Efficient water collection and drainage system for tunnel water-rich environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering and underground engineering, in particular to an efficient water collecting and draining system for a tunnel water-rich environment, which comprises a support layer arranged on the outer surface of a tunnel and a secondary lining arranged on the inner side surface of the support layer, a diversion layer is filled between the support layer and the secondary lining, and a water collecting pipe is arranged in the tunnel. A plurality of water collection box culverts are arranged below the tunnel, a plurality of water diversion holes are formed in the upper surfaces and the peripheral side surfaces of the water collection box culverts, drainage pipes are communicated between the water collection box culverts, and each drainage pipe is communicated with the two adjacent water collection pipes. A first water suction pump is arranged at the bottom end in each water collection box culvert, a dewatering well is arranged at one end of the tunnel, a second water suction pump is arranged in the dewatering well, and the second water suction pump is communicated with the adjacent water drainage pipe, and by the adoption of the technical scheme, the problem that the drainage efficiency of the periphery and the bottom of the tunnel is low in the current water-rich environment can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering and underground engineering, and in particular to a high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich environment in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater infiltration into tunnels is a common and unavoidable problem in tunnel engineering, especially in water-rich areas. Groundwater infiltration will have a significant impact on tunnel structures and operations, such as causing secondary lining seepage, structural damage, etc. Existing drainage systems often have problems such as incomplete drainage, inconvenient maintenance and insufficient durability. Therefore, designing an efficient, durable and easy-to-maintain water collection and drainage system has become a difficult problem that engineering and technical personnel urgently need to solve. For example, a Chinese patent discloses a maintainable drainage system and tunnel for a tunnel in extremely water-rich strata (patent announcement number: CN112343654A), including a plurality of annular drainage pipes arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the two ends of the annular drainage pipes are connected to the longitudinal drainage pipes used to be arranged on one side of the tunnel arch foot, and a plurality of transverse drainage pipes used to be arranged below the tunnel pavement structure layer and connected to the longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged between the two rows of longitudinal drainage pipes. One end of the transverse drainage pipe extends to the outside of the tunnel side wall and is connected to the side wall drainage pipe arranged on the outside of the side wall. The drainage system of the present invention meets the drainage needs of the tunnel, is easy to maintain, and ensures the integrity and durability of the main structure of the tunnel.

[0003] Although the technical solutions listed above can solve the tunnel drainage problem in water-rich strata to a certain extent, collecting groundwater only through structures such as annular drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes cannot minimize the water content around the tunnel and at the bottom of the tunnel, and its drainage efficiency needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient water collection and drainage system for a water-rich tunnel environment, which can effectively solve the problem of low drainage efficiency around the tunnel and at the bottom of the tunnel in the current water-rich environment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich environment in a tunnel, comprising a supporting layer arranged on the outer surface of the tunnel and a secondary lining arranged on the inner surface of the supporting layer, a guide layer is filled between the supporting layer and the secondary lining, and the guide layer covers the supply surface of the tunnel, two water collecting pipes arranged along the length direction of the tunnel are arranged in the tunnel, the two water collecting pipes are symmetrically arranged about the vertical axis of the tunnel, and each of the water collecting pipes is close to the inner wall of the tunnel, each of the water collecting pipes is interconnected with the adjacent guide layers, and the liquid in the guide layers is guided into the water collecting pipes; a plurality of water collecting culverts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel below, and a plurality of water collecting culverts are provided on the upper surface and the peripheral surface of each water collecting culvert water diversion holes, wherein one end of each of the water diversion holes located in the water-collecting culvert is gradually inclined downward toward the bottom end thereof, and the liquid around the bottom of the tunnel is introduced into the water-collecting culvert; any two adjacent water-collecting culverts are connected by a drainage pipe arranged along the length direction of the tunnel, and each drainage pipe is interconnected with two adjacent water-collecting pipes, a first water pump is provided at the bottom end of each water-collecting culvert, and the output end of the first water pump is interconnected with the corresponding drainage pipe, a precipitation well located outside the tunnel is provided at one end of the tunnel, and a second water pump is provided in the precipitation well, the input end of the second water pump is connected with the adjacent drainage pipe, and the liquid accumulated in the drainage pipe is introduced into the precipitation well.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper surface and the peripheral surface of each water collecting culvert are covered with a filter layer, and the filter layer covers all the water diversion holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical cross-section of each of the water collecting culverts is trapezoidal, and the input end of each first water pump is arranged at the lowest liquid level in the water collecting culvert.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage pipes are all arranged on the axis in the length direction of the tunnel, and the drainage pipes are connected to two adjacent water collecting pipes via a first guide pipe, and one end of each of the first guide pipes close to the water collecting pipe is gradually inclined downward.

[0010] Furthermore, the tunnel is provided with a plurality of inspection wells spaced apart along its length, and the number of the inspection wells corresponds one-to-one with the water collecting box culvert, and each of the inspection wells is arranged directly above the drainage pipe connected to the first guide pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the water collection culverts is provided with a liquid level sensor, and a second water pump and a precipitation well are provided at both ends of the tunnel. Each of the second water pumps is connected to multiple adjacent water collection culverts, wherein each of the liquid level sensors, the first water pump and the second water pump are electrically connected to a controller.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention arranges a guide layer on the outer arch surface of the tunnel, which can effectively guide rainwater or groundwater that penetrates into the supporting layer in a water-rich environment to the water collecting pipe for collection. A water collecting culvert is also arranged under the tunnel, and water diversion holes are opened on the upper surface and surrounding surfaces of the water collecting culvert, which can effectively collect groundwater or rainwater around the bottom of the tunnel and effectively improve the water content of the bottom of the tunnel. The rainwater or groundwater collected by the water collecting pipe enters the water collecting culvert for storage after passing through the drainage pipe. When there is too much rainwater or groundwater stored in the rainwater culvert, the first pumping pump and the second pumping pump can cooperate with each other to jointly drain the rainwater or groundwater in the water collecting culvert, which not only ensures the water storage efficiency of the water collecting culvert, but also effectively improves the drainage efficiency around the tunnel.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art may be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the tunnel of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the tunnel length direction of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel port of the present invention.

[0021] The following are marked in the accompanying drawings:

[0022] 1 tunnel, 2 support layer, 3 secondary lining, 4 diversion layer, 5 water collecting pipe, 6 water collecting box culvert, 7 water diversion hole, 8 drainage pipe, 9 first water pump, 10 precipitation well, 11 second water pump, 12 filter layer, 13 first diversion pipe, 14 second diversion pipe, 15 inspection well, 16 open drainage ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown,

[0024] A high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich environment in a tunnel, comprising a support layer 2 arranged on the outer surface of a tunnel 1 and a secondary lining 3 arranged on the inner surface of the support layer 2, wherein the support layer 2 and the secondary lining 3 are arranged at intervals, and a guide layer 4 is filled between the two, and the guide layer 4 covers the supply surface of the tunnel 1, wherein the guide layer 4 can be made of recycled concrete with pores and good supporting effect (by infiltrating recycled aggregates into concrete to increase the number and size of internal pores) or porous metal materials, and the outer surface of the secondary lining 3 is covered with a waterproof The tunnel 1 is provided with two water collecting pipes 5 arranged along the length direction thereof, the two water collecting pipes 5 are arranged symmetrically about the vertical axis of the tunnel 1, and each of the water collecting pipes 5 is close to the inner wall of the tunnel 1, each of the water collecting pipes 5 is buried below the road surface in the tunnel 1, each of the water collecting pipes 5 is connected to the adjacent guide layer 4 by a second guide pipe 14, and one end of each second guide pipe 14 close to the water collecting pipe 5 is gradually inclined downward, and guides the liquid in the guide layer 4 into the water collecting pipe 5; the tunnel A plurality of water collecting culverts 6 are arranged at intervals along the length direction below the tunnel 1. The water collecting culverts 6 are all arranged below the tunnel 1 in a water-rich environment. A plurality of water diversion holes 7 are opened on the upper surface and the peripheral surface of each water collecting culvert 6. The diameter of each water diversion hole 7 is 50 to 100 mm. One end of each water diversion hole 7 located in the water collecting culvert 6 is gradually inclined downward toward the inner bottom end of the water collecting culvert 6, and the liquid around the bottom of the tunnel 1 is introduced into the water collecting culvert 6; any two adjacent water collecting culverts 6 are connected by a The drainage pipes 8 are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel 1, and the adjacent drainage pipes 8 are interconnected, and each drainage pipe 8 is interconnected with two adjacent water collecting pipes 5. A first water pump 9 is provided at the bottom end of each water collecting box culvert 6, and the output end of the first water pump 9 is interconnected with the corresponding drainage pipe 8. A precipitation well 10 located outside the tunnel 1 is provided at one end of the tunnel 1, and a second water pump 11 is provided in the precipitation well 10. The input end of the second water pump 11 is connected with the adjacent drainage pipe 8, and the liquid accumulated in the drainage pipe 8 is introduced into the precipitation well 10.

[0025] As shown in the figure, when the tunnel 1 is built in a mountain or underground with a water-rich environment, the surrounding rainwater or groundwater will slowly penetrate into the supporting layer 2 and enter the diversion layer 4. Since the outer surface of the secondary lining 3 is covered with a waterproof layer, and the diversion layer 4 is made of a material with more pores, the groundwater entering the diversion layer 4 will move toward the arch foot of the tunnel 1 under the action of the arch shape of the tunnel 1 and its own weight, and enter the water collecting pipe 5 through the second diversion pipe 14, and the groundwater accumulated in the water collecting pipe 5 will flow into the water collecting culvert 6 through the drainage pipe 8 for collection. Since the water collecting culvert 6 is arranged under the water-rich ring, the groundwater or rainwater around the water collecting culvert 6 will continuously enter its interior through the water diversion hole 7 under the action of gravity, which can effectively collect groundwater or rainwater in the water-rich section, improve the water content at this location, and reduce the underground The influence of water or rainwater accumulation around the tunnel 1 can be effectively collected by setting the guide layer 4 and the water collecting culvert 6. When the groundwater or rainwater in the water collecting culvert 6 is collected to a certain extent or at intervals, the first pump 9 and the second pump 11 are started. The two pumps work together to guide the water in the water collecting culvert 6 into the precipitation well 10 through the drainage pipe 8, which can effectively prevent the groundwater or rainwater level stored in each water collecting culvert 6 from overflowing the water diversion hole 7 and causing the water collecting culvert 6 to lose the effect of collecting groundwater or rainwater. Moreover, by setting the precipitation well 10 at one end of the tunnel 1 (the exit or entrance of the tunnel 1), it can not only be used to store the groundwater or rainwater in each water collecting culvert 6, but also effectively block the rainwater outside the tunnel 1 from flowing into the tunnel 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, the upper surface and the peripheral surface of each of the water collecting culverts 6 are covered with a filter layer 12, and the filter layer 12 covers all the water diversion holes 7. The filter layer 12 includes a fine sand layer, a gravel layer and a non-woven fabric layer in sequence from the direction away from the outer surface of the water collecting culvert 6 to the inside.

[0027] Combination Figure 2 As shown, by providing a filter layer 12 on the outer surface of the water collection culvert 6, effective filtration of the infiltrated water can be ensured, preventing impurities such as silt from entering the culvert and clogging the water diversion holes 7, thereby ensuring the stability of the water collection culvert 6 in long-term use.

[0028] In this embodiment, the vertical cross-section of each of the water collecting culverts 6 is trapezoidal, and the input end of each of the first water pumps 9 is arranged at the lowest liquid level in the water collecting culvert 6 .

[0029] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the vertical section of the water collecting culvert 6 is an isosceles trapezoid. The first pumping pump 9 is arranged at the lowest point of the liquid level of the water collecting culvert 6 to ensure that all the rainwater and groundwater stored in the water collecting culvert 6 are pumped out.

[0030] In this embodiment, the drainage pipes 8 are all arranged on the axis of the length direction of the tunnel 1, and the drainage pipes 8 are connected to two adjacent water collecting pipes 5 via a first guide pipe 13, and each of the first guide pipes 13 is arranged to be gradually inclined downward at one end close to the water collecting pipe 5.

[0031] Combination Figure 4 As shown (for ease of display, the water collecting box 6 and the drainage pipe 8 are both represented by dotted lines), the drainage pipe 8 is arranged on the central axis of the tunnel 1, which can effectively reduce the damage caused to it by passing vehicles, and the drainage pipe 8 and the adjacent water collecting pipe 5 are connected by an inclined first guide pipe 13, which can enable the groundwater or rainwater collected in the water collecting pipe 5 to flow into the water collecting box culvert 6 along the first guide pipe 13 under the action of its own weight, effectively accelerating the collection efficiency of groundwater and rainwater around the tunnel 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the tunnel 1 is provided with a plurality of inspection wells 15 spaced apart along its length direction, and the number of the inspection wells 15 corresponds one-to-one to the water collecting box culvert 6 , and each of the inspection wells 15 is arranged directly above the drainage pipe 8 connected to the first guide pipe 13 .

[0033] Combination Figure 4 As shown, an inspection well 15 is arranged above each water collecting culvert 6, and the inspection well 15 is arranged directly above the connection between the drainage pipe 8 and the first guide pipe 13. On the one hand, it can effectively reduce the crushing of the inspection well 15 when the traffic passes by, and improve the stability of the inspection well 15 during long-term use. On the other hand, it is convenient for maintenance personnel to maintain the connection between the drainage pipe 8 and the first guide pipe 13 to prevent leakage at the connection, thereby ensuring that the water collecting culvert 6 can normally collect groundwater and rainwater.

[0034] In this embodiment, each of the water collecting culverts 6 is provided with a liquid level sensor (the liquid level sensor is not shown in the figure), and a second water pump 11 and a precipitation well 10 are provided at both ends of the tunnel 1. Each of the second water pumps 11 is connected to multiple adjacent water collecting culverts 6, and the two second water pumps 11 work together to guide the rainwater or groundwater stored in each water collecting culvert 6 into the corresponding precipitation well 10, wherein each of the liquid level sensors, the first water pump 9 and the second water pump 11 are electrically connected to a controller, and open drainage ditches 16 are provided at both ends of the tunnel 1, and the open drainage ditches 16 are connected to the adjacent precipitation wells 10.

[0035] As shown in the figure, a precipitation well 10 and a second water pump 11 are provided at the inlet and outlet of the tunnel 1. Each second water pump 11 is connected to a plurality of water collecting culverts 6 close to the second water pump 11 through a drainage pipe 8, wherein each second water pump 11 and the connected plurality of water collecting culverts 6 together form a drainage system, and the two drainage systems are not connected. In other words, the tunnel 1 is divided into two sections of equal length, and the plurality of water collecting culverts 6 in each section of the tunnel 1 are connected to the adjacent second water pump 11. By providing two drainage systems, the rainwater or groundwater in each water collecting culvert 6 can be discharged faster. The discharge time of rainwater or groundwater in the water collection box culvert 6 located at the farthest point from the second water pump 11 is greatly reduced, and the drainage efficiency is effectively improved; of course, a solenoid valve can be set on the connecting road between each first water pump 9 and the drainage pipe 8, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller. The connection between each water collection box culvert 6 and the second water pump 11 can be controlled individually by the solenoid valve, and in conjunction with the first water pump 9, the drainage efficiency of a single water collection box culvert 6 can be effectively accelerated, and the drainage is more flexible. Among them, the setting of the open drainage ditch 16 can effectively block rainwater or groundwater from flowing into the tunnel 1, and effectively improve the water content in the tunnel 1.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient water collection and drainage system for a water-rich tunnel environment, comprising a support layer (2) arranged on the outer surface of a tunnel (1) and a secondary lining (3) arranged on the inner surface of the support layer (2), characterized in that: A guide layer (4) is filled between the support layer (2) and the secondary lining (3), and the guide layer (4) covers the supply surface of the tunnel (1). Two water collecting pipes (5) are arranged in the tunnel (1) along its length direction. The two water collecting pipes (5) are symmetrically arranged about the vertical axis of the tunnel (1), and each of the water collecting pipes (5) is close to the inner wall of the tunnel (1). Each of the water collecting pipes (5) is interconnected with the adjacent guide layers (4) and guides the liquid in the guide layers (4) into the water collecting pipes (5); a plurality of water collecting culverts (6) are arranged at intervals along its length direction below the tunnel (1), and a plurality of water diversion holes (7) are opened on the upper surface and the peripheral surface of each of the water collecting culverts (6), wherein one end of each of the water diversion holes (7) located in the water collecting culvert (6) faces the inner wall of the tunnel (1). It is gradually inclined downward toward its inner bottom end, and guides the liquid around the bottom of the tunnel (1) into the water collecting culvert (6); any two adjacent water collecting culverts (6) are connected to a drainage pipe (8) arranged along the length direction of the tunnel (1), and each drainage pipe (8) is interconnected with two adjacent water collecting pipes (5); a first pumping pump (9) is provided at the bottom end of each water collecting culvert (6), and the output end of the first pumping pump (9) is interconnected with the corresponding drainage pipe (8); one end of the tunnel (1) is provided with a drainage well (10) located outside the tunnel (1), and a second pumping pump (11) is provided in the drainage well (10); the input end of the second pumping pump (11) is connected to the adjacent drainage pipe (8), and guides the liquid accumulated in the drainage pipe (8) into the drainage well (10).

2. The high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich tunnel environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface and the peripheral surface of each water collection box culvert (6) are covered with a filter layer (12), and the filter layer (12) covers all the water diversion holes (7).

3. The high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich tunnel environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vertical cross-section of each water collection box culvert (6) is trapezoidal, and the input end of each first water pump (9) is arranged at the lowest liquid level in the water collection box culvert (6).

4. The high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich tunnel environment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The drainage pipes (8) are all arranged on the axis of the tunnel (1) in the length direction, and the drainage pipes (8) are all connected to two adjacent water collecting pipes (5) via a first guide pipe (13), and one end of each of the first guide pipes (13) close to the water collecting pipe (5) is gradually inclined downward.

5. The high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich environment in a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tunnel (1) is provided with a plurality of inspection wells (15) spaced apart along its length, and the number of the inspection wells (15) corresponds one-to-one to the number of the water collecting culverts (6). Each of the inspection wells (15) is arranged directly above the connection between the drainage pipe (8) and the first guide pipe (13).

6. The high-efficiency water collection and drainage system for a water-rich environment in a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor is provided in each of the water collection culverts (6), a second water pump (11) and a precipitation well (10) are provided at both ends of the tunnel (1), and each of the second water pumps (11) is connected to a plurality of adjacent water collection culverts (6), wherein each of the liquid level sensors, the first water pump (9) and the second water pump (11) are electrically connected to a controller.

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