Nano environment-friendly coating with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions
Through the combination technology of topological insulator modification of nanoparticles, DNA nanostructures and photochromic polymers, the problem of the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules in nano-environmental coatings is solved, and an efficient anti-bacterial effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510277756.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
AI Technical Summary
In actual applications, existing nano-environmental coatings have reduced antibacterial activity due to the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules, which is difficult to meet the strict requirements of antibacterial removal in warehouses and hospitals.
A combination technology of topological insulator modification of nanoparticles, DNA nanostructures and photochromic polymers is used. Topological insulator modification changes the electronic structure of nanoparticles, DNA nanostructure regulates the solvation layer, and photochromic polymers regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules under light.
By stabilizing the charge distribution on the surface of nanoparticles, maintaining antibacterial activity, significantly inhibiting mold growth and microbial number, and improving the antibacterial properties of the paint.
Smart Images
Figure CN119978875A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nano environmentally friendly coatings, in particular to a nano environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions. Background Art
[0002] In the nano-environmental paint system, nanoparticles have a very small size and a very large specific surface area, which makes the atoms on the particle surface highly unsaturated and highly active. Solvent molecules, as the continuous phase in the paint, continuously contact the surface of nanoparticles. Taking common water-based paint as an example, water molecules are polar, and the surface of nanoparticles may carry charges or have functional groups that can interact with polar molecules. This polarity - charge or polarity -
[0003] The interaction of functional groups causes solvent molecules to build a solvation layer on the surface of nanoparticles. In non-aqueous coating systems, similar situations also occur between organic solvent molecules and nanoparticles through weak interactions such as van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds (reference [1] Zhang Zhijun, Wu Zhishen, Dang Hongxin. Surface modification and application of nanomaterials [J]. Materials Protection, 2001, 34(10): 1-4. This document elaborates on the surface characteristics of nanoparticles and their interaction with the surrounding medium; [2] Li Huiling, Zhu Xiuling, Chen Zhonghua, et al. Research progress of waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites [J]. Coatings Industry, 2011, 41(10): 72-76. It involves the interaction between polymers and nanoparticles and solvents in the coating system).
[0004] Over time, the continuous interaction between solvent molecules and the surface of nanoparticles will gradually change the charge distribution on the surface of nanoparticles. When the solvent molecules are polar molecules, they will be arranged in a directional manner according to the charge state of the nanoparticle surface. Their dipole moments will produce electrostatic effects on the surface charges of nanoparticles. Over a long period of time, the surface charges of nanoparticles may be redistributed. If there are ionizable groups on the surface of nanoparticles, the solvent molecules will push the ionization equilibrium of these groups to move, further changing the surface charge distribution. In metal oxide nanoparticle systems, the protonation or deprotonation of solvent molecules will change the degree of hydroxylation on the surface of nanoparticles, affecting the density and distribution of surface charges ([3] Zhao Guoxi, Zhu Buyao. Principles of Surfactant Action [M]. China Light Industry Press, 2003. This book provides an in-depth explanation of the interaction between solvents and particle surfaces in colloid and interface chemistry).
[0005] The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles is closely related to their surface charge distribution. The antibacterial mechanism of many nanoparticles is based on the interaction between their surface charge and the surface charge of microbial cell membranes. Microbial cell membranes are usually negatively charged. Positively charged nanoparticles approach and adsorb on the surface of microbial cell membranes by electrostatic attraction, destroying the integrity of the cell membrane and causing the leakage of cell contents, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect. However, when the surface charge distribution of nanoparticles changes due to submicroscopic interactions with the solvent, the electrostatic attraction between them and the microbial cell membrane changes accordingly. If the surface positive charge decreases, the binding ability of nanoparticles to microbial cell membranes decreases, making it difficult to effectively destroy the cell membrane, and the antibacterial activity decreases. In addition, the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles also depends on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated on the surface. Changes in the surface charge distribution may affect the electron transfer process inside the nanoparticles, thereby affecting the amount of ROS generated and indirectly reducing the antibacterial activity ([4] Zhang Lide, Mou Jimei. Nanomaterials and Nanostructures [M]. Science Press, 2001. This paper studies the relationship between the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles and surface properties). At present, when domestic nano-environmentally friendly coatings are used in actual applications, the antibacterial activity is often reduced due to the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules, making it difficult to meet the needs of scenarios such as warehouses and hospitals that have strict requirements for mildew removal and antibacterial properties.
[0006] In view of this, a nano environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions is provided to overcome the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions, including nanoparticles modified with topological insulators, DNA nanostructures and photochromic polymers; the topological insulator-modified nanoparticles change the surface electronic structure of the nanoparticles by forming a topological insulator film on the surface of the nanoparticles; the DNA nanostructure self-assembles in the coating system to form a three-dimensional structure for regulating the solvation layer; the photochromic polymer undergoes conformational changes under light to regulate the interaction between the nanoparticles and the solvent molecules.
[0009] Furthermore, the topological insulator is a bismuth-antimony alloy, and a bismuth-antimony alloy film is deposited on the surface of the nanoparticles by chemical vapor deposition. The deposition temperature is controlled at 420°C-520°C, the bismuth precursor gas flow rate is 12sccm-18sccm, the antimony precursor gas flow rate is 18sccm-22sccm, the carrier gas flow rate is 180sccm-220sccm, and the deposition time is 25 minutes-35 minutes.
[0010] Furthermore, the DNA nanostructure is an octahedral DNA nanocage, which is formed by self-assembly of single-stranded DNA of a preset sequence. When designing the DNA sequence, the pH value of the coating system is 7-8, the ion concentration is 0.1 mol / L, and Tris-HCl buffer is added.
[0011] Furthermore, the photochromic polymer contains diarylethene photochromic groups and is synthesized by controlled free radical polymerization technology. The molar ratio of diarylethene monomer to other copolymer monomers is 1:3, the polymerization temperature is 70°C-80°C, and the polymerization time is 5-6 hours.
[0012] Furthermore, the nanoparticles are one or more of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles.
[0013] Furthermore, when the DNA nanostructure is mixed with the nanoparticles modified with the topological insulator, the mixing temperature is 25°C-30°C, the pH value is maintained at 7-8, and the ionic strength is maintained at 0.1 mol / L.
[0014] Furthermore, the content of the photochromic polymer in the coating system is 2%, and the photochromic polymer is uniformly dispersed in the coating system through high-precision mixing and dispersing equipment.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] In order to solve the influence of the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules on charge distribution, topological insulators are used to modify nanoparticles so that their surfaces have unique spin-
[0017] Momentum-locked electronic structure. When solvent molecules approach, for polar solvent molecules, their dipole moment and the spin of the electrons on the surface of the topological insulator are
[0018] The momentum-locked states are coupled to each other, changing the arrangement of solvent molecules on the surface of nanoparticles and reducing the disordered interference of solvent molecules on the surface charge of nanoparticles. At the same time, the metallic electrons on the surface of topological insulators can interact with the electrons inside nanoparticles through mechanisms such as quantum tunneling to stabilize the charge distribution on the surface of nanoparticles. For example, in a water-based coating system, when the action of water molecules may cause the positive charge on the surface of nanoparticles to decrease, the metallic electrons on the surface of topological insulators can quickly tunnel to the surface of nanoparticles to compensate for the charge loss. From the performance test data, the surface charge stability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles after modification can reach ±5mV / h, which effectively solves the problem of the influence of the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules on the charge distribution.
[0019] The surface of the DNA nanostructure is densely covered with negatively charged phosphate groups, which have strong electrostatic interactions with the solvent molecules in the coating. The precise three-dimensional shape of the octahedral DNA nanocage has a spatial restriction effect on the movement of solvent molecules, allowing the solvent molecules to form an ordered solvation layer on the surface of the nanocage and around the nanoparticles. This ordered solvation layer effectively prevents the solvent molecules from interacting with the nanoparticles in a disordered manner, further stabilizing the charge distribution on the surface of the nanoparticles.
[0020] When the photochromic polymer is not exposed to light, it forms a specific interaction mode with the nanoparticles and solvent molecules. When exposed to indoor light, the diarylethene unit changes from an open-ring state to a closed-ring state, and the polymer forms a stronger interaction with the surface of the nanoparticles, effectively preventing the solvent molecules from interfering with the surface charge of the nanoparticles. After long-term illumination experimental testing, the polymer can still stably regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules after multiple illumination cycles.
[0021] In terms of maintaining the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles, the stable surface charge distribution ensures the electrostatic attraction between the nanoparticles and the microbial cell membrane, enabling it to effectively adsorb and destroy the microbial cell membrane. At the same time, the electron transfer process inside the nanoparticles is less affected, and reactive oxygen species can be normally produced, maintaining the antibacterial activity. In actual application scenarios, such as warehouses in humid areas in the south, after three months of painting the coating of the present invention, the mold coverage rate of the painted area was reduced by more than 80% compared with the control area without the coating; in warehouses in dry areas in the north, after 6 months of painting, the number of microorganisms decreased by more than 80%; in factories in high-altitude areas, after 1 year of use, the coating was intact and the mold coverage rate was less than 5%; in warehouses in tropical marine climate areas, within 3 months of painting, the mold coverage rate decreased by more than 75%, and the number of microorganisms decreased by more than 88%. These data fully show that the nano-environmentally friendly coating of the present invention effectively solves the problems of mold growth and microbial erosion in warehouses, provides a good environment for cargo storage, and exhibits excellent mildew removal and antibacterial properties in practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:
[0025] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of a nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions:
[0026] This embodiment aims to demonstrate how a nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions can solve the problem of reduced antibacterial activity caused by the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules by using technologies such as topological insulators to modify nanoparticles, DNA nanostructures to regulate the solvation environment, and photochromic polymers to regulate interactions, and demonstrate its mildew removal and antibacterial functions in actual application scenarios.
[0027] 1. Coating preparation process
[0028] Topological insulator modified nanoparticle stage
[0029] Operation steps: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles with an average particle size of 50nm are selected. Chemical vapor deposition is used, and bismuth antimony alloy is used as the topological insulator material. The deposition temperature is precisely controlled between 450℃-500℃, and a high-precision temperature control system is used to ensure that the temperature fluctuation range is within ±2℃. The flow rate of bismuth precursor gas (trimethyl bismuth) is set to 15sccm, the flow rate of antimony precursor gas (trimethyl antimony) is set to 20sccm, and the flow rate of carrier gas (argon) is set to 200sccm. The mass flow controller is used for real-time monitoring and precise adjustment to ensure that the flow stability is within ±1%. For titanium dioxide nanoparticles of this particle size, if a bismuth antimony alloy topological insulator film with a thickness of 20nm is desired, the deposition time is controlled to 30 minutes, and the deposition time accuracy is ensured to be within ±10 seconds with the help of an automated timing system. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirm that the topological insulator forms a strong chemical bond with the surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
[0030] It is necessary to add that:
[0031] In the process of studying the performance of nanoparticles, a series of experiments were conducted and costs were calculated, which contain many key data. The following will be presented to you in the form of a combination of text and tables.
[0032] Long-term stability test
[0033] In order to explore the long-term stability of the modified nanoparticles, a 12-month accelerated aging experiment and actual environment test were carried out.
[0034] Accelerated aging experiment: The modified nanoparticles were placed in an environment with a high temperature of 60°C and a high humidity of 80%, and their surface charge stability, antibacterial activity and other properties were tested every month. After 12 months, the surface charge stability was maintained at ±6mV / h, and the antibacterial activity only decreased by 5%.
[0035] Actual environment test: The sample coated with modified nanoparticles was placed outdoors, and tested regularly after four seasons. The results showed that after one year, its antibacterial activity still maintained more than 90% of the initial value. The specific test data is shown in the following table:
[0036]
[0037]
[0038] Nanoparticle modification parameters
[0039] For different nanoparticles, there are specific process parameters when using bismuth-antimony alloy topological insulator modification:
[0040] Zinc oxide nanoparticles: The deposition temperature was adjusted to 420°C-470°C, the bismuth precursor gas (trimethyl bismuth) flow rate was 12sccm, the antimony precursor gas (trimethyl antimony) flow rate was 18sccm, the carrier gas (argon) flow rate was 180sccm, and the deposition time was 25 minutes. A stable topological insulator film with a thickness of about 18nm was obtained, and it was verified by XPS and HRTEM that a strong chemical bond was formed with the surface of the zinc oxide nanoparticles.
[0041] Iron oxide nanoparticles: The deposition temperature is set at 470℃-520℃, the flow rate of bismuth precursor gas (trimethyl bismuth) is 18sccm, the flow rate of antimony precursor gas (trimethyl antimony) is 22sccm, the flow rate of carrier gas (argon) is 220sccm, and the deposition time is 35 minutes. Stable modification can be achieved, which reflects the versatility of the process. Detailed parameters are shown in the table below:
[0042]
[0043] In terms of cost, it includes raw material cost, equipment cost and production energy cost. In large-scale production (annual output of 1,000 tons), the production cost of each kilogram of modified nanoparticles is about 150 yuan. The specific cost data is as follows:
[0044]
[0045]
[0046] Although the production cost has increased, the performance of the modified nanoparticles has been significantly improved, which has a great advantage from the perspective of cost-effectiveness.
[0047] Precisely controlled process parameters ensure that a topological insulator film with strong chemical bonds can be stably and uniformly formed on the surface of the nanoparticles in large-scale production. This modification gives the nanoparticle surface a unique spin-
[0048] Momentum-locked electronic structure. When solvent molecules approach, for polar solvent molecules (such as water in paint), their dipole moment is aligned with the spin of the electrons on the surface of the topological insulator.
[0049] The momentum-locked states are coupled to each other, changing the arrangement of solvent molecules on the surface of nanoparticles, reducing the disordered interference of solvent molecules on the surface charge of nanoparticles. At the same time, the metallic electrons on the surface of topological insulators can interact with the electrons inside nanoparticles through mechanisms such as quantum tunneling to stabilize the charge distribution on the surface of nanoparticles. For example, in a water-based coating system, when the action of water molecules may cause the positive charge on the surface of nanoparticles to decrease, the metallic electrons on the surface of topological insulators can quickly tunnel to the surface of nanoparticles, compensate for the charge loss, and maintain the surface charge conditions required for antibacterial activity. From the performance test data, the surface charge stability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles after modification can reach ±5mV / h, which effectively solves the problem of the influence of the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules on the charge distribution and ensures the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles.
[0050] DNA nanostructure introduction stage
[0051] Operation steps: For water-based nano-environmental paint systems, single-stranded DNA with a specific sequence is designed for self-assembly to form octahedral DNA nanocages. During the design process, precise bioinformatics algorithms are used to fully consider factors such as the pH value of the paint system (pH value is about 7-8) and ionic strength (ion concentration is about 0.1 mol / L), and the DNA sequence is adjusted in a targeted manner, and a special buffer (such as Tris-HCl buffer) is added to stabilize the self-assembly process. These DNA nanostructures are mixed with nanoparticles modified with topological insulators. By controlling the temperature (25℃-30℃), pH value (maintained at 7-8), and ionic strength (maintained at 0.1 mol / L) during mixing, the DNA nanostructures are quickly, tightly, and orderly formed into a microenvironment around the nanoparticles using the self-developed intelligent mixing equipment.
[0052] The key data of this stage are shown in the following table:
[0053]
[0054] In addition, to ensure the smooth progress of the entire process in actual production, the intelligent mixing equipment was optimized to control the failure rate of DNA self-assembly within 5%. Compared with traditional control technology, the system with added DNA nanostructures showed significant advantages in nanoparticle dispersion stability, antibacterial activity improvement, and coating weather resistance. For example, the nanoparticle dispersion stability was improved by 30%, the antibacterial activity improvement was 20% higher than that of surfactants, and the gloss retention rate of the coating after 1000 hours of artificial accelerated aging was 15% higher than that of surfactants. The adhesion level reached level 0 (the highest level), while traditional surfactants (such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) were level 1.
[0055] The surface of the DNA nanostructure is densely covered with negatively charged phosphate groups, which have strong electrostatic interactions with solvent molecules in the coating (such as cations in water molecules or positive ends of polar solvent molecules). At the same time, the precise three-dimensional shape of the octahedral DNA nanocage has a spatial restriction effect on the movement of solvent molecules. In actual coating applications, nanoparticles are wrapped in it, and the phosphate groups on the surface of the nanocage interact with the solvent molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental tests have confirmed that the solvent molecules can form an ordered solvation layer on the surface of the nanocage and around the nanoparticles. This ordered solvation layer effectively prevents the solvent molecules from interacting with the nanoparticles in a disordered manner, further stabilizes the charge distribution on the surface of the nanoparticles, and maintains the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles. Moreover, due to the effect of the DNA nanostructure, the comprehensive properties of the coating, such as weather resistance and adhesion, have also been improved. In actual use scenarios, the integrity and antibacterial effect of the coating can be better maintained.
[0056] Photochromic polymer addition stage
[0057] Operation steps: Synthesize a polymer containing diarylethene photochromic groups. During the synthesis process, use advanced controlled free radical polymerization technology to accurately control the monomer ratio (the molar ratio of diarylethene monomer to other comonomers is 1:3), polymerization temperature (70℃-80℃) and time (5-6 hours) to ensure that the diarylethene units are evenly distributed on the polymer backbone and chemically bonded stably. During the coating preparation process, use high-precision mixing and dispersing equipment to evenly disperse the photochromic polymer in the coating system at a content of 2% (mass fraction), and accurately adjust its distribution.
[0058] A comprehensive study of the light-responsive durability of photochromic polymers was conducted. In a high temperature (50°C) and high humidity (70% humidity) environment, 5,000 light cycle tests were conducted. The results showed that after 5,000 cycles, the polymer was still able to stably regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules, and the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles remained above 90% of the initial value. In a low temperature (-10°C) and dry environment, 3,000 light cycle tests were conducted, and the antibacterial activity remained above 92%. In a normal temperature and humidity environment, after 10,000 light cycle tests, the antibacterial activity remained above 95% of the initial value.
[0059] In terms of polymer performance testing, compared with similar photochromic polymers on the market, in the light response sensitivity test, with the same light intensity (500l ux) and wavelength (450nm), the response time of the polymer of the present invention from the open-loop state to the closed-loop state is 0.1 seconds, while the shortest of similar products is 0.2 seconds. In the solubility test, the polymer can be completely dissolved in common coating solvents (such as ethanol, toluene, ethyl acetate) after stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. In the compatibility test with other components of the coating system, after mixing with film-forming substances, pigments, and additives and storing for 6 months, the coating has no obvious stratification and precipitation, and the performance indicators such as coating gloss and hardness change within 5%.
[0060] Simulation experiments and actual outdoor tests were conducted for different lighting conditions. The simulation experiments set different light intensities (100-1000l ux) and light time distributions (continuous light, intermittent light), which can effectively regulate the interaction. In the actual outdoor test, the coated test pieces were placed in different regions such as the hot and humid south, the dry and cold north, and the strong ultraviolet rays on the plateau for one year. Regular testing showed that the coating had excellent mildew removal and antibacterial properties, the mold coverage rate was always less than 10%, and the number of microorganisms was reduced by more than 85% compared to before painting.
[0061] In the absence of light, the photochromic polymer is in a stable initial conformation, forming a specific interaction mode with nanoparticles and solvent molecules. When exposed to indoor light (wavelength of about 400-700nm), the diarylethene unit changes from an open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and the binding mode of the polymer to the surface of the nanoparticles and the strength and mode of interaction with the solvent molecules change accordingly. Before illumination, the polymer is weakly bound to the surface of the nanoparticles, and the solvent molecules can interact freely with the nanoparticles, which may cause changes in the surface charge distribution. After illumination, the conformational change of the polymer enables it to form a stronger interaction with the surface of the nanoparticles, effectively hindering the interference of the solvent molecules on the surface charge of the nanoparticles. After long-term illumination experimental testing, after multiple illumination cycles, the polymer can still stably regulate the interaction between the nanoparticles and the solvent molecules and maintain the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles. At the same time, the change in the interaction between the polymer and the solvent molecules after the conformational change can adjust the structure and properties of the solvation layer, further optimize the antibacterial environment of the nanoparticles, and enable the nano-environmentally friendly coating to maintain excellent mildew removal and antibacterial properties during long-term use.
[0062] 2. Application scenarios and effects
[0063] Application scenario: A warehouse located in a humid area in the south was selected as the actual application scenario. The warehouse covers an area of 500 square meters. Due to humidity problems, mold often grew on the walls and ceilings, and the goods were easily corroded by microorganisms.
[0064] In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the coating, warehouses in dry northern areas (area of 400 square meters, annual average humidity of 30%), factories in high-altitude areas (3000 meters above sea level, annual average temperature of 10°C) and warehouses in tropical marine climate areas (annual average rainfall of 2000 mm, average humidity of 85%) were selected as application scenarios. In warehouses in dry northern areas, no mold growth was found 6 months after the paint was applied, and the number of microorganisms decreased by more than 80%. In factories in high-altitude areas, after one year of use, the coating was intact, with good mildew removal and antibacterial properties, and the mold coverage rate was less than 5%. In warehouses in tropical marine climate areas, within 3 months of painting, mold growth was significantly inhibited, mold coverage was reduced by more than 75%, and the number of microorganisms decreased by more than 88%.
[0065] Painting process: The prepared nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew removal and antibacterial function is evenly painted on the walls and ceilings of the warehouse with a thickness of 0.2mm.
[0066] Effect monitoring:
[0067] Mold removal effect: Within one month after painting, regular observations found that mold growth was significantly inhibited in areas that were prone to mold growth. Three months later, mold coverage in the painted areas was reduced by more than 80% compared to the control areas that were not painted with the paint. This is because the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was effectively maintained, which was able to inhibit the germination and growth of mold spores.
[0068] The mold species were analyzed in detail, mold samples were collected from painted and unpainted areas, and molecular biological identification techniques (such as PCR amplification and gene sequencing) were used to determine that the main mold species were Aspergillus, Penicillium and Mucor. The inhibition effect was tested for different mold species. For Aspergillus mold, the growth rate was reduced by more than 90% after painting, and the mold coverage rate was reduced to less than 5%; for Penicillium mold, the growth rate was reduced by 85%, and the mold coverage rate was reduced to less than 8%; for Mucor mold, the growth rate was reduced by 88%, and the mold coverage rate was reduced to less than 6%.
[0069] Antibacterial effect: By placing specially treated microbial test pieces in the warehouse, the number of microorganisms is regularly tested. The results show that within a week after the paint is applied, the number of microorganisms began to decline significantly. One month later, the number of microorganisms decreased by more than 90% compared to before painting. This is due to the stable surface charge distribution of the nanoparticles and the normal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which enable the nanoparticles to effectively destroy the cell membrane of microorganisms and achieve the purpose of antibacterial. At the same time, because the interaction between solvent molecules and nanoparticles is effectively regulated, the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles remains stable for a long time and continues to exert an antibacterial effect.
[0070] Conclusion
[0071] Solve the problem of the effect of the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules on charge distribution: by modifying nanoparticles with topological insulators, the unique electronic structure on their surface interacts with solvent molecules, stabilizing the charge distribution on the surface of nanoparticles and compensating for the charge loss caused by the action of solvent molecules. The ordered solvation layer formed by the DNA nanostructure further prevents the disordered interference of solvent molecules on the surface charge of nanoparticles. The photochromic polymer changes its conformation under light, enhancing the interaction with nanoparticles and hindering the effect of solvent molecules on charge distribution.
[0072] Maintaining the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles: The stable surface charge distribution ensures the electrostatic attraction between the nanoparticles and the microbial cell membrane, enabling them to effectively adsorb and destroy the microbial cell membrane. At the same time, the electron transfer process inside the nanoparticles is less affected, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be produced normally, maintaining the antibacterial activity. Judging from the monitoring results of actual application scenarios, the coating exhibits excellent mildew removal and antibacterial properties, effectively solving the problems of mold growth and microbial erosion in warehouses, and providing a good environment for cargo storage.
[0073] Looking into the future, with the continuous deepening of research and continuous innovation of technology, this nano-environmentally friendly coating technology will achieve breakthroughs and developments at multiple levels. In terms of technical optimization, for the topological insulator modified nanoparticle technology, the interface binding mechanism between topological insulators and nanoparticles will be studied in depth, and the stability of the chemical bonding between the two will be further enhanced by introducing transition layer materials or optimizing the deposition process, so that the surface charge stability of the nanoparticles can be improved to within ±3mV / h. For the DNA nanostructure regulation of the solvation environment technology, advanced gene editing technology will be used to develop stimulus-responsive DNA sequences, so that it can automatically adjust the morphology and function of the nanostructure according to environmental humidity, temperature and other factors, accurately regulate the solvation layer, and further improve the performance stability of the coating in complex and changeable environments. In the field of photochromic polymer regulation of interaction technology, polymers with multi-color light response characteristics are synthesized through molecular design, so that they can achieve diversified conformational changes under different wavelengths of light, more comprehensively regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules, and broaden the application range of coatings under different lighting environments.
[0074] From the perspective of application expansion, this nano-environmentally friendly coating is expected to achieve application breakthroughs in high-end fields such as medical care and aerospace. In the medical field, it can be applied to the walls and equipment surfaces of hospital wards, operating rooms and other places. With its excellent mildew removal and antibacterial properties, it can effectively reduce the risk of hospital infection and ensure the sanitation and safety of the medical environment. In the aerospace field, it can be used for the internal and external coatings of spacecraft. It can not only resist the erosion of microorganisms in the space environment, but also use the characteristics of photochromic polymers to achieve intelligent regulation of the optical properties of the coating to adapt to different space radiation and temperature conditions. At the same time, for the construction field, coating formulas suitable for different building materials and styles will be developed to meet the diverse needs of building decoration, such as the development of transparent nano-environmentally friendly coatings for glass curtain walls, which can achieve efficient mildew removal and antibacterial functions while maintaining the beauty of the building.
[0075] In addition, cross-domain integration will inject new vitality into this technology. Combined with artificial intelligence technology, by embedding smart sensors in the coating, real-time monitoring of environmental parameters and nanoparticle performance changes, and using artificial intelligence algorithms to automatically adjust the lighting conditions of photochromic polymers or the self-assembly state of DNA nanostructures, intelligent adaptive regulation of coating performance can be achieved. Integrating with nanorobot technology, nanorobots can be designed to carry topological insulator materials or DNA nanostructures. When the coating is damaged or the performance is degraded, they can automatically migrate to the corresponding position for repair and performance optimization, greatly extending the service life and maintenance cycle of the coating, opening up a new path for the development of nano-environmentally friendly coatings and creating a broader application prospect.
Claims
1. A nano-environmentally friendly coating with mildew removal and antibacterial functions, characterized in that: It includes nanoparticles modified with topological insulators, DNA nanostructures and photochromic polymers; topological insulator-modified nanoparticles change the surface electronic structure of nanoparticles by forming a topological insulator film on the surface of the nanoparticles; DNA nanostructures self-assemble in the coating system to form a three-dimensional structure for regulating the solvation layer; photochromic polymers undergo conformational changes under light to regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and solvent molecules.
2. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew removal and antibacterial function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The topological insulator is a bismuth-antimony alloy. The bismuth-antimony alloy film is deposited on the surface of the nanoparticles by chemical vapor deposition. The deposition temperature is controlled at 420°C-520°C, the bismuth precursor gas flow rate is 12sccm-18sccm, the antimony precursor gas flow rate is 18sccm-22sccm, the carrier gas flow rate is 180sccm-220sccm, and the deposition time is 25 minutes-35 minutes.
3. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The DNA nanostructure is an octahedral DNA nanocage, which is formed by self-assembly of single-stranded DNA of a preset sequence. When designing the DNA sequence, the pH value of the coating system is 7-8, the ion concentration is 0.1 mol / L, and Tris-HCl buffer is added.
4. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photochromic polymer contains diarylethene photochromic groups and is synthesized by controlled free radical polymerization technology. The molar ratio of diarylethene monomer to other copolymer monomers is 1:
3. The polymerization temperature is 70°C-80°C and the polymerization time is 5-6 hours.
5. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew removal and antibacterial function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoparticles are one or more of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles.
6. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the DNA nanostructure is mixed with the nanoparticles modified with the topological insulator, the mixing temperature is 25°C-30°C, the pH value is maintained at 7-8, and the ionic strength is maintained at 0.1 mol / L.
7. The nano-environmentally friendly paint with mildew-removing and antibacterial functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The content of the photochromic polymer in the coating system is 2%, and it is evenly dispersed in the coating system through high-precision mixing and dispersing equipment.