plastics into the regeneration process, synergizing them with waste anode materials to transform them into high-performance energy storage electrode materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste to solve the problems of high energy consumption and complex processes in existing waste battery and supercapacitor negative electrode material recycling methods.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, comprising:

[0008] Power generation module;

[0009] a heat and energy storage module connected to the power generation module for receiving and storing heat and electricity from the power generation module;

[0010] The reaction module is connected to the heat and energy storage module, and uses electric energy to perform low-temperature pyrolysis treatment on multi-organic solid waste to obtain a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. The precursor is then mixed with waste negative electrode materials and flash Joule heating treatment is performed to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material.

[0011] The burner is connected to the reaction module and is used to burn the volatile matter generated in the reaction module.

[0012] Preferably, the power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the thermal storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electrical energy in the thermal storage module or to directly drive the reaction module.

[0013] Preferably, the heat and energy storage module includes a phase change material, which can efficiently store and release heat energy within different temperature ranges.

[0014] Preferably, the reaction module includes a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, which is used to perform a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor;

[0015] Among them, the reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350℃~500℃, and the reaction pressure is 1MPa~15MPa.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, the biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo; the plastic includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene.

[0017] Preferably, the reaction module further comprises a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which comprises a flash Joule heat reactor and an atmosphere control box and an infrared temperature sensor respectively equipped therewith;

[0018] Among them, the flash Joule heat reactor is used to perform high-temperature treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage and energy storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule heat reactor; and the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor.

[0019] Preferably, the pulse current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 1A to 600A, the reaction time of the high temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, and the operating temperature range of the flash Joule heat reactor is 200°C to 4000°C.

[0020] Preferably, both the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit are provided with a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program, which can realize pyrolysis treatment in stages at multiple temperatures.

[0021] Preferably, the burner is also used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste, and the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

[0022] Preferably, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the power generation module, the heat storage module and the reaction module to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a high-value regeneration system for battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste, which efficiently stores the heat and electricity generated by the power generation module through the heat storage and energy storage module. The system uses electric energy to drive the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis of multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. Subsequently, after the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste negative electrode material are mixed, the reaction module adopts flash Joule heat treatment technology to achieve high-value regeneration of waste materials, effectively improve the resource recovery rate and effectively alleviate environmental pressure. At the same time, the system uses a burner to burn and recover the volatile gas generated by the reaction module to achieve the recycling of energy within the system. The overall system integrates energy recycling and material regeneration functions, significantly improves resource utilization efficiency, reduces the burden of waste on the environment, and demonstrates the innovative advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection. This application not only improves the sustainability of the overall system by utilizing renewable energy and multi-organic solid waste, but also provides innovative ideas in waste treatment and improving the performance of energy storage devices, with good economic and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a specific process flow chart of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] In response to the problems of high energy consumption and complex processes in existing methods of recycling waste batteries and supercapacitor negative electrode materials, this application proposes a high-value regeneration system for battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste. This high-value regeneration system for battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste utilizes waste from various sources such as biomass, plastics, waste batteries and supercapacitor negative electrode materials, and converts these materials into high-performance electrode materials through a comprehensive process. The power generation module provides energy support for the entire conversion process, achieving green self-sufficiency in energy and recycling of energy storage materials, thereby effectively reducing production costs and reducing environmental pollution. This application not only improves the sustainability of the overall system by utilizing renewable energy and waste materials, but also provides innovative ideas in waste treatment and improving the performance of energy storage devices, with good economic and environmental benefits.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 2 , Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 This is a specific process flow chart of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application; wherein, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided by the present invention includes a power generation module, a heat storage module, a reaction module and a burner, the heat storage module is connected to the power generation module, the reaction module is connected to the heat storage module, and the burner is connected to the reaction module;

[0031] The heat storage module is used to efficiently store the heat and electricity generated by the power generation module. The multi-source solid waste-based battery anode high-value regeneration system then uses electricity to drive low-temperature pyrolysis of the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based anode material precursor. Subsequently, by mixing the carbon-based anode material precursor with the waste anode material, the reaction module further utilizes flash Joule heating technology to achieve high-value regeneration of the waste material, thereby effectively improving resource recycling and reducing environmental pressure. Furthermore, the multi-source solid waste-based battery anode high-value regeneration system also uses a burner to recover volatile gases generated by the reaction module, achieving efficient energy recycling. In Example 1 of the present invention, the power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the heat storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste. The photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electricity in the heat storage module or to directly drive the reaction module, thereby providing diversified energy support and flexible energy distribution for the entire multi-source solid waste-based battery anode high-value regeneration system.

[0032] In Example 1 of the present invention, the thermal energy storage module stores heat and electrical energy from the power generation module to provide energy for the reaction module. The thermal energy storage module contains phase change materials, which can efficiently store and release heat energy within different temperature ranges, supporting long-term continuous operation. At the same time, the power reserve of the power generation module is used to continuously power the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module and provide instantaneous large current pulses for the flash Joule heat reaction unit, so as to ensure that various reactions in the reaction module can be carried out accurately and smoothly, making the operation of the entire battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste more reliable, efficient and stable.

[0033] In Example 1 of the present invention, the reaction module includes a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, which is respectively connected to the burner and the heat storage module. The electric energy provided by the heat storage module is used to perform a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on the biomass-plastic in a relatively low-temperature and high-pressure environment to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, which includes a graphite / graphene precursor.

[0034] The low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is designed for a reaction temperature range of 350°C to 500°C, while the reaction pressure is controlled within a range of 1MPa to 15MPa. These reaction conditions help precisely control the pyrolysis process of biomass-plastics, ensuring their desired conversion into the target product—carbon-based anode material precursors. This lays a solid foundation for the subsequent processing and regeneration of waste anode materials, ensuring the smooth and efficient implementation of the entire multi-source material battery anode regeneration process.

[0035] Specifically, multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, wherein biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo; plastics include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene. Such a diverse composition of raw materials, on the one hand, makes full use of various common and relatively widely available biomass resources. These biomasses are often residues or wastes from agricultural production, daily life and other processes. Utilizing them can achieve resource recycling and reduce waste. On the other hand, the selection of commonly used plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene is also based on the fact that they have a high amount of waste in life and the demand for recycling is more urgent. At the same time, they can synergize with biomass in subsequent low-temperature pyrolysis and other treatment processes to be converted into carbon-based negative electrode material precursors, thereby providing a suitable raw material basis for the regeneration of battery negative electrode materials, and promoting the entire battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste to better achieve the goals of waste resource reuse and green sustainable development.

[0036] In Example 1 of the present invention, the reaction module further includes a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which includes a flash Joule heat reactor, an atmosphere control box, and an infrared temperature sensor. The flash Joule heat reaction unit is suitable for processing waste graphite / graphene and carbon-based negative electrode material precursors to achieve rapid pyrolysis, recombination, and regeneration of the materials.

[0037] Among them, the flash Joule heat reactor is used to perform flash Joule heat treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage and energy storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule heat reactor; the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor.

[0038] Specifically, the core function of the flash Joule thermal reactor is to perform flash Joule thermal treatment on the waste negative electrode materials based on the instantaneous high current pulse provided by the heat storage module. This treatment method based on high current pulses can induce a violent thermal effect inside the waste negative electrode materials in a very short time, thereby triggering rapid pyrolysis and recombination reactions. The atmosphere control box is responsible for creating a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule thermal reactor. Such an environmental setting is crucial to avoid unnecessary chemical reactions such as oxidation of the material during high-temperature treatment, and can effectively ensure the purity and quality of the material processing. The function of the infrared temperature sensor is to accurately detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule thermal reactor. By monitoring the temperature data in real time, it is convenient to accurately control the entire flash Joule thermal reaction process to ensure that the reaction is carried out under appropriate temperature conditions.

[0039] Preferably, the pulse current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 1A to 600A, and the reaction time of the high temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, ensuring instantaneous and efficient pyrolysis and recombination of the material.

[0040] In terms of specific process parameters, the preferred instantaneous high-current pulse intensity is between 1A and 600A. At this current intensity, combined with a high-temperature rapid heating reaction time of 0.1ms to 5s, it ensures instantaneous and efficient pyrolysis and recombination of the material. This short-term, high-intensity treatment mode fully utilizes the advantages of flash Joule heating reactions, enabling the rapid conversion of waste materials into materials with recycling value.

[0041] The flash Joule heating reactor preferably operates at temperatures ranging from 200°C to 4000°C, making it suitable for processing a wide range of materials, including but not limited to waste graphite / graphene and carbon-based anode material precursors, to generate recycled graphite / graphene. This high-temperature treatment process can induce complex physical and chemical changes in these materials, ultimately generating recycled graphite / graphene. This opens up an efficient and feasible path for the recycling of waste battery anode materials, significantly improving resource recovery and reducing potential environmental hazards.

[0042] The material's electrical properties (coulombic efficiency in the first activation cycle and specific discharge capacity in the first cycle at 0.2C / 1C) are then used to determine whether the regenerated graphite / graphene meets commercial standards. Furthermore, both the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heating reaction unit feature a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction process, which allows for phased pyrolysis at multiple temperatures to improve intermediate product recovery and energy efficiency.

[0043] In Example 1 of the present invention, a burner is used to burn volatiles generated in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit, preheating the biomass-plastic to the minimum temperature of the pyrolysis reaction, thereby ensuring that the material reaches appropriate pretreatment conditions before entering the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit; wherein the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

[0044] Specifically, by burning these volatiles, a certain amount of heat can be released, and this heat will be used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste. The preheating link is of great significance. Its purpose is to increase the temperature of the multi-organic solid waste to the minimum temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction, thereby ensuring that the material has reached the appropriate pretreatment conditions before entering the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit. This is like making sufficient "warm-up" preparations for the subsequent pyrolysis reaction, which helps the pyrolysis reaction to proceed more smoothly and efficiently, so that the entire reaction process can proceed in the expected direction, and improve the quality and efficiency of the final product.

[0045] It is particularly important to note that the preheating temperature of the burner is between 100°C and 350°C. Within this temperature range, the multi-component organic solid waste can be effectively preheated, bringing its internal structure and other aspects to an initial state suitable for pyrolysis, while also avoiding the adverse effects on the raw materials caused by excessively high or low temperatures. For example, excessively high temperatures may cause premature decomposition of the raw materials or other unnecessary side reactions, while excessively low temperatures cannot achieve a good preheating effect and fail to meet the pretreatment conditions required for entry into the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit.

[0046] In Example 1 of the present invention, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, the flash Joule heat reaction unit, the heat storage and energy storage module and the power generation module, and monitor and adjust the temperature, pressure, current, voltage and atmosphere environment of each reaction unit and each module in real time to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

[0047] Specifically, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastics and waste battery negative electrode materials, to be converted into high-performance regenerated graphite through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above-mentioned regenerated graphite are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Convert solar energy into thermal energy through a solar thermal unit, and transfer the thermal energy to an energy storage module or use it to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; at the same time, convert solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit, and store the electrical energy in a thermal storage module or use it directly to drive a reaction module;

[0049] Step 2: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphite precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350°C, the reaction pressure is 5 MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 2:1.

[0050] Step 3: A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphite precursor and waste graphite (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphite precursor to the waste graphite is 1:4), and the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module rapidly heats the above mixture at a high temperature through an instantaneous high current pulse generated by the electrical energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2400°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 140A, and the reaction time is 1 second;

[0051] In addition, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also burns the volatile gases generated in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit through a burner, and preheats the multi-organic solid waste in step one to reach the minimum temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction. The preheating temperature of the burner is 200°C.

[0052] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphite is about 2100 kWh.

[0053] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphite prepared in Example 1 of the present invention were tested as follows: The regenerated graphite was used as the active material, mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The slurry was applied to a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass, and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours. The electrode was then placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorption during transfer. The electrode was then assembled into a CR2032 button cell in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-stamped metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC (ethylene carbonate): DMC (dimethyl carbonate): EMC (ethyl methyl carbonate) of 1:1:1.

[0054] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 0.2C in the first week was 396.2mAhg-1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 93.4%.

[0055] Comparative Example 1:

[0056] The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 1 utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and waste battery negative electrodes, and converts them into high-performance graphite through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphite are substantially the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being:

[0057] Step 2: The above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphite precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 400°C, the reaction pressure is 2MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 2:1.

[0058] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 1 is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphite is approximately 2700kWh.

[0059] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphite prepared in Comparative Example 1 were tested as follows: The regenerated graphite was used as the active material and mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated onto a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine. The slurry was then placed flat on tempered glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours and placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorption during transfer. The resulting electrode was then assembled into CR2032 button cells in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-stamped metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1.

[0060] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 0.2C in the first week was 381.5mAhg -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 91.8%.

[0061] Comparative Example 2:

[0062] The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 2 utilizes three types of waste: biomass, plastic, and waste battery negative electrodes, and converts them into high-performance graphite materials through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphite are substantially the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that:

[0063] Step three, by mixing the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and waste graphite to obtain a mixture (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphite precursor and the waste graphite is 1:4), the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module uses the instantaneous large current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to quickly heat the above mixture at high temperature to obtain regenerated graphite; wherein, the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2100°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 120A, and the reaction time is 1 second.

[0064] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 2 is: the energy consumption of regenerating one ton of battery negative electrode materials is about 2000kWh.

[0065] Furthermore, the electrical performance of the regenerated negative electrode material prepared in Comparative Example 2 was tested as follows: The resulting regenerated graphite was used as the active material. It was mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated onto a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine. The slurry was then placed flat on tempered glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours. The electrode was then placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorption during transfer. The resulting electrode was then assembled into CR2032 button cells in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-stamped metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1.

[0066] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 0.2C in the first week was 379.5mAhg -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 90.4%.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] Example 2 provides a high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, which utilizes three types of waste: biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are as follows:

[0069] Step 1: Solar energy is converted into thermal energy through a solar thermal unit, and the thermal energy is transferred to a thermal energy storage module or used to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; at the same time, solar energy is converted into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit, and the electrical energy is stored in a thermal energy storage module or directly used to drive a reaction module;

[0070] Step 2: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphene precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 400°C, the reaction pressure is 5 MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 3:1.

[0071] Step 3: A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphene precursor and waste graphene (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphene precursor to the waste graphene is 1:9), and the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module rapidly heats the above mixture at a high temperature through an instantaneous high current pulse generated by the electrical energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain regenerated graphene; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 3600°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 230A, and the reaction time is 1 second;

[0072] In addition, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also burns the volatile gases generated in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit through a burner, and preheats the multi-organic solid waste in step one to reach the minimum temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction. The preheating temperature of the burner is 200°C.

[0073] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 2 of the present invention is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphene is about 3800kWh.

[0074] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention were tested as follows: The resulting graphene was used as the active material and mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The slurry was applied to a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass, and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours. The electrode was then placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorbed during transfer. The electrode was then assembled into a CR2032 button cell in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the alkali metal sheet is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1.

[0075] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 1C in the first week was 538.6 mAh g -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 91.2%.

[0076] Comparative Example 3:

[0077] The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 3 utilizes three types of waste: biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are substantially the same as those in Example 2, except that:

[0078] Step 2: The above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphene precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 370°C, the reaction pressure is 2MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 3:1.

[0079] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 3 is: the energy consumption of regenerating one ton of graphene is about 3200kWh.

[0080] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Comparative Example 3 were tested as follows: The regenerated graphene was used as the active material and mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated onto a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass, and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours and placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorption during transfer. The electrode was then assembled into CR2032 button cells in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-stamped metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1.

[0081] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 1C in the first week was 522.3mAhg -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 88.5%.

[0082] Comparative Example 4:

[0083] The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 4 utilizes three types of waste: biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are substantially the same as those in Example 2, with the only difference being that:

[0084] A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphene precursor and waste graphene (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphene precursor to the waste graphene is 1:9). The flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module uses an instantaneous large current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to rapidly heat the above mixture at high temperature to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; wherein, the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2900°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 160A, and the reaction time is 1 second.

[0085] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 4 is: the energy consumption of regenerating one ton of graphene is about 3400kWh.

[0086] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Comparative Example 4 were tested as follows: The regenerated graphene was used as the active material and mixed with a conductive agent, acetylene black (AB), and a binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a mass ratio of 7:2:1. The mixture was stirred in a small beaker at 800 rpm for 2 hours using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent to produce a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated onto a current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine. The negative electrode was then placed flat on tempered glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4 hours. The resulting electrode was then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 105°C for 4 hours. The electrode was then placed in an argon-filled glove box with a moisture and oxygen content below 0.1 ppm for 4 hours to reduce moisture adsorption during transfer. The resulting electrode was then assembled into CR2032 button cells in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-stamped metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is a 1 mol / L LiPF6 electrolyte with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1.

[0087] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 1C in the first week was 513.4 mAh g -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 86.2%.

[0088] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 to 2, it can be seen that the electrical properties of the graphite obtained in Example 1 are better; comparing Example 2 with Comparative Examples 3 to 4, it can be seen that the electrical properties of the graphene obtained in Example 2 are better.

[0089] Chinese patent publication number CN202410991044.9 discloses a battery negative electrode recycling and regeneration method and application. The pyrometallurgical process involves calcining mixed graphite powder in an air atmosphere at 800-1100°C, followed by one to three washes with deionized water to produce regenerated graphite. The high-temperature calcination consumes a significant amount of energy, increasing recycling costs.

[0090] Chinese patent publication number CN202280022498.4 discloses a recycling technology for regenerating graphite anodes from retired batteries using flash Joule heating (FJH). This technology boasts high regeneration efficiency and minimal pollution. However, this patent focuses solely on the purification of retired graphite materials. Furthermore, due to the single nature of the reaction equipment, Joule heating recovery of graphite requires multiple high-power discharges, consuming significant energy. The resulting exhaust gas also lacks effective treatment, resulting in insufficient comprehensiveness and synergistic effects within the overall system.

[0091] In contrast, this patent has significantly improved and refined the performance and process flow of recycled graphite / graphene. Specifically, the present invention mixes biomass and plastic in a certain proportion, pyrolyzes them at a low temperature of 350°C to 500°C and a high pressure environment to prepare a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and then mixes the waste anode materials with them separately, and treats them using the flash Joule heating method. This innovation improves the electrochemical performance of recycled graphite / graphene. For example, the first-week discharge capacity is 13% higher than that of commercial graphite, and the coulombic efficiency is over 93%. In addition, the electricity used for the system established by this patent is provided by solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation units, and is equipped with energy storage and heat storage units, which improves the sustainability of the system. Through these innovations, this patent has achieved a comprehensive improvement in the overall system in terms of high-value regeneration of solid waste and energy conversion, and has higher practical value and environmental benefits.

[0092] The system integrates solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation units to achieve multi-energy conversion, and utilizes multiple organic solid wastes to synergistically transform into high-performance electrode materials, expanding the source of raw materials and making energy utilization and waste treatment more innovative and sustainable. Through the precise processing of low-temperature pyrolysis and flash Joule heat reaction units, high-performance material regeneration is achieved under specific temperature, pressure and current pulse conditions, improving the performance of negative electrode materials. The burner's recycling of volatiles and the overall process effectively increase resource recovery and utilization rates, reduce environmental burdens, and achieve outstanding economic and environmental benefits.

[0093] To address these shortcomings, the present invention provides a high-value battery anode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste. This system utilizes multiple organic solid wastes as carbon-based anode material precursors, combined with discarded battery or supercapacitor anode materials to produce high-performance regenerated anode materials. The advantages of this system are high-performance output of anode materials and efficient energy recycling. Its core reaction units include a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit (350°C to 500°C, 1MPa to 15MPa) and a flash Joule heating unit (200°C to 4000°C, 1A to 600A pulse current, 0.1ms to 5s). After pre-treating the blend of multiple waste materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, the high pulse current of the flash Joule heating unit achieves instantaneous, high-performance regeneration of the anode materials. Compared to conventional high-temperature treatment, this system not only reduces process energy consumption but also achieves high-performance material regeneration. The system's waste gas, generated during the reaction process, is treated by a burner, generating heat that preheats the solid waste. This achieves a highly efficient, green, and circular production process, enhancing the environmental benefits of the entire multi-source solid waste-based battery anode regeneration system. The graphite / graphene materials regenerated by this system exhibit higher conductivity, specific surface area, and first-cycle discharge capacity, demonstrating excellent coulombic efficiency and cycle stability, meeting the demands of high-performance energy storage applications.

[0094] Furthermore, the present invention provides a high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, which utilizes a power generation module (solar thermal / photovoltaic power generation unit) to convert light energy and heat energy to continuously supply the system operation, and the carbon-based negative electrode material precursors treated by the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit are mixed with the waste battery negative electrode material to regenerate into high-performance negative electrode materials. The regenerated graphite material / graphene material has higher conductivity, specific surface area and first-week discharge capacity, and can be applied to energy storage scenarios such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems, with broad market prospects. With the growth of battery recycling and environmental protection needs, the above-mentioned high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste has significant economic benefits in reducing production costs and improving the utilization rate of waste resources, and has a positive effect on environmental protection.

[0095] The market prospects of the technology applied for are broad, and it is mainly used in fields such as electric vehicles, grid energy storage, and renewable energy systems that have high requirements for electrode material performance. Through the high-value regeneration system of battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste supported by solar thermal / photovoltaic power generation units, the transformation of low-cost materials into high-performance graphite / graphene electrode materials is realized, providing a high-quality and sustainable option for the energy storage market. With the rapid growth of global demand for new energy vehicles and distributed grid energy storage, the market demand for electrode materials is increasing. This system is in line with the current policy orientation of the circular economy, and can effectively reduce dependence on natural graphite resources and alleviate the pressure of waste disposal. Therefore, this application has significant market potential. It not only has advantages in environmental protection and resource utilization efficiency, but also provides innovative solutions for cost optimization and sustainable development of the energy storage industry.

[0096] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, characterized in that: include: Power generation module; a heat and energy storage module, connected to the power generation module, for receiving and storing heat and electricity from the power generation module; A reaction module, connected to the heat and energy storage module, performs low-temperature pyrolysis of multi-component organic solid waste using electrical energy to obtain a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and further performs flash Joule heating treatment on the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and waste negative electrode material using electrical energy to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; The burner is connected to the reaction module and is used to burn the volatile matter generated in the reaction module.

2. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the thermal storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electrical energy in the thermal storage module or to directly drive the reaction module.

3. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat and energy storage module includes a phase change material, which can efficiently store and release heat energy within different temperature ranges.

4. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction module includes a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, which is used to perform low-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis on the multi-component organic solid waste to generate the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor; Wherein, the reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350°C~500°C, and the reaction pressure is 1MPa~15MPa.

5. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, wherein the biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo; and the plastic includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene.

6. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The reaction module further comprises a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which comprises a flash Joule heat reactor and an atmosphere control box and an infrared temperature sensor; Among them, the flash Joule heat reactor is used to perform high-temperature treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage and energy storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule heat reactor; the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor.

7. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pulse current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 1A to 600A, the reaction time of the high-temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, and the operating temperature range of the flash Joule heat reactor is 200°C to 4000°C.

8. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit are both provided with a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program, and the multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program can realize stage-by-stage processing at multiple temperatures.

9. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The burner is also used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste, and the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

10. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the power generation module, the heat and energy storage module and the reaction module to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

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