Raft plate structure at foundation pit and raft plate

Abstract

The raft structure at the foundation pit comprises a pit body and brick forming dies arranged on the periphery of the pit body, a cushion layer, a waterproof layer and a raft are arranged in the pit body, the cushion layer is arranged at the bottom of the pit body, the waterproof layer is arranged between the cushion layer and the raft, and the brick forming dies are arranged on the periphery of the pit body. The waterproof layer comprises a first waterproof part and a second waterproof part, the first waterproof part covers the upper end face of the cushion layer and the inner circumferential wall of the brick blank film, the second waterproof part is used for sealing the junction of the brick blank film and the waterproof layer and the bent position of the brick blank film again, and the second waterproof part is arranged on the upper end face of the first waterproof part; an anti-floating assembly for preventing the raft plate from floating in the pit body is arranged between the cushion layer and the raft plate, one end of the anti-floating assembly and the cushion layer are integrally formed in a casting mode, the other end of the anti-floating assembly and the raft plate are integrally formed in a casting mode, at least one spraying seat mechanism used for containing an external spraying device is arranged on the brick blank film, the spraying seat mechanism is arranged in the direction of the pit body, and the spraying seat mechanism is provided with a plurality of spraying holes. The raft structure at the foundation pit is good in waterproofness, simple in structure and good in anti-floating effect, and the raft is not prone to overheating cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit raft slabs, in particular to a foundation pit raft slab structure and a raft slab. Background Art

[0002] In the building foundation pit, the foundation pit raft is a form of foundation. Its primary function is to bear the upper structure load of the building. At the same time, the foundation pit raft also needs to have good waterproofness, anti-settlement, high stability and other characteristics. During the construction of the foundation pit raft, the construction workers first construct the bottom of the foundation pit to make it more stable, and then build the raft in the foundation pit so that the raft structure at the foundation pit is combined with the raft to form a relatively complete foundation pit. The existing raft structure at the foundation pit is usually waterproofed by laying rolls. However, since there are many bends in the foundation pit, the waterproof performance of these bends is weak. The solution of waterproofing by laying rolls alone cannot meet the waterproofing requirements. The raft slab is threatened by buoyancy under high water level, the connection strength between the raft slab and the cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation pit is low, and the anti-floating ability is weak. If the water level is high at the cushion layer, the existing raft slab cannot resist the buoyancy caused by the high water level, and the anti-floating effect is poor. The raft slab structure and raft slab at the existing foundation pit are generally formed by casting concrete, and the surface temperature of the concrete is high after casting, and it is easy to crack due to high temperature. The existing foundation pit does not have a cooling mechanism, and generally requires manual pipe spraying for cooling, which is complicated to operate, easy to consume manpower, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and manual water spraying is prone to uneven cooling, which is easy to affect the strength and service life of the foundation pit. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method to solve the problems of poor waterproofness, complex structure, easy overheating and cracking of the raft, and poor anti-floating effect mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a raft structure at a foundation pit, comprising a pit body and a brick membrane arranged around the pit body, wherein a cushion layer, a waterproof layer and a raft are arranged in the pit body, the cushion layer is placed at the bottom of the pit body, the waterproof layer is placed between the cushion layer and the raft, the waterproof layer comprises a first waterproof portion covering the upper end surface of the cushion layer and the inner circumferential wall of the brick membrane, and a second waterproof portion for re-sealing the junction between the brick membrane and the waterproof layer and the bending part of the brick membrane, the second waterproof portion is placed on the upper end surface of the first waterproof portion, an anti-floating component is arranged between the cushion layer and the raft to prevent the raft from floating in the pit body, one end of the anti-floating component is integrally cast with the cushion layer, and the other end is integrally cast with the raft, at least one spray seat mechanism for placing an external sprayer is arranged on the brick membrane, and the spray seat mechanism is arranged toward the pit body.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, a steel bar base is provided in the cushion layer, and a plurality of pads are evenly distributed between the steel bar base and the bottom of the pit body for forming a gap between the steel bar base and the bottom of the pit body.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the anti-floating components includes a first tie rod for abutting against the steel bar base, the first tie rod is provided with a clamping ring, a positioning bolt is passed through the clamping ring, the clamping ring is sleeved on the steel bar base, and the first tie rod can be cast integrally with the steel bar base to form the cushion layer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the anti-floating components also includes a second tie bar for connecting to the raft and a connecting bar for connecting the first tie bar and the second tie bar, the second tie bar is rotatably connected to the connecting bar, a rotating part is arranged between the second tie bar and the connecting bar, and the second tie bar is arranged flat relative to the connecting bar.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second tie rod is integrally cast with the raft slab.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating part includes an insertion cavity arranged on the connecting reinforcement, a limiting block is arranged in the insertion cavity, a limiting chamber is formed between the limiting block and the bottom of the insertion cavity, an adjustment groove is arranged on the side wall of the limiting block facing the opening direction of the insertion cavity, an elastic limiting plate is arranged at the position of the second tensioning rod corresponding to the limiting chamber, the second tensioning rod is partially inserted in the limiting chamber and can form an axial sliding limit with the limiting block, and an adjustment block is arranged at the position of the second tensioning rod corresponding to the adjustment groove, and the adjustment block can be inserted with the adjustment groove to form a circumferential limit.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the adjustment groove is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration, and the adjustment block is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration matching the adjustment groove.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spray seat mechanism includes a spray seat fixedly connected to the brick membrane, and the spray seat is provided with a clamping head for clamping an external sprinkler, and the clamping head is arranged toward the pit body.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spray seat mechanism includes a spray seat fixedly connected to the brick membrane, and the spray seat is provided with a clamping head for clamping an external sprinkler, and the clamping head is arranged toward the pit body.

[0013] The present scheme also provides a raft slab, comprising a steel frame and concrete. The raft slab is formed by pouring concrete on the steel frame. The raft slab is arranged in coordination with the raft slab structure at the foundation pit. The raft slab structure at the foundation pit adopts the raft slab structure at the foundation pit as described in any of the above-mentioned improved schemes. The raft slab and the raft slab structure at the foundation pit are cast into shape.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention arranges a waterproof layer between the cushion layer and the raft slab, and adopts a second waterproof part to waterproof the bending part of the brick membrane and the junction between the brick membrane and the waterproof layer again, thereby strengthening the waterproof effect and avoiding groundwater leakage. The anti-floating component is arranged so that the raft slab can have an anti-floating effect after being poured in the foundation pit, thereby avoiding excessive buoyancy generated after groundwater leakage to damage the integrity of the building and affect the life of the building. The one-piece casting technology is adopted to integrally cast one end of the anti-floating component and the raft slab, and the other end of the anti-floating component and the cushion layer are integrally cast, which has higher strength and is not easy to break. The spray seat mechanism is arranged on the brick membrane to cool the concrete during the construction of the foundation pit or the raft slab, thereby avoiding overheating and cracking of the concrete, and improving the strength and service life of the concrete after casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the raft slab before being cast in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a pit body casting cushion layer in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the anti-floating assembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a rotating member of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1, brick membrane; 2, pit body; 3, cushion layer; 4, waterproof layer; 5, raft; 6, anti-floating assembly; 7, spray seat mechanism 41, first waterproof part; 42, second waterproof part; 31, steel bar base; 32, cushion block; 61, first tie bar; 62, second tie bar; 63, connecting bar; 64, rotating part; 641, insert cavity; 642, limit block; 643, limit chamber; 644, adjustment slot; 645, elastic limit piece; 646, adjustment block; 71, spray seat; 72, clamping head; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] As shown in the figure, a raft 5 structure at a foundation pit of the present embodiment includes a pit body 2 and a brick membrane 1 arranged around the pit body 2, a cushion layer 3, a waterproof layer 4 and a raft 5 are arranged in the pit body 2, the cushion layer 3 is placed at the bottom of the pit body 2, the waterproof layer 4 is placed between the cushion layer 3 and the raft 5, the waterproof layer 4 includes a first waterproof portion 41 covering the upper end surface of the cushion layer 3 and the inner circumferential wall of the brick membrane 1 and a second waterproof portion 42 for re-sealing the junction between the brick membrane 1 and the waterproof layer 4 and the bending part of the brick membrane 1, the second waterproof portion 42 is placed on the upper end surface of the first waterproof portion 41, an anti-floating component 6 is arranged between the cushion layer 3 and the raft 5 to prevent the raft 5 from floating in the pit body 2, one end of the anti-floating component 6 is integrally cast with the cushion layer 3, and the other end is integrally cast with the raft 5, at least one spray seat 71 mechanism 7 for placing an external sprayer is arranged on the brick membrane 1, and the spray seat 71 mechanism 7 is arranged toward the pit body 2.

[0023] When implementing this scheme, the technicians in this field first accurately excavate the pit body 2 according to the design drawings to ensure that its size, depth and slope meet the design standards; after the pit body 2 is formed, the bottom is carefully leveled and compacted to lay a solid foundation for subsequent operations; brick membrane 1 is built around the pit body 2. The brick membrane 1 in this scheme is the same as the brick membrane 1 in the prior art. It is made of bricks that meet the strength standards and cement mortar, and the inner wall of the brick membrane 1 is flat, which is convenient for the subsequent construction of the waterproof layer 4; after the construction of the brick membrane 1 is completed, a cushion layer 3 is laid at the bottom of the pit body 2, and then The waterproof layer 4 is laid between the cushion layer 3 and the raft 5; the cushion layer 3 in this scheme is cast by concrete, and the waterproof layer 4 is constructed in two steps. First, the first waterproof part 41 is laid, and the waterproof roll is fully covered with the upper end surface of the cushion layer 3 and the inner wall of the brick membrane 1; when laying the waterproof roll, the overlap width and adhesion firmness of the roll must be ensured. After the first waterproof part 41 is completed, the junction of the brick membrane 1 and the waterproof layer 4 and the bending part of the brick membrane 1 are sealed again with waterproof paint. When applying the waterproof paint, it is necessary to ensure that the coating thickness is uniform and meets the standard; the second waterproof part 42 is completed. The anti-floating component 6 is installed between the cushion layer 3 and the raft 5, and the two ends of the anti-floating component 6 are cast and formed integrally with the cushion layer 3 and the raft 5 respectively. Finally, at least one spray seat 71 mechanism 7 is installed on the brick membrane 1 according to the design requirements, ensuring that it is facing the direction of the pit body 2 to prepare for subsequent construction maintenance or other spraying operations. The adoption of this solution can effectively avoid the problem of concrete cracking or poor waterproofness after construction. The raft 5, cushion layer 3, and anti-floating component 6 cooperate to achieve a better anti-floating effect.

[0024] As an improved specific implementation, a steel base 31 is provided in the cushion layer 3, and a plurality of pads 2 are evenly distributed between the steel base 31 and the bottom of the pit body 2 for forming a gap between the steel base 31 and the bottom of the pit body 2.

[0025] When implementing this solution, before laying the cushion layer 3, it is necessary to prepare a steel base 31 and several pads 2; the pads 2 determine the height according to the design requirements and are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pit 2; the steel base 31 is placed on the pads 2, and a stable frame structure can be constructed by welding or binding steel bars; during this process, technical personnel in this field should check the uniform distribution of the pads 2 and the position accuracy of the steel base 31 to ensure that the gap required for the construction is formed between the steel base 31 and the bottom of the pit 2, so that concrete can be poured in the gap during subsequent construction to enhance the overall strength of the pads 2.

[0026] As an improved specific embodiment, each of the anti-floating components 6 includes a first tie rod 61 for abutting against the steel base 31, the first tie rod 61 is provided with a clamping ring, a positioning bolt is passed through the clamping ring, the clamping ring is sleeved on the steel base 31, and the first tie rod 61 can be cast integrally with the steel base 31 to form the cushion layer 3.

[0027] When implementing this solution, the technicians in this field abut one end of the first tie bar 61 on each anti-floating component 6 against the steel base 31, then put the clamp ring on the corresponding position of the steel base 31, insert the positioning bolt and tighten it, so that the first tie bar 61 is firmly connected to the steel base 31. This corresponding position can be a position set by the technicians in this field according to the design requirements to increase the anti-floating effect; when pouring the concrete of the cushion layer 3, ensure that the first tie bar 61 and the steel base 31 are fully integrated into the concrete, and the cushion layer 3 is cast as a whole. During the construction process, it is necessary to check the tightness of the clamp ring and the positioning bolt, as well as the abutment state of the first tie bar 61 and the steel base 31, to ensure a firm connection and avoid displacement and other problems during the concrete pouring process. The anti-floating component 6 cast by this solution is connected to the cushion layer 3 at one end, and the other end is set toward the raft 5 position.

[0028] As an improved specific embodiment, each of the anti-floating components 6 also includes a second tie rod 62 for connecting to the raft 5 and a connecting rod 63 for connecting the first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62, the second tie rod 62 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 63, a rotating part 64 is arranged between the second tie rod 62 and the connecting rod 63, and the second tie rod 62 is arranged flat relative to the connecting rod 63.

[0029] When the present scheme is implemented, technicians in this field will firmly connect the connecting reinforcement 63 with the first tensioning reinforcement 61 fixed on the steel base 31 by welding. The second tensioning reinforcement 62 is flat. The second tensioning reinforcement 62 is rotationally connected to the connecting reinforcement 63. Technicians in this field can rotate the second tensioning reinforcement 62 to adjust its angle before pouring the raft 5. Since the second tensioning reinforcement 62 is rotationally connected to the connecting reinforcement 63, the rotation angle can be adjusted according to needs, and can be set in directions such as parallel, vertical, and inclined to the end face of the raft 5.

[0030] As an improved specific implementation, the second tie rod 62 and the raft 5 are integrally cast.

[0031] Integrally casting the second tie rod 62 and the raft 5 saves time and effort and improves the connection strength.

[0032] As an improved specific embodiment, the rotating member 64 includes an insertion cavity 641 arranged on the connecting rod 63, a limiting block 642 is arranged in the insertion cavity 641, a limiting chamber 643 is formed between the limiting block 642 and the bottom of the insertion cavity 641, an adjustment groove 644 is arranged on the side wall of the limiting block 642 facing the opening direction of the insertion cavity 641, an elastic limiting plate 645 is arranged at the position of the second tension rod 62 opposite to the limiting chamber 643, the second tension rod 62 is partially inserted in the limiting chamber 643 and can form an axial sliding limit with the limiting block 642, and an adjustment block 646 is arranged at the position of the second tension rod 62 corresponding to the adjusting groove 644, and the adjusting block 646 can be inserted with the adjusting groove 644 to form a circumferential limit.

[0033] When implementing this solution, a person skilled in the art sets an insertion cavity 641 on the connecting bar 63, and the size of the insertion cavity 641 matches the limit block 642; the limit block 642 is installed in the insertion cavity 641, and it is ensured that the limit block 642 and the bottom of the insertion cavity 641 form a limit chamber 643 of appropriate size. A cross-shaped adjustment groove 644 is machined on the side wall of the limit block 642 facing the opening direction of the insertion cavity 641 according to the design requirements. A matching cross-shaped adjustment block 646 is machined at the corresponding position of the second tie bar 62. The second tie rod 62 is partially inserted into the limit chamber 643 so that the adjustment block 646 is accurately plugged into the adjustment groove 644 to form a circumferential limit. At the same time, the elastic limit plate 645 arranged on the second tie rod 62 is deformed under pressure until it completely enters the limit chamber 643 and then returns to its original state. It can also limit the second tie rod 62 when it moves toward the opening of the insertion cavity 641. At this time, the elastic limit plate 645 is against the limit block 642, so that the second tie rod 62 and the limit block 642 form an axial sliding limit.

[0034] As an improved specific implementation, the adjustment groove 644 is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration, and the adjustment block 646 is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration that matches the adjustment groove 644 .

[0035] The use of the cross-shaped adjustment slot 644 can ensure the diversity of the adjustment angle, and the adjustable angle can be set according to the needs of technical personnel in this field.

[0036] As an improved specific embodiment, the spray seat 71 mechanism 7 includes a spray seat 71 fixedly connected to the brick membrane 1, and the spray seat 71 is provided with a clamping head 72 for clamping an external sprayer, and the clamping head 72 is arranged toward the pit body 2.

[0037] When implementing this scheme, technical personnel in this field determine the installation position on the brick membrane 1 according to the design requirements; prepare the spray seat 71 and the clamping head 72, and the spray seat 71 is firmly connected to the brick membrane 1 by expansion bolts or other fixing methods approved by the design; install the clamping head 72 for clamping the external sprinkler on the spray seat 71, and ensure that the installation direction of the clamping head 72 is toward the pit body 2. When in use, place the spray head on the clamping head 72 and align the water outlet with the pit body 2 for spraying. The spray head in this scheme can use an atomizing nozzle.

[0038] The present scheme also provides a raft 5, comprising a steel frame and concrete. The raft 5 is formed by pouring concrete on the steel frame. The raft 5 is arranged in coordination with the raft 5 structure at the foundation pit. The raft 5 structure at the foundation pit adopts the raft 5 structure at the foundation pit as described in any of the above-mentioned improved schemes. The raft 5 and the raft 5 structure at the foundation pit are cast into shape.

[0039] The raft slab 5 structure at the foundation pit mentioned above can be applied to a raft slab 5. When the raft slab 5 adopts the above embodiment, the technicians in this field cast the second tie rod 62 and the raft slab 5 as one piece, and make the raft slab 5 and the raft slab 5 structure at the foundation pit cooperate with each other. Thereafter, the technicians in this field check the connection between the two as required.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A raft structure at a foundation pit, comprising a pit body and a brick membrane arranged around the pit body, wherein a cushion layer, a waterproof layer and a raft are arranged in the pit body, characterized in that: The cushion layer is placed at the bottom of the pit body, the waterproof layer is placed between the cushion layer and the raft plate, the waterproof layer includes a first waterproof portion covering the upper end surface of the cushion layer and the inner circumferential wall of the brick membrane, and a second waterproof portion for re-sealing the junction between the brick membrane and the waterproof layer and the bending part of the brick membrane, the second waterproof portion is placed on the upper end surface of the first waterproof portion, an anti-floating component is arranged between the cushion layer and the raft plate to prevent the raft plate from floating in the pit body, one end of the anti-floating component is integrally cast with the cushion layer, and the other end is integrally cast with the raft plate, at least one spray seat mechanism for placing an external sprayer is arranged on the brick membrane, and the spray seat mechanism is arranged toward the pit body.

2. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel bar base is arranged in the cushion layer, and a plurality of pads are evenly arranged between the steel bar base and the bottom of the pit body for forming a gap between the steel bar base and the bottom of the pit body.

3. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the anti-floating components includes a first tie rod for abutting against a steel bar base, the first tie rod is provided with a clamping ring, a positioning bolt is passed through the clamping ring, the clamping ring is sleeved on the steel bar base, and the first tie rod can be integrally cast with the steel bar base to form the cushion layer.

4. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the anti-floating components also includes a second tie bar for connecting to the raft and a connecting bar for connecting the first tie bar and the second tie bar, the second tie bar is rotatably connected to the connecting bar, a rotating part is arranged between the second tie bar and the connecting bar, and the second tie bar is arranged flat relative to the connecting bar.

5. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second reinforcement is integrally cast with the raft slab.

6. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating part includes an insertion cavity arranged on the connecting reinforcement, a limiting block is arranged in the insertion cavity, a limiting chamber is formed between the limiting block and the bottom of the insertion cavity, an adjustment groove is arranged on the side wall of the limiting block facing the opening direction of the insertion cavity, an elastic limiting sheet is arranged at the position of the second tensioning reinforcement corresponding to the limiting chamber, the second tensioning reinforcement is partially inserted in the limiting chamber and can form an axial sliding limit with the limiting block, and an adjustment block is arranged at the position of the second tensioning reinforcement corresponding to the adjustment groove, and the adjustment block can be inserted with the adjustment groove to form a circumferential limit.

7. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting groove is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration, and the adjusting block is arranged in a cross-shaped configuration matching the adjusting groove.

8. The raft structure at the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray seat mechanism comprises a spray seat fixedly connected to the brick membrane, and the spray seat is provided with a clamping head for clamping an external sprayer, and the clamping head is arranged toward the pit body.

9. A raft slab, comprising a steel frame and concrete, wherein the raft slab is formed by pouring concrete on the steel frame, wherein: The raft slab is arranged in coordination with the raft slab structure at the foundation pit, and the raft slab structure at the foundation pit adopts the raft slab structure at the foundation pit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the raft slab and the raft slab structure at the foundation pit are cast.

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