Novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of textile dyeing and finishing, and discloses a novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process. The process comprises the steps of enzyme treatment, low-bath-ratio low-tension airflow dyeing, supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning and intelligent control. Cellulase and pectinase are adopted in enzyme treatment to improve the fiber surface structure; the airflow dyeing reduces the fiber water absorption rate and ensures uniform dyeing by low bath ratio and specific parameters; residual dye and auxiliaries are removed at low temperature through supercritical CO2 cleaning, and the elastic fibers are protected; in intelligent control, data are collected through a sensor and are compared and analyzed with a database, and process parameters are dynamically adjusted. Through detection, the fabric in the embodiment is excellent in color and object hardness, dimensional stability, environmental safety and the like, and the fabric in the embodiment III is better. The dyeing quality is effectively improved, the production efficiency is improved, the environmental influence is reduced, and wide application prospects and popularization values are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of textile dyeing and finishing, and in particular to a novel dyeing process for biomass fiber blended elastic fabrics. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fiber blended elastic fabrics are popular because they combine the excellent properties of biomass fibers (such as lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, etc.) with the elasticity of elastic fibers (such as spandex fibers). However, there are many challenges in the dyeing process:

[0003] The chemical properties of blended fibers vary significantly, resulting in uneven dye adsorption performance, which ultimately leads to a significant reduction in dyeing uniformity. For example, lyocell fibers and spandex fibers are completely different in molecular structure and chemical composition, and have significantly different affinities for dyes, which makes it easy for uneven color to occur after dyeing.

[0004] Biomass fibers are highly hydrophilic and absorb a large amount of water during the dyeing process. Excessive water absorption not only changes the concentration distribution of the dye solution, but may also cause fiber swelling, deformation and other problems, seriously affecting the dyeing quality. Bamboo fibers, for example, have abundant hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups, and are very easy to absorb excessive water during traditional dyeing.

[0005] Elastic fibers have poor thermal stability and are prone to deformation when dyed at high temperatures, which directly weakens the elastic properties of the fabric and reduces product quality. When the temperature of spandex fibers exceeds a certain threshold, their molecular chain structure is easily destroyed and their elastic recovery ability is significantly reduced. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a new dyeing process for biomass fiber blended elastic fabric.

[0007] (I) Pretreatment stage: enzyme treatment technology

[0008] Cellulase and pectinase are used to treat biomass fiber blended elastic fabrics. Cellulase can selectively degrade the cellulose components on the surface of biomass fibers, while pectinase acts on non-cellulose components such as pectin. This enzyme treatment method can effectively improve the surface structure of biomass fibers, reduce impurities and irregularities on their surfaces, and thus significantly improve the uniformity of dye adsorption. For example, under the conditions of specific concentration, temperature, pH value and treatment time, cellulase can accurately decompose part of the cellulose molecular chains on the surface of lyocell fibers, making it easier for dye molecules to approach the adsorption sites inside the fibers, while pectinase further cleans the pectin substances on the fiber surface, creating more favorable conditions for uniform dyeing.

[0009] (II) Dyeing stage: low bath ratio, low tension airflow dyeing technology

[0010] The use of low bath ratio (such as 1:20) and low tension airflow dyeing technology greatly reduces the immersion time of fabrics in the dye solution. Compared with traditional immersion dyeing, this measure can effectively reduce the water absorption rate of biomass fibers and avoid dyeing quality problems caused by excessive water absorption. At the same time, the low tension environment helps to protect elastic fibers and reduce the risk of deformation during the dyeing process.

[0011] Air flow agitation plays a key role in the dyeing process. The air flow generated by compressed air atomizes the dye solution and sprays it evenly on the surface of the fabric. 3 / min), the dye liquor and fabric can achieve full contact, promote uniform adsorption and diffusion of the dye, and further improve dyeing uniformity. Moreover, during the dyeing process of heating to 90-100℃ and keeping warm for 30-60 minutes, by adjusting the airflow direction and spray angle, it can ensure that all parts of the fabric are heated evenly, avoiding the problem of inconsistent dyeing caused by local temperature differences.

[0012] (III) Post-dyeing cleaning: supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning technology

[0013] For the first time, supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning technology was introduced into the post-dyeing treatment of elastic fabrics. During post-dyeing cleaning, the dyed fabrics are first placed in the supercritical fluid cleaning equipment, the cabin is sealed and evacuated to 0.01-0.05MPa, and then liquid CO2 is pumped in and the temperature is adjusted to 40-50℃ and the pressure is 9-12MPa to make the CO2 reach a supercritical state. Supercritical CO2 has a good solubility for dyes and auxiliaries, and can effectively remove residual dyes and auxiliaries on the fabric at a lower temperature. Compared with traditional high-temperature water washing, this technology avoids the damage of high temperature to elastic fibers, while reducing the consumption of water resources and sewage discharge. During the supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning process, the convection formed on the surface of the fabric can efficiently take away the residual dye, and the high-pressure fluid can also take out the moisture in the fabric. The entire cleaning process lasts 15-30 minutes.

[0014] (IV) Intelligent control: Intelligent control system

[0015] The entire dyeing process uses an intelligent control system, and temperature, pressure, pH, and flow sensors are installed at different key locations of enzyme treatment, dyeing, and cleaning equipment to collect various process parameters in real time. Establish a dyeing process expert database covering the best process combinations for different fiber components, dye types, and color depths. Develop intelligent control software, receive sensor data through the edge computing unit, and compare and analyze it with the process database, and dynamically adjust the process parameters of each execution unit according to the preset optimization objective function. The optimized process parameters are fed back to the control system of enzyme treatment, dyeing, and cleaning equipment to form a closed-loop control, and continuously iterate and optimize to ensure that the dyeing quality is stable at the optimal level. For example, when the sensor detects that the temperature in the airflow dyeing machine during the dyeing process is slightly lower than the set value, the intelligent control software will adjust the power of the heating device in time to bring the temperature back to the appropriate range; in the post-dyeing cleaning link, if the pressure of the supercritical CO2 fluid fluctuates, the system will automatically adjust the working state of the pump to maintain a stable cleaning pressure.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention forms a set of highly targeted and innovative solutions by optimizing and combining fiber modification, dyeing equipment, cleaning process, intelligent control and other aspects. It not only effectively improves the dyeing quality of biomass fiber blended elastic fabrics, making them dyed evenly, with high color fastness and soft feel, but also significantly improves production efficiency and reduces negative impacts on the environment. It has broad application prospects and important promotion value in the textile dyeing and finishing industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the equipment and control system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enzyme treatment process of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the supercritical CO2 scrubbing system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the comprehensive monitoring system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0026] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0027] Enzyme treatment:

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, first, the biomass fiber blended elastic fabric is placed in a cellulase solution with a concentration of 1-2% for soaking. At this time, the bath ratio is strictly controlled to be 1:20, the temperature is accurately maintained in the range of 45-55°C, and the pH value is ensured to be between 6.5-7.5, and the treatment time is controlled to be 30-60 minutes. Then, a pectinase solution with a concentration of 0.5-1% is used for secondary treatment. Except for the different concentrations of the enzyme solution, the other process parameters such as bath ratio, temperature, and pH value are consistent with the previous cellulase treatment steps. After these two steps of enzyme treatment, the total time must be controlled within 90 minutes. Finally, the enzyme-treated fabric is rinsed with clean water at room temperature until it reaches a neutral state, and then dehydrated to make the moisture content of the fabric at 30-50%.

[0029] dyeing:

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the enzyme-treated fabric is carefully placed inside the airflow dyeing machine, and disperse dye is added, with the dye dosage set to 1-5% of the fabric weight. Then, the airflow device is started, and a strong airflow is generated with the help of compressed air to atomize the dye solution and spray it evenly on the fabric surface. During this process, the airflow pressure must be accurately controlled between 0.2-0.4MPa, and the flow rate is maintained at 1-3m 3 / min. Then, the temperature is raised to 90-100℃ and kept at this temperature for 30-60 minutes to complete the dyeing process. During the dyeing process, the airflow direction and spray angle are cleverly adjusted to ensure that all parts of the fabric are heated evenly, so as to achieve dyeing consistency. After the dyeing is completed, the heating is stopped immediately and cold air is continuously introduced for 10-20 minutes until the fabric temperature drops smoothly below 60℃.

[0031] Cleaning after dyeing:

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the dyed fabric is placed steadily in the supercritical fluid cleaning equipment, and the sealed cabin is vacuumed to a pressure of 0.01-0.05MPa. Next, liquid CO2 is pumped into the cabin, and the temperature is carefully adjusted to 40-50℃ and the pressure is adjusted to 9-12MPa, so that CO2 can smoothly reach the supercritical state. At this time, supercritical CO2 has excellent solubility for dyes and auxiliaries. In this state, the supercritical CO2 fluid forms efficient convection on the surface of the fabric, effectively removing residual dyes. At the same time, the high-pressure fluid can also take out the moisture in the fabric. The entire cleaning process lasts 15-30 minutes. After cleaning, release the pressure to allow CO2 to return to gaseous state and be discharged out of the cabin. Finally, take out the fabric and dry it at 50-60℃ for 5-10 minutes to adjust the moisture content of the fabric to 8-12%.

[0033] Intelligent Control:

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, various sensors, including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, pH sensors and flow sensors, are installed at different key positions of enzyme treatment equipment, dyeing equipment and cleaning equipment to collect relevant parameters of each process link in real time. A dyeing process expert database is constructed, which covers the optimal process combination information corresponding to different fiber components, different dye types and different color depths. Special intelligent control software is developed to receive the data collected by the sensor with the help of edge computing units, and accurately compare and analyze it with the process database. According to the preset optimization objective function, the process parameters of each execution unit are adjusted dynamically and intelligently. The optimized process parameters will be fed back to the control system of enzyme treatment, dyeing and cleaning equipment in a timely manner, thus forming an efficient closed-loop control system, and through continuous iterative optimization, the dyeing quality is effectively ensured to be stable at the optimal level.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] Fabric preparation: Choose elastic fabric blended from lyocell fiber and spandex fiber, with a fabric weight of 100 kg.

[0037] Enzyme treatment:

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the fabric is immersed in a 1.5% cellulase solution, with a bath ratio of 1:20, a temperature of 50° C., a pH value of 7, and a treatment time of 45 minutes.

[0039] Then, the mixture was treated with a 0.8% pectinase solution for a second time, with the same parameters as before, and the total duration of the two-step enzyme treatment was 80 minutes. After the treatment, the mixture was rinsed with clean water at room temperature until neutral, and dehydrated to a moisture content of 40%.

[0040] dyeing:

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, put it into the air flow dyeing machine and add 3 kg of disperse dye.

[0042] Start the air flow device, air flow pressure 0.3MPa, flow rate 2m 3 / min, raise the temperature to 95℃ and keep it for 45 minutes for dyeing. During the process, adjust the airflow to ensure uniform heating.

[0043] After dyeing, cool air is passed through for 15 minutes to reduce the temperature to below 60°C.

[0044] Cleaning after dyeing:

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, put it into the supercritical fluid cleaning equipment and evacuate it to 0.03MPa.

[0046] Pump in liquid CO2, adjust the temperature to 45°C and the pressure to 10 MPa, and clean for 20 minutes.

[0047] After cleaning, release the pressure, discharge CO2, and dry at 55℃ for 8 minutes to reduce the moisture content of the fabric to 10%.

[0048] Intelligent control: Each device collects data with sensors installed according to preset settings, compares the data with the expert database, and uses intelligent software to adjust process parameters to form a closed-loop control. The final result is a biomass fiber blended elastic fabric with uniform dyeing, high color fastness, soft feel, and environmental protection and energy saving.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] Fabric preparation: Bamboo fiber and spandex blended elastic fabric, weight 80 kg.

[0051] Enzyme treatment:

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the fabric was immersed in a 1% cellulase solution, with a bath ratio of 1:20, a temperature of 45°C, a pH value of 6.5, and treated for 30 minutes.

[0053] The seeds were treated with 0.5% pectinase solution for a total of 70 minutes, rinsed neutrally and dehydrated to a moisture content of 30%.

[0054] dyeing:

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, place it in an air flow dyeing machine and add 2 kg of disperse dye.

[0056] Air flow pressure 0.2MPa, flow rate 1m 3 / min, raise the temperature to 90℃, keep it warm for 30 minutes for dyeing and adjust the airflow for uniform heating.

[0057] After dyeing, cool down with cold air for 10 minutes.

[0058] Cleaning after dyeing:

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, put it into the supercritical fluid cleaning equipment and evacuate it to 0.01MPa.

[0060] Pump in liquid CO2, adjust the temperature to 40°C, the pressure to 9MPa, and clean for 15 minutes.

[0061] After decompression and exhaust, dry at 50℃ for 5 minutes to make the moisture content of the fabric 8%.

[0062] Intelligent control: The intelligent system operates as in Example 1, ensuring stable dyeing quality and obtaining high-quality dyed fabrics.

[0063] Embodiment three:

[0064] Fabric preparation: Take a blended elastic fabric of lyocell, bamboo fiber and spandex, weighing 120 kg.

[0065] Enzyme treatment:

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, it was immersed in a 2% cellulase solution with a bath ratio of 1:20, a temperature of 55°C, a pH value of 7.5, and treated for 60 minutes.

[0067] The second treatment was carried out with 1% pectinase solution for a total of 90 minutes. After neutral rinsing, the soil was dehydrated to a moisture content of 50%.

[0068] dyeing:

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, put it into the air flow dyeing machine and add 5 kg of disperse dye.

[0070] Air flow pressure 0.4MPa, flow rate 3m 3 / min, raise the temperature to 100℃, keep it for 60 minutes, dye and adjust the airflow.

[0071] After dyeing, cool down with cold air for 20 minutes.

[0072] Cleaning after dyeing:

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, put it into the supercritical fluid cleaning equipment and evacuate it to 0.05MPa.

[0074] Pump in liquid CO2 at a temperature of 50°C and a pressure of 12MPa, and clean for 30 minutes.

[0075] After decompression and exhaust, dry at 60℃ for 10 minutes to make the moisture content of the fabric 12%.

[0076] Intelligent control: The intelligent control system ensures the optimization and stabilization of the dyeing process to obtain dyeing products that meet the requirements.

[0077] This table shows the test results of the dyeing process of biomass fiber mixed elastic fabric in different embodiments. The test standard is based on the national standard GB / T series test method. The table content includes test items, relevant standards and experimental results of each embodiment. The dyed fabric is comprehensively tested for color fastness, dimensional stability, moisture absorption and breathability, environmental safety and other characteristics to ensure the stability and quality of the fabric in practical applications.

[0078] Table 1:

[0079]

[0080] Data Analysis and Conclusion:

[0081] The color fastness performance is excellent: the water washing and friction fastness of all examples reach above level 4, meeting the standard requirements.

[0082] Excellent dimensional stability: Example 3 performs best, with the lowest moisture shrinkage, and the moisture permeability and air permeability demonstrate the comprehensive advantages of experimental tests.

[0083] Excellent environmental safety: pH value and residual dye content are in line with GB standards, ensuring the environmental and safety of the fabric.

[0084] Color difference and breaking strength: Example 3 has the smallest color difference, transparent breaking strength, and the best comprehensive performance, and is suitable for practical application as a high-quality fabric.

[0085] According to the test results, the fabric capabilities of different embodiments are excellent in color fastness, stability and environmental performance, and embodiment three is more suitable for advanced fabric process requirements.

[0086] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0087] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Enzyme treatment: The biomass fiber blended elastic fabric is placed in a cellulase solution and a pectinase solution in turn for treatment, and the specific parameters are: cellulase solution concentration 1%-2%, temperature 45-55°C, pH value 6.5-7.5, treatment time 30-60 minutes; pectinase solution concentration 0.5%-1%, temperature 45-55°C, pH value 6.5-7.5, treatment time 30-60 minutes; S2, low bath ratio, low tension airflow dyeing: put the enzyme-treated fabric into the airflow dyeing machine, using a low bath ratio of 1:20 and airflow dyeing technology, parameters include: airflow pressure 0.2-0.4MPa, flow rate 1-3m3 / min, dyeing temperature 90-100℃, insulation time 30-60 minutes; S3. Supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning: Place the dyed fabric in a supercritical fluid cleaning device, adjust the temperature to 40-50°C and the pressure to 9-12MPa, and clean it for 15-30 minutes to remove residual dyes and auxiliaries; S4. Intelligent control: During enzyme treatment, dyeing and cleaning, the process parameters are monitored in real time through temperature, pressure, pH and flow sensors, and the process parameters are dynamically adjusted using an intelligent control system to ensure the uniformity and stability of the dyeing effect.

2. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The total duration of the cellulase and pectinase treatment is controlled within 90 minutes, and the final moisture content of the fabric is controlled within 30%-50%.

3. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The amount of dye used in the low bath ratio air flow dyeing is 1%-5% of the weight of the fabric.

4. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the supercritical CO2 cleaning process, the vacuum pressure is 0.01-0.05 MPa.

5. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent control system uses an edge computing unit to collect data in real time, compares and analyzes it with the dyeing process database, and optimizes the process parameters of each execution unit through a closed-loop control system.

6. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dyeing process uses airflow direction and spray angle adjustment to ensure that the fabric is heated evenly and avoid inconsistent dyeing.

7. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fabric is a blended elastic fabric of lyocell fiber and spandex fiber, or a blended elastic fabric of bamboo fiber and spandex fiber.

8. The novel biomass fiber blended elastic fabric dyeing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Disperse dyes are added during the dyeing process of the process.

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