Arc-shaped aluminum veneer laser welding device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum product welding, in particular to an arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device, which comprises a welding platform, an image recognition module arranged on the welding platform and used for recognizing an arc-shaped aluminum single plate to be welded, two groups of fixing mechanisms arranged on the two sides of a welding seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate, a supporting piece, a pressing assembly and a power assembly, the supporting piece comprises a plurality of supporting wheels which slide on the welding platform, the pressing assembly is arranged on the welding platform and is arranged in correspondence with the supporting wheels, cooperates with the supporting wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate, the power assembly is used for driving the supporting wheels to slide, a control module is electrically connected with the image recognition module and is used for controlling the action of the pressing assembly and the power assembly to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate, and a laser welding mechanism is arranged on the welding platform and is used for welding the welding seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate. The application has the effect of reducing the influence of the welding process on the quality of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of aluminum product welding, and in particular to a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plates. BACKGROUND

[0002] Arc-shaped aluminum single plates are widely used in many fields such as modern architecture, aerospace and automobile manufacturing due to their light weight, high strength, good corrosion resistance and easy processing. However, in the actual processing process, the arc-shaped aluminum single plates are prone to collapse during laser welding due to their relatively soft material properties. This collapse not only causes the position of the workpiece to deviate during welding, making it difficult to accurately control the welding trajectory, but also causes the shape of the workpiece to deviate from the design requirements after welding, seriously affecting the quality of the product. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to reduce the influence of the welding process on the quality of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate, the application provides a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plates.

[0004] The laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plates provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plates comprises:

[0006] A welding platform forms a welding plane and is used to place the arc-shaped aluminum single plates after splicing;

[0007] An image recognition module is arranged on the welding platform and is used to identify the arc-shaped aluminum single plates to be welded;

[0008] Two sets of fixing mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the welding seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate and comprise a supporting member, a pressing assembly and a power assembly. The supporting member comprises a plurality of supporting wheels, the supporting wheels are arranged along the length direction of the welding seam, the supporting wheels slide on the welding platform, and the supporting wheels are used to support the arc-shaped aluminum single plate away from the welding platform. The pressing assembly is arranged on the welding platform and is arranged correspondingly with the supporting wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate in cooperation with the supporting wheels. The power assembly is arranged on the welding platform and is connected with the supporting wheels to drive the supporting wheels to slide.

[0009] A control module is arranged on the welding platform, is electrically connected with the image recognition module, receives the digital signal of the image recognition module, is electrically connected with the pressing assembly and the power assembly, and controls the action of the pressing assembly and the power assembly to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

[0010] A laser welding mechanism is arranged on the welding platform and is used to weld the welding seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when welding, the pre-spliced ​​curved aluminum veneer is first placed on the welding platform, with the welding seam located in the middle or on one side. The image recognition module identifies the curvature, height, and weld position of the aluminum veneer, and then transmits the information to the control module. The control module controls the action of the power component and the clamping component of the fixing mechanism, so that the support wheel and the clamping component cooperate to fix the aluminum veneer, and then welding is performed.

[0012] The sliding support wheel can adapt to the different curvatures of aluminum veneers; multi-point compression disperses stress and reduces the risk of welding deformation; the image recognition and control module realizes intelligent adjustment, and the setting of the fixing mechanism reduces the collapse of the aluminum veneer, making the welding process accurate, and can reduce the downward movement of the molten pool during welding, and reduce the deformation caused by heat collapse, thereby improving the quality of the aluminum veneer welding process.

[0013] Optionally, the pressing assembly includes:

[0014] A pressing frame slides on the welding platform and moves closer to or away from the support member;

[0015] A pressing roller is provided on the pressing frame, corresponds to the supporting member, and has a rotation axis parallel to the weld of the arc-shaped aluminum veneer;

[0016] A driving member is provided on the welding platform and connected to the pressing frame, and is used for driving the pressing frame to approach the supporting member.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when fixing the aluminum veneer, the power component is first used to drive the support wheel to support the aluminum veneer, and then the driving part is used to drive the pressing frame to slide. The pressing frame drives the pressing roller to approach and press the aluminum veneer against the support wheel, and then welding is performed. The line contact of the pressing roller reduces local stress concentration and adapts to aluminum plates of different thicknesses. With the assistance of the two, the collapse and deformation of the aluminum veneer caused by its own gravity and external force can be reduced, and the welding quality can be controlled.

[0018] Optionally, the pressing assembly further includes:

[0019] The partition belt is arranged on the pressing frame and is located on the side of the pressing roller close to the welding seam of the aluminum veneer.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, temperature isolation is formed between the pressure roller and the weld. The thermal insulation design can reduce heat conduction, reduce the heat-affected area of ​​welding, reduce the plastic deformation of the non-welding area, reduce the temperature rise of the non-welding area, and inhibit the warping caused by heat diffusion, thereby improving the quality of the finished welded product.

[0021] Optionally, a coiled cooling water pipe is provided in the partition strip, and the cooling water pipe is coiled parallel to the weld.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, it is arranged parallel to the weld to increase the heat exchange area, water cooling enhances the thermal insulation effect and improves the cooling efficiency; the partition strip is directly cooled to reduce the temperature gradient of the aluminum plate; the cooling water pipe is parallel to the weld, covering the heat-affected zone, and is arranged in a winding manner and parallel to the weld to form cooling zones with different gradients, forming gradient cooling, reducing the deformation of the aluminum single plate caused by excessive cooling speed or no gradient.

[0023] Optionally, the pressing assembly further includes:

[0024] The heat-resisting belt is arranged on the pressing frame and is located between the pressing roller and the partition belt.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, a multi-layer heat insulation structure (such as heat-insulating belts reflecting radiant heat) is used to block the residual heat from being transmitted to the pressure roller, thereby performing secondary heat insulation and reducing the probability of failure of the pressure roller due to high temperature. At the same time, it can reduce the expansion of the pressure roller, excessive extrusion of the aluminum veneer, and affecting the quality of the aluminum veneer.

[0026] Optionally, the pressing frame is further provided with a slag blocking assembly, and the slag blocking assembly includes:

[0027] A slag blocking frame is provided on the pressing frame;

[0028] The brush is arranged on the slag blocking frame and contacts the aluminum plate.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the brush + slag retainer can reduce the splash or welding slag from entering the pressing roller, reducing the damage to the pressing roller and the heat-resisting belt. The brush is elastic and can reduce the damage to the aluminum veneer during the pressing process, and it can maintain pressure by elastically contacting the aluminum veneer.

[0030] Optionally, the slag blocking frame slides on the pressing frame and moves closer to or away from the aluminum single plate, and is connected to a reset member, and the reset member drives the slag blocking frame to move away from or closer to the aluminum single plate;

[0031] The pressing frame is provided with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly includes:

[0032] a rack connected to the slag stop frame and sliding along with the slag stop frame;

[0033] A gear is coaxially connected to the pressing roller and meshes with the rack.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the gear rack and the sliding block link the slag stop frame and the pressing roller, and the reaction force received by the reset part and the brush is transmitted to the pressing roller, so that the pressing roller applies pressure to the aluminum veneer, which can balance the front and rear forces and has synchronization, and can reduce excessive force on the aluminum veneer and reduce damage to the aluminum veneer.

[0035] Optionally, the transmission assembly further includes:

[0036] A sliding frame slides on the pressing frame, and the partition belt or the heat-blocking belt is arranged on the pressing frame;

[0037] A transmission member connects the slag blocking frame and the sliding frame, and is used to drive the sliding frame to slide.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the partition tape / heat-blocking tape can complete the thermal insulation of the aluminum veneer during the downward pressing process, and can reduce the force exerted by the partition tape and the heat-blocking tape on the aluminum veneer, thereby reducing the damage to the aluminum veneer, the partition tape and the heat-blocking tape.

[0039] Optionally, the transmission member includes:

[0040] A driving block connected to the slag blocking frame and sliding along with the slag blocking frame;

[0041] A sliding block abuts against the driving block, and a driving surface is formed on the abutting end thereof;

[0042] The execution block slides on the clamping frame in the opposite direction to the sliding direction of the driving block, is connected to the sliding frame, and one end abuts against the sliding block, and an execution surface is provided on the abutting end. As the sliding block slides, it slides in the opposite direction to the driving block.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brush drives the slag stop frame to slide, the slag stop frame drives the driving block to slide, the driving block drives the sliding block to slide, the sliding block drives the execution block to move, and the execution block drives the sliding frame close to the aluminum veneer. The partition belt and the heat-blocking belt approach and contact the aluminum veneer to form a thermal isolation, thereby reducing heat transfer and plastic deformation, so that the welding quality of the aluminum veneer can be maintained.

[0044] Optionally, a welding control module is further provided on the welding platform, which is electrically connected to the image recognition module. The welding control module is used to compensate for the welding path according to the weld, and predict the deformation based on the heat accumulation model, thereby controlling the welding speed of the laser welding mechanism.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, welding parameters (such as power and speed) are adjusted according to real-time deformation prediction; weld offset caused by thermal deformation is reduced, and the welding quality of aluminum veneer is improved.

[0046] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0047] 1. The image recognition and control module achieves intelligent adjustment, and through the setting of the fixing mechanism, it reduces the collapse of the aluminum veneer, making the welding process accurate, and can reduce the downward movement of the molten pool during welding, and reduce the deformation caused by heat collapse, thereby improving the quality of the aluminum veneer welding process;

[0048] 2. The partition tape / heat-blocking tape can complete the thermal isolation of the aluminum veneer during the downward pressure process, and can reduce the force exerted by the partition tape and heat-blocking tape on the aluminum veneer, thereby reducing damage to the aluminum veneer, the partition tape and the heat-blocking tape;

[0049] 3. When the brush drives the slag stop frame to slide, the slag stop frame drives the driving block to slide, the driving block drives the sliding block to slide, the sliding block drives the execution block to move, and the execution block drives the sliding frame close to the aluminum veneer. The partition belt and the heat-blocking belt approach and contact the aluminum veneer to form a thermal isolation, thereby reducing heat transfer and plastic deformation, so that the welding quality of the aluminum veneer can be maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the welding device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a compression frame in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Magnified view of area A in the middle.

[0054] Figure markings: 100, welding platform; 200, fixing mechanism; 210, support member; 220, clamping assembly; 221, clamping frame; 222, clamping roller; 223, driving member; 224, partition belt; 225, heat-resisting belt; 230, power assembly; 231, first hinged rod; 232, second hinged rod; 233, electric push rod; 240, slag blocking assembly; 241, slag blocking frame; 242, brush; 243, reset member; 250, transmission assembly; 251, gear; 252, rack; 253, sliding frame; 254, driving block; 255, sliding block; 256, execution block; 257, driving surface; 258, execution surface; 260, adjustment seat; 270, sliding assembly; 300, laser welding mechanism; 400, support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following combination Figures 1 to 4 This application is described in further detail.

[0056] This embodiment discloses a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

[0057] Reference Figure 1The arc-shaped aluminum veneer laser welding device includes: a welding platform 100, an image recognition module, a fixing mechanism 200, a control module and a laser welding mechanism 300. The welding platform 100 serves as a base, provides a welding plane and carries various functional modules; the image recognition module is located above the platform and is used to scan the curvature of the aluminum veneer and the position of the weld; two groups of fixing mechanisms 200 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the weld, and the control module is integrated inside the platform, receives image data and controls the action of the fixing mechanism 200; the laser welding mechanism 300 is suspended above the platform to perform the welding operation; the pre-spliced ​​arc-shaped aluminum veneer is placed on the welding platform 100 to center or offset the weld; the image recognition module scans the curvature, height and weld coordinates of the aluminum veneer to generate three-dimensional data; the control module drives the fixing mechanism 200 to fix the aluminum veneer according to the data; the laser welding mechanism 300 moves along the weld trajectory, and dynamically adjusts the parameters through the heat accumulation model during the welding process; after the welding is completed, the clamping assembly 220 is reset and the finished product is taken out.

[0058] The welding platform 100 is made of high-strength alloy steel plates to ensure the accuracy of the reference plane; slide rails are provided on both sides of the platform, and the fixing mechanism 200 is set on the slide rails to achieve position adjustment; the image recognition module includes a CCD industrial camera (resolution 5μm) and a laser scanner, which are set in two groups. One group is installed on one side of the welding platform 100 to obtain the side image of the aluminum veneer, and the other group is connected to the welding mechanism to obtain the image of the welding side of the aluminum veneer; the arc radius, weld centerline coordinates and plate thickness data of the aluminum veneer are extracted through image processing algorithms (such as edge detection and point cloud fitting); the digital signal is transmitted to the control module via the RS485 bus.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The fixing mechanism 200 includes an adjusting seat 260, a support 210, a clamping assembly 220 and a power assembly 230; the slide rails on both sides are slidably connected with the adjusting seat 260, and the welding platform 100 is provided with a sliding assembly 270. The sliding assembly 270 can be a mechanical drive structure such as a motor screw, a piston cylinder, a motor rack and pinion combination, etc. In this embodiment, a piston cylinder is preferably used, and an electric push cylinder is selected. The cylinder body of the electric push cylinder is provided on the welding platform 100, and the piston rod is connected to the adjusting seat 260 to drive the adjusting seat 260 to slide along the slide rail; a plurality of groups of sliding grooves are provided on the adjusting seat 260, and the sliding grooves are provided in the vertical direction, and the plurality of groups of sliding grooves are provided along the center of the welding platform 100. The support members 210 are evenly distributed in the direction of the parts; each set of sliding grooves is provided with a support member 210, which is a support wheel and slides with the sliding groove. The support wheel includes a support rod and a wheel body, and the support rod is adapted to the sliding groove. The support rods in each set of sliding grooves are commonly connected with a connecting rod, so that multiple sets of support wheels can form a lifting gradient, which is convenient for adapting to the curvature of the aluminum veneer. This embodiment shows only one group; the wheel body is a polyurethane rubber-coated wheel with a diameter of 50mm and an adjustable wheel spacing (50-200mm); the clamping assembly 220 is arranged above the welding platform 100 and is arranged corresponding to the support wheel. The power assembly 230 is arranged on the adjustment seat 260 and is connected to the support rod to drive the support rod to slide.

[0060] In order to facilitate the rapid sliding of the support rod, the power component 230 uses a self-locking electric push rod 233, and the electric push rod 233 uses a screw-type electric push rod 233. The fixed end of the electric push rod 233 is fixedly connected to the adjustment seat 260, and the movable end of the electric push rod 233 is connected to the connecting rod, driving the electric push rod 233 to slide.

[0061] In other embodiments, the power assembly 230 also includes a first hinged rod 231 and a second hinged rod 232. One end of the first hinged rod 231 is rotatably connected to the movable end of the electric push rod 233, and a slot is provided at the other end. The slot is opened along the length direction of the first hinged rod 231, and the support rod slides in the slot. A card platform is integrally formed on the support rod, and the outer diameter of the card platform is larger than the width of the slot, so that when the first hinged rod 231 rotates, the support rod is driven to move upward; one end of the second hinged rod 232 is rotatably connected to the adjustment seat 260, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first hinged rod 231, and is located close to one end of the electric push rod 233, and is located at one quarter of the length direction of the first hinged rod 231.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A support frame 400 is set on the welding platform 100. Multiple support frames 400 can be set and extend to the upper side of the aluminum veneer. The pressing assembly 220 includes a pressing frame 221, a pressing roller 222, a driving member 223, a partition belt 224, a cooling system and a heat-resisting belt 225. Among them, the pressing frame 221 is made of aluminum alloy profiles, and a slide groove is formed on the support frame 400. A slider is connected to the slide groove. The slider is connected to the pressing frame 221. A driving member 223 is set on the support frame 400. The driving member 223 is a linear motor, which drives the pressing frame 221 to move along the Z axis; the pressing roller 222 is fixedly connected to the pressing frame 221, and a pressure sensor is set at the connection between the pressing roller 222 and the pressing frame 221 to detect the pressing force; the pressing roller 222 is steel with a ceramic-plated surface Roller, parallel to the support wheel axis; the partition belt 224 is arranged on the pressing frame 221, made of high-temperature resistant silicone, with a copper cooling water pipe (inner diameter 3mm) embedded inside, coiled in a serpentine shape along the direction of the weld, and the cooling water pipe is parallel to the weld, and coiled at least three times, the cooling water pipe away from the weld is the water inlet side, so that the temperature of the multiple cooling water pipes becomes lower and lower as they move away from the weld; the cooling water pipe is externally connected to a chiller (water temperature 20℃±2℃), the flow is adjusted by a solenoid valve, the flow rate is 0.5L / min, and it is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module can control and adjust the water flow rate; the heat-resisting belt 225 is arranged on the pressing frame 221, and is located between the pressing roller 222 and the partition belt 224. It adopts a composite structure of multi-layer aluminum foil reflective layer and aerogel, with a thickness of 5mm and a reflectivity ≥95%.

[0063] In other embodiments, the support frame 400 may be disposed on the adjustment seat 260 and move along with the adjustment seat 260 .

[0064] In other embodiments, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the welding platform 100, a sliding rail is set on the sliding plate, and the adjustment seat 260 slides on the sliding plate through the sliding rail. The sliding plate can slide to one side of the welding platform 100 to facilitate placing the aluminum single plate above the adjustment seat 260.

[0065] In other embodiments, in order to reduce the damage of welding slag or splashing to the partition belt 224 and the pressure roller 222, a slag stopping assembly 240 is also provided on the pressure frame 221. The slag stopping assembly 240 includes a slag stopping frame 241, a reset member 243 and a brush 242. The slag stopping frame 241 is installed at the front end of the pressure frame 221 through a linear guide rail and can slide up and down along the Z axis; and a reset member 243 is set between the pressure frame 221 and the slag stopping frame 241. The reset member 243 is a reset spring. The reset spring connects the pressure frame 221 and the slag stopping frame 241 and applies a thrust to the slag stopping frame 241, so that the slag stopping frame 241 slides in the direction away from the pressure frame 221; the brush 242 is adhered to the side of the slag stopping frame 241 close to the aluminum single plate, and has multiple clusters, and the end of the brush 242 abuts against the aluminum single plate; the brush 242 is a high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber brush, the contact pressure with the aluminum single plate is ≤10N, and is reset by a spring.

[0066] In order to drive the aluminum veneer to close when pressing the aluminum veneer, a transmission assembly 250 is provided on the slag blocking frame 241. The transmission assembly 250 includes a gear 251 and a rack 252. The gear 251 is coaxially fixedly connected to the pressing roller 222 and rotates synchronously. The rack 252 is fixedly connected to the slag blocking frame 241. The rack 252 slides on the pressing frame 221 in the vertical direction. The rack 252 is engaged with the gear 251. When the slag blocking frame 241 moves upward, the rack 252 is driven to slide, so that the gear 251 rotates. The gear 251 drives the pressing roller 222 to rotate, so that the aluminum veneer is squeezed into a weld.

[0067] In order to reduce the extrusion damage to the partition belt 224 and the heat-blocking belt 225 during the pressing process, a sliding frame 253 is slidably connected to the pressing frame 221, and the sliding frame 253 slides in the vertical direction. The partition belt 224 and the heat-blocking belt 225 are fixedly connected to the sliding frame 253. A transmission member is provided on the pressing frame 221, and the transmission member is connected to the slag blocking frame 241. When the slag blocking frame 241 moves, the sliding frame 253 is driven to slide, and the movement direction of the sliding frame 253 is opposite to that of the slag blocking frame 241; the transmission member includes a driving block 254, a sliding block 255 and an execution block 256. The driving block 254 is fixedly connected to the slag blocking frame 241 and is vertically arranged. The execution block 256 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 253 and is parallel to the driving block 254 The sliding block 255 is arranged in a sliding manner on the clamping frame 221, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the driving block 254. The two ends of the sliding block 255 correspond to the driving block 254 and the execution block 256 respectively, and one end of the sliding block 255 abuts against the driving block 254, and the abutting surface forms a driving surface 257. The driving surface 257 is arranged at an angle, and the end close to the driving block 254 is inclined in the direction away from the driving block 254, and the driving block 254 is tangent to the driving surface 257; the other end abuts against the execution block 256, and the abutting surface forms an execution surface 258. The execution surface 258 is arranged at an angle, and the end close to the execution block 256 is inclined in the direction away from the execution block 256, and the execution block 256 is tangent to the execution surface 258.

[0068] The laser welding mechanism 300 includes a laser head and a motion component. The laser head is a fiber laser (wavelength 1070nm, maximum power 6kW), equipped with a coaxial CCD to monitor the weld pool; the motion component is a six-axis robotic arm (repeat positioning accuracy ±0.02mm), the welding path is programmed and controlled by the CNC system, and motion control is performed through the control module.

[0069] The control module includes a main controller, which uses a PLC (such as Siemens S7-1200) to generate motion control instructions after receiving image data; it controls the linear motor, electric push rod 233, electric push cylinder, chiller and laser welding mechanism 300 through the EtherCAT bus; and has a built-in finite element thermal-mechanical coupling model to predict the deformation in real time based on the welding speed (0.5-2m / min) and laser power (1-4kW), and dynamically adjust the welding path offset (compensation range ±0.2mm).

[0070] Each module works together through electrical and mechanical linkage to achieve precise fixation and welding of curved aluminum panels.

[0071] In order to further improve the stability of the aluminum veneer, a force-applying assembly is provided on the pressure frame 221, and the force-applying assembly includes a sliding frame, a first clamping block and a second clamping block. The sliding frame is arranged between the slider and the pressure frame 221, and the sliding frame is connected to the slider. The pressure frame 221 slides on the sliding frame and slides in the vertical direction, and the sliding stroke is 2-5 mm, and the pressure frame 221 is connected to the slider through the sliding frame; the first clamping block is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, and the second clamping block is fixed on the pressure roller 222, and as the pressure roller 222 rotates, the second abutting block can abut against the first abutting block as it rotates, and the abutting surface of the second abutting block and the first abutting block is a wedge surface. As the aluminum veneer is pulled by welding, the second abutting block will apply force to the first abutting block, so that the pressure roller 222 presses the aluminum veneer.

[0072] When the brush 242 contacts the aluminum plate, the slag blocking frame 241 is pressed and moved backward, and the angle of the pressing roller 222 is fine-tuned through the gear-rack transmission, while driving the sliding block 255 to push the partition belt 224 close to the aluminum plate, forming a gradient cooling zone.

[0073] During the welding process, the heat accumulation model predicts deformation every 0.1s. If the predicted deformation exceeds 0.1mm, the welding speed is reduced by 10% and the cooling water flow rate is increased by 20%.

[0074] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: place the pre-spliced ​​curved aluminum veneer on the welding platform 100, adjust the position so that the weld is centered or offset according to the process requirements, start the electric push cylinder to drive the adjustment seats 260 on both sides to move along the slide rail, so that the support wheels are initially close to the bottom surface of the aluminum veneer; the spacing between the support wheels is adjusted through the sliding groove (50-200mm) to initially match the curvature of the aluminum veneer.

[0075] A side-mounted CCD camera scans the aluminum veneer's arc radius, height, and thickness; a laser scanner on the welding side acquires the coordinates of the weld centerline. An edge detection algorithm extracts the weld contour, and combined with point cloud fitting, generates 3D model data. This 3D data is transmitted to the control module (Siemens S7-1200 PLC) via the RS485 bus. Based on a finite element thermal-mechanical coupling model, the control module generates the welding path and dynamic compensation parameters. Electric push rods 233 drive the support rods up and down along the sliding trough, creating a gradient support pattern that matches the veneer's arc. Polyurethane-coated wheels (50 mm diameter) contact the aluminum sheet to prevent surface scratches. A linear motor drives the pressure frame 221 downward along the Z axis, and the pressure roller 222 (ceramic-coated steel roller) contacts the aluminum sheet. A pressure sensor provides real-time feedback on the pressure force (≤10 N). A rack-and-pinion transmission: As the slag retainer 241 moves upward, it drives the pressure roller 222 to fine-tune its angle, assisting in aligning the aluminum veneer seam.

[0076] 20°C cold water at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min flows through the barrier strip 224 (with an internal copper cooling water pipe). This serpentine-like structure coils along the weld seam, creating a gradient cooling zone. Heat-blocking tape 225 (aluminum foil + aerogel) is placed between the pressure roller 222 and the barrier strip 224, with a reflectivity of ≥95%, to reduce thermal radiation damage. A ceramic fiber brush 242, supported by a return spring, presses against the aluminum sheet surface with a contact pressure ≤10 N, blocking spatter. The slag retainer 241 moves backward, triggering the sliding block 255 to push the barrier strip 224 against the sheet, enhancing cooling efficiency. The welding mechanism (a 6kW fiber laser) is activated, and the six-axis robotic arm moves along a pre-set path with a repeatability of ±0.02 mm. A coaxial CCD monitors the molten pool in real time, predicting deformation every 0.1 seconds using a heat accumulation model. For deformation > 0.1 mm, the welding speed is reduced by 10% and the cooling water flow rate is increased by 20%. Laser power is dynamically adjustable (1-4kW), with path deviation compensation of ±0.2 mm. The slag retaining assembly 240 continuously cleans spatter, and the cooling system inhibits heat accumulation and reduces slag generation. The pinch rollers 222 rotate synchronously (gear-rack transmission) to assist in uniform fusion of the weld.

[0077] After welding is completed, the laser head is lifted, and the clamping frame 221, the supporting wheel and the slag blocking assembly 240 are automatically reset; the cooling water valve is closed, and the heat-blocking belt 225 and the partition belt 224 are separated from the surface of the aluminum plate.

[0078] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum veneer, characterized by: include: A welding platform (100) forms a welding plane for placing the spliced ​​curved aluminum veneer panels; An image recognition module, provided on the welding platform (100), for identifying the arc-shaped aluminum single plate to be welded; The fixing mechanism (200) is provided with two groups, which are respectively located on both sides of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate welding seam, and include a support member (210), a pressing assembly (220) and a power assembly (230), wherein the support member (210) includes a plurality of support wheels, the plurality of support wheels are arranged along the length direction of the welding seam, and the plurality of support wheels slide on the welding platform (100), and the support wheels are used to support the arc-shaped aluminum single plate away from the welding platform (100); the pressing assembly (220) is arranged on the welding platform (100), is arranged corresponding to the support wheels, and cooperates with the support wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; the power assembly (230) is arranged on the welding platform (100), is connected to the support wheels, and is used to drive the support wheels to slide; a control module, arranged on the welding platform (100), electrically connected to the image recognition module, for receiving digital signals from the image recognition module, electrically connected to the pressing assembly (220) and the power assembly (230), for controlling the actions of the pressing assembly (220) and the power assembly (230), thereby achieving fixation of the curved aluminum single plate; A laser welding mechanism (300) is provided on the welding platform (100) and is used for welding the weld seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; The pressing assembly (220) comprises: A pressing frame (221) slides on the welding platform (100) and moves closer to or farther from the support member (210); A pressing roller (222) is provided on the pressing frame (221), corresponds to the support member (210), and has a rotation axis parallel to the weld seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; A driving member (223) is provided on the welding platform (100), connected to the pressing frame (221), and used for driving the pressing frame (221) to approach the supporting member (210); The pressing frame (221) is further provided with a slag blocking assembly (240), and the slag blocking assembly (240) comprises: A slag blocking frame (241) is provided on the pressing frame (221); A brush (242) is provided on the slag blocking frame (241) and contacts the aluminum plate; The slag blocking frame (241) slides on the pressing frame (221) and moves closer to or farther from the aluminum single plate, and is connected to a reset member (243), and the reset member (243) drives the slag blocking frame (241) to move closer to or farther from the aluminum single plate; A transmission assembly (250) is provided on the compression frame (221), and the transmission assembly (250) comprises: A rack (252) is connected to the slag blocking frame (241) and slides along with the slag blocking frame (241); The gear (251) is coaxially connected to the pressing roller (222) and meshes with the rack (252).

2. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressing assembly (220) further includes: The partition belt (224) is arranged on the pressing frame (221) and is located on a side of the pressing roller (222) close to the weld of the aluminum veneer.

3. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A coiled cooling water pipe is provided in the partition strip (224), and the cooling water pipe is coiled parallel to the weld.

4. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (220) further includes: The heat-resistance belt (225) is arranged on the pressing frame (221) and is located between the pressing roller (222) and the partition belt (224).

5. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (250) further includes: A sliding frame (253) slides on the pressing frame (221), and the partition belt (224) and the heat-blocking belt (225) are both arranged on the sliding frame (253); A transmission member connects the slag blocking frame (241) and the sliding frame (253) and is used to drive the sliding frame (253) to slide.

6. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission member includes: A driving block (254) is connected to the slag blocking frame (241) and slides along with the slag blocking frame (241); A sliding block (255) abuts against the driving block (254), and a driving surface (257) is provided at the abutting end; The execution block (256) slides on the pressing frame (221) in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the driving block (254), is connected to the sliding frame (253), and one end abuts against the sliding block (255), and an execution surface (258) is provided on the abutting end. As the sliding block (255) slides, it slides in the opposite direction to the driving block (254).

7. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding platform (100) is also provided with a welding control module, which is electrically connected to the image recognition module. The welding control module is used to compensate for the welding path according to the weld seam and predict the deformation amount based on a heat accumulation model, thereby controlling the welding speed of the laser welding mechanism (300).

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