An independent floating solar desalination device based on interface evaporation

Abstract

The present invention discloses an independent floating solar desalination device based on interface evaporation, belonging to the technical field of seawater desalination devices. The device comprises multiple desalination device bodies, each connected to a water reservoir via a freshwater outlet pipe. The desalination device bodies include an evaporator base, a solar evaporator disposed within the evaporator base, a freshwater collection area fixedly connected to and connected to the outside of the evaporator base, a light-transmitting condensation cover disposed on the top of the freshwater collection area, an outlet disposed on one side of the freshwater collection area, the outlet being connected to the freshwater outlet pipe, and a solenoid valve disposed outside the outlet. The device can independently float on the sea surface to perform solar interface seawater evaporation, eliminating the need for seawater replenishment and the need to transport seawater to land. The large-scale array desalination device significantly improves the production efficiency of solar desalination, achieving the goal of industrial application and high-capacity operation that currently cannot be automated in the desalination field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination devices, and in particular relates to an independent floating solar seawater desalination device based on interface evaporation. Background Art

[0002] Desalination technology is one of the most effective solutions to the global freshwater crisis. However, traditional desalination technologies (such as reverse osmosis, membrane processes, and distillation) are environmentally polluting and energy-intensive. Therefore, while addressing the freshwater shortage, we must shift our focus to clean energy sources. In recent years, solar distillation, powered by solar energy, has garnered increasing attention due to its CO2-free freshwater production and its clean, energy-efficient nature. Solar distillation, the earliest solar desalination method, utilizes solar radiation to directly heat seawater for evaporation. However, traditional disc-type solar distillation units suffer from excessive total heat capacity, low operating temperatures, low evaporation efficiency, and limited water production. Compared to traditional desalination technologies, solar interfacial evaporation offers simpler equipment, lower costs, and a greener, more environmentally friendly approach, requiring no fossil fuels. In recent years, it has been recognized as one of the most promising alternatives to traditional desalination technologies. Most current seawater desalination methods require the use of water pumps and other water intake mechanisms to pump seawater into the desalination tank, and then use sunlight to desalinate the seawater. The process of pumping seawater into the desalination tank consumes a large amount of electricity, resulting in the desalination process being not energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an independent floating solar seawater desalination device based on interface evaporation to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an independent floating solar seawater desalination device based on interface evaporation, comprising a plurality of seawater desalination device bodies, wherein the seawater desalination device bodies are connected to a water reservoir via a freshwater outlet pipe, the seawater desalination device bodies include an evaporator base, wherein a solar evaporator is provided in the evaporator base, and a freshwater collection area is fixedly connected to and connected to the outside of the evaporator base, wherein a light-transmitting condensation cover is provided on the top of the freshwater collection area, and a water outlet is provided on one side of the freshwater collection area, wherein the water outlet is connected to the freshwater outlet pipe, an electromagnetic valve is provided outside the water outlet, and a sensor is provided in the freshwater collection area.

[0005] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the top surface of the fresh water collection area, the bottom of the light-transmitting condensation cover is located in the annular groove, a plurality of annular groove through holes are provided at equal intervals in the annular groove, and the annular groove through holes are connected to the fresh water collection area.

[0006] Preferably, the solar evaporator is an aerogel structure with low mass density, high porosity, large specific surface area and low thermal conductivity.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of first connecting plates are fixedly connected at equal circumferential intervals to the outer top of the evaporator base support, and first connecting plate through holes are provided on the first connecting plates. A plurality of second connecting plates are fixedly connected at equal axial intervals in the fresh water collection area, and second connecting plate through holes are provided on the second connecting plates. The first connecting plate through holes and the second connecting plate through holes located at the same vertical position are connected by bolts and nuts.

[0008] Preferably, a porous water-absorbing substrate is provided in the bottom support of the evaporator, and a light-heat conversion material is provided on the top surface of the porous water-absorbing substrate.

[0009] Preferably, the photothermal conversion material includes one or more of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanographite powder, polydopamine, graphene and polypyrrole.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom surface of the evaporator base is provided with a plurality of evaporator base through holes.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor includes a base, and a shielding material, an acoustic material and pins are respectively provided on the base.

[0012] Preferably, the solenoid valve includes a valve body, and an inlet connection end and an outlet connection end are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the valve body, the inlet connection end is connected to the water outlet, and the outlet connection end is connected to the fresh water outlet pipe, and a plunger is provided on the top surface of the valve body, and a wire and an orifice are respectively provided on the top of the plunger.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: when desalinating seawater, a swimming ring-shaped freshwater collection area enables the device to float on the sea surface; the evaporator bottom support is immersed in the sea surface to a certain depth, and the seawater is transferred to the inside of the porous water-absorbing substrate through capillary action; the upper surface of the solar evaporator is an evaporation interface with high light absorbency, and the lower part is a porous water-absorbing substrate structure; the substrate structure transports seawater to the evaporation interface, and utilizes efficient photothermal conversion materials to absorb solar radiation energy, so that the temperature of the upper surface of the porous water-absorbing substrate increases, and the seawater inside the photothermal conversion layer is evaporated by high temperature to form freshwater vapor, which floats up and acts on the surface of the light-transmitting condensation cover to condense into freshwater droplets, thereby achieving the purpose of producing fresh water from seawater; by arranging a plurality of seawater desalination devices on the sea surface in an array manner using a freshwater collection main pipe and a plurality of freshwater birth pipes, and utilizing sensor signals to automatically control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, rapid collection and transportation of freshwater is achieved, the overall structure is simple, and can cope with the harsh and changeable environmental changes at sea. Under 1 sun irradiation, the evaporation rate of the reduced graphene oxide aerogel evaporator reached a maximum of 1.89 kg / m -2 ·h -1Furthermore, this unique structure facilitates salt diffusion, resulting in no salt crystals on the surface even in a 3.5 wt% saline solution after 10 hours of sunlight exposure, demonstrating excellent salt tolerance. This reduced graphene oxide aerogel evaporator design offers new insights into the development of sustainable, durable, and scalable solar evaporation systems.

[0014] During this process, the device floats on the sea surface. Under the influence of wind and waves, the ring-like freshwater collection area allows the device to adapt to the sea surface, achieving excellent stability. Compared to existing technologies, the process of producing fresh water from seawater does not require seawater replenishment or additional electricity consumption, achieving the goals of convenient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly freshwater production, significantly improving the production efficiency of solar desalination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the seawater desalination device body of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main body of the seawater desalination device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh water collection area of ​​the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the evaporator base of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the solenoid valve of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a large-scale array of seawater desalination equipment.

[0023] Figure 8 This is the wettability test image of the photothermal material surface;

[0024] Figure 9 This is the nitrogen adsorption-desorption test image of the photothermal material;

[0025] Figure 10 This is the stress and strain test image of the photothermal material;

[0026] Figure 11This is an infrared thermal image of the solar evaporation process of seawater desalination;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a comparison test chart of the evaporation rates of photothermal materials with different reduction degrees.

[0028] In the figure: 1. solar evaporator; 2. evaporator base; 3. fresh water collection area; 4. light-transmitting condensation cover; 5. water outlet; 6. photothermal conversion material; 7. porous water-absorbing base; 8. first connecting plate; 9. second connecting plate; 10. bolt; 11. nut; 12. annular groove; 13. annular groove through hole; 14. second connecting plate through hole; 15. first connecting plate through hole; 16. evaporator base through hole; 17. solenoid valve; 18. sensor; 19. inlet connection end; 20. plunger; 21. outlet connection end; 22. valve body; 23. wire; 24. orifice; 25. pin; 26. base; 27. shielding material; 28. acoustic material; 29. ​​fresh water outlet pipe; 30. water reservoir; 31. controller; 32. desalination device body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an independent floating solar desalination device based on interface evaporation, including multiple desalination device bodies 32. The desalination device bodies 32 are connected to a water reservoir 30 through a fresh water outlet pipe 29. The desalination device bodies 32 include an evaporator base 2, in which a solar evaporator 1 is provided. The evaporator base 2 is fixedly connected to and connected to a fresh water collection area 3. A light-transmitting condensation cover 4 is provided on the top of the fresh water collection area 3. A water outlet 5 is provided on one side of the fresh water collection area 3. The water outlet 5 is connected to the fresh water outlet pipe 29. A solenoid valve 17 is provided outside the water outlet 5, and a sensor 18 is provided inside the fresh water collection area 3.

[0032] The solar evaporator 1 is preferably immersed in seawater at the bottom, continuously supplying seawater to the photothermal surface, and utilizing solar-driven interface evaporation technology, which utilizes photothermal materials to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy to generate water vapor. The solar evaporator 1 is placed in the evaporator base 2. The evaporator base support 2 is connected to the lower center of the device, which can enable the photothermal conversion material 6 to absorb more solar energy and convert it into thermal energy, while effectively lowering the center of gravity of the device and improving its stability on the sea surface. The evaporator base support 2 does not affect the transportation of seawater while towing the solar evaporator 1. The fresh water collection area 3 is a swimming ring structure, and a sensor 18 for detecting the fresh water level is provided inside. The light-transmitting condensation cover 4 is made of transparent material and is a hemispherical transparent cover structure. The solar evaporator 1 below needs to absorb a large amount of solar energy. The bottom of the light-transmitting condensation cover 4 adopts a design that is perpendicular to the annular groove above the fresh water collection area 3, so that the light-transmitting condensation cover 4 can be interference-fitted with the annular groove, which can facilitate the disassembly of the light-transmitting condensation cover 4 to achieve the purpose of replacing the solar evaporator 1; when the condensed water collects to a certain capacity, several seawater desalination device bodies 32 are arranged in an array, connected to the fresh water collection main pipe through the fresh water outlet pipe 29, and finally merged into the water reservoir 30.

[0033] To further optimize the solution, an annular groove 12 is provided on the top surface of the fresh water collection area 3, the bottom of the translucent condensation cover 4 is located in the annular groove 12, and a plurality of annular groove through holes 13 are evenly spaced in the annular groove 12. The annular groove through holes 13 are connected to the fresh water collection area 3, effectively collecting the condensed water flowing down from the inner surface of the translucent condensation cover 4.

[0034] According to a further optimization scheme, the solar evaporator 1 is an aerogel structure with low mass density, high porosity, large specific surface area and low thermal conductivity.

[0035] The preparation method of the solar interface evaporator comprises the following steps:

[0036] 1. Preparation of graphene oxide solution:

[0037] GO was prepared using a modified Hummers method. In an ice bath, 2g of graphite was added to 50ml of concentrated H2SO4. At 5°C, KMnO4 was added in four portions, 2g each, with 10-minute intervals between additions. After the low-temperature reaction, the water bath was raised to 40°C for a medium-temperature reaction of 3h. For the high-temperature reaction, the water bath was raised to 80°C, and 80°C deionized water was added, maintaining the solution temperature between 95°C and 98°C. After the high-temperature reaction, the beaker was removed from the water bath and 40ml of H2O2 was added with continuous stirring. The prepared GO slurry was dialyzed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain GO powder. The GO powder was weighed using a balance and poured into a clean beaker, where deionized water was added. The powder was then homogenized in a homogenizer at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes for preliminary dispersion. The homogenized GO solution was then ultrasonically dispersed for 50 minutes to obtain the final GO solution.

[0038] 2. Preparation of graphene oxide film:

[0039] The GO dispersion was coated onto the film using a coater and then dried at room temperature.

[0040] 3. Preparation of reduced graphene oxide aerogel:

[0041] The prepared GO membrane was pretreated by placing it in a 5% hydrazine hydrate solution for 1 minute, drying it in air for 1 minute, and then reducing it in a 30% hydrazine hydrate solution for 60 minutes to obtain a graphene aerogel named rGOA.

[0042] The process ratio for preparing the graphene oxide solution is 1g of flake graphite, 25mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, 4g of potassium permanganate, 50mL of deionized water, and 20mL of hydrogen peroxide. This process ratio is limited to flake graphite with a mesh size of 325 or larger. For larger flakes smaller than 325 mesh, the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate needs to be increased. The amount of deionized water used in the process refers to the amount used to dilute the concentrated sulfuric acid during the high-temperature reaction, not the amount used throughout the entire experiment.

[0043] A further optimized solution is that a plurality of first connecting plates 8 are fixedly connected to the outer top of the evaporator base 2 at equal circumferential intervals, and the first connecting plate 8 is provided with a first connecting plate through hole 15. A plurality of second connecting plates 9 are fixedly connected to the fresh water collection area 3 at equal axial intervals, and the second connecting plate 9 is provided with a second connecting plate through hole 14. The first connecting plate through holes 15 and the second connecting plate through holes 14 located at the same vertical position are connected by bolts 10 and nuts 11.

[0044] In a further optimization, a porous water-absorbing substrate 7 is provided within the evaporator base 2, and a photothermal conversion material 6 is applied to the top surface of the porous water-absorbing substrate 7. During the interfacial solar seawater evaporation process, the evaporator base 2 is immersed in seawater for a long time, requiring excellent salt resistance. Therefore, the evaporator base 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The porous water-absorbing substrate 7 is a porous sponge.

[0045] In a further optimized solution, the light-to-heat conversion material 6 includes one or more of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanographite powder, polydopamine, graphene and polypyrrole.

[0046] The porous water-absorbing substrate 7 is made of a highly absorbent porous medium, allowing for uniform transfer of the transported seawater to the photothermal conversion material 6, i.e., the evaporation interface, thereby enhancing the evaporation effect. The porous water-absorbing substrate 7 is preferably a porous sponge; the photothermal conversion material 6 comprises a hydrophobic photothermal conversion coating, comprising reduced graphene oxide aerogel, covering the upper surface of the porous sponge.

[0047] As a further optimization, the bottom surface of the evaporator support 2 is provided with a plurality of evaporator support through-holes 16. The evaporator support 2 is designed with a plurality of through-holes, which can support the solar evaporator 1 without affecting the transportation of seawater. The outer surface of the evaporator support 2 is bonded with a first connecting plate 8 for connecting to the fresh water collection area 3.

[0048] In a further optimization, sensor 18 includes a base 26, on which shielding material 27, acoustic material 28, and pins 25 are respectively provided. Sensor 18 is an ultrasonic sensor 18. It transmits ultrasonic waves, which are reflected by the liquid surface. The sensor calculates the distance by measuring the time difference between ultrasonic transmission and reception, controlling the opening and closing of solenoid valve 17. When the freshwater collected in freshwater collection area 3 exceeds two-thirds of the volume, sensor 18 generates a signal, controlling solenoid valve 17 to open. Freshwater in the freshwater area flows through freshwater outlet pipe 29 into the freshwater collection main, and finally into onshore reservoir 30.

[0049] To further optimize the solution, the solenoid valve 17 includes a valve body 22, and an inlet connection end 19 and an outlet connection end 21 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the valve body 22. The inlet connection end 19 is connected to the water outlet 5, and the outlet connection end 21 is connected to the fresh water outlet pipe 29. A plunger 20 is provided on the top surface of the valve body 22, and a wire 23 and an orifice 24 are respectively provided on the top of the plunger 20.

[0050] Considering that the seawater level within the freshwater collection area 3 will continuously drop as evaporation progresses, and to ensure that the bottom of the solar evaporator 1 remains submerged in seawater, in this embodiment, the solar evaporator 1 utilizes an aerogel material with a janus-like structure. A sensor 18 is mounted on the bottom surface of the annular groove 12 to monitor the liquid level within the freshwater collection area 3 and control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 17 at the water outlet 5. Sensor 18 collects the water level signal through shielding material 27 and acoustic material 28. The signal is then transmitted via pin 25 to orifice 24 of the solenoid valve 17. This signal, after passing through wire 23, controls the movement of plunger 20, thereby controlling the discharge of freshwater. The water outlet 5 is connected to inlet connection 19, which in turn directs the freshwater into the freshwater output pipe via outlet connection 21, ultimately flowing into reservoir 30.

[0051] The light-transmitting condensation cover 4 is preferably an acrylic plate, and sunlight can be irradiated onto the upper surface of the solar evaporator 1 through the acrylic plate without affecting the intensity of the sunlight.

[0052] After the fresh water condenses on the inner wall of the light-transmitting condensation cover 4 , the fresh water will slide downward along the inner wall of the light-transmitting condensation cover 4 , pass through the annular groove through-hole 13 and fall into the fresh water collection area 3 .

[0053] The fresh water collection area 3 is designed as a swimming ring structure. This is because the swimming ring has good stability on the water surface, and the device will not capsize when encountering tides or waves. A fresh water outlet pipe 29 is provided on one side of the fresh water collection area 3. When the condensed water is collected to a certain volume, it is discharged through the fresh water outlet pipe 29, and the fresh water outlet pipe 29 is connected to the fresh water collection area 3.

[0054] like Figure 8-12 As shown, the photothermal conversion material takes reduced graphene oxide aerogel as an example, and the test performance of the solar seawater desalination device of the present invention is as follows:

[0055] 1. Wettability test

[0056] Contact angle test of water in air: Place the prepared reduced graphene oxide aerogel horizontally on the contact angle measuring instrument and take 5uL of water for measurement. Contact angle test of reduced graphene oxide aerogel photothermal conversion material to water Figure 8 , the evaporator exhibits super hydrophilicity to water.

[0057] 2. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption test

[0058] The nitrogen desorption curve of reduced graphene oxide aerogel represents a type IV adsorption-desorption curve with a hysteresis loop. Figure 9 The pore distribution curve shows that the reduced graphene oxide aerogel contains a rich mesoporous structure with pore widths ranging from 2 to 50 nm. Importantly, the large specific surface area and high pore volume are conducive to improving the light absorption performance of the reduced graphene oxide aerogel.

[0059] 3. Stress and strain testing

[0060] Cyclic compression tests of reduced graphene oxide aerogel at 20%, 40%, and 60% strains are shown in Figure 2. Figure 10 As shown, the photothermal material exhibits ultra-high resilience and can maintain an efficient evaporation rate during long-term seawater desalination.

[0061] 3. Surface infrared thermal imaging test

[0062] The reduced graphene oxide aerogel was placed in a beaker and a xenon lamp was used to simulate sunlight for illumination experiment. The evaporation surface temperature change was monitored in real time using an infrared thermal imager. The surface temperature change of the reduced graphene oxide aerogel was recorded within 1 hour. The test results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown: When 1 sun of incident light hits the surface of reduced graphene oxide aerogel floating on water, the temperature of the top surface increases from 18°C ​​to 48.5°C.

[0063] 4. Evaporation performance test

[0064] The reduced graphene oxide aerogel was placed in a beaker filled with seawater, and a light experiment was conducted using a simulated solar light source. The changes in the evaporation mass of the water were monitored in real time using an electronic balance. The test results are as follows: Figure 12 As shown in the figure, under 1 sun irradiation without air convection, the evaporation rate first increases and then decreases with the increase of reduction time, among which PDMS / rGOA3 has the maximum evaporation rate of 1.89 kg / m -2 ·h -1 .

[0065] Working principle: When desalinating seawater, the device is placed on the sea surface. At this time, the device floats on the sea surface under the action of the swimming ring-type freshwater collection area 3. One end of the porous water-absorbing base 7 extends into the seawater, and the seawater is transported to the inside of the porous water-absorbing base by capillary action. Sunlight shines on the upper surface of the solar evaporator 1 through the transparent condensation cover 4. The photothermal conversion material 6 absorbs the sunlight and converts it into heat, heating the seawater transported to the evaporation interface through the porous water-absorbing base 7. The seawater evaporates due to the heat to produce water vapor, and the fresh water vapor floats up and acts on the top of the transparent condensation cover 4 The water then condenses into freshwater droplets, which flow along the inner wall of the light-transmitting condensing cover 4 into the annular groove 12, and then into the freshwater collection area 3 through the annular groove through-hole 13. When the freshwater reaches a certain level, it is discharged through the freshwater outlet pipe 29. The sensor 18 monitors the liquid level changes in the freshwater collection area 3. When the liquid level reaches 2 / 3, it sends a signal to the controller 31 to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 17, which then flows the freshwater out of the outlet into the freshwater outlet pipe 29 and finally into the reservoir 30. Multiple seawater desalination device bodies 32 are arranged in an array, achieving the goal of large-scale freshwater production from seawater. Compared with existing technologies, during the process of producing freshwater from seawater, the device is placed on the sea surface, eliminating the need for seawater replenishment and consuming additional electricity, achieving the goals of convenient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly freshwater production.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An independent floating solar desalination device based on interfacial evaporation, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of seawater desalination device bodies (32), wherein the seawater desalination device bodies (32) are connected to a water reservoir (30) via a freshwater outlet pipe (29), the seawater desalination device bodies (32) include an evaporator base (2), a solar evaporator (1) is provided inside the evaporator base (2), the evaporator base (2) is fixedly connected to and connected to a freshwater collection area (3) outside the evaporator base (2), a light-transmitting condensation cover (4) is provided on the top of the freshwater collection area (3), a water outlet (5) is provided on one side of the freshwater collection area (3), the water outlet (5) is connected to the freshwater outlet pipe (29), a solenoid valve (17) is provided outside the water outlet (5), and a sensor (18) is provided inside the freshwater collection area (3); The top surface of the fresh water collection area (3) is provided with an annular groove (12), the bottom of the light-transmitting condensation cover (4) is located in the annular groove (12), a plurality of annular groove through holes (13) are provided at equal intervals in the annular groove (12), and the annular groove through holes (13) are communicated with the fresh water collection area (3); The solar evaporator (1) is an aerogel structure with low mass density, high porosity, large specific surface area and low thermal conductivity; A plurality of first connecting plates (8) are fixedly connected to the top of the evaporator base (2) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the first connecting plates (8) are provided with first connecting plate through holes (15). A plurality of second connecting plates (9) are fixedly connected to the fresh water collection area (3) at equal intervals in the axial direction, and the second connecting plates (9) are provided with second connecting plate through holes (14). The first connecting plate through holes (15) and the second connecting plate through holes (14) located at the same vertical position are connected by bolts (10) and nuts (11); A porous water-absorbing substrate (7) is provided in the evaporator base (2), and a light-heat conversion material (6) is provided on the top surface of the porous water-absorbing substrate (7); The sensor (18) includes a base (26), and a shielding material (27), an acoustic material (28), and a pin (25) are respectively provided on the base (26); The solenoid valve (17) comprises a valve body (22), wherein an inlet connection end (19) and an outlet connection end (21) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the valve body (22), wherein the inlet connection end (19) is communicated with the water outlet (5), and the outlet connection end (21) is communicated with the fresh water outlet pipe (29), and a plunger (20) is provided on the top surface of the valve body (22), and a wire (23) and an orifice (24) are respectively provided on the top of the plunger (20).

2. The independent floating solar desalination device based on interfacial evaporation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photothermal conversion material (6) includes one or more of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanographite powder, polydopamine, graphene and polypyrrole.

3. The independent floating solar desalination device based on interfacial evaporation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the evaporator base (2) is provided with a plurality of evaporator base through holes (16).

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