Radial air volume adjusting device for long-pressure short-suction air supply shaft of fully-mechanized excavation face and calibration method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully-mechanized excavation face long-pressure short-suction air supply shaft radial air volume adjusting device and a calibration method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust control. The device comprises an air adjusting barrel connected to an air supply barrel and an air adjusting plate arranged in the air adjusting barrel, a radial air outlet and an axial air outlet are formed in the air adjusting barrel, the air adjusting plate is detachably installed through a fixing clamp, a ventilation opening in the air adjusting plate is coaxial with the axial air outlet, and the radial air outlet ratio of the axial air outlet is adjusted by changing the size of the ventilation opening. The calibration method comprises the steps that air adjusting plates with various ventilation opening sizes are manufactured according to the sectional area of an air supply air duct; the front and back air volumes Q1 and Q2 of the air volume adjusting device are measured through the calibration system, the axial and radial air outlet ratio K = Q2 / (Q1-Q2) is calculated, and a corresponding relation table of the K value and the size of the ventilation opening is established. The problems that in the prior art, air volume adjustment is large in randomness and the dust control effect is unstable are solved by accurately adjusting the axial and radial air volume and quantifying the air outlet ratio, and the air volume adjusting device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust control, and relates to a radial air volume regulating device and a calibration method for a long-pressure and short-extraction air supply shaft of a fully mechanized excavation working face. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of coal mining technology and the significant improvement of mechanization level in my country, fully mechanized excavation faces have been widely used in coal production. However, along with the improvement of excavation efficiency, the problem of dust pollution has become increasingly serious. The dust generated by fully mechanized excavation faces not only poses a serious threat to the health of operators, but may also cause safety accidents such as dust explosions, affecting mine safety production. According to statistics, excessive dust concentration in the underground working environment of coal mines has become one of the main factors affecting the occupational health of operators, especially coal dust and rock dust generated during excavation. Because of their fine particles and strong dispersion, they are easily inhaled into the human body. Long-term exposure may lead to occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. Therefore, controlling dust pollution in fully mechanized excavation faces has become a key technical issue that needs to be urgently solved in the field of coal mine safety production and occupational health.

[0003] Among the dust control technologies for comprehensive excavation working faces, the long-pressure short-extraction ventilation and dust removal technology is considered to be one of the most effective dust prevention measures at present. This technology arranges a compressed air system and an exhaust system on the excavation working face, uses compressed air to deliver fresh air to the working face, and discharges the dust-containing air through the exhaust system, thereby achieving directional migration and control of dust. The core of the long-pressure short-extraction system is to form a stable dust control airflow field through reasonable air volume distribution, among which the ratio of the axial air volume to the radial air volume of the air supply duct (i.e., the axial-radial air outlet ratio) plays a vital role in the dust control effect. The axial air volume is mainly responsible for delivering fresh air to the depth of the working face, while the radial air volume is used to form an air curtain to prevent dust from spreading outward. However, in actual applications, due to the complexity of underground working conditions and the limitations of air volume adjustment methods, the control of the axial-radial air outlet ratio is often difficult to achieve precision and standardization, resulting in unstable dust control effects.

[0004] At present, the air supply ducts commonly used in comprehensive excavation working faces are mostly made of soft materials, and the adjustment of the axial and radial air output mainly relies on manual experience, which is carried out by manually squeezing or adjusting the duct outlet. This method is not only inefficient, but also the adjustment results vary from person to person, lacking scientific basis and quantitative standards. In the underground working environment, operators usually temporarily adjust the air volume according to the on-site dust concentration and their own feelings, and cannot guarantee that each adjustment can achieve the best dust control effect. In addition, soft ducts are prone to aging, deformation or breakage during long-term use, further exacerbating the instability of air volume distribution. In the prior art, although there are some studies on air volume adjustment devices, such as controlling the air volume by setting baffles or valves, these devices are mostly aimed at the adjustment of a single air outlet direction, and it is difficult to simultaneously meet the precise distribution requirements of axial and radial air volumes, and no systematic calibration method has been proposed to quantify the air outlet ratio under different adjustment states. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a radial air volume adjustment device and calibration method for the long-pressure and short-extraction air supply shaft of the comprehensive excavation working face, aiming to achieve precise adjustment and quantitative calibration of the radial air outlet ratio of the shaft, thereby improving the dust control effect stability of the long-pressure and short-extraction system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A radial air volume regulating device for a long-pressure and short-extraction air supply axis of a comprehensive excavation working face comprises an air regulating cylinder connected to an air supply cylinder and an air regulating plate arranged in the air regulating cylinder, wherein the air regulating cylinder is provided with a radial air outlet and an axial air outlet; the air regulating plate is detachably mounted between the radial air outlet and the axial air outlet by means of a fixing card, and the air regulating plate is provided with a ventilation hole coaxial with the axial air outlet of the air regulating cylinder, and the effective area of ​​the axial air outlet is changed by the ventilation hole, thereby adjusting the axial-radial air outlet ratio.

[0008] Furthermore, the vents on the air regulating plate have various specifications and sizes, one end of the fixing clamp is hinged, and the other end is detachably connected by bolts; the fixing clamp clamps the air regulating plate in the air regulating cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided between the fixing card and the air regulating tube.

[0010] A calibration method for the radial air volume regulating device of the long pressure and short extraction air supply shaft of the comprehensive excavation working face based on the above-mentioned method comprises the following steps:

[0011] Determine the cross-sectional area of ​​the vents of different types of air dampers, calculate the diameter of the vents of the air dampers corresponding to 0.2 to 0.9 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the air supply duct, and make multiple air dampers with different vent sizes;

[0012] The axial-radial air outlet ratio of different types of air regulating plates is calibrated through the calibration system. The air volume regulating device and the corresponding type of air regulating plate are installed in the calibration system. The air volume test device is installed 8 to 10 meters before and after the air volume regulating device to measure the air volumes Q1 and Q2 before and after the air volume regulating device; Q1 is the supply air volume, Q2 is the axial air volume, (Q1-Q2) is the radial air volume, and the axial-radial air outlet ratio K is calculated according to calculate;

[0013] Establish a corresponding relationship table between the axial-radial air outlet ratio K and the ventilation opening size of the air regulating plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The present invention realizes precise adjustment of axial and radial air volumes by providing an air regulating tube and a replaceable air regulating plate, thus overcoming the problem of large randomness in adjustment of traditional soft air ducts.

[0016] 2. The corresponding relationship between the ventilation opening sizes of different air regulating plates and the axial-radial air outlet ratio was quantified through the calibration method, which provided a scientific adjustment basis for underground operations and improved the stability and repeatability of the dust control effect.

[0017] 3. The device has a simple structure and is easy to install. It is suitable for air supply ducts of different specifications and has strong practicality and promotion value.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the radial air volume regulating device of the long-pressure and short-extraction air supply shaft in the comprehensive excavation working face in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an air regulating plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a calibration system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1-air supply fan; 2-flow test device; 3-air volume adjustment device; 31-air regulating cylinder; 32-air regulating plate; 33-fixing card; 34-ventilation port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0026] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the radial air volume regulating device for the long-pressure and short-extraction air supply shaft of the comprehensive excavation working face provided by the present invention comprises an air regulating cylinder 31 and an air regulating plate 32. The air regulating cylinder 31 is connected to the air supply cylinder, and the air regulating cylinder 31 is provided with a radial air outlet and an axial air outlet. The air regulating plate 32 is detachably installed in the air regulating cylinder 31 through a fixing card 33, one end of the fixing card 33 is hinged, and the other end is fixed by bolts, and is provided with a sealing gasket to ensure sealing.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the air regulating plate 32 is provided with a vent 34 coaxial with the axial air outlet, and the diameters of the vents 34 of different air regulating plates 32 are different, and are used to adjust the axial air outlet area.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific implementation steps of the calibration method of the air volume regulating device in this embodiment are as follows:

[0030] First, according to the cross-sectional area of ​​the air supply duct, a plurality of air regulating plates 32 with ventilation opening diameters of 0.2 to 0.9 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the duct are manufactured; the air regulating plates are shown in the following table:

[0031] Air supply duct diameter / mm <![CDATA[Air duct area / m 2 > <![CDATA[0.9 times the area of the hair dryer / m 2 > Diameter of air regulating plate vent / mm 800 0.50 0.45 757 1000 0.79 0.71 951 Air supply duct diameter / mm <![CDATA[Air duct area / m 2 > <![CDATA[0.85 times the area of the hair dryer / m 2 > Diameter of air regulating plate vent / mm 800 0.50 0.43 740 1000 0.79 0.67 924 Air supply duct diameter / mm <![CDATA[Air duct area / m 2 > <![CDATA[0.8 times the area of the hair dryer / m 2 > Diameter of air regulating plate vent / mm 800 0.50 0.4 714 1000 0.79 0.63 896 Air supply duct diameter / mm <![CDATA[Air duct area / m 2 > <![CDATA[0.75 times the area of the hair dryer / m 2 > Diameter of air regulating plate vent / mm 800 0.50 0.38 696 1000 0.79 0.59 867

[0032] Then, the air supply fan 1, flow test device 2 and air volume adjustment device 3 are installed in the calibration system. The air volume test device is installed 8 to 10 meters before and after the air volume adjustment device to measure the air volumes Q1 and Q2 before and after the air volume adjustment device; Q1 is the air supply volume, Q2 is the axial air volume, (Q1-Q2) is the radial air volume, and the axial-radial air flow ratio K is calculated according to calculate;

[0033] Finally, a table showing the correspondence between K value and vent diameter is compiled.

[0034] In actual applications, the air volume of the dust control duct is the radial air volume. The operator can replace the air regulating plate of corresponding specifications according to the axial-radial air outlet ratio requirements.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radial air volume regulating device for a long pressure and short extraction air supply shaft of a fully mechanized excavation working face, characterized in that: It includes an air regulating cylinder connected to the air supply cylinder and an air regulating plate arranged in the air regulating cylinder, wherein the air regulating cylinder is provided with a radial air outlet and an axial air outlet; the air regulating plate is detachably installed between the radial air outlet and the axial air outlet through a fixing card, and the air regulating plate is provided with a ventilation hole coaxial with the axial air outlet of the air regulating cylinder, and the effective area of ​​the axial air outlet is changed through the ventilation hole, thereby adjusting the axial-radial air outlet ratio.

2. The radial air volume regulating device for the long pressure and short extraction air supply axis of the comprehensive excavation working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vents on the air regulating plate have various specifications and sizes. One end of the fixing clamp is hinged, and the other end is detachably connected by bolts; the fixing clamp clamps the air regulating plate in the air regulating cylinder.

3. The radial air volume regulating device for the long pressure and short extraction air supply shaft of the comprehensive excavation working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided between the fixing card and the air regulating cylinder.

4. A calibration method for the radial air volume regulating device of the long pressure and short extraction air supply shaft of the comprehensive excavation working face according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: Determine the cross-sectional area of ​​the vents of different types of air dampers, calculate the diameter of the vents of the air dampers corresponding to 0.2 to 0.9 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the air supply duct, and make multiple air dampers with different vent sizes; The axial-radial air outlet ratio of different types of air regulating plates is calibrated through the calibration system. The air volume regulating device and the corresponding type of air regulating plate are installed in the calibration system. The air volume test device is installed 8 to 10 meters before and after the air volume regulating device to measure the air volumes Q1 and Q2 before and after the air volume regulating device; Q1 is the supply air volume, Q2 is the axial air volume, (Q1-Q2) is the radial air volume, and the axial-radial air outlet ratio K is calculated according to calculate; Establish a corresponding relationship table between the axial-radial air outlet ratio K and the ventilation opening size of the air regulating plate.

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