Three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions and recycling and rearranging method of three-anchor mooring system

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions and a recycling and relaying method of the three-anchor mooring system. A three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions comprises a first anchor point, a second anchor point and a third anchor point which are arranged on the seabed. The first monitoring equipment is arranged in seawater, the first monitoring equipment is connected with the first anchor point through a first pull rope, the first monitoring equipment is connected with the second anchor point through a second pull rope, and the first monitoring equipment is connected with the subsurface buoy through a third pull rope; the subsurface buoy is connected with the third anchor point through a fourth pull rope; at least one first acoustic releaser is mounted on the third pull rope, and the third pull rope is disconnected through the first acoustic releaser, so that the first monitoring equipment and the subsurface buoy float to the sea surface. The monitoring equipment can be stably tied, so that the monitoring equipment can resist deep water extreme sea conditions; the redistribution cost and the operation difficulty can be reduced, and the long-term data monitoring task of a specified sea area can be conveniently completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular to a three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions and a recovery and redeployment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea data monitoring is of great significance to marine topographic exploration and deep-sea energy positioning. As the exploration of the sea area expands and the water depth increases, the difficulty of deep-sea data monitoring is gradually increasing. For deep-sea data monitoring, buoy monitoring, satellite remote sensing, airborne detection and unmanned ship patrol are often used. These methods rely on the characteristics of different platforms to form a multi-dimensional monitoring network: satellite remote sensing achieves wide-area coverage through electromagnetic waves penetrating the water body, unmanned ships carry sonar equipment to perform high-precision scanning in near-shore shallow waters, and airborne equipment conducts fixed-point detection operations by deploying underwater robots. The buoy monitoring system, as a long-term resident observation platform, is fixed to the target sea area through an anchor chain and combined with acoustic sensors to achieve full-depth profile data collection and recording, becoming a key node in the deep-sea observation network.

[0003] In the prior art, the buoy monitoring system is deployed by setting up buoys with single or multiple anchor chains. The buoy monitoring system has good data monitoring effect in shallow water or on the water surface. However, when the water depth increases, the buoy monitoring is greatly affected by the environment. In extreme sea conditions, the anchor chain is prone to breakage and cable damage. For the recovery and deployment of buoys, underwater robots are often used to recover the buoys and detectors. Re-anchoring is required for re-deployment, and the cost of recovery and re-deployment is high.

[0004] In summary, considering the ultra-deep water depth and extreme sea conditions in deep-sea areas, there is an urgent need for a mooring system that can withstand extreme deep-water conditions, has low recovery and redeployment costs, and is not difficult to operate, so as to complete the long-term data monitoring tasks in designated sea areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings in the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a three-anchor mooring system for withstanding extreme sea conditions and a recovery and redeployment method thereof. By setting three anchor points distributed in a triangle, the monitoring equipment can be stably fastened, thereby ensuring that the monitoring equipment can withstand extreme deep-water conditions. At the same time, the recovery and redeployment operation steps are simple and easy, which can reduce the redeployment cost and operation difficulty, and facilitate the completion of long-term data monitoring tasks in designated sea areas.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions, comprising a first anchor point, a second anchor point and a third anchor point arranged on the seabed, wherein the first anchor point, the second anchor point and the third anchor point are distributed in a triangle;

[0008] and a first monitoring device arranged in the seawater, wherein the first monitoring device is connected to the first anchor point via a first pull rope, the first monitoring device is connected to the second anchor point via a second pull rope, the first monitoring device is connected to the submerged buoy via a third pull rope, and the submerged buoy is connected to the third anchor point via a fourth pull rope;

[0009] At least one first acoustic releaser is installed on the third pull rope. The first acoustic releaser disconnects the third pull rope in response to an acoustic signal, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first monitoring device and the third anchor point, thereby allowing the first monitoring device and the buoy to float to the sea surface.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The third pull rope is connected to the submerged buoy via a shackle device.

[0012] The structure of the shackle device is as follows: it comprises a mother-and-child sleeve, the mother-and-child sleeve comprises a mother sleeve and a child sleeve arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the mother sleeve, the child sleeve is provided with a through hole along the axial direction, and a buckle is installed in the through hole;

[0013] A buckle hole is provided on the wall surface of the through hole, and a spring plate corresponding to the buckle hole is provided on the side wall surface of the buckle;

[0014] When the spring plate is engaged in the buckle hole, the buckle and the mother-and-child sleeve are engaged;

[0015] When the spring plate escapes from the buckle hole, the buckle is separated from the mother-and-child sleeve.

[0016] Both ends of the through hole are in a trumpet shape.

[0017] The first pull rope, the second pull rope, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope are all Kevlar pull ropes.

[0018] The second pull rope is connected to a second monitoring device, and the second monitoring device is close to the seabed.

[0019] The second monitoring device is electrically connected to the first monitoring device via a cable, and the cable is fixed to the second pull rope in a segmented bundling manner.

[0020] A recovery and redeployment method based on the above three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions, wherein the three-anchor mooring system is equipped with an engineering vessel, a crane and a winch are arranged on the engineering vessel, and a fiber rope is wound around the winch;

[0021] Step 1: When the three-anchor mooring system is recovered, the following steps are included:

[0022] Activate the first acoustic releaser to disconnect the third pull rope, so that the first monitoring device and the submerged buoy float to the sea surface respectively, and at this time, the shackle device is connected to the submerged buoy;

[0023] Step 2: Recover the first monitoring equipment floating on the sea surface by using an engineering ship;

[0024] When the three-anchor mooring system is redeployed, the following steps are included:

[0025] Step 1: prepare a new third pull rope and a new first acoustic releaser, and install the new first acoustic releaser on the new third pull rope;

[0026] Step 2: Separate the buckle from the mother-and-child sleeve on the sea surface, and then pass the end of the fiber rope through the through hole to connect it to the buckle;

[0027] Connect one end of the new third pull rope to the first monitoring device, and connect the other end of the new third pull rope to the mother-child sleeve;

[0028] Step 3: Lift the submerged buoy floating on the sea surface by a crane, install a second acoustic releaser on the fiber rope connected to the buckle, and after the second acoustic releaser is installed, lower the submerged buoy again by a crane;

[0029] Step 4: Recover the winding fiber rope through the winch, so that the buckle and the mother-and-child sleeve are close to each other, thereby driving the first monitoring device and the buoy to approach each other;

[0030] Step 5: After the second acoustic releaser passes through the through hole, the buckle enters the through hole until the spring plate is engaged in the buckle hole, and the mother-and-child sleeve and the buckle are engaged, activating the second acoustic releaser, disconnecting the fiber rope, and recovering the excess fiber rope through the winch.

[0031] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0032] Both ends of the buckle are respectively provided with hanging rings.

[0033] One eye is used to connect with the fiber rope, and the other eye is used to connect with the buoy through the cable.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By adopting a three-anchor arrangement, the motion response of the first monitoring device, the buoy and the first acoustic releaser under extreme sea conditions can be effectively limited, thereby improving the stability of the entire system and the accuracy of the monitoring data. Through the simple recovery and redeployment method of the present invention, there is no need to rearrange the anchor points, and the operation is simple, convenient and of low difficulty, which effectively saves engineering costs and facilitates the completion of long-term data monitoring tasks in designated sea areas.

[0036] The three-anchor mooring system of the present invention has high stability. The three-anchor design can reduce the motion response of the submerged buoy and the first monitoring device under extreme sea conditions, thereby improving the fatigue life of the entire mooring system and the accuracy of the monitoring data. If ultra-extreme sea conditions are encountered, the third pull rope is disconnected by the first acoustic releaser, thereby converting the three-anchor system into a double-anchor system and a single-anchor system, releasing the constraint of the submerged buoy on the first monitoring device, reducing the load on the pull rope, and further improving the system's ability to withstand ultra-extreme sea conditions.

[0037] The three-anchor mooring system of the present invention is easy to install. After pre-installation on shore, the installation can be completed by dropping anchor points at designated positions in the sea.

[0038] In the three-anchor mooring system of the present invention, the cable is fixed by adopting a segmented bundling method, which can enable the second pull rope to share the weight of the cable to reduce the tension on the top end point of the cable, thereby extending the service life of the cable; at the same time, fixing the cable on the second pull rope can avoid the problem of multiple lines interfering with each other under severe sea conditions.

[0039] The recovery and redeployment method of the present invention is based on the first acoustic release device and can complete the recovery simply and quickly; based on the second acoustic releaser and the shackle device, the redeployment of the mooring system can be completed by releasing the two, without the need for re-anchoring, which effectively reduces the difficulty of the operation and the engineering cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shackle device in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the buckle and the fiber rope in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention in working state Figure 1 .

[0045] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention in working state Figure 2 .

[0046] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention in working state Figure 3 .

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention in working state Figure 4 .

[0048] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the three-anchor mooring system in the present invention in working state Figure 5 .

[0049] Among them: 1. First monitoring equipment; 2. Second monitoring equipment; 3. First anchor point; 4. Second anchor point; 5. Third anchor point; 6. First acoustic releaser; 7. Second acoustic releaser; 8. Cable; 9. Shackle device; 10. Buoy; 11. Fiber rope;

[0050] 901, mother sleeve; 902, daughter sleeve; 903, buckle; 904, buckle hole; 905, spring plate; 906, through hole; 907, lifting ring; 908, cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions of this embodiment comprises a first anchor point 3, a second anchor point 4 and a third anchor point 5 arranged on the seabed, the first anchor point 3, the second anchor point 4 and the third anchor point 5 are distributed in a triangle; and a first monitoring device 1 arranged in the seawater, the first monitoring device 1 and the first anchor point 3 are connected by a first pull rope, the first monitoring device 1 and the second anchor point 4 are connected by a second pull rope, the first monitoring device 1 and the submerged buoy 10 are connected by a third pull rope, and the submerged buoy 10 and the third anchor point 5 are connected by a fourth pull rope; at least one first acoustic releaser 6 is installed on the third pull rope, and the first acoustic releaser 6 disconnects the third pull rope in response to an acoustic signal, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first monitoring device 1 and the third anchor point 5, and then the first monitoring device 1 and the submerged buoy 10 are both floated to the sea surface. By adopting the arrangement of three anchors, this embodiment can effectively limit the motion response of the first monitoring device 1, the submerged buoy 10 and the first acoustic releaser 6 under extreme sea conditions, thereby improving the stability of the entire system and the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0053] By providing one or more first acoustic releasers 6, it is ensured that the third pull rope can be disconnected when the first monitoring device 1 needs to be recovered.

[0054] The third pull rope is connected to the buoy 10 via a shackle device 9. By providing the shackle device 9, the subsequent operation of recovering and deploying the first monitoring device 1 is facilitated.

[0055] like Figure 3-Figure 4As shown, the structure of the detachable buckle device 9 is as follows: it includes a mother-and-child sleeve, the mother-and-child sleeve includes a mother sleeve 901, and a sub-sleeve 902 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the mother sleeve 901, a through hole 906 is axially opened on the sub-sleeve 902, and a buckle 903 is installed in the through hole 906; a buckle hole 904 is opened on the wall surface of the through hole 906, and a spring plate 905 corresponding to the buckle hole 904 is arranged on the side wall surface of the buckle 903; when the spring plate 905 is embedded in the buckle hole 904, the buckle 903 and the mother-and-child sleeve are engaged; when the spring plate 905 is removed from the buckle hole 904, the buckle 903 is separated from the mother-and-child sleeve. The mother-and-child sleeve and the buckle 903 are connected by a snap connection method, which is convenient for disassembly, and after the engagement, the connection stability between the first monitoring device 1 and the buoy 10 can also be guaranteed.

[0056] The two ends of the through hole 906 are both trumpet-shaped. The through hole 906 is provided with trumpet-shaped ends, and the two ends are symmetrical, so that the buckle 903 can be easily inserted into the through hole 906, and the trumpet-shaped ends have a guiding effect on the spring plate 905, so that the spring plate 905 can be elastically deformed, and the spring plate 905 will be ejected when it reaches the buckle hole 904.

[0057] The first, second, third and fourth pull ropes are all made of Kevlar ropes. Kevlar ropes are resistant to chemical corrosion and have good mechanical properties. They are widely used in marine scientific investigations, deep-sea resource development, marine engineering and other fields.

[0058] The second pull rope is connected with a second monitoring device 2, and the second monitoring device 2 is close to the seabed. The second monitoring device 2 is used to monitor the seabed environment.

[0059] The second monitoring device 2 is electrically connected to the first monitoring device 1 via a cable 8, and the cable 8 is fixed to the second pull rope in a segmented bundling manner. The segmented bundling method can make the second pull rope share the weight of the cable 8, so as to reduce the tension on the top end of the cable 8, thereby extending the service life of the cable 8; at the same time, fixing the cable 8 on the second pull rope can avoid the problem of multiple lines interfering with each other in severe sea conditions.

[0060] The first monitoring device 1 is equipped with a first buoyancy material, and the volume V1 of the first buoyancy material satisfies the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] In the above formula, ρ k Indicates the mass per meter of Kevlar rope;

[0063] l1 represents the length of the first pull rope;

[0064] l2 represents the length of the second pull rope;

[0065] l3 represents the length of the third pull rope;

[0066] ρ c Indicates the mass per meter of the cable 8;

[0067] c represents the length of the cable 8;

[0068] M v represents the total mass of the first acoustic releaser 6 installed on the third pull rope;

[0069] ρ w Indicates the density of seawater;

[0070] The buoy 10 is equipped with a second buoyancy material, and the volume V2 of the second buoyancy material satisfies the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] In the above formula, ρ k Indicates the mass per meter of Kevlar rope;

[0073] l4 represents the length of the fourth pull rope;

[0074] M c Indicates the mass of the shackle device 9;

[0075] ρ w Indicates the density of seawater;

[0076] In addition, it is also necessary to ensure that the first pull rope, the second pull rope, and the fourth pull rope have sufficient length, and the length relationship between the three satisfies the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] In the above formula, l1 represents the length of the first pull rope;

[0079] l2 represents the length of the second pull rope;

[0080] l3 represents the length of the third pull rope;

[0081] h represents the depth of sea water (i.e. the vertical distance from the sea surface to the seabed);

[0082] s represents the horizontal distance between the first anchor point 1 and the second anchor point 2. Assuming that the position coordinates of the first anchor point 1 are (x1, y1) and the position coordinates of the second anchor point 2 are (x2, y2), then

[0083] The anchor point placement, rope length and buoyancy provided by the buoyancy material are adjusted according to the requirements of different levels of sea conditions in combination with the above formula. Hydrodynamic analysis software can be used in specific engineering design to find the configuration design with the minimum motion response of the buoy under the corresponding sea conditions through sensitivity analysis.

[0084] When the three-anchor mooring system is deployed for the first time, the pre-installation of the entire system can be completed on the shore. After the pre-installation is completed, the entire system is towed and dropped to the sea by the engineering ship, and then the end of the first pull rope is connected to the first anchor block, the end of the second pull rope is connected to the second anchor block, and the end of the fourth pull rope is connected to the third anchor block. Subsequently, the first anchor block, the second anchor block and the third anchor block are respectively dropped to the designated sea area by the engineering ship, thereby forming the corresponding first anchor point 3, the second anchor point 4 and the third anchor point 5 on the seabed, and the deployment is completed. The first deployment step is simple, the operation difficulty is low, and the deployment cost is low.

[0085] The present embodiment is based on the above-mentioned recovery and redeployment method of the three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions. The three-anchor mooring system is equipped with an engineering ship, a crane and a winch are arranged on the engineering ship, and a fiber rope 11 is wound around the winch;

[0086] Step 1: When the three-anchor mooring system is recovered, the following steps are included:

[0087] Activate the first acoustic releaser 6, thereby disconnecting the third pull rope, so that the first monitoring device 1 and the submerged buoy 10 float to the sea surface respectively. At this time, the shackle device 9 is connected to the submerged buoy 10;

[0088] Step 2: Recover the first monitoring device 1 floating on the sea surface by using an engineering ship;

[0089] The redeployment of the three-anchor mooring system includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: prepare a new third pull rope and a new first acoustic releaser 6, and install the new first acoustic releaser 6 on the new third pull rope;

[0091] Step 2: Separate the buckle 903 from the mother-and-child sleeve on the sea surface, and then pass the end of the fiber rope 11 through the through hole 906 to connect with the buckle 903; specifically, both ends of the buckle 903 are respectively installed with lifting rings 907, one lifting ring 907 is used to connect with the fiber rope 11, and the fiber rope 11 is connected to the buckle 903 through the lifting ring 907; the other lifting ring 907 is used to connect with the submerged buoy 10 through the cable 908, and the submerged buoy 10 is connected to the buckle 903 through the lifting ring 907;

[0092] Connect one end of the new third pull rope to the first monitoring device 1, and connect the other end of the new third pull rope to the mother-child sleeve;

[0093] Step 3: Lift the submerged buoy 10 floating on the sea surface by a crane, install the second acoustic releaser 7 on the fiber rope 11 connected to the buckle 903, and after the second acoustic releaser 7 is installed, lower the submerged buoy 10 again by a crane;

[0094] Step 4: The winding fiber rope 11 is recovered by a winch, so that the buckle 903 and the mother-and-child sleeve are brought closer to each other, thereby driving the first monitoring device 1 and the buoy 10 to move closer to each other;

[0095] Step 5: After the second acoustic releaser 7 passes through the through hole 906, the buckle 903 enters the through hole 906 until the spring plate 905 is engaged in the buckle hole 904. The mother-and-child sleeve and the buckle 903 are engaged, activating the second acoustic releaser 7, disconnecting the fiber rope 11, and recovering the excess fiber rope 11 through the winch.

[0096] The recovery and redeployment method of this embodiment does not require the re-arrangement of the anchor points, and is simple, convenient, and low in difficulty to operate, effectively saving engineering costs and facilitating the completion of long-term data monitoring tasks in designated sea areas.

[0097] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions, characterized in that: It comprises a first anchor point (3), a second anchor point (4) and a third anchor point (5) arranged on the seabed, wherein the first anchor point (3), the second anchor point (4) and the third anchor point (5) are distributed in a triangular shape; and a first monitoring device (1) arranged in the seawater, wherein the first monitoring device (1) is connected to a first anchor point (3) via a first pull rope, the first monitoring device (1) is connected to a second anchor point (4) via a second pull rope, the first monitoring device (1) is connected to a submerged buoy (10) via a third pull rope, and the submerged buoy (10) is connected to the third anchor point (5) via a fourth pull rope; At least one first acoustic releaser (6) is installed on the third pull rope, and the first acoustic releaser (6) disconnects the third pull rope in response to an acoustic signal, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first monitoring device (1) and the third anchor point (5), thereby allowing the first monitoring device (1) and the buoy (10) to float to the sea surface.

2. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pull rope is connected to the buoy (10) via a shackle device (9).

3. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structure of the shackle device (9) is as follows: it comprises a mother-and-child sleeve, the mother-and-child sleeve comprises a mother sleeve (901) and a child sleeve (902) arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the mother sleeve (901), the child sleeve (902) is provided with a through hole (906) in the axial direction, and a buckle (903) is installed in the through hole (906); A buckle hole (904) is provided on the wall surface of the through hole (906), and a spring plate (905) corresponding to the buckle hole (904) is provided on the side wall surface of the buckle (903); When the spring plate (905) is engaged in the buckle hole (904), the buckle (903) and the mother-and-child sleeve are engaged with each other; When the spring plate (905) is released from the buckle hole (904), the buckle (903) is separated from the mother-and-child sleeve.

4. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the through hole (906) are trumpet-shaped.

5. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pull rope, the second pull rope, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope are all Kevlar pull ropes.

6. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pull rope is connected to a second monitoring device (2), and the second monitoring device (2) is close to the seabed.

7. The three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second monitoring device (2) is electrically connected to the first monitoring device (1) via a cable (8), and the cable (8) is fixed to the second pull rope in a segmented bundling manner.

8. A method for recovering and redeploying a three-anchor mooring system for resisting extreme sea conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-anchor mooring system is equipped with an engineering vessel, on which a crane and a winch are arranged, and a fiber rope (11) is wound around the winch; Step 1: When the three-anchor mooring system is recovered, the following steps are included: Activating the first acoustic releaser (6) to disconnect the third pull rope, so that the first monitoring device (1) and the submerged buoy (10) respectively float to the sea surface, at which time the shackle device (9) is connected to the submerged buoy (10); Step 2: Recover the first monitoring device (1) floating on the sea surface by using an engineering vessel; When the three-anchor mooring system is redeployed, the following steps are included: Step 1: prepare a new third pull rope and a new first acoustic releaser (6), and install the new first acoustic releaser (6) on the new third pull rope; Step 2: Separate the buckle (903) from the mother-and-child sleeve on the sea surface, and then pass the end of the fiber rope (11) through the through hole (906) to connect with the buckle (903); Connecting one end of the new third pull rope to the first monitoring device (1), and connecting the other end of the new third pull rope to the mother-child sleeve; Step 3: Lift the submerged buoy (10) floating on the sea surface by means of a crane, install a second acoustic releaser (7) on the fiber rope (11) connected to the buckle (903), and after the second acoustic releaser (7) is installed, lower the submerged buoy (10) again by means of a crane; Step 4: The winding fiber rope (11) is recovered by a winch, so that the buckle (903) and the mother-and-child set are brought closer to each other, thereby driving the first monitoring device (1) and the buoy (10) to move closer to each other; Step 5: After the second acoustic releaser (7) passes through the through hole (906), the buckle (903) enters the through hole (906) until the spring plate (905) is engaged in the buckle hole (904), and the mother-and-child sleeve and the buckle (903) are engaged, activating the second acoustic releaser (7), so that the fiber rope (11) is disconnected, and the excess fiber rope (11) is recovered by the winch.

9. The recovery and redeployment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the buckle (903) are respectively provided with hanging rings (907).

10. The recovery and redeployment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: One lifting ring (907) is used to connect with the fiber rope (11), and the other lifting ring (907) is used to connect with the buoy (10) through the cable (908).

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