Device and method for testing influence of ditch heat insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel hole

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a device for testing the influence of a ditch heat insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel hole, the device comprises a base model and a tunnel model fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model, and the upper surface of the base model is provided with two ditches which are located in the tunnel model and are symmetrically distributed. A storage box is arranged in the ditch, four vertical plates which are symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box, a circular shaft is rotationally connected between every two vertical plates which are adjacent left and right, the two ends of each circular shaft are sleeved with moving rollers, and rails for the moving rollers to move are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model; the front side of the storage box is provided with two symmetrically-distributed spray heads, a feeding mechanism, two cleaning brushes and an adjusting mechanism, the outer wall of the tunnel model is covered with a partition temperature control plate, a supporting rod located in the tunnel model is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the supporting rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular is a test device and method for the influence of a ditch heat insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Among the railway tunnels that have been built and are under construction in my country, the most construction challenges are encountered in the western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and other plateau areas. Due to the strong plate tectonic activity, complex geological conditions and widespread distribution of underground hot water in these areas, some tunnels are affected by the depth of burial and hydrothermal activity fractures. Under the heat transfer of deep heat sources or high-temperature faults, the surrounding rock produces obvious high temperature phenomena, which are called high geothermal tunnels. High geothermal tunnels are mainly divided into two types: high rock temperature tunnels and high water temperature tunnels. The seepage heat transfer and heat accumulation of underground hot water in the fractured rock mass may cause the tunnel to encounter abnormally high geothermal sections. In addition, when underground hot water seeps into the tunnel environment, the high-temperature hot water quickly evaporates and releases heat, causing the temperature and humidity environment of the tunnel to deteriorate continuously, greatly affecting the operating efficiency of construction machinery and endangering the health of workers. The thermal insulation layer is one of the most widely used thermal insulation measures for high geothermal tunnels. However, the thermal insulation layer is generally laid between the initial support and the secondary lining, and does not have a thermal insulation effect on the evaporation and heat release process of high-temperature hot water after it seeps into the ditch. The ditch cover can block the direct impact of hot water evaporation on the tunnel environment, but the hot water will indirectly transfer heat to the tunnel environment through the ditch side wall concrete in the form of heat conduction, causing the temperature inside the tunnel to rise. How to simulate the abnormally high geothermal section caused by the seepage of underground hot water in the fractured rock mass, and effectively hinder the heat conduction of the ditch side wall concrete to reduce the heat transfer of hot water to the tunnel environment is a key problem that needs to be solved during the operation of high-temperature tunnels. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the evolution of temperature and humidity in the tunnel, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a test device and method for the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, comprising a base model and a tunnel model fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model, wherein the upper surface of the base model is provided with two ditch grooves located in the tunnel model and symmetrically distributed, a storage box is arranged in the ditch, the upper surface of the storage box is fixedly connected with four vertical plates symmetrically distributed in pairs, and a circular shaft is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates on the left and right, both ends of the two circular shafts are sleeved with moving rollers, a track for the moving rollers is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model, two symmetrically distributed nozzles and a feeding mechanism for driving the nozzles to move up and down are arranged on the front side of the storage box, two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes to move in the horizontal direction are arranged on the front side of the storage box, the outer wall of the tunnel model is covered with a partition temperature control plate, a support rod located in the tunnel model is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod.

[0005] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a horizontal plate fixed on the front surface of the storage box, the lower surface of the horizontal plate is rotatably connected to a first cylindrical cam, the surface of the first cylindrical cam is sleeved with a first movable sleeve, the first movable sleeve is fixedly connected with a first sliding block adapted to the groove on the surface of the first cylindrical cam, and the lower surface of the horizontal plate is vertically fixed with a limiting rod that passes through the first movable sleeve and allows the first movable sleeve to slide up and down.

[0006] Preferably, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to one side of the first movable sleeve, and rectangular sleeves are integrally fixed to the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame. Two rectangular tubes distributed front and back penetrate through the two rectangular sleeves, and the rectangular tubes are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves.

[0007] Preferably, the two nozzles are fixed on two rectangular tubes respectively, and circular tubes communicating with the interiors of the two rectangular tubes are fixed on the surfaces of the two rectangular tubes, and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes and the storage box.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a gear 1 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate and coaxially fixed with the first cylindrical cam, and an annular shaft rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate, on which a gear 2 meshing with the gear 1 is sleeved.

[0009] Preferably, the horizontal plate is rotatably connected to a ratchet located in the annular shaft body, a support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular shaft body, a ratchet is rotatably connected to the support seat, the ratchet is meshed with the ratchet, a spring is fixedly connected to the ratchet, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft body.

[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear coaxially fixed with the ratchet is rotatably connected below the transverse plate, two symmetrically distributed supporting plates are vertically fixed to the surface of the storage box, and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates.

[0011] Preferably, the two opposite sides of the two supporting plates are rotatably connected with a second cylindrical cam coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear, the two second cylindrical cams are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams are both provided with a second movable sleeve, and the second movable sleeve is integrally fixed with a second sliding block that is compatible with the groove on the surface of the second cylindrical cam, the surface of the second movable sleeve is fixedly connected with a round rod 1, the cleaning brush is fixed to the free end of the round rod 1, and the surfaces of the two supporting plates are fixedly connected with two cross bars distributed up and down, and the round rod 1 is slidably connected between the two cross bars distributed up and down.

[0012] Preferably, the second movable sleeve is fixedly connected to round rod 2 on one side away from round rod 1, and the free end of round rod 2 is fixedly connected to a rectangular frame. The opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes extend into the two rectangular frames respectively and are slidably connected to the rectangular frames up and down.

[0013] A method for using a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Open and adjust the zone temperature control panel to simulate the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restore the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel;

[0015] S2. Introduce high-temperature hot water at the face of the base model and the tunnel model to simulate underground hot water seepage, and turn on the temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the inner wall insulation layer of the ditch;

[0016] S3, stop introducing high-temperature hot water at the face, wait for the hot water to completely flow out of the ditch, start the motor to drive gear 1 to rotate in the opposite direction, drive the two cleaning brushes to move in opposite directions, make the cleaning brushes and the inner wall of the ditch fit each other, and then the cleaning brushes follow the storage box to move along the ditch to clean the inner wall of the ditch;

[0017] S4, the thermal insulation coating is loaded into the storage box, and the driving gear rotates forward, driving the spray head to move up and down, spraying the thermal insulation coating on the inner wall of the ditch;

[0018] S5. Finally, monitor the evolution of temperature and humidity field in the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of the ditch.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] By setting a track, the storage box can move along the ditch with the heat-insulating coating loaded therein, and the nozzle moves along the ditch following the storage box;

[0021] By setting up a feeding mechanism, the nozzle can be driven to move up and down to spray the thermal insulation coating in the storage box into the ditch;

[0022] By setting up an adjustment mechanism, the two cleaning brushes can be driven to move in opposite directions to a state where they fit the inner wall of the ditch. When the cleaning brushes follow the storage box and move along the ditch, the inner wall of the ditch can be cleaned.

[0023] The adjustment mechanism can also drive the two nozzles to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the distance between the nozzles and the inner wall of the ditch;

[0024] The closer the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the ditch, the thicker the coating sprayed on the ditch; the farther the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the ditch, the thinner the coating sprayed on the ditch;

[0025] The storage box can not only be loaded with thermal insulation paint, but also with cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the inner wall of the ditch by the nozzle and cleaned with a cleaning brush. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the nozzle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning brush of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the location of the rectangular sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the position of the gear 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle;

[0034] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0035] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle.

[0036] In the figure: 11, base model; 12, tunnel model; 21, partition temperature control board; 22, support rod; 23, temperature and humidity sensor; 3, ditch; 41, storage box; 42, vertical plate; 43, circular shaft; 44, moving roller; 45, track; 5, nozzle; 61, horizontal plate; 62, first cylindrical cam; 63, first movable sleeve; 64, limit rod; 65, U-shaped frame; 66, rectangular sleeve; 67, rectangular tube; 68, circular tube; 7, cleaning brush; 81, gear one; 82, annular shaft; 83, gear two; 84, support seat; 85, ratchet; 86, spring; 87, ratchet; 88, first bevel gear; 89, bearing plate; 810, second bevel gear; 811, second cylindrical cam; 812, second movable sleeve; 813, round rod one; 814, horizontal rod; 815, round rod two; 816, rectangular frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, comprising a base model 11, and a tunnel model 12 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model 11, wherein the upper surface of the base model 11 is provided with two ditch 3 located in the tunnel model 12 and symmetrically distributed;

[0039] A storage box 41 is arranged in the ditch 3, and four vertical plates 42 symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box 41, and a circular shaft 43 is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates 42 on the left and right, and both ends of the two circular shafts 43 are sleeved with movable rollers 44, and a track 45 for the movable rollers 44 to move is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model 11.

[0040] By adopting the above solution, the storage box 41 can move along the gutter 3 with the heat-insulating paint loaded therein.

[0041] The front side of the storage box 41 is provided with two symmetrically distributed nozzles 5 and a feeding mechanism for driving the nozzles 5 to move up and down;

[0042] By adopting the above solution, the nozzle 5 can follow the storage box 41 and move along the ditch 3; at the same time, the nozzle 5 is driven to move up and down by the feeding mechanism to spray the thermal insulation coating in the storage box 41 into the ditch 3.

[0043] The front side of the storage box 41 is provided with two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes 7 and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes 7 to move in a horizontal direction;

[0044] By setting an adjustment mechanism, the two cleaning brushes 7 can be driven to move in opposite directions to a state where they fit the inner wall of the ditch 3. When the cleaning brushes 7 follow the storage box 41 and move along the ditch 3, the inner wall of the ditch 3 can be cleaned.

[0045] The adjustment mechanism can also drive the two nozzles 5 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the distance between the nozzles 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0046] The closer the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 is, the thicker the coating sprayed on the ditch 3 will be;

[0047] The farther the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 is, the thinner the coating sprayed on the ditch 3 is.

[0048] During use, the storage box 41 can be loaded with not only heat-insulating paint but also cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the inner wall of the ditch 3 by the nozzle 5 and cleaned with the cleaning brush 7 .

[0049] The outer wall of the tunnel model 12 is covered with a partitioned temperature control plate 21, and a support rod 22 located inside the tunnel model 12 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model 11, and a temperature and humidity sensor 23 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod 22.

[0050] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a transverse plate 61 fixed on the front surface of the storage box 41, and the lower surface of the transverse plate 61 is rotatably connected to a first cylindrical cam 62, the surface of the first cylindrical cam 62 is sleeved with a first movable sleeve 63, and the first movable sleeve 63 is fixedly connected with a first sliding block adapted to the surface groove of the first cylindrical cam 62, and a limiting rod 64 is vertically fixed to the lower surface of the transverse plate 61, which passes through the first movable sleeve 63 and allows the first movable sleeve 63 to slide up and down.

[0051] The first cylindrical cam 62 is driven by an external motor.

[0052] By adopting the above solution, the first cylindrical cam 62 can rotate to drive the first movable sleeve 63 to reciprocate along the vertical direction. By setting the limit rod 64, the first movable sleeve 63 can be prevented from rotating with the first cylindrical cam 62, thereby limiting the movement path of the first movable sleeve 63.

[0053] A U-shaped frame 65 is fixedly connected to one side of the first movable sleeve 63 , and rectangular sleeves 66 are integrally fixed to the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame 65 . Two rectangular tubes 67 distributed front and back penetrate through the two rectangular sleeves 66 , and the rectangular tubes 67 are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves 66 .

[0054] The two nozzles 5 are fixed on two rectangular tubes 67 respectively, and circular tubes 68 communicating with the inside of the two rectangular tubes 67 are fixed on the surface of the two rectangular tubes 67 , and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes 68 and the storage box 41 .

[0055] Among them, the hose is not shown in the figure. The above solution can drive the nozzle 5 to reciprocate along the vertical direction without affecting the movement of the nozzle 5 along the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3.

[0056] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a gear 1 81 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate 61 and coaxially fixed with the first cylindrical cam 62, and an annular shaft 82 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate 61, and a gear 2 83 meshing with the gear 1 81 is sleeved on the annular shaft 82.

[0057] The cross plate 61 is rotatably connected to a ratchet 87 located inside the annular shaft 82, the inner wall of the annular shaft 82 is fixedly connected to a support seat 84, the support seat 84 is rotatably connected to a ratchet 85, the ratchet 85 meshes with the ratchet 87, the ratchet 85 is fixedly connected to a spring 86, the other end of the spring 86 is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft 82.

[0058] By adopting the above solution, the gear 1 81 can only drive the ratchet 87 to rotate in one direction.

[0059] A first bevel gear 88 coaxially fixed with the ratchet 87 is rotatably connected below the transverse plate 61 , and two symmetrically distributed supporting plates 89 are vertically fixed to the surface of the storage box 41 , and a second bevel gear 810 meshing with the first bevel gear 88 is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates 89 .

[0060] The opposite sides of the two supporting plates 89 are rotatably connected with the second cylindrical cams 811 coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear 810, the two second cylindrical cams 811 are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams 811 are both sleeved with a second movable sleeve 812, and the second movable sleeve 812 is integrally fixed with a second sliding block adapted to the surface groove of the second cylindrical cam 811, the surface of the second movable sleeve 812 is fixedly connected with a round rod 813, the cleaning brush 7 is fixed on the free end of the round rod 813, and the surfaces of the two supporting plates 89 are fixedly connected with two upper and lower distributed cross bars 814, and the round rod 813 is slidably connected between the two upper and lower distributed cross bars 814.

[0061] By adopting the above solution, the two second cylindrical cams 811 can only rotate in one direction;

[0062] Furthermore, the rotation of the second cylindrical cam 811 can drive the cleaning brush 7 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction.

[0063] The second movable sleeve 812 is fixedly connected to the second round rod 815 on one side away from the first round rod 813, and the free end of the second round rod 815 is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame 816. The opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes 67 extend into the two rectangular frames 816 respectively and are connected to the rectangular frames 816 by sliding up and down.

[0064] By adopting the above solution, the nozzle 5 can move in the horizontal direction to adjust the distance between itself and the ditch 3.

[0065] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0066] Open and adjust the zone temperature control panel 21 to simulate the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restore the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel;

[0067] High-temperature hot water is introduced into the faces of the base model 11 and the tunnel model 12 to simulate underground hot water seepage, and the temperature and humidity sensor 23 is turned on to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the inner wall insulation layer of the ditch 3;

[0068] Then, the introduction of high-temperature hot water at the face is stopped. After the hot water completely flows out of the ditch 3, the motor is started to drive the gear 1 81 to rotate in the opposite direction. The gear 1 81 can drive the gear 2 83 meshing with it to rotate accordingly. The gear 2 83 can drive the annular shaft 82 to rotate accordingly. The annular shaft 82 can drive the ratchet 87 to rotate accordingly through the ratchet 85. The ratchet 87 can drive the first bevel gear 88 coaxially fixed thereto to rotate accordingly. The first bevel gear 88 can drive the second bevel gear 810 meshing therewith to rotate accordingly. The second bevel gear 810 can drive two second cylindrical cams 811 coaxially fixed thereto and symmetrically distributed therewith to rotate accordingly. The second cylindrical cam 811 can drive the second movable sleeve 812 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the two second movable sleeves 812 move in opposite directions. The second movable sleeve 812 can drive the cleaning brush 7 to move accordingly through the round rod 1 813, so that the two cleaning brushes 7 move in opposite directions, so that the cleaning brush 7 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 are in a state of mutual contact.

[0069] Then the cleaning brush 7 follows the storage box 41 and moves along the ditch 3 to clean the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0070] When the cleaning brush 7 is performing a cleaning operation, the storage box 41 is filled with cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the ditch 3 through the spray head 5 to improve the cleaning effect on the ditch 3 .

[0071] When cleaning is completed, the second cylindrical cam 811 is continuously driven to rotate, so that the two second movable sleeves 812 move in opposite directions, and the second movable sleeves 812 drive the cleaning brushes 7 through the round rod 1 813, so that the two cleaning brushes 7 move in opposite directions and away from the inner wall of the gutter 3;

[0072] At the same time, when the second movable sleeve 812 moves in the horizontal direction, it can drive the rectangular frame 816 to move in the horizontal direction through the second round rod 815, and the rectangular frame 816 can drive the rectangular tube 67 slidably connected therein to move accordingly, and the rectangular tube 67 can drive the nozzle 5 installed at one end thereof to move accordingly, so as to adjust the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0073] After the distance between the nozzle 5 and the ditch 3 is adjusted, and the heat-insulating paint is loaded in the storage box 41, the driving gear 1 81 rotates forwardly. At this time, the second cylindrical cam 811 cannot rotate, and the gear 1 81 can drive the first cylindrical cam 62 coaxially fixed therewith to rotate accordingly. The first cylindrical cam 62 can drive the first movable sleeve 63 to reciprocate along the vertical direction. The first movable sleeve 63 can drive the rectangular tube 67 to reciprocate up and down through the U-shaped frame 65 and the rectangular sleeve 66. The rectangular tube 67 can drive the nozzle 5 to reciprocate up and down to spray the heat-insulating paint on the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0074] Finally, the evolution of temperature and humidity field in the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of ditch 3 was monitored.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test device for the effect of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in a tunnel, characterized by: It comprises a base model (11), and a tunnel model (12) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model (11), wherein the upper surface of the base model (11) is provided with two water ditches (3) located in the tunnel model (12) and symmetrically distributed; A storage box (41) is arranged in the ditch (3), and four vertical plates (42) symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box (41), and a circular shaft (43) is rotatably connected between two vertical plates (42) adjacent to each other on the left and right, and both ends of the two circular shafts (43) are sleeved with moving rollers (44), and a track (45) for the moving rollers (44) to move is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model (11); The front side of the storage box (41) is provided with two symmetrically distributed spray heads (5) and a feeding mechanism for driving the spray heads (5) to move up and down; The front side of the storage box (41) is provided with two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes (7) and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes (7) to move in a horizontal direction; The outer wall of the tunnel model (12) is covered with a partitioned temperature control plate (21), and a support rod (22) located inside the tunnel model (12) is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model (11), and a temperature and humidity sensor (23) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support rod (22).

2. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The feeding mechanism comprises a transverse plate (61) fixed on the front surface of the storage box (41), the lower surface of the transverse plate (61) is rotatably connected to a first cylindrical cam (62), the surface of the first cylindrical cam (62) is sleeved with a first movable sleeve (63), the first movable sleeve (63) is fixedly connected with a first sliding block adapted to a groove on the surface of the first cylindrical cam (62), and a limiting rod (64) is vertically fixed on the lower surface of the transverse plate (61) and passes through the first movable sleeve (63) and allows the first movable sleeve (63) to slide up and down.

3. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized by: A U-shaped frame (65) is fixedly connected to one side of the first movable sleeve (63), and rectangular sleeves (66) are integrally fixed to the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame (65). Two rectangular tubes (67) distributed front and back penetrate through the two rectangular sleeves (66), and the rectangular tubes (67) are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves (66).

4. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized by: The two nozzles (5) are respectively fixed on two rectangular tubes (67), and circular tubes (68) communicating with the inside of the two rectangular tubes (67) are fixed on the surface of the two rectangular tubes (67), and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes (68) and the storage box (41).

5. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized by: The adjustment mechanism comprises a gear 1 (81) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate (61) and coaxially fixed to the first cylindrical cam (62), and an annular shaft (82) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate (61), and a gear 2 (83) meshing with the gear 1 (81) is sleeved on the annular shaft (82).

6. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal plate (61) is rotatably connected to a ratchet (87) located in the annular shaft (82); a support seat (84) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular shaft (82); a ratchet (85) is rotatably connected to the support seat (84); the ratchet (85) is meshed with the ratchet (87); a spring (86) is fixedly connected to the ratchet (85); the other end of the spring (86) is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft (82).

7. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first bevel gear (88) coaxially fixed with the ratchet (87) is rotatably connected below the transverse plate (61); two symmetrically distributed supporting plates (89) are vertically fixed on the surface of the storage box (41); a second bevel gear (810) meshing with the first bevel gear (88) is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates (89).

8. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two opposite sides of the two supporting plates (89) are rotatably connected with a second cylindrical cam (811) coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear (810), the two second cylindrical cams (811) are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams (811) are sleeved with a second movable sleeve (812), the second movable sleeve (812) is integrally fixed with a second sliding block adapted to the surface groove of the second cylindrical cam (811), the surface of the second movable sleeve (812) is fixedly connected with a round rod 1 (813), the cleaning brush (7) is fixed to the free end of the round rod 1 (813), and the surfaces of the two supporting plates (89) are fixedly connected with two upper and lower distributed cross bars (814), and the round rod 1 (813) is slidably connected between the two upper and lower distributed cross bars (814).

9. The test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second movable sleeve (812) is fixedly connected to the second round rod (815) on the side away from the first round rod (813), and the free end of the second round rod (815) is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame (816). The opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes (67) extend into the two rectangular frames (816) respectively and are connected to the rectangular frames (816) in an up-and-down sliding manner.

10. A method for using the test device for the effect of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, opening and adjusting the zone temperature control panel (21), simulating the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restoring the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel; S2, introducing high-temperature hot water at the faces of the base model (11) and the tunnel model (12) to simulate underground hot water seepage, turning on the temperature and humidity sensor (23) to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the inner wall insulation layer of the ditch (3); S3, stop introducing high-temperature hot water at the face, wait until the hot water completely flows out of the ditch (3), start the motor to drive the gear 1 (81) to rotate in the opposite direction, drive the two cleaning brushes (7) to move in opposite directions, so that the cleaning brushes (7) and the inner wall of the ditch (3) are in a state of mutual contact, and then the cleaning brushes (7) follow the storage box (41) to move along the ditch (3) to clean the inner wall of the ditch (3); S4, the heat-insulating coating is loaded into the storage box (41), and the driving gear 1 (81) rotates in the positive direction, driving the spray head (5) to move up and down, spraying the heat-insulating coating onto the inner wall of the ditch (3); S5. Finally, monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of the ditch (3).

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