Wheat and corn intercropping root taking device

Abstract

The wheat and corn intercropping root taking device comprises a support, hydraulic jacking rods are fixedly installed on the two sides of the upper end of the support, and a sampling assembly is movably connected into the support through the hydraulic jacking rods; the sampling assembly comprises a long-strip-shaped frame, a sampling cutter plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the long edge, and a jacking cutter plate is movably installed at the lower end of the short edge. Jacking and pressing assemblies are fixedly mounted on the two sides of the sampling assembly respectively, each jacking and pressing assembly comprises a hydraulic extension rod and an abutting wheel rotationally connected to the moving end of the hydraulic extension rod, and the abutting wheels abut against the jacking and pressing cutter plate; according to the invention, a group of sampling assemblies enclosed by sampling cutter plates and jacking cutter plates are arranged, and a hydraulic jacking rod is inserted into soil, so that excavation and sampling work of the soil and a target plant is completed, and meanwhile, a vibration assembly for shaking off the soil is arranged; the sampling assembly can shake off soil during the lifting period, so that the load is reduced, and complete root systems of wheat and corn plants are reserved, so that subsequent sampling research operation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of crop detection, and in particular to a root sampling device for wheat and corn intercropping. Background Art Wheat and corn are common food crops and the main food source for human beings. In many areas of my country, these two crops are often planted in an intercropping mode. This planting method makes full use of light resources, heat resources, and land resources, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of land, thereby increasing the harvest yield of crops. In order to ensure the harvest yield of the intercropping planting model of wheat and corn, researchers in related industries usually need to conduct growth research on the rhizomes of wheat and corn plants, such as the different developmental distribution of the rhizomes of the two crops in soils with different compositions during the growth cycle, and the distribution of their microbial communities. Therefore, root sampling operations are required multiple times.

[0002] In the prior art, in order to ensure the integrity of the root system when sampling the roots of wheat and corn, workers usually use glass containers to load soil of different compositions in their experimental fields, and intercrop wheat and corn in them, so as to observe the growth distribution of the roots and stems of different crops. The glass containers can also be removed to conduct complete microbial community sampling operations on the complete root structure. However, such operation methods are only applicable to special experimental sites, and it is impossible to perform high-integrity root sampling operations on intercropped millet and corn in real farmland, which is not convenient for subsequent sampling and research operations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wheat-corn intercropping root extraction device capable of performing complete root extraction operations on millet and corn intercropped in real farmland in view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a bracket, with hydraulic jacking rods fixedly installed on both sides of its upper end, and a sampling assembly movably connected to the bracket through the hydraulic jacking rods; the sampling assembly includes a long strip frame, with a sampling knife plate fixedly installed on the lower end of its long side, and a pressing knife plate movably installed on the lower end of its short side; pressing assemblies are fixedly installed on both sides of the sampling assembly, and the pressing assemblies include a hydraulic extension rod and an abutment wheel rotatably connected to the movable end of the hydraulic extension rod, and the abutment wheel abuts the pressing knife plate.

[0005] By adopting the above technical scheme, the sampling assembly formed by the sampling knife plate and the top pressure knife plate can be inserted into the soil under the action of the hydraulic jacking rod to complete the sampling operation of the target soil and the root system of the plant, and the top pressure assembly can force the top pressure knife plate to move and compress the soil in the sampling assembly, thereby improving the excavation and sampling stability of the sampling assembly on the soil.

[0006] In a specific technical solution, the sampling assembly also includes multiple groups of clamping seats slidably connected to the long strip frame, each group is symmetrically distributed, and the clamping seat includes a displacement block and a clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected in the displacement block, and the clamping end of the clamping block is arc-shaped.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, each set of clamping seats can be docked through sliding adjustment, so that the stem diameters of wheat and corn plants can be clamped to ensure the stability of the sampling operation.

[0008] In a specific technical solution, each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks has arc-shaped clamping end faces embedded with magnetic blocks, which are relatively distributed as anodes and cathodes, and are used to attract each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks to each other and connect them by magnetic adsorption.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the magnetic block can improve the clamping stability of each group of clamping blocks, and further ensure the clamping effect of the clamping seat on the plant stem diameter.

[0010] In a specific technical solution, the sampling assembly also includes a vibration assembly, which includes a vibration plate embedded in the adjacent surfaces of the two sampling blades, a force plate embedded in the back surfaces of the two sampling blades, and a transmission bracket located on the force plate and connected to the vibration plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, after being hit, the force-bearing plate can transmit force to the vibration plate through the transmission bracket, causing it to vibrate, thereby shaking off the soil clamped in the sampling component, so that the roots and stems of the plants can be retained with high integrity.

[0012] In a specific technical solution, the transmission bracket includes a support rod and a vibration spring fixedly installed at one end of the support rod, and the transmission end of the vibration spring abuts against the vibration plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibration spring can further increase the force transmitted by the force plate and the support rod, thereby promoting the vibration effect of the vibration plate.

[0014] In a specific technical solution, the vibration assembly also includes an extension plate fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the force-bearing plate, and a force spring is arranged between the extension plate and the sampling knife plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the extension plate can increase the force range of the force-bearing plate, and at the same time, under the action of the force spring, the extension plate can drive the force-bearing plate, the transmission bracket and the vibration plate to reset after the force is unloaded.

[0016] In a specific technical solution, a hanging block is formed at the upper end of the top pressure blade, and a sliding cavity is provided at the connection between the long strip frame and the hanging block. The hanging block is T-shaped and is slidably connected in the sliding cavity.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the hanging block can drive the top pressing blade to smoothly and stably adjust the sliding displacement along the sliding cavity, thereby ensuring the abutting and pressing effect of the top pressing component.

[0018] In a specific technical solution, a sliding block is formed at the lower end of the displacement block, a sliding rail is provided at the connection between the long strip frame and the sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding rail.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the displacement block can be adjusted by sliding displacement smoothly and stably along the slide rail under the action of the sliding block, thereby improving the use flexibility of the clamping seat.

[0020] In a specific technical solution, universal wheels are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the bracket.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the universal wheel can make the overall structure of the sampling device have a convenient moving effect.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a sampling assembly consisting of a sampling blade and a jacking blade, and uses a hydraulic jacking rod to insert into the soil to complete the excavation and sampling of soil and target plants. At the same time, it is equipped with a vibration assembly for shaking off the soil. The sampling assembly can shake off the soil during lifting to reduce the weight and retain the complete root system of wheat and corn plants, so as to facilitate subsequent sampling and research operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sampling component in a wheat-corn intercropping root sampling device according to the present invention; Figure 3 The invention relates to a root taking device for wheat and corn intercropping. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the middle frame and the top pressure blade; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sampling component in a root sampling device for wheat and corn intercropping according to the present invention; Figure 5 The invention relates to a root taking device for wheat and corn intercropping. Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at center; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration component in a wheat-corn intercropping root extraction device according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is another structural schematic diagram of the vibration component in the wheat-corn intercropping root extraction device of the present invention; Figure 8The invention relates to a root taking device for wheat and corn intercropping. Figure 7 Rear view of Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the vibration spring in the wheat-corn intercropping root-taking device of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the dial handle in the wheat-corn intercropping root-taking device of the present invention; Fig.11 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a sharp corner at the bottom of a sampling component in a wheat-corn intercropping root sampling device.

[0024] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1. Bracket; 2. Hydraulic jacking rod; 3. Sampling assembly; 301. Frame; 302. Sampling knife plate; 303. Pressing knife plate; 4. Pressing assembly; 401. Hydraulic extension rod; 402. Abutment wheel; 5. Clamping seat; 501. Displacement block; 502. Clamping block; 503. Sliding block; 504. Slide rail; 505. Magnetic block; 601. Vibration plate; 602. Force plate; 603. Transmission bracket; 6031. Support rod; 6032. Vibration spring; 604. Extension plate; 605. Force spring; 7. Dial handle; 8. Extension shaft; 9. Receiver seat; 10. Drive motor; 11. Hanging block; 12. Sliding cavity; 13. Universal wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a wheat and corn intercropping root sampling device in this embodiment includes a bracket 1, and hydraulic jacking rods 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper end of the bracket 1. A sampling component 3 is movably connected to the bracket 1 through the hydraulic jacking rods 2; the hydraulic jacking rods 2 can drive the sampling component 3 to move up and down under the action of its hydraulic system, so that the sampling component 3 can be pressed to insert into the soil of the planting field to perform excavation sampling operations on the target sample, and the sampling component 3 includes a long strip frame 301, a sampling knife plate 302 is fixedly installed at the lower end of its long side, and a sampling knife plate 302 is movably installed at the lower end of its short side. The top pressure blade 303; the sampling blade 302 and the top pressure blade 303 form a frame structure, and the sharp angle at the bottom end can be inserted into the soil of the planting field under the action of the hydraulic jacking rod 2 to dig the soil and target plants in the corresponding area. Among them, the main roots of wheat and corn are distributed at a soil depth of 40-50 cm. Therefore, the vertical length of the sampling component 3 needs to be more than 50 cm, and under the action of the hydraulic jacking rod 2, it can be inserted into the soil more than 50 cm to dig and sample the main roots of wheat and corn.

[0027] When inserting, Fig.11 As shown, the soil will be compressed into the sampling assembly 3 under the action of the sharp angles at the lower ends of the sampling blade 302 and the pressing blade 303, so that the sampling assembly 3 can clamp the soil therein, and when the hydraulic jacking rod 2 contracts, the soil and the wheat and corn plants planted in the soil area are dug out, so that the main roots of the wheat and corn plants can be completely dug out and sampled along with the soil.

[0028] In this embodiment, in order to cope with the soft soil environment and further ensure the stability of the soil clamping operation of the sampling component 3, a top pressing component 4 is fixedly installed on both sides of the sampling component 3, and the top pressing component 4 includes a hydraulic extension rod 401 and an abutment wheel 402 rotatably connected to the moving end of the hydraulic extension rod 401, and the abutment wheel 402 abuts against the top pressing knife plate 303; wherein the hydraulic extension rod 401 can drive the abutment wheel 402 to tightly adhere to the side wall of the abutment knife plate 303 by extension, and force the top pressing knife plate 303 to move into the sampling component 3, so as to further compress the soil in the sampling component 3, so as to ensure the stability of the sampling component 3 in completely excavating the soil.

[0029] Among them, a hanging block 11 is formed at the upper end of the pressing knife plate 303, and a sliding cavity 12 is opened at the connection between the long strip frame 301 and the hanging block 11. The hanging block 11 is T-shaped and is slidably connected in the sliding cavity 12. The pressing knife plate 303 can be suspended and displaced along the sliding cavity 12 under the action of the hanging block 11, thereby ensuring that the pressing knife plate 303 can be displaced smoothly and stably under the pressure of the pressing component 4.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the sampling assembly 3 also includes a plurality of groups of clamping seats 5 slidably connected to the long strip frame 301, each group is symmetrically distributed, and the clamping seat 5 includes a displacement block 501 and a clamping block 502, the clamping block 502 is slidably connected in the displacement block 501, and the clamping end of the clamping block 502 is arc-shaped. The clamping block 502 can be telescopically adjusted based on the displacement block 501, so that the arc-shaped clamping end can be used to clamp the wheat or corn plants, thereby ensuring the stability of the sampling assembly 3 in the excavation and sampling operation of the wheat and corn plants and their rhizomes.

[0031] Among them, a sliding block 503 is formed at the lower end of the displacement block 501, and a sliding rail 504 is provided at the connection between the long strip frame 301 and the sliding block 503. The sliding block 503 is slidably connected in the sliding rail 504. The displacement block 501 can be slidably adjusted along the sliding rail 504 under the action of the sliding block 503, so that the relatively distributed clamping seats 5 can be flexibly adapted and adjusted to meet the needs of clamping and fixing the pole diameter of the target plant.

[0032] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the arc-shaped clamping end faces of each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks 502 are embedded with magnetic blocks 505, which are relatively distributed as anodes and cathodes, and are used to attract each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks 502 to each other and connect them by magnetic adsorption. The clamping blocks 502 that are telescopically adjusted based on the displacement blocks 501 can, under the action of the magnetic blocks 505, produce a magnetic adsorption connection effect when the two relatively clamping blocks 502 are close to each other, thereby stably clamping the target plant between the two clamping blocks 502.

[0033] After the sampling assembly 3 is inserted to a suitable depth, the soil and the target plant can be hooped and moved upward under the contraction effect of the hydraulic jacking rod 2. In order to reduce the load and extract the complete root structure, the sampling assembly 3 is also equipped with a vibration assembly for shaking off the soil, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6-Figure 9As shown, the vibration assembly includes a vibration plate 601 embedded on the adjacent surfaces of the two sampling blade plates 302, a force plate 602 embedded on the opposite back surfaces of the two sampling blade plates 302, and a transmission bracket 603603 located on the force plate 602 and connected to the vibration plate 601; the force plate 602 is connected to the vibration plate 601 through the transmission bracket 603603. When the force plate 602 is struck, the force will be radially diffused through the transmission bracket 603603 to various parts of the vibration plate 601, so that the vibration plate 601 can produce corresponding vibration. Therefore, during the period when the sampling assembly 3 hoists up the soil and moves upward, the staff can hold a striking device to strike the force plate 602, so that the soil clamped in the sampling assembly 3 can be shaken off by the vibration assembly, thereby retaining the complete root structure of the target plant.

[0034] In this embodiment, during the period when the vibration assembly shakes off the soil, the target plant is stably connected to the sampling assembly 3 by the clamping action of the clamping block 502, so as to ensure that the complete rhizome of the target plant is retained.

[0035] In addition, in this embodiment, the force plate 602 will be slightly displaced after being hit, which can drive the transmission bracket 603603 and the vibration plate 601 to be displaced synchronously, and the vibration plate 601 will vibrate to achieve the effect of shaking off the soil. At the same time, it can further abut the soil to ensure that the force of the vibration movement of the vibration plate 601 can be more efficiently and stably transmitted to the soil, thereby promoting the effect of shaking off the soil. After the soil is shaken off, the staff can manually reset it. The vibration component described here is suitable for soil properties that are relatively compact and not easy to shake off.

[0036] In order to further improve the vibration effect of the vibration plate 601, Figure 6 As shown, the transmission bracket 603603 includes a support rod 6031 and a vibration spring 6032 fixedly installed at one end of the support rod 6031, the transmission end of the vibration spring 6032 abuts against the vibration plate 601, and the vibration spring 6032 can amplify the impact force received by the force plate 602 and transmit it to the vibration plate 601, thereby ensuring the vibration plate 601 has a shaking effect on the soil.

[0037] In another embodiment, in order to eliminate the manual reset operation of the staff and ensure the shaking effect of the vibration component when dealing with relatively loose soil, such as Figure 7-Figure 9As shown, the vibration assembly also includes an extension plate 604 fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the force-bearing plate 602, and a force spring 605 is arranged between the extension plate 604 and the sampling knife plate 302. The extension plate 604 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sampling knife plate 302 through the force spring 605. When the force-bearing plate 602 or the extension plate 604 is hit, the force spring 605 will be compressed. After the force-bearing plate 602 unloads the force, the force spring 605 will release the compression effect, driving the extension plate 604 and the force plate 602 to reset. In this embodiment, the force spring 605 can also further improve the vibration movement effect of the vibration assembly, and at the same time improve its shaking effect on the soil, which is suitable for soil with relatively loose soil.

[0038] In another embodiment, if Fig.10 As shown, both sides of the bracket 1 are rotatably connected with the dial handle 7 through the receiving seat 9, and the two ends of the dial handle are rotatably connected to the receiving seat 9 through the extension shaft 8, and one end of the extension shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the driving motor 10. The dial handle is used to hit the force plate 602. After the driving motor 10 is started, it can drive the extension shaft 8 and the dial handle 7 to rotate, so that the dial handle 7 can continuously hit the force plate 602 and the extension plate 604 through the rotation of the protrusions on its surface, which can replace the staff to complete the force plate 602 Striking operation, in this embodiment, the extension plate 604 can not only increase the striking area of ​​the force plate 602 under the action of the adaptive force spring 605, but also enable the sampling component 3 to continuously strike the outer surface of the force plate 602 and the extension plate 604 during the upward movement after digging the soil and the target plant. The force plate 602 can be struck before it is lifted to the soil surface, thereby forcing the vibration component to perform the vibration movement as soon as possible, so that the target effect of reducing the weight of the sampling component 3 during the lifting period is more significant.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention solves the problem in the prior art that it is inconvenient for workers to perform high-integrity root sampling operations on millet and corn intercropped in real farmlands by providing a wheat-corn intercropping root sampling device that can perform complete root sampling operations on millet and corn intercropped in real farmlands. The overall idea of ​​this embodiment to solve the above problem is: by setting a group of sampling components 3 surrounded by a sampling knife plate 302 and a pressing knife plate 303, and using a hydraulic jacking rod 2 to insert into the soil, the excavation and sampling of soil and target plants are completed, and at the same time, a vibration component for shaking off the soil is equipped, so that the sampling component 3 can shake off the soil during lifting to reduce the weight and retain the complete root system of the wheat and corn plants, so as to facilitate subsequent sampling and research operations.

[0040] In the above embodiment, in order to ensure the mobility of the entire device, Figure 1 and Fig.10 As shown, universal wheels 13 are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the bracket 1 .

[0041] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping, characterized in that: include: The bracket has hydraulic jacking rods fixedly installed on both sides of its upper end, and a sampling assembly is movably connected in the bracket through the hydraulic jacking rods; The sampling assembly comprises a long strip frame, a sampling knife plate is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the long side of the frame, and a pressing knife plate is movably mounted on the lower end of the short side of the frame; The two sides of the sampling component are respectively fixedly installed with a pressing component, and the pressing component comprises a hydraulic extension rod and an abutment wheel rotatably connected to the moving end of the hydraulic extension rod, and the abutment wheel abuts against the pressing knife plate.

2. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly also includes a plurality of groups of clamping seats slidably connected to the long strip frame, each group is symmetrically distributed, and the clamping seats include a displacement block and a clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected inside the displacement block, and the clamping end of the clamping block is arc-shaped.

3. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped clamping end faces of each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks are embedded with magnetic blocks, which are relatively distributed as anodes and cathodes, and are used to attract each group of relatively distributed clamping blocks to each other and connect them by magnetic adsorption.

4. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly also includes a vibration assembly, which includes a vibration plate embedded on adjacent surfaces of the two sampling blades, a force-bearing plate embedded on opposite back surfaces of the two sampling blades, and a transmission bracket located on the force-bearing plate and connected to the vibration plate.

5. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission bracket comprises a support rod and a vibration spring fixedly installed at one end of the support rod, and the transmission end of the vibration spring abuts against the vibration plate.

6. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration assembly also includes an extension plate fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the force-bearing plate, and a force-bearing spring is arranged between the extension plate and the sampling knife plate.

7. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two sides of the bracket are rotatably connected with a dial handle through a receiving seat, the two ends of the dial handle are rotatably connected in the receiving seat through an extension shaft, and one end of the extension shaft is fixedly connected to the power output end of the driving motor, and the dial handle is used to hit the force plate.

8. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hanging block is formed on the upper end of the top-pressing blade plate, and a sliding cavity is provided at the connection between the long strip frame and the hanging block. The hanging block is T-shaped and is slidably connected in the sliding cavity.

9. The root extraction device for wheat and corn intercropping according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding block is formed at the lower end of the displacement block, and a sliding rail is provided at the connection between the long strip frame and the sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding rail.

10. The root-collecting device for wheat and corn intercropping according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Universal wheels are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the bracket.

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