A high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of excavation equipment technology, and more particularly to a high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering, comprising a tractor, an adjustment frame at the tail of the tractor, a transmission cylinder inside the adjustment frame, a limit plate outside the transmission cylinder, and a digging shovel at the end of the limit plate away from the transmission cylinder. A wedge-shaped track is formed at the bottom of the digging shovel, and a crushing channel is formed at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped track, containing a crushing section. During operation, soil falls into the digging shovel, and as the shovel rises, the soil passes through the wedge-shaped track and the crushing channel before falling into the transmission cylinder. Spiral blades transport the soil to a dispersion component, which can throw the soil further and over a wider area, resulting in more uniform soil dispersion and preventing thick soil accumulation. Ultimately, the soil is returned to the field without causing soil erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavation equipment technology, and more particularly to a high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Civil engineering is a general term for the science and technology of constructing various land engineering facilities. It refers not only to the materials and equipment used and the technical activities such as surveying, design, construction, maintenance and repair, but also to the objects of engineering construction.

[0003] Agricultural drainage and irrigation both require extensive use of irrigation canals, especially in arid regions like Northwest China, where crops rely heavily on them. Current canal excavation technology primarily utilizes small excavators. These excavators mimic the movement of a human arm, meaning they can only dig one at a time. After each excavation, the excavated soil is typically transported away by truck, increasing transportation costs and causing soil erosion. Alternatively, the excavated soil is simply piled up at the edge of the field, as the large blocks are unsuitable for direct planting, thus occupying arable land. Therefore, a more efficient excavation device for effectively handling excavated soil is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-efficiency excavating device for civil engineering includes a tractor. An adjusting frame is located at the tail of the tractor. A transmission cylinder is located inside the adjusting frame. A limit plate is located outside the transmission cylinder. A digging shovel is located at the end of the limit plate away from the transmission cylinder. A wedge-shaped track is formed at the bottom of the digging shovel. A crushing channel is located at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped track. A crushing section is located within the crushing channel. A conveying mechanism is provided on the adjusting frame for transporting soil from the transmission cylinder to the outside. The crushing section includes two crushing belts. One of the crushing belts... A drive shaft is provided on the inner side of one end of the crushing belt, and a driven shaft is provided on the inner side of the other end of the crushing belt. One end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing channel, and the other end of the drive shaft extends to the outer side of the crushing channel. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing channel, and a slider is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove. The slider is rotatably connected to the driven shaft, and a spring is provided between the slider and the arc-shaped groove. A drive mechanism for driving the drive shaft to rotate is provided on the inner side of the adjusting frame; a transmission assembly is provided on the side of the adjusting frame for driving the transmission cylinder to rotate.

[0007] Preferably, the material conveying mechanism includes a drive device 1 disposed on one side of the adjustment frame. The output end of the drive device 1 extends into the transmission cylinder and is connected to a first transmission rod. A spiral blade is disposed on the outer side of the first transmission rod. A limit cylinder is disposed on the side of the transmission cylinder away from the drive device 1. The limit cylinder is rotatably connected to the adjustment frame. A dispersing component for throwing soil into the field is disposed at one end of the limit cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the dispersing component includes a guide cylinder rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder, the guide cylinder being fixedly connected to the adjustment frame, a dispersing groove being provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder, a driving device three being provided at the bottom end of the dispersing groove, the output end of the driving device three extending into the dispersing groove and connected to a dispersing protrusion, at least one dispersing plate being distributed on the outer side of the dispersing protrusion, and a discharge port being provided on the side of the dispersing groove.

[0009] Preferably, baffles are provided on both sides of the discharge port.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving bevel gear disposed on an output end of the driving device, a limiting seat disposed on the end face of the transmission cylinder, a second transmission rod rotatably connected to the limiting seat, a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear disposed at one end of the second transmission rod, and a driving assembly disposed between the other end of the second transmission rod and the driving shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a worm gear disposed at one end of the drive shaft, and a worm is disposed at one end of the second transmission rod. The worm is located between the two worm gears, and the worm and the worm gears are meshed together.

[0012] Preferably, multiple limiting plates are provided, and the multiple limiting plates are distributed in a ring at equal intervals about the axis of the transmission cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a second driving device disposed on the side of the adjustment frame, a driving roller disposed at the output end of the second driving device, a driven roller disposed on the outer side of the limiting cylinder, and the driven roller and the driving roller being connected by a transmission belt.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. During operation, the second drive device drives the drive roller to rotate, which in turn drives the driven roller to rotate via a transmission belt. The driven roller then drives the transmission cylinder to rotate via a limit cylinder. The transmission cylinder drives the digging shovel to rotate and begin digging the land. After the soil falls into the digging shovel, as the shovel rises, the soil passes through the wedge-shaped slide and the breaking channel in sequence and falls into the transmission cylinder. The spiral blades transport the soil to the dispersion component. The dispersion component can throw the soil further and over a wider area, thus dispersing the soil more evenly and preventing the soil layer from accumulating too thickly. This ensures that the soil is returned to the field and does not cause soil loss.

[0016] 2. In operation, the drive device drives the first transmission rod to rotate, which in turn drives the spiral blades and the drive bevel gear to rotate. The drive bevel gear then drives multiple driven bevel gears to rotate. The driven bevel gears drive the worm gear to rotate via the second transmission rod. The worm gear then drives two worm wheels to rotate in opposite directions. The two crushing belts crush large pieces of soil into smaller pieces through compression. The smaller pieces of soil then fall into the transmission cylinder. After falling into the soil, the smaller pieces of soil are more conducive to the growth of crops. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the excavation equipment structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the combination structure of the adjustment frame and the transmission cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the adjustment frame and transmission cylinder at another angle provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the material conveying mechanism and the crushing section provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the crushing section structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of a distributed component provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the transmission cylinder and the digging shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a transmission cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 9A schematic diagram of another angle of a partial cross-section of the limiting cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 10 The present invention provides an embodiment of the invention. Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] 1. Traction machine; 2. Adjusting frame; 3. Transmission cylinder; 4. Limiting plate; 5. Digging shovel; 6. Wedge-shaped slide; 7. Crushing channel; 8. Drive device one; 9. First transmission rod; 10. Spiral blade; 11. Limiting cylinder; 12. Driven roller; 13. Transmission belt; 14. Drive device two; 15. Drive roller; 16. Guide cylinder; 17. Dispersion trough; 18. Discharge port; 19. Drive device three; 20. Dispersion plate; 21. Drive bevel gear; 22. Limiting seat; 23. Driven bevel gear; 24. Second transmission rod; 25. Worm; 26. Worm wheel; 27. Drive shaft; 28. Driven shaft; 29. ​​Slider; 30. Spring; 31. Arc-shaped slide; 32. Crushing belt; 33. Dispersion protrusion; 34. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] A high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering includes a tractor 1, an adjustment frame 2 at the tail of the tractor 1, a transmission cylinder 3 inside the adjustment frame 2, a limit plate 4 outside the transmission cylinder 3, a digging shovel 5 at the end of the limit plate 4 away from the transmission cylinder 3, a wedge-shaped slide 6 at the bottom of the digging shovel 5, a crushing channel 7 at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped slide 6, the crushing channel 7 penetrating into the interior of the transmission cylinder 3, and a crushing section inside the crushing channel 7. The crushing section is used to crush the soil brought out by the digging shovel 5 into appropriately sized particles, which then fall into the interior of the transmission cylinder 3. A conveying mechanism is provided on the adjustment frame 2 to transport the soil inside the transmission cylinder 3 to the outside.

[0032] The crushing section includes two crushing belts 32. A drive shaft 27 is provided on the inner side of one end of each crushing belt 32, and a driven shaft 28 is provided on the inner side of the other end. One end of the drive shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing channel 7, and the other end of the drive shaft 27 extends to the outer side of the crushing channel 7. An arc-shaped groove 31 is provided on the inner wall of the crushing channel 7, and a slider 29 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove 31. The slider 29 is rotatably connected to the driven shaft 28, and a spring 30 is provided between the slider 29 and the arc-shaped groove 31. A drive mechanism for rotating the drive shaft 27 is provided on the inner side of the adjusting frame 2. Crushing protrusions are distributed on the outer side of each crushing belt 32. The two crushing belts 32 are not parallel and are symmetrical about the central axis of the crushing channel 7. With the excavator shovel 5 on top, the two crushing belts 32 form a channel that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom in the crushing channel 7. 5. Soil falls from the wedge-shaped chute 6 into the crushing channel 7. Under the action of the two crushing belts 32, larger clods of soil are crushed and then fall into the transmission cylinder 3. The slider 29 is an arc-shaped block, and the spring 30 is an arc-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped chute 31. The slider 29 can slide in the arc-shaped chute 31. The spring 30 is set between the bottom of the arc-shaped chute 31 and the slider 29. When the soil contains hard objects such as stones, and the crushing belt 32 cannot crush it, the slider 29 will squeeze the spring 30. The slider 29 slides into the arc-shaped chute 31, and the outlet formed by the crushing belt 32 will expand. The hard objects will fall directly into the transmission cylinder 3. This will not cause the crushing belt 32 to be jammed or damaged. Under normal conditions, the spring 30 will apply a thrust to the crushing belt 32 through the slider 29. Under the action of the thrust, the crushing belt 32 is enough to crush large clods of soil into small pieces.

[0033] The side of the adjustment frame 2 is equipped with a transmission component, which drives the transmission cylinder 3 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission cylinder 3 can drive the digging shovel 5 to rotate, and the rotating digging shovel 5 can bring the soil out of the ground.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the conveying mechanism includes a drive device 8 located on one side of the adjusting frame 2. The output end of the drive device 8 extends into the transmission cylinder 3 and is connected to a first transmission rod 9. A spiral blade 10 is provided on the outer side of the first transmission rod 9. A limiting cylinder 11 is provided on the side of the transmission cylinder 3 away from the drive device 8. The limiting cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame 2. A dispersing component for throwing soil into the field is provided at one end of the limiting cylinder 11. The spiral blade 10 abuts against the inner wall of the transmission cylinder 3. When the crushed soil falls into the transmission cylinder 3, the drive device 8 drives the spiral blade 10 to rotate through the first transmission rod 9. Since the transmission cylinder 3 itself also rotates, when the spiral blade 10 and the transmission cylinder 3 rotate at different angular velocities, the spiral blade 10 will transport the soil to the dispersing component, and then throw it into the field through the dispersing component, thus returning the soil to the field.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the dispersing assembly includes a guide cylinder 16 rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder 3. The guide cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the adjusting frame 2. A dispersing groove 17 is provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder 16. A driving device 3 19 is provided at the bottom end of the dispersing groove 17. The output end of the driving device 3 19 extends into the dispersing groove 17 and is connected to a dispersing protrusion 33. At least one dispersing plate 20 is distributed on the outer side of the dispersing protrusion 33. A discharge port 18 is opened on the side of the dispersing groove 17. Baffles 34 are respectively provided on both sides of the discharge port 18. The cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the adjusting frame 2 by a support rod. The guide cylinder 16 is preferably an arc-shaped structure with the opening facing downwards, which can give the soil an acceleration, making it easier for the soil to fall into the dispersing trough 17. The dispersing trough 17 is inclined at the bottom of the guide cylinder 16, and the outlet 18 is inclined upwards, so the soil will move along a parabolic path. This allows the soil to be scattered further and over a wider area, preventing the soil layer from accumulating too thickly. This makes the soil more evenly dispersed and convenient for use in farmland.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the drive mechanism includes a drive bevel gear 21 mounted on the output end of the drive device 8. A limit seat 22 is provided on the end face of the transmission cylinder 3. A second transmission rod 24 is rotatably connected to the limit seat 22. One end of the second transmission rod 24 is provided with a driven bevel gear 23 that meshes with the drive bevel gear 21. A drive assembly is provided between the other end of the second transmission rod 24 and the drive shaft 27. The drive assembly includes a worm gear 26 mounted on one end of the drive shaft 27 and a worm 25 mounted on one end of the second transmission rod 24. The worm 25 is located between the two worm gears 26. The transmission cylinder 3 is connected to the worm gear 26. Multiple limiting plates 4 are provided, and the multiple limiting plates 4 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals about the axis of the transmission cylinder 3. Multiple digging shovels 5 are evenly distributed on the outside of the transmission cylinder 3, so there are multiple wedge-shaped slides 6 and multiple crushing channels 7. Each crushing channel 7 is provided with two crushing belts 32. The driving bevel gear 21 drives multiple driven bevel gears 23 to rotate at the same time. The driven bevel gears 23 drive the worm gear 25 to rotate through the second transmission rod 24. The worm gear 25 drives two worm wheels 26 to rotate at the same time. The two worm wheels 26 rotate in opposite directions.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a second drive device 14 disposed on the side of the adjustment frame 2. The output end of the second drive device 14 is provided with a drive roller 15, and a driven roller 12 is disposed on the outer side of the limiting cylinder 11. The driven roller 12 and the drive roller 15 are connected by a transmission belt 13. The second drive device 14 drives the drive roller 15 to rotate, and the drive roller 15 drives the driven roller 12 to rotate through the transmission belt 13. The driven roller 12 drives the transmission cylinder 3 to rotate through the limiting cylinder 11, and the transmission cylinder 3 drives the digging shovel 5 to rotate to start the digging operation.

[0038] In summary, the efficient excavation equipment for civil engineering provided in this embodiment involves the tractor 1 moving to the excavation location and lowering the equipment. When the excavating shovel 5 contacts the ground, drive devices 1, 2, and 3 simultaneously activate. Drive device 2 14 then drives drive roller 15 to rotate, which in turn drives driven roller 12 via transmission belt 13. Driven roller 12, in turn, drives transmission cylinder 3 via limit cylinder 11. Transmission cylinder 3 then drives excavating shovel 5 to rotate and begin excavating the soil. After the soil falls into excavating shovel 5, as the shovel 5 rises, the soil falls from the wedge-shaped chute 6 into the breaking channel 7 and into the two breaking belts 32. Simultaneously, drive device 1... 8 drives the first transmission rod 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the spiral blade 10 and the drive bevel gear 21 to rotate. The drive bevel gear 21 drives multiple driven bevel gears 23 to rotate. The driven bevel gears 23 drive the worm gear 25 to rotate via the second transmission rod 24. The worm gear 25 drives two worm wheels 26 to rotate in opposite directions. The two crushing belts 32 crush large pieces of soil into smaller pieces by compression. The smaller pieces of soil fall into the transmission cylinder 3. The spiral blade 10 transports the soil to the guide cylinder 16. The soil then falls along the guide cylinder 16 into the dispersion trough 17. The drive device 3 19 drives the dispersing plate 20 to rotate, and then throws the soil out of the dispersion trough 17 and into the farmland.

[0039] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency excavation device for civil engineering, comprising a tractor (1), characterized in that, The tail of the traction machine (1) is provided with an adjustment frame (2), the inner side of the adjustment frame (2) is provided with a transmission cylinder (3), the outer side of the transmission cylinder (3) is provided with a limit plate (4), the end of the limit plate (4) away from the transmission cylinder (3) is provided with a digging shovel (5), the bottom of the digging shovel (5) is provided with a wedge-shaped slide (6), the bottom end of the wedge-shaped slide (6) is provided with a crushing channel (7), the crushing channel (7) is provided with a crushing part, and the adjustment frame (2) is provided with a material conveying mechanism for transporting the soil in the transmission cylinder (3) to the outside. The crushing section includes two crushing belts (32). A drive shaft (27) is provided on the inner side of one end of the crushing belt (32), and a driven shaft (28) is provided on the inner side of the other end of the crushing belt (32). One end of the drive shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing channel (7), and the other end of the drive shaft (27) extends to the outer side of the crushing channel (7). An arc-shaped groove (31) is provided on the inner wall of the crushing channel (7). A slider (29) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove (31). The slider (29) is rotatably connected to the driven shaft (28). A spring (30) is provided between the slider (29) and the arc-shaped groove (31). A drive mechanism for driving the drive shaft (27) to rotate is provided on the inner side of the adjusting frame (2). The side of the adjustment frame (2) is provided with a transmission component for driving the transmission cylinder (3) to rotate.

2. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material conveying mechanism includes a drive device (8) disposed on one side of the adjustment frame (2). The output end of the drive device (8) extends into the transmission cylinder (3) and is connected to a first transmission rod (9). A spiral blade (10) is disposed on the outer side of the first transmission rod (9). A limiting cylinder (11) is disposed on the side of the transmission cylinder (3) away from the drive device (8). The limiting cylinder (11) is rotatably connected to the adjustment frame (2). A dispersing component for throwing soil into the field is disposed at one end of the limiting cylinder (11).

3. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dispersing component includes a guide cylinder (16) rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder (3), the guide cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to the adjustment frame (2), the bottom of the guide cylinder (16) is provided with a dispersing groove (17), the bottom end of the dispersing groove (17) is provided with a driving device three (19), the output end of the driving device three (19) extends into the dispersing groove (17) and is connected to a dispersing protrusion (33), at least one dispersing plate (20) is distributed on the outer side of the dispersing protrusion (33), and a discharge port (18) is opened on the side of the dispersing groove (17).

4. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, Baffles (34) are provided on both sides of the discharge port (18).

5. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive bevel gear (21) disposed on the output end of the drive device (8), a limit seat (22) disposed on the end face of the transmission cylinder (3), a second transmission rod (24) rotatably connected to the limit seat (22), a driven bevel gear (23) meshing with the drive bevel gear (21) disposed at one end of the second transmission rod (24), and a drive assembly disposed between the other end of the second transmission rod (24) and the drive shaft (27).

6. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a worm gear (26) disposed at one end of the drive shaft (27), and a worm (25) disposed at one end of the second transmission rod (24). The worm (25) is located between the two worm gears (26), and the worm (25) and the worm gears (26) are meshed together.

7. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple limiting plates (4) are provided, and the multiple limiting plates (4) are distributed in a ring at equal intervals about the axis of the transmission cylinder (3).

8. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a second drive device (14) disposed on the side of the adjustment frame (2), a drive roller (15) is disposed at the output end of the second drive device (14), a driven roller (12) is disposed on the outer side of the limiting cylinder (11), and the driven roller (12) and the drive roller (15) are connected by a transmission belt (13).

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