A cross-river diversion structure for collecting tail water and abandoned water downstream of a hydropower station

Abstract

The disclosure provides a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and abandoned water downstream of a hydropower station, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic engineering. The water diversion structure comprises a water release gate, a drop well, a river-crossing box culvert, a tail water guiding assembly and an abandoned water guiding assembly. The water release gate is arranged in the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station and is used to cut off the tail water of the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station. The tail water guiding assembly is connected with the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station and is used to introduce the tail water cut off by the water release gate into the drop well. The abandoned water guiding assembly is connected with the stilling basin of the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station and is used to introduce the abandoned water of the stilling basin of the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station into the drop well. The drop well has a water outlet, and the river-crossing box culvert is connected to the water outlet and is located below the river channel and is used to introduce the water in the drop well into the water diversion system. The water diversion structure has the effects of improving the flood discharge safety of the upper hydropower station, reducing the disturbance to the ecological environment and reducing the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and more specifically, to a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailwater and wastewater from the downstream of a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, it is common practice to fully utilize the tailwater from hydropower stations for power generation, irrigation, or water supply. If the wastewater discharged through spillways from upstream hydropower stations due to excessive reservoir tailwater volume could be collected and coordinated with the power generation tailwater for power generation, irrigation, or water supply, the overall benefits of the project would undoubtedly be significantly enhanced. Simultaneously, in achieving these engineering goals, the primary consideration is ensuring that the flood discharge from upstream hydropower stations is not affected, thus effectively guaranteeing the safe operation of these stations.

[0003] Traditional engineering solutions involve constructing dam structures at a safe distance downstream of the upstream hydropower station. This raises the water level, allowing the wastewater and spoil from power generation to be collected and then diverted into the riverbank water diversion system via diversion structures. However, this approach has several drawbacks. For example, it can have a significant negative impact on the river's ecosystem, altering the natural hydrological conditions and potentially leading to habitat destruction for aquatic organisms, reduced river self-purification capacity, and a range of other ecological problems. Furthermore, this method requires substantial investment in the construction and maintenance of dam structures, water diversion systems, and other facilities, resulting in generally high project costs.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailrace and spoil from downstream hydropower stations. This aims to improve the safety of upstream hydropower station flood discharge, reduce disturbance to the ecological environment, and lower construction costs.

[0006] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailwater and wastewater from the downstream of a hydropower station is provided. The water diversion structure includes a sluice gate, a drop well, a cross-river culvert, a tailwater guiding component, and a wastewater guiding component.

[0007] The drainage gate is located in the tailrace channel of the upstream hydropower station and is used to cut off the tailrace water of the upstream hydropower station.

[0008] The tailwater guiding component is connected to the tailwater channel of the upstream hydropower station and is used to guide the tailwater cut off by the sluice gate into the drop well.

[0009] The abandoned water guiding assembly is connected with the stilling basin of the upper hydropower station spillway tunnel, and is used for introducing the abandoned water of the stilling basin of the upper hydropower station spillway tunnel into the drop well.

[0010] The drop well has a water outlet, and the river-crossing box culvert is connected to the water outlet and located below the river channel, and is used for introducing the water in the drop well into the water diversion system.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure further comprises a first gradual change section and a second gradual change section; one side of the abandoned water gate is connected to one side of the tailrace channel of the upper hydropower station through the first gradual change section, and the other side is connected to the other side of the tailrace channel of the upper hydropower station through the second gradual change section.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tailrace guiding assembly comprises a water diversion inlet and a water diversion channel.

[0013] The water diversion inlet is arranged on one side of the tailrace channel of the upper hydropower station.

[0014] One side of the water diversion channel is connected to the water diversion inlet, and the other side is connected to the drop well.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion channel has a first bottom plate; wherein the thickness of the first bottom plate is between 10-30 cm.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the drop well has a second bottom plate and a side wall; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate is between 1-2 m; and the thickness of the side wall is between 0.5-2 m.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure further comprises an accident maintenance gate arranged between the river-crossing box culvert and the drop well.

[0018] The accident maintenance gate has a third bottom plate, a gate pier, a first breast wall, and a second breast wall; the thickness of the third bottom plate is between 2-3 m; the thickness of the gate pier is between 1.5-2.5 m; the thickness of the first breast wall is between 0.5-1.0 m; and the thickness of the second breast wall is between 0.5-1.0 m.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the abandoned water guiding assembly comprises an overflow weir, a wing wall, a connecting wall, and a communication gate.

[0020] One side of the communication gate is connected to one side of the stilling basin of the upper hydropower station spillway tunnel through the wing wall, and the other side of the communication gate is connected to the accident maintenance gate through the connecting wall.

[0021] The overflow weir is arranged downstream of the stilling basin of the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station, and one side of the overflow weir is connected with a river bank and the other side is connected with any one of the connecting gate, the emergency maintenance gate and the connecting wall.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the overflow weir connected with the river bank is provided with a cutoff wall; the length of the cutoff wall is between 10-15 m, and the thickness of the cutoff wall is the same as the thickness of the overflow weir.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the top surface of the overflow weir and the riverbed is between 1-3 m.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the top of the river-penetrating box culvert and the riverbed is greater than 1 m; the outlet of the river-penetrating box culvert is provided with a first connecting section and a second connecting section arranged in sequence.

[0025] The length of the first connecting section is between 10-15 m.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings herein are incorporated into the description and form part of the description, show embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the overall structure of the water diversion structure is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0029] Figure 2 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the water-retaining gate and the water-discharging gate is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0030] Figure 3 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the partial structure of the water diversion structure is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0031] Figure 4 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the related structure of the dropwell is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0032] Figure 5 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the river-penetrating box culvert is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0033] Figure 6 For an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the overflow weir is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0034] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1, tailrace of upper hydropower station; 11, water release gate; 12, first gradual transition section; 13, second gradual transition section; 14, water release gate; 2, stilling basin of spillway tunnel of upper hydropower station; 3, drop well; 31, water outlet; 32, second bottom plate; 33, side wall; 4, tailrace guiding assembly; 41, water inlet; 42, water channel; 421, first bottom plate; 422, slope; 5, river channel; 6, emergency maintenance gate; 61, third bottom plate; 62, gate pier; 63, first breast wall; 64, second breast wall; 7, abandoned water guiding assembly; 71, overflow weir; 711, impervious wall; 712, blocking part; 72, wing wall; 73, connecting wall; 74, connecting gate; 8, river-crossing box culvert; 81, first connecting section; 82, second connecting section; 83, side wall of box culvert; 84, top plate of box culvert; 85, bottom plate of box culvert; 86, gabion; 87, filling area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Example implementations will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example implementations may, however, be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the implementations set forth herein; rather, these implementations are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the inventive concept of an example implementation to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the figures, and descriptions of the same elements will be omitted from descriptions of subsequent figures. In addition, the drawings are only schematic and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0036] Although relative terms such as "upper," "lower," may be used herein to describe one component's relationship to another component of a figure, such terminology is used herein for convenience only and is not limiting of an example implementation to that particular orientation. It is to be understood that if a figure is turned over such that its "upper" portion is then an "lower" portion, the described example implementation works identically. When a structure is "on" another structure, it can be directly on or "directly on" the other structure or it can be "indirectly on" the other structure by intervening structures.

[0037] In the related art, in order to further collect the abandoned water of the upper hydropower station discharged through the flood discharge tunnel due to the large reservoir tail water, a river blocking structure is built outside the safe distance downstream of the upper hydropower station, the power generation tail water and the abandoned water are converged by the way of water level raising, and then introduced into the river bank water diversion system through the water diversion structure. However, this method has many disadvantages, such as obvious negative impact on the river ecosystem, change of natural hydrological conditions of the river, destruction of aquatic habitats, and a series of ecological problems such as decline of river self-purification ability. At the same time, a large amount of funds need to be invested in the construction and maintenance of the river blocking structure, water diversion system and other facilities during the construction process, and the engineering investment cost is generally high.

[0038] Based on this, referring to Figure 1 The application discloses a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and abandoned water downstream of a hydropower station. The water diversion structure comprises a water gate 11, a drop well 3, a river-crossing box culvert 8, a tail water guide assembly 4 and an abandoned water guide assembly 7. The water gate 11 is arranged in a tail water channel 1 of an upper hydropower station and used for cutting off tail water of the tail water channel 1. The tail water guide assembly 4 is connected with the tail water channel 1 of the upper hydropower station and used for introducing the tail water cut off by the water gate 11 into the drop well 3. The abandoned water guide assembly 7 is connected with a stilling basin 2 of a flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station and used for introducing abandoned water of the stilling basin 2 into the drop well 3. The drop well 3 has a water outlet 31, and the river-crossing box culvert 8 is connected to the water outlet 31 and located below a river 5, and used for introducing water in the drop well 3 into a water diversion system.

[0039] In the embodiment of the application, the water gate 11 cuts off the tail water of the tail water channel 1 of the upper hydropower station. When the tail water accumulates to a certain water level, the tail water enters the drop well 3 through the tail water guide assembly 4. Meanwhile, the abandoned water of the stilling basin 2 of the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station is introduced into the drop well 3 through the abandoned water guide assembly 7. The tail water and the abandoned water introduced into the drop well 3 are introduced into the water diversion system through the river-crossing box culvert 8, so as to realize subsequent utilization of the tail water and the abandoned water. Through the water diversion structure, the tail water and the abandoned water can be allocated and utilized together for power generation, irrigation or water supply, and the comprehensive benefits can be significantly improved.

[0040] It should be noted that in the drawings of the present application, there is an "arrow" mark, which mainly represents the flow direction of the tail water and the abandoned water in the water diversion structure.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the diversion structure further comprises a first gradual section 12 and a second gradual section 13; wherein one side of the water release gate 11 is connected to one side of the tailrace channel 1 of the upper hydropower station through the first gradual section 12, and the other side of the water release gate 11 is connected to the other side of the tailrace channel 1 of the upper hydropower station through the second gradual section 13. The first gradual section 12 and the second gradual section 13 are arranged to connect the water release gate 11 and the tailrace channel 1 of the upper hydropower station.

[0042] Further, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In some embodiments, to meet the discharge requirements of the ecological base flow of the river channel 5, 1-2 hole specifications of the water release gate 11 can be selected, which can also serve as the ecological base flow discharge gate 14. To improve the flexibility of regulation, the width of the 1-2 hole specifications of the water release gate 11 can be appropriately narrowed. At the same time, the water release gate 11 can be equipped with a flat plate working gate, and the following rules are followed during the daily operation of the diversion structure: when the diversion system is normally diverted, only the ecological base flow discharge gate 14 is opened, and the remaining water release gates 11 are kept closed; during the period when the riverbank diversion system stops diversion, all the water release gates 11 are fully opened to ensure that the tail water flows smoothly into the river.

[0043] In some embodiments, the tail water guiding assembly 4 comprises a diversion inlet 41 and a diversion channel 42; the diversion inlet 41 is arranged on one side of the tailrace channel 1 of the upper hydropower station; one side of the diversion channel 42 is connected to the diversion inlet 41, and the other side of the diversion channel 42 is connected to the drop well 3. Specifically, when the water release gate 11 cuts off the tail water of the tailrace channel 1 of the upper hydropower station, and the tail water accumulates to a certain water level, the tail water enters the diversion channel 42 through the diversion inlet 41, and then enters the drop well 3 through the diversion channel 42, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding the tail water into the drop well 3.

[0044] As an example, the diversion inlet 41 can be arranged as an "eight" character opening.

[0045] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The diversion channel 42 has a first bottom plate 421; wherein the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is between 10-30 cm. For example, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 can be 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm or 30 cm. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is not limited to this. By setting the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 to be between 10-30 cm, such thickness can not only ensure that the first bottom plate 421 has sufficient strength and stability to resist the erosion and erosion of the water flow, but also achieve effective control of the cost under the premise of meeting the engineering requirements.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first bottom plate 421 can be lined with concrete.

[0047] Further, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , a slope 422 can be arranged on one side of the diversion channel 42, which can be in various forms, for example, a concrete lining slope 422 can be selected according to the specific circumstances. This form of slope 422 is suitable for areas with good geological conditions and relatively gentle slopes, which can effectively utilize the natural stability of the soil and reduce the amount of engineering materials. In the case of narrow site, complex geological conditions or high requirements for slope stability, a concrete vertical retaining wall can be used, which has the advantages of compact structure, small footprint and strong lateral resistance, and can provide reliable slope protection for the diversion channel 42.

[0048] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the arrangement of the diversion channel 42 needs to be flexibly planned according to the geological conditions and the actual situation on site, fully considering factors such as topography, surrounding environment, etc. As an example, if the channel slope of the diversion channel 42 adopts the form of a lining inclined channel slope, a connecting section (not specifically marked in the drawings of the present application) can be arranged at the end of the diversion channel 42 to ensure that the diversion channel 42 can be connected with the remaining structure and meet the engineering design requirements.

[0049] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the dropwell 3 has a second bottom plate 32; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate 32 is between 1-2m. For example, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 can be 1m, 1.2m, 1.4m, 1.6m, 1.8m or 2m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is not limited to this.

[0050] In some embodiments, the dropwell 3 has a side wall 33, and the thickness of the side wall 33 is between 0.5-2m. For example, the thickness of the side wall 33 can be 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m or 2m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the side wall 33 is not limited to this.

[0051] In some embodiments, the dropwell 3 has a second bottom plate 32 and a side wall 33; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate 32 is between 1-2m; and the thickness of the side wall 33 is between 0.5-2m.

[0052] The dropwell 3 can reduce the elevation of the river-crossing box culvert 8, ensure that the river-crossing box culvert 8 maintains a sufficient distance from the riverbed surface, and avoid affecting the flood discharge of the river channel 5; at the same time, by reducing the bottom plate elevation, the river-crossing box culvert 8 inlet can have sufficient submerged water depth to meet the conditions of pressure flow under normal working conditions.

[0053] As an example, the plunge well 3 can be made of reinforced concrete. Meanwhile, the second floor 32 is lower in elevation than the end floor of the water diversion channel 42, and the distance between the second floor 32 and the end floor of the water diversion channel 42 is between 2m and 6m. In this way, the water diversion channel 42 and the river-crossing box culvert 8 can be better adapted.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the water diversion structure further comprises an emergency maintenance gate 6 disposed between the river-crossing box culvert 8 and the plunge well 3.

[0055] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a third floor 61, and the thickness of the third floor 61 is between 2m and 3m. For example, the thickness of the third floor 61 can be 2m, 2.3m, 2.6m, 2.8m or 3.0m. It should be noted that the thickness of the third floor 61 is not limited to this in other embodiments.

[0056] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a gate pier 62, and the thickness of the gate pier 62 is between 1.5m and 2.5m. The thickness of the gate pier 62 can be 1.5m, 1.7m, 1.9m, 2.1m, 2.3m or 2.5m. It should be noted that the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this in other embodiments.

[0057] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a first breast wall 63, and the thickness of the first breast wall 63 is between 0.5m and 1.0m. The thickness of the first breast wall 63 can be 0.5m, 0.7m, 0.9m or 1.0m. It should be noted that the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this in other embodiments.

[0058] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a second breast wall 64, and the thickness of the second breast wall 64 is between 0.5m and 1.0m. The thickness of the second breast wall 64 can be 0.5m, 0.7m, 0.9m or 1.0m. It should be noted that the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this in other embodiments.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the diversion structure further comprises an emergency maintenance gate 6 arranged between the river-crossing box culvert 8 and the drop well 3; wherein the emergency maintenance gate 6 has a third bottom plate 61, a gate pier 62, a first parapet 63, and a second parapet 64; the thickness of the third bottom plate 61 is between 2-3m; the thickness of the gate pier 62 is between 1.5-2.5m; the thickness of the first parapet 63 is between 0.5-1.0m; and the thickness of the second parapet 64 is between 0.5-1.0m. Specifically, the emergency maintenance gate 6 can quickly close the gate to achieve emergency water stop. Further, the first parapet 63 can effectively reduce the height of the emergency maintenance gate 6 through specific structural design, thereby optimizing the overall mechanical properties of the equipment operation; and the second parapet 64 mainly undertakes the task of resisting the flood of the river channel 5 to prevent the flood from flowing into the gate chamber and ensure the safety of the gate chamber.

[0060] As an example, the gate opening width and the number of the emergency maintenance gate 6 are completely the same as those of the river-crossing box culvert 8, which ensures the coordination and compatibility of the two in the operation of the water conservancy system and ensures smooth and stable water flow.

[0061] In some embodiments, the width of the drop well 3 can be the same as the width of the emergency maintenance gate 6. For example, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency maintenance gate 6 can be between 5-10m. For example, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency maintenance gate 6 can be 5m, 7m, 9m, or 10m, etc. It should be noted that in the remaining embodiments, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency maintenance gate 6 are not limited to this.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 , the abandoned water diversion assembly 7 comprises an overflow weir 71, a wing wall 72, a connecting wall 73, and a connecting gate 74; one side of the connecting gate 74 is connected with one side of the flood discharge tunnel stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station through the wing wall 72, and the other side of the connecting gate 74 is connected with the emergency maintenance gate 6 through the connecting wall 73; the overflow weir 71 is arranged downstream of the flood discharge tunnel stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station, one side of the overflow weir 71 is connected with the river bank, and the other side of the overflow weir 71 is connected with any one of the connecting gate 74, the emergency maintenance gate 6, and the connecting wall 73. The connecting gate 74 can introduce the abandoned water discharged from the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station into the drop well 3, and then the abandoned water and the tail water channel 1 of the upper hydropower station pass through the emergency maintenance gate 6 and the river-crossing box culvert 8 together and are introduced into the river bank diversion system.

[0063] It should be noted that when the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station discharges flood, the connecting gate 74 should be closed, and the flood is discharged to the downstream river channel 5 through the overflow weir 71; when the flood discharge tunnel discharges the abandoned water of the upper hydropower station, the connecting gate 74 should be opened to guide the abandoned water.

[0064] In this embodiment, one side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to one side of the stilling basin 2 of the upstream hydropower station's spillway tunnel via a wing wall 72, serving to guide and impound water. The other side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to the emergency maintenance gate 6 via a connecting wall 73. The connecting wall 73 not only connects the connecting gate 74 to the emergency maintenance gate but also provides access between them, facilitating routine inspection and maintenance work.

[0065] In this embodiment, the overflow weir 71 has two main functions. First, when the stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway discharges water, the overflow weir 71 can regulate the downstream water level of the stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway discharge so that the connecting gate 74 can draw water from the stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway discharge. Second, when the stilling basin 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway discharges floodwater, the floodwater can be discharged into the downstream river channel 5 through the overflow weir 71.

[0066] As an example, see Figure 1 , Figure 6 The overflow weir 71 has a trapezoidal cross-section, and the distance between the top surface of the overflow weir 71 and the riverbed is between 1 and 3 meters. This design allows the overflow weir 71 to meet the water diversion flow requirements of the connecting gate 74, while also ensuring that the safety and flood discharge capacity of the flood discharge structures are not affected when the upstream power station discharges floodwaters. It should also be noted that, ideally, the bottom surface of the overflow weir 71 foundation should be situated on bedrock. If this condition cannot be met, the foundation depth must be greater than the calculated scour depth. A baffle 712 is installed downstream of the overflow weir 71. In some embodiments, the baffle 712 can be constructed as a gabion seawall to prevent the water flow from the overflow weir 71 from scouring the downstream river channel 5.

[0067] As another example, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 is between 0.3 and 0.5 m. For example, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 can be 0.3 m, 0.4 m, or 0.5 m, etc. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 is not limited to this.

[0068] In some embodiments of this disclosure, see Figure 1 An anti-seepage wall 711 is provided on the side of the overflow weir 71 that connects to the riverbank; wherein the length of the anti-seepage wall 711 is between 10 and 15 m, and the thickness of the anti-seepage wall 711 is the same as the thickness of the overflow weir 71.

[0069] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the distance between the top of the river-crossing box culvert 8 and the riverbed is greater than 1m; the outlet of the river-crossing box culvert 8 has a first connecting section 81 and a second connecting section 82 arranged sequentially; wherein, the length of the first connecting section 81 is between 10 and 15m. For example, the length of the first connecting section 81 can be 10m, 12m, 14m or 15m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the length of the first connecting section 81 is not limited to these.

[0070] It should be understood that in some embodiments, the first connecting segment 81 and the second connecting segment 82 can be an integral structure to form an integral connecting segment, which is arranged in a figure-eight shape.

[0071] The constructed river-crossing culvert 8 can introduce water (tailwater and wastewater) into the water diversion system. In this embodiment, the first connecting section 81 enables submerged outflow at the outlet of the river-crossing culvert 8.

[0072] As an example, the river-crossing box culvert 8 has box culvert sidewalls 83, box culvert top slab 84 and box culvert bottom slab 85, wherein the thickness of the box culvert sidewalls 83, box culvert top slab 84 and box culvert bottom slab 85 is set between 0.5 and 1m.

[0073] As another example, the height of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is generally between 1 and 4 meters. For instance, the height of the river-crossing box culvert 8 can be 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, or 3 meters. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the height of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is not limited to this.

[0074] As another example, the width of the river-crossing box culvert 8 ranges from 1 to 8 meters. For instance, the width of the river-crossing box culvert 8 can be 1 meter, 3 meters, 5 meters, 7 meters, or 8 meters. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the width of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is not limited to these values.

[0075] As another example, the height of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is generally between 1 and 4 meters, and the width of the river-crossing box culvert 8 ranges from 1 to 8 meters.

[0076] Further, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 To prevent flooding from scouring and damaging the downstream section of the culvert 8 along the river channel 5, gabions 86 are installed on the downstream sidewall of the culvert 8 along the river channel 5. The gabions 86 are typically arranged in a stepped pattern, and a filling area 87 is provided within the gabions 86. As an example, the filling area 87 can be filled with large stones. A figure-eight shaped connection section is provided at the outlet of the culvert 8. Thus, by setting the outlet of the culvert 8 in a figure-eight shape, a seamless connection between the culvert 8 and the water diversion system can be achieved.

[0077] Further, a water retaining wall (marked in the drawings) can be arranged at the outlet of the river-crossing box culvert 8, and the water retaining wall is connected with the splayed connecting section to prevent the water flow in the river 5 from entering the splayed connecting section.

[0078] In summary, the water diversion structure has the following advantages: first, it can ensure that the water diversion process does not interfere with the flood discharge operation of the upper hydropower station; second, it can minimize the impact on the ecological environment of the river 5; third, it can effectively reduce the construction cost; fourth, the tail water and the discharge water of the upper hydropower station can be used for power generation, irrigation and water supply, which is not restricted by the water diversion environment. It can be understood that the advantages of the water diversion structure shown in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0079] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art with the consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptive changes of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field of the present disclosure that are not disclosed by the present disclosure. The specification and examples are only considered as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cross-river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and abandoned water downstream of a hydroelectric power station, characterized in that, The water diversion structure comprises a water cutoff gate, a drop well, a river-crossing box culvert, a tail water guiding assembly, and a waste water guiding assembly. The water cutoff gate is arranged in a tail water channel of an upper hydropower station, and is used to cut off tail water of the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station. The tail water guiding assembly is connected with the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station, and is used to guide the tail water cut off by the water cutoff gate into the drop well. The waste water guiding assembly is connected with a stilling basin of a spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station, and is used to guide waste water of the stilling basin of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station into the drop well. The drop well has a water outlet, and the river-crossing box culvert is connected to the water outlet and located below a river channel, and is used to guide water in the drop well into a water diversion system. The water diversion structure further comprises an emergency maintenance gate arranged between the river-crossing box culvert and the drop well. The emergency maintenance gate has a third bottom plate, a gate pier, a first parapet, and a second parapet; the thickness of the third bottom plate is between 2 and 3 m; the thickness of the gate pier is between 1.5 and 2.5 m; the thickness of the first parapet is between 0.5 and 1.0 m; and the thickness of the second parapet is between 0.5 and 1.0 m. The waste water guiding assembly comprises an overflow weir, a wing wall, a connecting wall, and a communication gate. One side of the communication gate is connected with one side of the stilling basin of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station through the wing wall, and the other side of the communication gate is connected with the emergency maintenance gate through the connecting wall. The overflow weir is arranged downstream of the stilling basin of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station, one side of the overflow weir is connected with a river bank, and the other side of the overflow weir is connected with any one of the communication gate, the emergency maintenance gate, and the connecting wall.

2. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and abandoned water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water diversion structure further comprises a first gradual change section and a second gradual change section; one side of the water cutoff gate is connected with one side of the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station through the first gradual change section, and the other side of the water cutoff gate is connected with the other side of the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station through the second gradual change section.

3. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and abandoned water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail water guiding assembly comprises a water diversion inlet and a water diversion channel. The water diversion inlet is arranged at one side of the tail water channel of the upper hydropower station. One side of the water diversion channel is connected with the water diversion inlet, and the other side of the water diversion channel is connected with the drop well.

4. The cross-river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and abandoned water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water diversion channel has a first bottom plate; the thickness of the first bottom plate is between 10 and 30 cm.

5. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and reject water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, wherein The drop well has a second bottom plate and a side wall; the thickness of the second bottom plate is between 1 and 2 m; and the thickness of the side wall is between 0.5 and 2 m.

6. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and reject water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, wherein One side of the overflow weir connected with the river bank is provided with a diaphragm wall; the length of the diaphragm wall is between 10 and 15 m, and the thickness of the diaphragm wall is the same as the thickness of the overflow weir.

7. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and reject water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the top surface of the overflow weir and the river bed is between 1 and 3 m.

8. The cross river diversion structure for collecting tailrace and reject water downstream of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the top of the river-crossing box culvert and the river bed is greater than 1 m; and the river-crossing box culvert has a first connecting section and a second connecting section arranged in sequence at the outlet of the river-crossing box culvert. The length of the first connecting section is between 10 and 15 m.

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