The invention belongs to the technical field of nanocomposites, and discloses anti-ultraviolet radiation lignin-based zinc oxide composite particles for fabric and a preparation method and application in the fabric of the particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, pH of a lignin sulfonate aqueous solution is adjusted to be alkaline, heating is conducted, an active agent is added for reacting, a carboxylated reagent is added, an isothermal reaction is conducted, and carboxylated lignin sulfonate is obtained; 2, carboxylated lignin sulfonate prepared in the first step is prepared into an aqueous solution, the pH is adjusted to be alkaline, a zinc salt is added for reacting, reacting is conducted by heating, the pH is adjusted to be 9 to 11, reacting is conducted continuously, a cross-linking agent is added for reacting, cooling, ageing, separating and drying are conducted, and the lignin-based zinc oxide composite particles are obtained. According to the composite particles, agglomeration among nano zinc oxide particles is overcome, the particles are dispersed uniformly, adhesion to fabric fibers is improved, effective protection of UVA and UVB full-wave bands is provided, and the problem that the ultraviolet-protection capacity is limited is solved.