Vertical shaft exhaust system for radial cave depot type data center and construction method of vertical shaft exhaust system

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical shaft exhaust system for a radiation type cave depot type data center and a construction method of the vertical shaft exhaust system, and belongs to the technical field of cave depot type data centers. The vertical shaft exhaust system is arranged in a mountain and comprises a ventilation hub cavern A and an exhaust vertical shaft, the exhaust vertical shaft comprises a centralized air duct section and a distributed exhaust structure, the lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A, and the distributed exhaust structure is connected with the upper end of the centralized air duct section. And communicating with the top of the mountain. Wherein the ventilation hub cavern A and the centralized air duct section are each of a single-channel structure, and the excavation volume and the construction cost of the vertical shaft exhaust system can be remarkably reduced; the distributed exhaust structure is of a multi-channel structure, air and smoke can be rapidly and efficiently exhausted to the top of the mountain, meanwhile, the anti-explosion capacity of the vertical shaft exhaust system is improved, and it is guaranteed that the vertical shaft exhaust system can still conduct normal exhaust and operation when part of channels are damaged and blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a shaft exhaust system for a radiation cavern-type data center and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cavern-type data centers. Background Art

[0002] Because it is buried underground, cavern-type data centers have the typical advantages of high security, high concealment, high protection, and high energy efficiency, and thus become a new direction for the development of data centers. However, considering the relative closedness of the cavern-type data center structure, it is necessary to focus on its ventilation in daily operation and smoke exhaust requirements in fire accidents. Cavern-type data centers usually use ventilation systems or exhaust systems for ventilation and smoke exhaust.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN116648044A discloses an explosion-proof transverse ventilation system and construction method suitable for cave-type data centers. The explosion-proof transverse ventilation system includes an upper transverse exhaust structure, a middle-layer communication structure, and a lower cave-type data center main structure, which are three-dimensionally crossed in upper, middle, and lower layers. The upper transverse exhaust structure, the middle-layer communication structure, and the lower cave-type data center main structure are all multi-channel structures. The air inlet port of the lower cave-type data center main structure is connected to the integrated air supply system, and the air outlet port is interconnected with the upper transverse exhaust structure through the middle-layer communication structure. It can realize remote and precise control of the wind flow inside the data center, and provide a reliable ventilation system for normal ventilation in the operating state and fire fighting in fire accidents.

[0004] The adoption of this transverse ventilation system improves the explosion-proof capability of the cave-type data center. However, since the explosion-proof transverse ventilation system includes an upper transverse exhaust structure, a middle communication structure and a lower cave-type data center main structure in a three-dimensional cross-section of upper, middle and lower layers, and the upper transverse exhaust structure, the middle communication structure and the lower cave-type data center main structure are all multi-channel structures, it also has the disadvantages of large excavation volume and high construction cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center and a construction method thereof.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center, wherein the shaft exhaust system is disposed within a mountain, and comprises a ventilation hub cavern A and an exhaust shaft, wherein the exhaust shaft comprises a centralized air duct section and a decentralized exhaust structure, wherein the lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A, and the decentralized exhaust structure is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section and communicates with the top of the mountain.

[0007] The ventilation hub cavern A includes a cavern support structure and an air duct. An equipment bin is provided at the top of the inner side of the cavern support structure, and a fire extinguishing gas storage bin is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure. The air duct is located on the inner side of the cavern support structure, with its lower end connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage bin and its upper end extending into the equipment bin.

[0008] The cavern support structure is in an ellipsoidal spherical shape, and comprises an initial support layer and a secondary lining layer arranged inside the initial support layer. The initial support layer is an ellipsoidal spherical steel arch structure.

[0009] The fire extinguishing gas storage bin is provided with non-flammable gas nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

[0010] The air guide pipe is provided with a plurality of air inlets evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the air inlets are located between the equipment compartment and the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment, and a damper is provided at the air inlets; The shape and size of the outer wall of the air guide pipe located between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin gradually expand from top to bottom.

[0011] A gas supplement pipeline is also provided inside the mountain, one end of which is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage bin, and the other end extends outside the mountain, and a gas pipeline switch is provided at the end.

[0012] The lower part of the centralized air duct section is connected to the top of the cavern support structure, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section extends into the equipment bin and is connected to the upper end of the air guide pipe through an axial flow fan.

[0013] A polygonal steel frame is provided on the initial supporting layer at the connection between the initial supporting layer and the centralized air duct section, and an inscribed circular steel beam A is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame.

[0014] A plurality of ventilation hub chambers B expanding outward are provided in the middle of the centralized air duct section, and an anti-falling net is provided within 1m below each ventilation hub chamber B in the centralized air duct section, and an axial flow fan is provided on the upper side of each ventilation hub chamber B.

[0015] A steel arch frame is provided in the ventilation hub cavern B, and the steel arch frame includes a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arch frames, and the plurality of annular arch frames are connected together by a plurality of vertical connecting arch frames.

[0016] The decentralized exhaust structure includes an explosion-proof panel, a backfill covering layer and a plurality of zigzag air ducts. The explosion-proof panel is arranged inside the mountain and is located directly above the centralized air duct section. The backfill covering layer is arranged on the explosion-proof panel. One ends of the plurality of zigzag air ducts are connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section, and the other ends are exposed at the top of the mountain as exhaust outlets, and are irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section.

[0017] The burial depth of the explosion-proof plate in the mountain is not less than 5m; Trees are planted around the broken-line wind tunnel on the top of the mountain.

[0018] A construction method for a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the spherical excavation and reserved core soil method to construct the ventilation hub cavern A, and carry out the initial support layer construction of the cavern support structure, as well as the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circular steel beam A; Step 2: Use the reverse well method to construct the exhaust shaft; Step 3: When the exhaust shaft is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation of a ventilation hub cavern B in step 2, the corresponding ventilation hub cavern B is expanded, and the steel arch frame is constructed downward section by section, and then the ventilation hub cavern B is cast; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub caverns B one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A; Step 5: Carry out internal structure construction and equipment installation work of ventilation hub cavern A and exhaust shaft.

[0019] The specific construction process of step 1 includes the following steps: Step A: During the excavation of the ventilation hub cavern A, the rock pillar located directly below the exhaust shaft is retained as a temporary support structure, and then the arc-shaped side parts around the rock pillar are excavated in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and the arc-shaped excavation surface is sprayed with concrete for protection; Step B: After the excavation of the arc-shaped side of the upper step of the ventilation hub cavern A is completed, the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circular steel beam A at the intersection of the ventilation hub cavern A and the exhaust shaft are immediately constructed, and then the initial support layer at the arc-shaped side of the upper step is constructed, and it is ensured that the top of the initial support layer is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circular steel beam A, and the initial support layer is ensured to be located on the rock surface of the upper step, and then the contraction anchor rod is constructed to lock the arch foot of the initial support layer at the arc-shaped side of the upper step; Step C, constructing system anchor rods within the arc-shaped side range of the upper step, and spraying concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protective structure; Step D: After the shotcrete reaches the designed strength, remove the rock column; Step E: excavate the middle and lower steps of the ventilation hub cavern A, and gradually complete the middle and lower construction of the initial support layer from top to bottom.

[0020] The method for constructing the exhaust shaft in step 2 comprises the following steps: Step a, excavating a foundation pit covering the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure at the top of the mountain; Step b: excavating the centralized air duct section at the bottom of the foundation pit by using the reverse well method until the centralized air duct section is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A; Step c, constructing the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section from bottom to top; Step d: construct a zigzag air duct in the foundation pit, then construct explosion-proof panels and backfill covering layers in sequence, and finally plant trees around the zigzag air duct.

[0021] The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub cavern A in step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: construct the fire extinguishing gas storage bin at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure and install the gas replenishment pipeline; Step 2: construct the air duct, and then install the axial flow fan between the air duct and the centralized air duct section; Step 3: Construct the bottom plate of the equipment warehouse.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Only one vertical shaft exhaust system is needed to meet the exhaust requirements of all data tunnels in all data tunnel groups. The ventilation hub cavern A in the vertical shaft exhaust system is used to collect the wind and smoke exhausted from all data tunnels in the bottom data tunnel group, and further discharge them to the centralized air duct section; the centralized air duct section is also used to collect the wind and smoke exhausted from all data tunnels in the upper data tunnel group, and then all the wind and smoke are discharged to the top of the mountain through the decentralized exhaust structure. The ventilation hub cavern A and the centralized air duct section in the vertical shaft exhaust system are both single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the vertical shaft exhaust system; the decentralized exhaust structure is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge wind and smoke to the top of the mountain. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof capability of the vertical shaft exhaust system, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the vertical shaft exhaust system can still exhaust and operate normally.

[0023] 2. The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct located between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin gradually expand from top to bottom, so that the wind discharged from the data tunnel can be smoothly guided into the air duct through the outer wall of the air duct, and the axial flow fan can quickly suck in and guide the wind discharged from the data tunnel into the air duct.

[0024] 3. An intersection connected to the exhaust shaft is arranged on the top of the cavern support structure, and a reinforcement structure of "polygonal steel frame + inscribed circular steel beam A" is arranged at the intersection. The reinforcement structure is used to improve the stress reliability at the intersection of the cavern support structure and the exhaust shaft.

[0025] 4. The decentralized exhaust structure includes multiple zigzag air ducts. When some of the zigzag air ducts are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the exhaust shaft can still exhaust and operate normally, further improving the exhaust reliability of the exhaust shaft. The backfill cover layer is mainly used to restore the surface around the decentralized exhaust structure, and cooperate with the trees planted around the zigzag air duct to achieve the purpose of concealing the location of the exhaust shaft.

[0026] 5. The spherical excavation and reserved core soil method is used for excavation, which can better reserve the rock pillar directly below the exhaust shaft as a temporary supporting structure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of arch collapse during the excavation of large-scale caverns.

[0027] 6. The exhaust shaft is constructed by the reverse well method. The tunnel slag can directly flow down to the ventilation hub cavern A through the drilled channel constructed in advance, which is conducive to the rapid transportation of tunnel slag; and the groundwater gushing out during the construction of the exhaust shaft can also seep through the drilled channel, reducing the construction risk of the exhaust shaft; in addition, under the action of pressure difference, the wind flow can naturally flow into the exhaust shaft through the data tunnel, ventilation hub cavern A and the drilled channel, and be discharged upward, which is conducive to the construction ventilation during the excavation of the exhaust shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention, a bottom layer data tunnel group and an upper layer data tunnel group; Figure 2 A plan view of the present invention, a bottom layer data tunnel group and an upper layer data tunnel group; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the underlying data tunnel group; Figure 4 It is a plan layout diagram of the present invention and the underlying data tunnel group; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention when the air in the data tunnel is changed after being assembled with the bottom data tunnel group; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical shaft exhaust system when the smoke in the data tunnel is exhausted after the present invention is assembled with the bottom data tunnel group; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the data tunnels in the bottom data tunnel group; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the initial support layer and the exhaust shaft of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rock pillar and the arc-shaped side portion of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air guide duct of the present invention; Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circular steel beam A of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a centralized air duct section and a broken-line air duct of the present invention; Fig.13 It is an expanded view of the steel arch frame of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the data tunnels in the upper layer data tunnel group.

[0029] In the figure: 100-mountain, 200-shaft exhaust system, 300-bottom data tunnel group, 400-upper data tunnel group, 500-anti-fall net, 600-arc-shaped side; 1-data tunnel, 2-ventilation hub cavern A, 21-cave support structure, 211-initial support layer, 212-polygonal steel frame, 213-inscribed circular steel beam A, 22-equipment warehouse, 23-fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse, 24-air duct, 241-air inlet, 3-exhaust shaft, 31-centralized air duct section, 32-distributed exhaust structure, 321-zigzag air duct, 322-explosion-proof plate, 323-backfill cover layer, 7-axial flow fan, 8-rock column, 9-ventilation hub cavern B, 91-annular arch frame, 92-vertical connecting arch frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the present invention describes a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center, wherein the shaft exhaust system 200 is disposed in a mountain 100, and the shaft exhaust system 200 includes a ventilation hub cavern A2 and an exhaust shaft 3, wherein the exhaust shaft 3 includes a centralized air duct section 31 and a decentralized exhaust structure 32, wherein the lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A2, and the decentralized exhaust structure 32 is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31, and is communicated with the top of the mountain 100.

[0032] When in use, the radial cave-type data center also includes a bottom data tunnel group 300 and several upper data tunnel groups 400. The upper data tunnel group 400 is located on the upper side of the bottom data tunnel group 300. One end of all the data tunnels 1 in the upper data tunnel group 400 and one end of all the data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300 are connected to the vertical shaft exhaust system 200, and the other ends extend in different directions with the vertical shaft exhaust system 200 as the center until they are connected to the surface of the mountain 100.

[0033] When the radial cavernous data center does not include the upper data tunnel group 400, the structure is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, all the data tunnels 1 included in the underlying data tunnel group 300 extend and radiate in different directions with the vertical shaft exhaust system 200 as the center. That is to say, when all the data tunnels 1 in the underlying data tunnel group 300 adopt this radial layout, only one vertical shaft exhaust system 200 is needed to meet the exhaust needs of all the data tunnels 1 in the underlying data tunnel group 300.

[0034] When the radial cavern-type data center has an upper data tunnel group 400, the structure is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, all data tunnels 1 in a radial layout in the bottom data tunnel group 300 and all data tunnels 1 in a radial layout in the upper data tunnel group 400 share a vertical shaft exhaust system 200, and only one vertical shaft exhaust system 200 is needed to meet the exhaust requirements of all data tunnels 1 in the multi-layer data tunnel group.

[0035] When the radial cave-type data center has multiple upper data tunnel groups 400, the situation is similar to when the radial cave-type data center has one upper data tunnel group 400, and will not be repeated here.

[0036] It can be seen that only one shaft exhaust system 200 is needed to meet the exhaust requirements of all data tunnels 1 in all data tunnel groups. The ventilation hub cavern A2 in the shaft exhaust system 200 is used to collect the wind and smoke exhausted from all data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300, and further exhaust them to the centralized air duct section 31; the centralized air duct section 31 is also used to collect the wind and smoke exhausted from all data tunnels 1 in the upper data tunnel group 400, and then all the wind and smoke are discharged to the top of the mountain 100 through the decentralized exhaust structure 32. The ventilation hub cavern A2 and the centralized air duct section 31 in the shaft exhaust system 200 are both single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the shaft exhaust system 200; the decentralized exhaust structure 32 is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge wind and smoke to the top of the mountain 100. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof capability of the shaft exhaust system 200, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the shaft exhaust system 200 can still exhaust and operate normally.

[0037] The ventilation hub cavern A2 includes a cavern support structure 21 and an air duct 24. An equipment warehouse 22 is provided at the top of the inner side of the cavern support structure 21, and a fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23 is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure 21. The air duct 24 is located on the inner side of the cavern support structure 21, and its lower end is connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23, and the upper end extends into the equipment warehouse 22.

[0038] The cavern support structure 21 is ellipsoidal, and includes an initial support layer 211 and a secondary lining layer arranged inside the initial support layer 211. The initial support layer 211 is an ellipsoidal steel arch structure. The secondary lining layer inside the initial support layer 211 serves as a permanent support to ensure the stability of the ventilation hub cavern A2 structure.

[0039] The fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 is provided with non-flammable gas such as nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

[0040] The air guide 24 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 241 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the air inlets 241 are located between the equipment compartment 22 and the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment 23, and a damper is provided at the air inlet 241; The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct 24 located between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 gradually expand from top to bottom. When in use, the air inlet 241 is opened and closed by the damper to allow the wind or smoke entering the cavern support structure 21 from the data tunnel 1 to enter the air duct 24 through the air inlet 241. The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct 24 located between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 gradually expand from top to bottom, so that the wind flow discharged from the data tunnel 1 can be smoothly guided into the air duct 24 through the outer wall of the air duct 24, and the wind discharged from the data tunnel 1 can be quickly sucked in and guided into the air duct 24 in cooperation with the axial flow fan 7.

[0041] A gas supplement pipeline is also provided in the mountain 100, one end of which is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23, and the other end of which extends outside the mountain 100 and is provided with a gas pipeline switch. When in use, the gas supplement pipeline is used as a supplement pipeline for the non-flammable gas in the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23.

[0042] The lower part of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the top of the cavern support structure 21, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 extends into the equipment bin 22 and is connected to the upper end of the air guide duct 24 through the axial flow fan 7. When in use, the axial flow fan 7 provides power for exhausting the exhaust shaft 3 to increase the wind speed inside it and improve its exhaust efficiency.

[0043] A polygonal steel frame 212 is provided on the initial support layer 211 at the connection between the initial support layer 211 and the centralized air duct section 31, and an inscribed circular steel beam A213 is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame 212. An intersection connected to the exhaust shaft 3 is arranged at the top of the cavern support structure 21, and a reinforcement structure of "polygonal steel frame 212 + inscribed circular steel beam A213" is arranged at the intersection, and the force reliability at the intersection of the cavern support structure 21 and the exhaust shaft 3 is improved by the reinforcement structure.

[0044] The central part of the centralized air duct section 31 is provided with a plurality of ventilation hub caverns B9 that expand outward, and an anti-falling net 500 is provided within a range of 1m below each ventilation hub cavern B9 in the centralized air duct section 31, and an axial flow fan 7 is provided on the upper side of each ventilation hub cavern B9. When in use, a plurality of ventilation hub caverns B9 are provided on the centralized air duct section 31 at positions corresponding to a plurality of upper data tunnel groups 400, and the ventilation hub caverns B9 are used to collect the wind and smoke exhausted from all data tunnels 1 in a corresponding upper data tunnel group 400. An anti-falling net 500 is provided within a range of 1m below each ventilation hub cavern B9 in the centralized air duct section 31 to eliminate the risk of personnel falling.

[0045] A steel arch is provided in the ventilation hub cavern B9, and the steel arch includes a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arches 91, and the plurality of annular arches 91 are connected together by a plurality of vertical connecting arches 92.

[0046] The decentralized exhaust structure 32 includes an explosion-proof plate 322, a backfill covering layer 323, and a plurality of zigzag air ducts 321. The explosion-proof plate 322 is arranged in the mountain 100 and is located directly above the centralized air duct section 31. The backfill covering layer 323 is arranged on the explosion-proof plate 322. One end of the plurality of zigzag air ducts 321 is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31, and the other end is exposed at the top of the mountain 100 as an exhaust port, and is irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section 31. When in use, the decentralized exhaust structure 32 includes a plurality of zigzag air ducts 321. When some of the zigzag air ducts 321 are damaged and blocked, it is ensured that the exhaust shaft 3 can still be exhausted and operated normally, further improving the exhaust reliability of the exhaust shaft 3. The backfill covering layer 323 is mainly used to restore the surface around the decentralized exhaust structure 32, and cooperate with the trees planted around the broken line air duct 321 to achieve the purpose of concealing the position of the exhaust shaft 3.

[0047] The explosion-proof plate 322 is buried at a depth of not less than 5 m in the mountain 100; The top of the mountain 100 is planted with trees around the broken line air duct 321. The explosion-proof plate 322 is a multi-layer thin plate structure or a single-layer thick plate structure, and the buried depth of the explosion-proof plate 322 in the mountain 100 is set to be no less than 5m to ensure that the decentralized exhaust structure 32 has good explosion-proof performance.

[0048] A construction method for a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the spherical excavation and reserved core soil method to construct the ventilation hub cavern A2, and construct the initial support layer 211 of the cavern support structure 21, as well as the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213; Step 2: Use the reverse well method to construct the exhaust shaft 3; Step 3: When the exhaust shaft 3 is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation of a ventilation hub cavern B9 in step 2, the corresponding ventilation hub cavern B9 is expanded, and the steel arch frame is constructed downward section by section, and then the ventilation hub cavern B9 is cast; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub caverns B9 one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft 3 is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A2; Step 5: Carry out internal structure construction and equipment installation work of ventilation hub cavern A2 and exhaust shaft 3.

[0049] The specific construction process of step 1 includes the following steps: Step A: During the excavation of the ventilation hub cavern A2, the rock column 8 located directly below the exhaust shaft 3 is retained as a temporary support structure, and then the arc-shaped side portion 600 around the rock column 8 is excavated in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and the arc-shaped excavation surface is sprayed with concrete for protection; Step B, after the excavation of the upper step arc-shaped side 600 of the ventilation hub cavern A2 is completed, the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213 at the intersection of the ventilation hub cavern A2 and the exhaust shaft 3 are immediately constructed, and then the initial support layer 211 at the upper step arc-shaped side 600 is constructed, and it is ensured that the top of the initial support layer 211 is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213, and the initial support layer 211 is ensured to be located on the upper step rock surface, and then the contraction foot anchor rod is constructed to lock the arch foot of the initial support layer 211 at the upper step arc-shaped side 600; Step C, applying system anchor rods within the range of 600 of the arc-shaped side of the upper step, and spraying concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protective structure; Step D: After the shotcrete reaches the designed strength, remove the rock column 8; Step E: excavate the middle step and the lower step of the ventilation hub cavern A2, and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the initial support layer 211 from top to bottom.

[0050] The spherical excavation and reserved core soil method is used for excavation, so that the rock column 8 directly below the exhaust shaft 3 can be well reserved as a temporary supporting structure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of arch collapse during the excavation of large-sized caverns.

[0051] The method for constructing the exhaust shaft 3 in step 2 comprises the following steps: Step a: dig a foundation pit on the top of the mountain 100 that covers the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure 32.

[0052] Step b: excavate the centralized air duct section 31 at the bottom of the foundation pit using the reverse well method until the centralized air duct section 31 is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A2. After excavation, the initial support of the centralized air duct section 31 is immediately constructed.

[0053] Step c: constructing the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section 31 from bottom to top.

[0054] Step d: construct the zigzag air duct 321 in the foundation pit, then construct the explosion-proof plate 322 and the backfill covering layer 323 in sequence, and finally plant trees around the zigzag air duct 321.

[0055] The exhaust shaft 3 is constructed by the reverse well method, and the tunnel slag can directly slide down to the ventilation hub cavern A2 through the bored channel constructed in advance, which is beneficial to the rapid transportation of the tunnel slag; and the groundwater gushing out during the construction of the exhaust shaft 3 can also infiltrate through the bored channel, reducing the construction risk of the exhaust shaft 3; in addition, under the action of pressure difference, the wind flow can naturally flow into the exhaust shaft 3 through the data tunnel 1, the ventilation hub cavern A2 and the bored channel, and be discharged upward, which is beneficial to the construction ventilation during the excavation of the exhaust shaft 3.

[0056] The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub cavern A2 in step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: construct the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure 21, and install the gas replenishment pipeline; Step 2, construct the air duct 24, and then install the axial flow fan 7 between the air duct 24 and the centralized air duct section 31; Step 3: construct the bottom plate of the equipment warehouse 22.

Claims

1. A shaft exhaust system for a radial cavernous data center, characterized in that: The shaft exhaust system (200) is arranged in the mountain (100), and the shaft exhaust system (200) comprises a ventilation hub cavern A (2) and an exhaust shaft (3), and the exhaust shaft (3) comprises a centralized air duct section (31) and a decentralized exhaust structure (32), the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and the decentralized exhaust structure (32) is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31) and communicates with the top of the mountain (100); The ventilation hub cavern A (2) comprises a cavern support structure (21) and an air duct (24); an equipment bin (22) is provided at the top of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); and a fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); the air duct (24) is located at the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); its lower end is connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and its upper end extends into the equipment bin (22).

2. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavern support structure (21) is ellipsoidal, comprising an initial support layer (211) and a secondary lining layer arranged inside the initial support layer (211); the initial support layer (211) is an ellipsoidal steel arch structure.

3. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) is provided with non-combustible gases such as nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

4. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide pipe (24) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (241) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the air inlets (241) are located between the equipment bin (22) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and a damper is provided at the air inlet (241); The shape and size of the outer wall of the air guide pipe (24) located between the top of the air inlet (241) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) gradually expand from top to bottom.

5. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas replenishment pipeline is also provided in the mountain (100), one end of the gas replenishment pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and the other end extends outside the mountain (100), and a gas pipeline switch is provided at the other end.

6. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected to the top of the cavern support structure (21), and the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) extends into the equipment bin (22) and is connected to the upper end of the air guide pipe (24) via the axial flow fan (7).

7. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 2, characterized in that: A polygonal steel frame (212) is provided on the initial support layer (211) at the connection between the initial support layer and the centralized air duct section (31), and an inscribed circular steel beam A (213) is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame (212).

8. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of outwardly expanding ventilation hub chambers B (9) are provided in the middle of the centralized air duct section (31), and a fall prevention net (500) is provided within a range of 1 m below each ventilation hub chamber B (9) in the centralized air duct section (31), and an axial flow fan (7) is provided on the upper side of each ventilation hub chamber B (9).

9. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 8, characterized in that: A steel arch frame is provided in the ventilation hub cavern B (9), and the steel arch frame comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arch frames (91), and the plurality of annular arch frames (91) are connected together via a plurality of vertical connecting arch frames (92).

10. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decentralized exhaust structure (32) comprises an explosion-proof plate (322), a backfill covering layer (323), and a plurality of zigzag air ducts (321); the explosion-proof plate (322) is arranged in the mountain (100) and is located directly above the centralized air duct section (31); the backfill covering layer (323) is arranged on the explosion-proof plate (322); one end of the plurality of zigzag air ducts (321) is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31); the other end of the plurality of zigzag air ducts (321) is exposed at the top of the mountain (100) as an exhaust port, and is irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section (31).

11. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 10, characterized in that: The explosion-proof plate (322) is buried at a depth of not less than 5 m in the mountain (100); Trees are planted around the zigzag wind duct (321) on the top of the mountain (100).

12. A construction method for a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use the spherical excavation method to reserve the core soil to construct the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and construct the initial support layer (211) of the cavern support structure (21), as well as the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213); Step 2: Use the reverse shaft method to construct the exhaust shaft (3); Step 3: When the exhaust shaft (3) is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation of a ventilation hub cavern B (9) in step 2, the corresponding ventilation hub cavern B (9) is expanded, and the steel arch frame is constructed downwards section by section, and then the ventilation hub cavern B (9) is cast; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub caverns B (9) one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft (3) is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A (2); Step 5: Carry out internal structure construction and equipment installation work of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) and the exhaust shaft (3).

13. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 12, characterized in that: The specific construction process of step 1 includes the following steps: Step A, during the excavation of the ventilation hub cavern A (2), the rock pillar (8) located directly below the exhaust shaft (3) is retained as a temporary support structure, and then the arc-shaped side portion (600) around the rock pillar (8) is excavated in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and the arc-shaped excavation surface is sprayed with concrete for protection; Step B: After the excavation of the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600) of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) is completed, the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213) at the intersection of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) and the exhaust shaft (3) are immediately constructed, and then the initial support layer (211) at the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600) is constructed, and it is ensured that the top of the initial support layer (211) is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213), and that the initial support layer (211) is located on the upper step rock surface, and then the contraction foot anchor rod is constructed to lock the arch foot of the initial support layer (211) at the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600); Step C, applying system anchor rods within the range of the arc-shaped side portion (600) of the upper step, and spraying concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protective structure; Step D: After the shotcrete reaches the designed strength, remove the rock column (8); Step E: excavate the middle step and the lower step of the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the initial support layer (211) from top to bottom.

14. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 12, characterized in that: The method for constructing the exhaust shaft (3) in step 2 comprises the following steps: Step a, excavating a foundation pit on the top of the mountain (100) that covers the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure (32); Step b, excavating the centralized air duct section (31) at the bottom of the foundation pit by using the reverse well method until the centralized air duct section (31) is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A (2); Step c, constructing the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section (31) from bottom to top; Step d: constructing a broken-line air duct (321) in the foundation pit, then sequentially constructing an explosion-proof plate (322) and a backfill covering layer (323), and finally planting trees around the broken-line air duct (321).

15. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 12, characterized in that: The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) in step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: constructing a fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21), and installing a gas replenishment pipeline; Step 2, constructing the air guide duct (24), and then installing an axial flow fan (7) between the air guide duct (24) and the centralized air duct section (31); Step 3: construct the bottom plate of the equipment warehouse (22).

Images