Antistatic fiber and preparation method thereof
By mixing antistatic polyester and bithiazole polymer with copper pentahydrate, antistatic fibers are made, which solves the problems of electrostatic and hygroscopicity caused by poor conductivity of polyester fibers, and achieves the antistatic and antibacterial effects of the fibers.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510248847.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
AI Technical Summary
Due to poor conductivity, polyester fibers are prone to static electricity and adsorbing dust, resulting in strong static electricity and poor hygroscopicity, affecting textile processing and wear applications.
Antistatic fibers are prepared by reacting antistatic polyester and bithiazole polymer, then mixing with copper sulfate pentahydrate and spinning. The method includes preparing bithiazole polymer and imidazole ionic polymer and reacting it with antistatic polyester to form fibers with antistatic and antibacterial properties.
The antistatic and antibacterial effects of the fiber are achieved, the accumulation of static electricity and dust absorption are reduced, and the conductivity and comfort of the fiber are improved.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of fiber fabrics, in particular to an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Chemical fibers have many properties superior to natural fibers, and therefore have been rapidly developed and widely used in recent years. Polyester fiber is a synthetic fiber spun from fiber-forming polymers in which the segments of the macromolecular chain are connected by ester groups. Its many excellent properties make polyester an ideal textile fiber and it occupies a leading position among synthetic fibers. Polyester fiber is widely used in clothing fabrics, decorative fabrics and industrial textiles because of its high strength, wrinkle resistance, wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance and other excellent properties, and its low price, and therefore plays a very important role in the textile industry.
[0003] However, polyester is a hydrophobic fiber with poor conductivity and is a poor conductor. Although polyester fiber has an amorphous part like cotton fiber, it lacks hygroscopic centers and has a low moisture absorption rate even at very high relative humidity. Therefore, it is easy to generate static electricity and adsorb dust, and it is more likely to accumulate static electricity. Its significant disadvantages as a clothing material are strong static electricity and poor hygroscopicity. In the process of spinning, yarn spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, and even in the actual wearing process, static electricity is often generated, which brings many inconveniences to textile processing and wearing applications. Therefore, this article introduces an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] An antistatic fiber, characterized in that the antistatic fiber is made by reacting antistatic polyester and bithiazole polymer, then mixing with copper sulfate pentahydrate, and spinning; The bithiazole polymer is prepared by reacting allyl phosphorus dichloride and 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole; The antistatic polyester is prepared by reacting imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol; The imidazolium ion polymer is prepared by reacting formaldehyde, glyoxal and 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine.
[0006] A method for preparing an antistatic fiber, characterized in that the method for preparing the antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.008-0.012, stirred for 5-10 minutes at 80-100°C, 200-300 r / min, under nitrogen protection, heated to 130-150°C, stirred for 1.5-2.5 hours, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at -10-0°C for 22-26 hours to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.8-2 parts of glyoxal, 20-30 parts of methanol, 0.6-0.7 parts of oxalic acid, 0.5-0.6 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3-3.2 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by mass, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 8-10 minutes at 24-26°C and 25-35 r / min, continue stirring for 2-3 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 8-10 minutes, continue stirring for 5-7 hours, and vacuum dry at 55-65°C for 4-6 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (3) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:5-7:3-5:0.03-0.05, stirring at 210-220°C, 200-300 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 10-12 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (4) The antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:1:20-30, stirred at 40-60°C, 200-300 r / min, under argon protection for 7-9 hours, and vacuum dried at 50-60°C for 10-12 hours to obtain a modified polyester; the modified polyester is immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 70-90°C, 200-300 r / min, under argon protection for 22-26 hours, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 10-20 minutes, filtered, washed with deionized water for 3-5 times, vacuum dried at 70-90°C for 22-26 hours, melt-spun, and the spun yarn is placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.8-2, allowed to stand at 90-100°C for 6-8 hours, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain an antistatic fiber.
[0007] As an optimization, the catalyst in step (1) is aluminum trichloride.
[0008] As an optimization, the specific operation of washing in step (1) is washing with deionized water 3 to 5 times.
[0009] As an optimization, the catalyst in step (3) is sodium acetate.
[0010] As an optimization, the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution in step (4) is prepared by uniformly mixing copper sulfate pentahydrate and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:30-50.
[0011] As an optimization, the melt spinning parameters of step (4) are: screw temperature 270~290°C, metering pump temperature 280~290°C, spinning box temperature 285~291°C, spinneret hole number 30~40 holes, spinning speed 550~650m / min.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: When preparing the antistatic fiber, the present invention comprises the following steps: reacting allyl phosphorus dichloride with 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole to obtain a bithiazole polymer; reacting formaldehyde, glyoxal and 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; reacting the imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol to obtain an antistatic polyester; reacting the antistatic polyester with the bithiazole polymer, mixing with copper sulfate pentahydrate, and spinning to obtain the antistatic fiber.
[0013] First, allyl phosphorus dichloride and 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole are reacted to obtain a bithiazole polymer; formaldehyde, glyoxal and 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine are reacted to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; the organic phosphorus in the bithiazole polymer can produce phosphorus-containing free radicals, which can capture hydrogen free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals in the flame area, interrupt the polymer combustion chain reaction and thus slow down the combustion, and can generate polymetaphosphoric acid with a stable structure and low volatility during the combustion process. The polymetaphosphoric acid has a strong dehydration effect, which promotes the carbonization of the polymer into a dense and flame-retardant carbonized layer during the heating process. The carbonized layer covers the surface of the polymer, isolates the bottom material from the external oxygen, and hinders the external heat from being transferred to the base material, thereby effectively preventing the material from further pyrolysis and then terminating the combustion of the material, thereby improving the flame retardancy of the material; the imidazolium ion can decompose and produce non-combustible gas after absorbing heat, which can dilute the oxygen and The concentration of combustibles produced by the thermal decomposition of polymers and the nitrogen oxides produced by the decomposition can capture free radicals, inhibit the chain reaction of polymers, and improve the flame retardant ability of materials. Imidazole salts have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Their mechanism of action on common pathogenic microorganisms is similar to that of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial materials, that is, the positively charged imidazole salt polymers are electrostatically attracted to the bacterial cell wall, and at the same time, the hydrophobic segments can destroy the integrity of the cell membrane, causing leakage of intracellular substances and ultimately leading to bacterial death, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect; imidazole ions also have hydrophilic groups and non-polar groups, which enable them to absorb moisture in the air. This hygroscopicity helps to reduce the resistance of the material surface, thereby reducing the accumulation of static electricity. It can also form a molecular layer on the material surface, which can combine with moisture in the air to form a conductive channel. These conductive channels allow charges to be quickly removed from the material surface, further enhancing its antistatic effect.
[0014] Secondly, the imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol are reacted to obtain antistatic polyester; the antistatic polyester and bithiazole polymer are reacted, and then mixed with copper sulfate pentahydrate and spun to obtain antistatic fiber; the bithiazole copper complex can release copper ions, which can directly interact with the bacterial outer membrane or produce a short circuit on the cell membrane when the bacteria and the copper surface are in contact, thereby weakening the cell membrane and forming holes, interfering with cell metabolism, and after entering the cell, it can interfere with the cell's metabolic process or the action of enzymes, causing it to lose its biological function and eventually leading to cell death, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect; the bithiazole copper complex can also form a conductive layer on the surface of the material, thereby reducing its surface resistivity, allowing the generated static charge to leak rapidly, and at the same time, constructing a conductive path so that charged particles can come into contact, further promoting the elimination of static electricity, and achieving an antistatic effect; and the double bonds contained in the bithiazole polymer can react with the secondary amines in the antistatic polyester to achieve a better bonding effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] Embodiment 1:
[0017] A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.008, stirred at 80°C, 200 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 5 min, heated to 130°C, stirred for 1.5 h, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at -10°C for 22 h to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.8 parts of glyoxal, 20 parts of methanol, 0.6 parts of oxalic acid, 0.5 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by mass, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 8 minutes at 24°C and 25 r / min, continue stirring for 2 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 8 minutes, continue stirring for 5 hours, and vacuum dry at 55°C for 4 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (3) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:5:3:0.03, stirring for 10 h at 210°C, 200 r / min, under nitrogen protection, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (4) Antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:20, stirred for 7 h at 40°C, 200 r / min, under argon protection, and vacuum dried at 50°C for 10 h to obtain modified polyester; the modified polyester was immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred for 22 h at 70°C, 200 r / min, under argon protection, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 10 min, filtered, washed 3 times with deionized water, vacuum dried at 70°C for 22 h, melt-spun, and the spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.8, allowed to stand at 90°C for 6 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0018] Embodiment 2:
[0019] A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.01, stirred at 90°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 7.5 min, heated to 140°C, stirred for 2 h, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at -5°C for 24 h to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.9 parts of glyoxal, 25 parts of methanol, 0.65 parts of oxalic acid, 0.55 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3.1 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by mass, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 9 minutes at 25°C and 30 r / min, continue stirring for 2.5 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 9 minutes, continue stirring for 6 hours, and vacuum dry at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (3) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:6:4:0.04, stirring at 215°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 11 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (4) Antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:1:25, stirred at 50°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 8 h, and vacuum dried at 55°C for 11 h to obtain modified polyester; the modified polyester was immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 80°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 24 h, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 15 min, filtered, washed 4 times with deionized water, vacuum dried at 80°C for 24 h, melt-spun, and the spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.9, allowed to stand at 95°C for 7 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0020] Embodiment 3:
[0021] A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.012, stirred at 100°C, 300 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 10 min, heated to 150°C, stirred for 2.5 h, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at 0°C for 26 h to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 2 parts of glyoxal, 30 parts of methanol, 0.7 parts of oxalic acid, 0.6 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3.2 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by mass, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 10 minutes at 26°C and 35 r / min, continue stirring for 3 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 10 minutes, continue stirring for 7 hours, and vacuum dry at 65°C for 6 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (3) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:7:5:0.05, stirring for 12 h at 220°C, 300 r / min, under nitrogen protection, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (4) Antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 7:1:30, stirred at 60°C, 300 r / min, under argon protection for 9 h, and vacuum dried at 60°C for 12 h to obtain modified polyester; the modified polyester was immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 90°C, 300 r / min, under argon protection for 26 h, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 20 min, filtered, washed with deionized water 5 times, vacuum dried at 90°C for 26 h, melt-spun, and the spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 2, allowed to stand at 100°C for 8 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0022] Comparative Example 1: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.9 parts of glyoxal, 25 parts of methanol, 0.65 parts of oxalic acid, 0.55 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3.1 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by weight, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 9 minutes at 25°C and 30 r / min, continue stirring for 2.5 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 9 minutes, continue stirring for 6 hours, and vacuum dry at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (2) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:6:4:0.04, stirring at 215°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 11 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (3) Antistatic polyester, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:0.66:25, stirred at 50°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 8 h, and vacuum dried at 55°C for 11 h to obtain modified polyester; the modified polyester was immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 80°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 24 h, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 15 min, filtered, washed with deionized water for 4 times, vacuum dried at 80°C for 24 h, melt-spun, and the spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.9, allowed to stand at 95°C for 7 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0023] Comparative Example 2: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.9 parts of glyoxal, 25 parts of methanol, 0.65 parts of oxalic acid, 0.55 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3.1 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by weight, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 9 minutes at 25°C and 30 r / min, continue stirring for 2.5 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 9 minutes, continue stirring for 6 hours, and vacuum dry at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (2) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:6:4:0.04, stirring at 215°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 11 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (3) Antistatic polyester, allyl phosphine dichloride and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:0.33:25, stirred at 50°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 8 h, and vacuum dried at 55°C for 11 h to obtain modified polyester. The melt-spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.9, allowed to stand at 95°C for 7 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0024] Comparative Example 3: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.01, stirred at 90°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 7.5 min, heated to 140°C, stirred for 2 h, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at -5°C for 24 h to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:5:0.04, stirred at 215°C, 250 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 11 hours, and cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (3) Antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:1:25, stirred at 50°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 8 h, and vacuum dried at 55°C for 11 h to obtain modified polyester; the modified polyester was immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 80°C, 250 r / min, under argon protection for 24 h, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 15 min, filtered, washed 4 times with deionized water, vacuum dried at 80°C for 24 h, melt-spun, and the spun yarn was placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.9, allowed to stand at 95°C for 7 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antistatic fiber.
[0025] Test Example 1: Flame retardancy test The limiting oxygen index was tested according to GBT / 2406 test standard. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026] Table 1
[0027] From the comparison of the experimental data in Table 1, it can be found that the antistatic fiber prepared by the present invention has good flame retardancy.
[0028] From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 1, it can be found that the limiting oxygen index of Examples 1, 2, and 3 is larger than that of Comparative Example 1, which indicates that the organic phosphorus in the bithiazole polymer can generate phosphorus-containing free radicals, which can capture hydrogen free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals in the flame area, interrupt the polymer combustion chain reaction to slow down the combustion, and generate polymetaphosphoric acid with stable structure and non-volatile in the combustion process. Polymetaphosphoric acid has a strong dehydration effect, which promotes the carbonization of the polymer into a dense and flame-retardant carbonized layer during the heating process. The carbonized layer covers the surface of the polymer, isolates the bottom material from contact with external oxygen, and hinders the external heat from being transferred to the base material, thereby effectively preventing the material from further pyrolysis and terminating the combustion of the material, improving the flame retardancy of the material, and increasing the limiting oxygen index of the material; From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be found that the limiting oxygen index of Examples 1, 2, 3 is larger than that of Comparative Example 3, which shows that the imidazolium ion can decompose to produce non-combustible gas after absorbing heat, which can dilute the concentration of oxygen in the air and combustibles produced by thermal decomposition of the polymer on the one hand, and the nitrogen oxides produced by decomposition on the other hand can capture free radicals, inhibit the chain reaction of the polymer, improve the flame retardancy of the material, and increase the limiting oxygen index of the material.
[0029] Test Example 2: Antimicrobial testing The test was carried out according to the GB / T20944 oscillation method, wherein the selected bacteria species were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0030] Table 2
[0031] From the comparison of the experimental data in Table 2, it can be found that the antistatic fiber prepared by the present invention has good antibacterial ability.
[0032] From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 2, it can be found that the antibacterial rates of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are higher than those of Comparative Example 2, indicating that the bithiazole copper complex can release copper ions, and the copper ions can directly interact with the bacterial outer membrane, or short-circuit on the cell membrane when the bacteria and the copper surface are in contact, thereby weakening the cell membrane and forming holes, interfering with cell metabolism, and after entering the cell, they can interfere with the cell's metabolic process or the action of the enzyme, causing it to lose its biological function, and ultimately leading to cell death; From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be found that the antibacterial rates of Examples 1, 2, 3 are higher than those of Comparative Example 3, indicating that imidazole salts have a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and their mechanism of action against common pathogenic microorganisms is similar to that of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial materials, that is, the positively charged imidazole salt polymer is electrostatically attracted to the bacterial cell wall, and the hydrophobic chain segment can destroy the integrity of the cell membrane, resulting in leakage of intracellular substances and ultimately leading to bacterial death, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect.
[0033] Test Example 3: Antistatic test The surface resistivity of the samples was measured using a surface resistance tester. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0034] Table 3
[0035] From the comparison of the experimental data in Table 3, it can be found that the antistatic fiber prepared by the present invention has good antistatic ability.
[0036] From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 3, it can be found that the surface resistivity of Examples 1, 2, 3 is greater than that of Comparative Example 2, which shows that the bithiazole copper complex can form a conductive layer on the surface of the material, thereby reducing its surface resistivity and allowing the generated static charge to leak quickly. At the same time, a conductive path is constructed to enable charged particles to contact, further promoting the elimination of static electricity, thereby reducing the surface resistivity of the fiber; From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be found that the surface resistivity of Examples 1, 2, 3 is greater than that of Comparative Example 3, which shows that the imidazolium ion has a hydrophilic group and a non-polar group, which enables it to absorb moisture in the air. This hygroscopicity helps to reduce the resistance of the material surface, thereby reducing the accumulation of static electricity, and can also form a molecular layer on the material surface. This layer of molecules can combine with moisture in the air to form conductive channels. These conductive channels allow charges to be quickly removed from the material surface, further enhancing its antistatic effect.
[0037] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An antistatic fiber, characterized in that: The antistatic fiber is prepared by reacting antistatic polyester and bithiazole polymer, mixing with copper sulfate pentahydrate, and spinning. The bithiazole polymer is prepared by reacting allyl phosphorus dichloride and 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole; The antistatic polyester is prepared by reacting imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol; The imidazolium ion polymer is prepared by reacting formaldehyde, glyoxal and 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine.
2. A method for preparing an antistatic fiber, characterized in that: The preparation method of the antistatic fiber mainly comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Allyl phosphorus dichloride, 2,2-diamino-4,4-bithiazole and a catalyst are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.008-0.012, stirred for 5-10 minutes at 80-100°C, 200-300 r / min, under nitrogen protection, heated to 130-150°C, stirred for 1.5-2.5 hours, poured into deionized water, filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at -10-0°C for 22-26 hours to obtain a bithiazole polymer; (2) Take 1 part of formaldehyde, 1.8-2 parts of glyoxal, 20-30 parts of methanol, 0.6-0.7 parts of oxalic acid, 0.5-0.6 parts of glacial acetic acid and 3-3.2 parts of 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine by mass, mix 3,3'-diaminodipropylamine with methanol, add oxalic acid and glacial acetic acid at a constant speed within 8-10 minutes at 24-26°C and 25-35 r / min, continue stirring for 2-3 minutes, add formaldehyde and glyoxal at a constant speed within 8-10 minutes, continue stirring for 5-7 hours, and vacuum dry at 55-65°C for 4-6 hours to obtain an imidazolium ion polymer; (3) mixing imidazolium ion polymer, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:5-7:3-5:0.03-0.05, stirring at 210-220°C, 200-300 r / min, under nitrogen protection for 10-12 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain antistatic polyester; (4) The antistatic polyester, bithiazole polymer and methanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:1:20-30, stirred at 40-60°C, 200-300 r / min, under argon protection for 7-9 hours, and vacuum dried at 50-60°C for 10-12 hours to obtain a modified polyester; the modified polyester is immersed in a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution, stirred at 70-90°C, 200-300 r / min, under argon protection for 22-26 hours, poured into deionized water, allowed to stand for 10-20 minutes, filtered, washed with deionized water for 3-5 times, vacuum dried at 70-90°C for 22-26 hours, melt-spun, and the spun yarn is placed in a parallel drawing machine with a drawing multiple of 1.8-2, allowed to stand at 90-100°C for 6-8 hours, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain an antistatic fiber.
3. The method for preparing an antistatic fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst in step (1) is aluminum chloride.
4. The method for preparing an antistatic fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific operation of washing in step (1) is washing with deionized water 3 to 5 times.
5. The method for preparing an antistatic fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst in step (3) is sodium acetate.
6. The method for preparing an antistatic fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The copper sulfate pentahydrate solution in step (4) is prepared by uniformly mixing copper sulfate pentahydrate and dimethyl sulfoxide in a mass ratio of 1:30-50.
7. The method for preparing an antistatic fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The melt spinning parameters of step (4) are: screw temperature 270-290°C, metering pump temperature 280-290°C, spinning box temperature 285-291°C, spinneret hole number 30-40 holes, spinning speed 550-650 m / min.