A geological disaster monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a geological disaster monitoring device, which relates to the technical field of signal devices and includes a displacement measuring component buried in soil and a fixed component fixed in a rock layer. The displacement measuring component and the soil jointly generate displacement. The displacement measuring component is connected to a monitoring rod, and the monitoring rod is connected to the fixed component. The monitoring device can monitor the relative displacement of the displacement measuring component relative to the fixed component. A geological disaster monitoring device of the present invention fixes the fixed component in the rock layer, so that the fixed component does not move with the displacement of the soil. The displacement measuring component is buried in the soil and can generate displacement together with the soil. The purpose of soil displacement monitoring can be achieved by monitoring the displacement between the displacement measuring component and the fixed component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of signal devices, and in particular to a geological disaster monitoring device and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Severe or extreme weather conditions, such as typhoons and rainstorms, can easily trigger geological disasters such as landslides, causing losses. Through observation and monitoring, precursors to geological disasters can be discovered in advance, allowing various measures to reduce their occurrence or minimize losses. There are many methods for measuring landslides, such as GPS for measuring surface displacement, inclinometers for measuring deep displacement, and dynamic groundwater observations to determine groundwater levels. Some soils are stratified, and due to the influence of groundwater and other factors, each soil layer may have different effects. Existing monitoring methods, when measuring the displacement of a soil measuring point, are affected by the displacement of other soil layers, thus affecting the accuracy of the displacement of the measuring point. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a geological disaster monitoring device, and the purpose of the present invention is also to provide a monitoring method for the above geological disaster monitoring device.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a geological disaster monitoring device, comprising a displacement measuring component buried in the soil and a fixed component fixed in the rock layer. The displacement measuring component and the soil jointly generate displacement, the displacement measuring component is connected to a monitoring rod, and the monitoring rod is connected to the fixed component. The monitoring device can monitor the relative displacement of the displacement measuring component relative to the fixed component.

[0005] Furthermore, the displacement measurement component is arranged in a predetermined soil layer, and the contact area between the displacement measurement component and the soil layer is larger than the contact area between the monitoring rod and the soil layer, so that the displacement amount monitored by the monitoring device can reflect the displacement of the soil layer where the displacement measurement component is located.

[0006] Furthermore, the monitoring rod is rotatably connected to the fixed component through a rotating shaft, and a waterproof cover that can rotate together with the monitoring rod is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is arranged inside the fixed component. The rotating shaft is connected to a gear and cooperates with the rack through a gear set. A contact electrode is provided on the rack, and the contact electrode can move on a variable resistor. A wire is connected to the contact electrode and one end of the variable resistor. The displacement of the soil causes the displacement measurement component to drive the monitoring rod to rotate, so that the movement of the rack drives the contact electrode to move, thereby changing the resistance value of the variable resistor in the circuit, and the corresponding displacement is obtained by measuring the corresponding current.

[0007] The monitoring rod is movably connected to a displacement measuring assembly, and a variable resistor and a contact electrode are arranged inside the displacement measuring assembly. The displacement measuring assembly can squeeze the contact electrode to make it contact with the variable resistor. The soil can drive the corresponding displacement measuring assembly to produce a relative displacement with the monitoring rod, so that the position of the monitoring rod squeezing the displacement measuring assembly changes, and the contact electrode contacts different positions of the variable resistor, thereby changing the resistance value of the variable resistor in the circuit, and obtaining the corresponding displacement by measuring the corresponding current.

[0008] Furthermore, the displacement measuring component includes a shell, a through hole in the middle of the shell and an inner wall around the through hole, a groove is provided on the inner wall, an elastic waterproof structure is provided on the groove, a strip-shaped contact electrode that can be elastically deformed is connected to the elastic waterproof structure, and a variable resistor is provided on the shell opposite to the contact electrode. An extrusion disk is provided at the position where the monitoring rod cooperates with the displacement measuring component, the monitoring rod passes through the through hole and a part of the extrusion disk is provided in the groove, the extrusion disk can squeeze the corresponding position of the contact electrode, and make the squeezed part of the contact electrode contact the corresponding part of the variable resistor to form a passage.

[0009] The measuring device body is fixed on the monitoring pole. The measuring device body includes an outer shell. A lower extrusion surface and a disc-shaped upper extrusion surface are provided in the outer shell. The upper extrusion surface is made of elastic material. A pressure block is provided between the upper extrusion surface and the lower extrusion surface. The upper extrusion surface is fixed with a contact electrode. A plurality of resistors with different resistance values are provided in an upper annular array of the upper extrusion surface. The pressure block can squeeze the upper extrusion surface so that the corresponding contact electrode is connected to the corresponding resistor. The pressure block is fixed on the rigid pull rope. One end of the pull rope is fixed to the displacement measurement component. The initial position of the displacement measurement component is set in the soil at a predetermined distance from the measuring device body.

[0010] Furthermore, a fender is provided between the upper extrusion surface and the lower extrusion surface, a strip hole is provided in the middle of the fender for the movement of the pull rope, and a drainage hole is provided on the lower side of the fender.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring rod is provided with a plurality of displacement measurement components, and the displacement measurement components are arranged at equal intervals on the monitoring rod or in different soil layers.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring rod is rigid and fixed on the fixing assembly.

[0013] The present invention also includes a geological disaster monitoring method, including the above-mentioned geological disaster monitoring device, including drilling a hole into the rock formation at the position to be measured, fixing the displacement measurement component at a predetermined position of the monitoring rod and connecting the wire, lowering the measuring device along the hole until the fixed component enters the rock formation, fixing the fixed component in the rock formation by grouting through a grouting pipe, backfilling the soil, and installing a solar power generation device and a communication component on the surface.

[0014] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0015] A geological disaster monitoring device of the present invention fixes a fixed component in a rock layer, so the fixed component will not move with the displacement of the soil. The displacement measuring component is buried in the soil and can generate displacement together with the soil. The purpose of soil displacement monitoring can be achieved by monitoring the displacement of the displacement measuring component relative to the fixed component.

[0016] In order to prevent other soil layers from affecting the displacement of the corresponding displacement measurement assembly by acting on the monitoring rod, in a specific embodiment, the contact area between the displacement measurement assembly and the soil is set to be larger than the contact area between the monitoring rod and the soil.

[0017] In other specific embodiments of the present invention, multiple displacement measuring devices are provided on the monitoring rod, and the relative displacement between the displacement measuring devices and the monitoring rod is utilized to achieve the measurement of the displacement of independent soil bodies in different soil layers or at different depths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection between the variable resistor inside the fixed component and the contact electrode in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection between the displacement measurement assembly and the monitoring rod in Example 2;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement measurement assembly in Example 2;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upper extrusion surface of Example 3.

[0023] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Soil layer; 2. Rock layer; 3. Fixing assembly; 301. Waterproof cover; 302. Rack; 4. Monitoring rod; 401. Extrusion disk; 5. Displacement measurement assembly; 501. Groove; 502. Through hole; 503. Elastic waterproof structure; 6. Variable resistor; 7. Contact electrode; 8. Upper extrusion surface; 9. Pressure block; 10. Pull rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, a geological disaster monitoring device of the present invention includes a displacement measuring component 5 buried in the soil and a fixing component 3 fixed in the rock layer 2. The displacement measuring component 5 and the soil generate displacement together. The displacement measuring component 5 is connected to the monitoring rod 4, and the monitoring rod 4 is connected to the fixing component 3. The monitoring device can monitor the relative displacement of the displacement measuring component 5 relative to the fixing component 3. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the specific embodiment 1 of the present invention, the displacement measuring component 5 adopts a fixed rigid shape, the whole is a block structure, and is buried in a predetermined soil layer 1. The displacement measuring component 5 is fixed to the monitoring rod 4. The fixed component 3 is buried in the rock layer 2, and the monitoring rod 4 is rotatably connected to the fixed component 3 through a rotating shaft. The outer side of the rotating shaft is provided with a waterproof cover 301 that can rotate together with the monitoring rod 4. The rotating shaft is arranged inside the fixed component 3, and a gear is connected to the rotating shaft and cooperates with the rack 302 through a gear set. The rack 302 can be set in a groove and move along the groove and other structures. The gear set can make smaller soil displacements appear in a more obvious way by amplifying the moving distance of the rack 302. The gear set's function of amplifying the above distance is common knowledge and will not be further described here. A contact electrode 7 is provided on the rack 302, and the contact electrode 7 can move on a variable resistor 6. The contact electrode 7 and one end of the variable resistor 6 are connected to a wire. When the soil body is displaced, the displacement measurement assembly 5 moves together under its action, and drives the monitoring rod 4 to rotate, the rotating shaft rotates, the rotating shaft drives the gear set to rotate, and drives the rack 302 to move so that the contact electrode 7 moves on the variable resistor 6, thereby changing the resistance value of the variable resistor 6 in the circuit, measuring the corresponding current, and through the relationship between the resistance value and the displacement, the relationship between the current and the displacement can be derived. Since the monitoring rod 4 is driven to rotate by the displacement measurement assembly 5 in Example 1, what is actually monitored is the rotation angle of the monitoring rod 4. Therefore, Example 1 is suitable for monitoring the displacement of deep soil at the rock-soil interface. When it is used for the upper soil, the length of the monitoring rod 4 is long, and the smaller displacement of the soil layer 1 is difficult to monitor. Of course, Example 1 should also include a power supply and a sensor for measuring resistance or current. Corresponding memory, processor, and communication components can also be provided. Generally, the above structure can be provided on the surface to facilitate maintenance in the event of a fault. The power supply can be provided by providing solar panels on the surface to generate electricity and providing a rechargeable battery assembly for storing electrical energy.

[0026] In the above embodiment, referring to Figure 1As shown, the contact area between the displacement measurement component 5 and the soil layer 1 is larger than the contact area between the monitoring rod 4 and the soil layer 1, so that the displacement formed by monitoring the monitoring device can reflect the displacement of the soil layer 1 where the displacement measurement component 5 is located. The monitoring rod 4 adopts a thin rod, which can reduce the influence of other soil layers 1 on the monitoring rod 4, so that the above structure can be used for monitoring adjacent soil layers 1 at the rock-soil interface. When Example 1 is only used for monitoring the soil layer 1 at the rock-soil interface, the above influence can be ignored.

[0027] In order to solve the problem of upper soil displacement monitoring in Example 1, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in Example 2, the monitoring rod 4 is movably connected to the displacement measuring component 5, and the displacement measuring component 5 includes a shell, a through hole 502 for the monitoring rod 4 to pass through is set in the middle, inner walls are set around the through hole 502, grooves 501 are set on the opposite inner walls, and an elastic waterproof structure 503, such as rubber, is set on the groove 501. A strip-shaped contact electrode 7 that can be elastically deformed is connected to the elastic waterproof structure 503, and a variable resistor 6 is set on the shell opposite to the contact electrode 7. An extrusion disk 401 is fixedly set at the position where the monitoring rod and the displacement measuring component 5 cooperate. The monitoring rod passes through the through hole 502 and sets a part of the extrusion disk 401 in the groove 501. The extrusion disk 401 can squeeze the corresponding position of the contact electrode 7, and make the squeezed part of the contact electrode 7 contact with the corresponding part of the variable resistor 6 to form a passage. When the soil shifts, the position of the displacement measurement assembly 5 relative to the monitoring rod changes. This changes the position of the squeeze disc 401, and the contact position between the contact electrode 7 and the variable resistor 6 also changes accordingly. This changes the resistance value of the variable resistor 6 in the circuit, and the corresponding displacement is obtained by measuring the corresponding current. In this embodiment, the pressure between the squeeze disc 401 and the elastic waterproof structure 503 can be set to a relatively low level to avoid excessive friction. The soil layer 1 has a certain degree of compressibility, which prevents soil compression from affecting the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0028] In the above embodiment 2, the through hole 502 is generally set as a strip hole, and the direction of the displacement measurement component 5 is generally required to be consistent with the displacement direction of the soil. For some application scenarios, the displacement direction of the soil can be determined. For example, when a landslide occurs, the movement direction of the soil layer 1 slides down the slope. However, if the movement direction of the soil layer 1 changes within a certain range, the displacement direction of the soil layer 1 may be inconsistent with the pre-buried direction, which will bring additional resistance and cause the displacement measurement component 5 to be unable to accurately reflect the displacement of the measuring point. An improved technical solution, namely embodiment 3, refers to Figure 5As shown, the monitoring rod 4 is fixed with a measuring device body, which includes a shell, a lower extrusion surface and a disc-shaped upper extrusion surface 8 provided in the shell, the upper extrusion surface 8 being made of an elastic material, a pressing block 9 being provided between the upper extrusion surface 8 and the lower extrusion surface, the upper extrusion surface 8 being fixed with a contact electrode 7, a plurality of resistors with different resistance values being provided in an annular array on the upper portion of the upper extrusion surface 8, the pressing block 9 being able to squeeze the upper extrusion surface 8 so that the corresponding contact electrode 7 is connected to the corresponding resistor, the pressing block 9 being fixed on a rigid pull rope, one end of the pull rope being fixed to a displacement measurement assembly, the initial position of the displacement measurement assembly being set in the soil at a predetermined distance from the measuring device body. In Example 3, since the resistance values of the resistors in the array are different, when the soil body produces different directional displacements, the pressing block 9 will move to the corresponding resistor, and the position of the pressing block 9 can be determined based on the value obtained by monitoring, and the direction and distance of the displacement can be obtained based on the initial position and current position information, and the displacement changes of different time periods can be marked by points in the continuous change diagram of the displacement, and a displacement change trend diagram can be formed by connecting lines.

[0029] In the third embodiment, a mudguard is provided between the upper extrusion surface 8 and the lower extrusion surface. A circular hole is provided in the center of the mudguard for the movement of the pull rope, and a drainage hole is provided on the underside of the mudguard. A wire mesh can be provided to support the upper extrusion surface 8 to prevent sagging at the center. The mesh of the wire mesh should be larger than the size of the pressing block 9, which can be spherical.

[0030] In the above-mentioned Examples 2 and 3, referring to Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of displacement measurement components 5 are provided on the monitoring rod 4 . The displacement measurement components 5 are arranged at equal intervals on the monitoring rod 4 or in different soil layers 1 . The monitoring rod 4 is rigid and fixed on the fixing component 3 .

[0031] The present invention also includes a geological disaster monitoring method, which uses the above-mentioned geological disaster monitoring device, including drilling a hole into the rock layer 2 at the position to be measured, fixing the displacement measurement component 5 at a predetermined position of the monitoring rod and connecting the wire, lowering the measuring device along the hole until the fixed component 3 enters the rock layer 2, fixing the fixed component 3 in the rock layer 2 by grouting through a grouting pipe, backfilling the soil, and installing a solar power generation device and a communication component on the surface.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological disaster monitoring device, characterized in that: The monitoring device comprises a displacement measuring assembly buried in the soil and a fixing assembly fixed in the rock formation, wherein the displacement measuring assembly and the soil jointly generate displacement, the displacement measuring assembly is connected to a monitoring rod, and the monitoring rod is connected to the fixing assembly, and the monitoring device can monitor the relative displacement of the displacement measuring assembly relative to the fixing assembly; A displacement measuring assembly is movably connected to the monitoring rod. A variable resistor and a contact electrode are provided inside the displacement measuring assembly. The displacement measuring assembly can squeeze the contact electrode to make it contact with the variable resistor. The soil can drive the corresponding displacement measuring assembly to produce relative displacement with the monitoring rod, causing the position of the monitoring rod squeezing the displacement measuring assembly to change, causing the contact electrode to contact different positions of the variable resistor, thereby changing the resistance value of the variable resistor in the circuit. The corresponding displacement is obtained by measuring the corresponding current. The measuring device body is fixed on the monitoring pole. The measuring device body includes an outer shell. A lower extrusion surface and a disc-shaped upper extrusion surface are provided in the outer shell. The upper extrusion surface is made of elastic material. A pressure block is provided between the upper extrusion surface and the lower extrusion surface. The upper extrusion surface is fixed with a contact electrode. A plurality of resistors with different resistance values are provided in an upper annular array of the upper extrusion surface. The pressure block can squeeze the upper extrusion surface so that the corresponding contact electrode is connected to the corresponding resistor. The pressure block is fixed on the rigid pull rope. One end of the pull rope is fixed to the displacement measurement component. The initial position of the displacement measurement component is set in the soil at a predetermined distance from the measuring device body.

2. A geological disaster monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fender is provided between the upper extrusion surface and the lower extrusion surface, a strip hole for the pull rope to move is reserved in the middle of the fender, and a drainage hole is provided on the lower side of the fender.

3. A geological disaster monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monitoring rod is provided with a plurality of displacement measurement components, and the displacement measurement components are arranged at equal intervals on the monitoring rod or in different soil layers.

4. A geological disaster monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monitoring rod is rigid and fixed on the fixing assembly.

5. A geological disaster monitoring method, using the geological disaster monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method includes drilling a hole into the rock formation at the location to be measured, fixing the displacement measurement component at a predetermined position of the monitoring pole and connecting the wires, lowering the measuring device along the hole until the fixed component enters the rock formation, fixing the fixed component in the rock formation by grouting through a grouting pipe, backfilling the soil, and installing a solar power generation device and a communication component on the surface.

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