Circuit breaker phase selection device and method based on multi-source sensing

Abstract

Disclosed are a circuit breaker phase selection device and method based on multi-source sensing. In the device, the output end of a power supply system is connected to the input end of a general sensor interface, a signal processing circuit A, a signal processing circuit B, an analog-to-digital converter, a ZYNQ controller and a digital isolator, respectively; the output end of the general sensor interface is connected to the input end of the ZYNQ controller; the output end of a voltage transformer interface and a current transformer interface is connected to the input end of the signal processing circuit A; the output end of the signal processing circuit A is connected to the input end of the analog-to-digital converter; the output end of a control voltage measurement interface is connected to the input end of the signal processing circuit B; the output end of the signal processing circuit B is connected to the input end of the analog-to-digital converter; the output end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the input end of the ZYNQ controller; the input end of the digital isolator is connected to the output end of a command input module and the ZYNQ controller, respectively; and the ZYNQ controller is connected to an SD card and a network port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker closing phase control technology, and in particular to a circuit breaker phase selection device and method based on multi-source sensing. Background Technology

[0002] A phase-selective closing controller is an intelligent control device used for circuit breaker closing phase control. It can select the phase with the least transient impact to complete the switch closing operation for different users, reducing inrush current impact or transient overvoltage during the closing process and improving the service life of electrical components. Currently, there are many phase-selective devices on the market, but most have limited sensor types and numbers, inconsistent interfaces, and poor versatility. Many factors affect the opening and closing time of a circuit breaker. Among them, coil current directly affects the mechanism's operating speed; external factors such as ambient temperature, air chamber pressure, mechanism oil pressure, spring pressure, and control voltage can affect the circuit breaker's opening and closing time, causing the circuit breaker to fail to open or close at the preset optimal phase point; and the secondary side signal of the voltage / current transformer is a crucial basis for whether the circuit breaker should open or close.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings or defects of the existing technology, a circuit breaker phase selection device and method based on multi-source sensing is provided. This method enables the access and acquisition of multiple sensors, adopts a unified electrical and communication interface, has strong versatility, and improves the accuracy of circuit breaker opening and closing time verification.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A circuit breaker phase selection device includes a power supply system, a voltage transformer interface, a current transformer interface, and a control voltage measurement interface. The output of the power supply system is connected to the input of a general-purpose sensor interface, a signal processing circuit A, a signal processing circuit B, an analog-to-digital converter, a ZYNQ controller, and a digital isolator. The output of the general-purpose sensor interface is connected to the input of the ZYNQ controller.

[0007] The output terminals of the voltage transformer interface and the current transformer interface are connected to the input terminals of the signal processing circuit A, and the output terminal of the processing circuit A is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0008] The output terminal of the control voltage measurement interface is connected to the input terminal of the signal processing circuit B, and the output terminal of the signal processing circuit B is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0009] The output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the input of the ZYNQ controller;

[0010] The input terminals of the digital isolator are connected to the command input module and the output terminal of the ZYNQ controller, respectively; the output terminals of the digital isolator are connected to the command output module and the input terminal of the ZYNQ controller, respectively.

[0011] The ZYNQ controller connects to the SD card and the network port.

[0012] In the circuit breaker phase selection device described above, the universal sensor interface includes an SF12-4 aviation socket for connecting six sensor signals: a coil current sensor, a travel sensor, a temperature sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, and a spring pressure sensor.

[0013] In the circuit breaker phase selection device described above, the communication interface between the general sensor interface and the ZYNQ controller is RS485, and the communication protocol is MODBUS-RTU.

[0014] In the circuit breaker phase selection device, the voltage transformer interface, current transformer interface and control voltage measurement interface all include SF10 aviation sockets that are respectively connected to the three-phase voltage signal, the three-phase current signal and the control voltage signal.

[0015] In the circuit breaker phase selection device described above, the signal processing circuit A includes an isolation amplifier and a precision operational amplifier.

[0016] In the circuit breaker phase selection device, the signal processing circuit B includes a voltage divider resistor that reduces the input signal to 5V, an isolation amplifier connected to the voltage divider resistor, and a precision operational amplifier.

[0017] In the circuit breaker phase selection device, the command input module divides the input command signal using diodes and converts it into a logic level signal using optocouplers.

[0018] In the circuit breaker phase selection device, the command output module converts the logic level signal into a 24V voltage signal through an optocoupler, and then controls the solid-state relay through the 24V voltage signal to output a 220V phase selection control command.

[0019] In the circuit breaker phase selection device, the power supply system, signal processing circuit A, signal processing circuit B, digital-to-analog converter, ZYNQ controller, digital isolator, SD card and network port are all mounted on a circuit board. The circuit board has interfaces that are connected to coil current sensor, stroke sensor, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor, spring pressure sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, control voltage signal, command output module and command input module.

[0020] The arrangement methods of the circuit breaker phase selection device include,

[0021] Connect and install the circuit breaker phase selection device;

[0022] The circuit breaker phase selection device is equipped with electromagnetic compatibility protection. Specifically, an RC absorber is installed inside the circuit breaker to suppress high-frequency surge voltage; a freewheeling diode is added to the relay coil to reduce transient interference during switching; filters and damping circuits are added to the electromagnet equipment to reduce harmonics and high-frequency interference during operation; an AC power filter is added to the power supply end to block differential-mode and common-mode interference on the power line; magnetic rings and common-mode chokes are used at the signal line input end to reduce conducted interference; shielded cables and grounding are used for cables outside the control cabinet to reduce spatial coupling effects; a shielding cover is installed around the circuit breaker phase selection device to isolate strong electromagnetic radiation interference; an isolation transformer or opto-isolation module is added to the communication interface to avoid interference coupling from ground loops; and common-mode inductors and electrostatic discharge protectors are introduced for sensor input signals to shield high-frequency interference.

[0023] The circuit breaker phase selection device is used for signal triggering, acquisition, storage and transmission.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] This invention provides a stable circuit breaker phase selection device that performs multi-dimensional sampling of circuit breaker signals using a coil current sensor, travel sensor, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor, spring pressure sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and control voltage measuring device. The device receives digital signals from the sensors through a universal sensor interface; the transformer signals and control voltage signals are converted into digital signals via an analog-to-digital converter. The ZYNQ controller receives these digital signals at the PL terminal. The increased variety and number of sensors that can be connected to the device improves the accuracy of circuit breaker opening and closing time verification. The unified and reusable interfaces of various sensors further enhance the variety and number of sensors that can be connected, standardize the electrical and communication interfaces between sensors and the device, improve the device's versatility, and facilitate subsequent maintenance and upgrades.

[0026] The description provided is merely an overview of the technical solution of this invention. In order to make the technical means of this invention clearer and more understandable, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the described and other objects, features and advantages of this invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the device shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating electromagnetic protection of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an RC snubber circuit diagram shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a grounding scheme shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Wherein: 10-Power supply system; 11-General sensor interface; 12-Voltage transformer interface; 13-Current transformer interface; 14-Control voltage measurement interface; 15-Signal processing circuit A; 16-Signal processing circuit B; 17-Analog-to-digital converter; 18-ZYNQ controller; 19-Digital isolator; 110-SD card; 111-Network port; 112-Command input module; 113-Command output module.

[0035] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0037] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will provide further explanation and description with reference to the accompanying drawings and several specific embodiments, and the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] To better understand, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a circuit breaker phase selection device includes a power supply system 10, a voltage transformer interface 12, a current transformer interface 13, and a control voltage measurement interface 14. The output terminal of the power supply system is connected to the input terminals of a universal sensor interface 11, a signal processing circuit A15, a signal processing circuit B16, an analog-to-digital converter 17, a ZYNQ controller 18, and a digital isolator 19, respectively. The output terminal of the universal sensor interface 11 is connected to the input terminal of the ZYNQ controller 18.

[0040] The output terminals of the voltage transformer interface and the current transformer interface are connected to the input terminals of the signal processing circuit A15, and the output terminal of the processing circuit A15 is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 17.

[0041] The output terminal of the control voltage measurement interface 14 is connected to the input terminal of the signal processing circuit B16, and the output terminal of the signal processing circuit B16 is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 17.

[0042] The output of the analog-to-digital converter 17 is connected to the input of the ZYNQ controller 18;

[0043] The input terminals of the digital isolator 19 are respectively connected to the command input module 112 and the output terminal of the ZYNQ controller 18; the output terminals of the digital isolator 19 are respectively connected to the command output module 113 and the input terminal of the ZYNQ controller 18.

[0044] The ZYNQ controller 18 is connected to the SD card 110 and the network port 111.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the universal sensor interface 11 includes an SF12-4 aviation socket for connecting six sensor signals: a coil current sensor, a travel sensor, a temperature sensor, a bar pressure sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, and a spring pressure sensor.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the communication interface between the general sensor interface 11 and the ZYNQ controller 18 is RS485, and the communication protocol is MODBUS-RTU.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the voltage transformer interface 12, the current transformer interface 13, and the control voltage measurement interface 14 all include SF10 aviation sockets that are respectively connected to the three-phase voltage signal, the three-phase current signal, and the control voltage signal.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the signal processing circuit A15 includes an isolation amplifier and a precision operational amplifier.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the signal processing circuit B16 includes a voltage divider resistor that reduces the input signal to 5V, an isolation amplifier connected to the voltage divider resistor, and a precision operational amplifier.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the command input module 112 divides the input command signal using diodes and converts it into a logic level signal using optocouplers.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the command output module 113 converts the logic level signal into a 24V voltage signal through an optocoupler, and then controls the solid-state relay through the 24V voltage signal to output a 220V phase selection control command.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, the power supply system 10, signal processing circuit A15, signal processing circuit B16, digital-to-analog converter 17, ZYNQ controller 18, digital isolator 19, SD card 110, and network port 111 are all mounted on a circuit board. The circuit board has interfaces corresponding to and connected to coil current sensor, stroke sensor, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor, spring pressure sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, control voltage signal, command output module 113, and command input module 112.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker phase selection device, an electromagnetic interference protector and a vibration damping component are also included.

[0054] The arrangement methods for circuit breaker phase selection devices include:

[0055] Connect and install the circuit breaker phase selection device;

[0056] The circuit breaker phase selection device is equipped with electromagnetic compatibility protection. Specifically, an RC absorber is installed inside the circuit breaker to suppress high-frequency surge voltage; a freewheeling diode is added to the relay coil to reduce transient interference during switching; filters and damping circuits are added to the electromagnet equipment to reduce harmonics and high-frequency interference during operation; an AC power filter is added to the power supply end to block differential-mode and common-mode interference on the power line; magnetic rings and common-mode chokes are used at the signal line input end to reduce conducted interference; shielded cables and grounding are used for cables outside the control cabinet to reduce spatial coupling effects; a shielding cover is installed around the circuit breaker phase selection device to isolate strong electromagnetic radiation interference; an isolation transformer or opto-isolation module is added to the communication interface to avoid interference coupling from ground loops; and common-mode inductors and electrostatic discharge protectors are introduced for sensor input signals to shield high-frequency interference.

[0057] The circuit breaker phase selection device is used for signal triggering, acquisition, storage and transmission.

[0058] In one embodiment, see Figure 1This invention discloses a circuit breaker phase selection device, comprising a power supply system 10; a universal sensor interface 11; a voltage transformer interface 12; a current transformer interface 13; a control voltage measurement interface 14; a signal processing circuit A 15; a signal processing circuit B 16; an analog-to-digital converter 17; a ZYNQ controller 18; a digital isolator 19; an SD card 110; a network port 111; a command input module 112; and a command output module 113. The output terminals of the power supply system 10 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the general-purpose sensor interface 11, signal processing circuit A15, signal processing circuit B16, analog-to-digital converter 17, ZYNQ controller 18, and digital isolator 19; the output terminal of the general-purpose sensor interface 11 is connected to the input terminal of the ZYNQ controller 18; it includes a voltage transformer interface 12 and a current transformer interface 13, the output terminals of which are connected to the input terminals of the signal processing circuit A15; the output terminal of the signal processing circuit A15 is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 17; it includes a control voltage measurement... The output of the control voltage measurement interface 14 is connected to the input of the signal processing circuit B16; the output of the signal processing circuit B16 is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter 17; the output of the analog-to-digital converter 17 is connected to the input of the ZYNQ controller 18; the input of the digital isolator 19 is connected to the output of the command input module 112 and the ZYNQ controller 18 respectively; the output of the digital isolator 19 is connected to the command output module 113 and the input of the ZYNQ controller 18 respectively; the ZYNQ controller 18 is connected to the SD card 110 and the network port 111.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the power supply system 10, signal processing circuit A15, signal processing circuit B16, digital-to-analog converter 17, ZYNQ controller 18, digital isolator 19, SD card 110, and network port 111 are all mounted on a circuit board; the circuit board has six universal sensor interfaces, each including a voltage interface and a digital signal interface. The voltage interfaces include a +5V voltage interface and a -5V voltage interface, used to connect to the power supply system 10; the digital signal interfaces are respectively connected to the digital signals corresponding to the coil current sensor, stroke sensor, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor, and spring pressure sensor, and transmit them to the ZYNQ controller 18.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a voltage transformer interface 12 and a current transformer interface 13 are also provided on the circuit board, which respectively include a three-phase voltage signal interface and a three-phase current signal interface. The three-phase voltage transformer signal and the three-phase current transformer signal are respectively connected to the signal processing circuit A15 through the voltage signal interface and the current signal interface.

[0061] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the signal processing circuit A15 includes an isolation amplifier and a precision operational amplifier.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a control voltage measurement interface 14 is also provided on the circuit board for connecting the control voltage signal and the signal processing circuit B16.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the signal processing circuit B16 reduces the input signal to 5V through a voltage divider resistor, and then passes it through an isolation amplifier and a precision operational amplifier.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the ZYNQ controller 18 is connected to the command input module 112 and the command output module 113 through the digital isolator 19 to isolate digital signals.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the command input module 112 divides the command signal using diodes and converts it into a logic level signal using optocouplers.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the command output module 113 converts the logic level signal into a 24V voltage signal through an optocoupler, and then uses this signal to control the solid-state relay to output a 220V phase selection control command.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the power supply system 10 consists of a multi-stage DC-DC power supply module with an input of 9-18V DC voltage and an output of ±5V DC voltage. The output voltage to the general sensor interface 11 is +5V and -5V, and the output voltage to the signal processing circuit A15, signal processing circuit B16, analog-to-digital converter 17, ZYNQ controller 18, and digital isolator 19 is all +5V.

[0068] Specific applications of the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments of this invention:

[0069] Install the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0070] The device implements electromagnetic compatibility protection, setting up electromagnetic protection to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic noise in space and cut off the propagation path of radiated electromagnetic noise.

[0071] Signal triggering, acquisition, storage and transmission.

[0072] To address the potential electromagnetic interference (EMC) affecting intelligent phase selection devices in circuit breakers, a systematic EMC protection scheme is proposed, taking into account the characteristics of the intelligent phase selection device and sensor connections. Further measures include suppressing interference sources, cutting off interference coupling paths, protecting sensitive ports, adding EMC protectors at critical locations, optimizing PCB design, and implementing vibration reduction measures to ensure stable operation of the device under different scenarios and voltage levels.

[0073] Furthermore, for installing the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Each sensor's data is connected to its corresponding STM32F103ZET6 processing module via an SF12-4 aviation connector. This processing module converts the analog signals transmitted by the sensors into digital signals, and then connects them to the corresponding general sensor interface in the intelligent phase selection device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention via an RS485 communication interface. The voltage transformer interface, current transformer interface, and control voltage measurement interface are connected to the voltage transformer, current transformer, and control voltage respectively via an SF10 aviation connector. The command input interface and command output interface are connected to the opening and closing command input circuit and the opening and closing coil respectively.

[0074] Furthermore, in providing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection for the device, the first priority is to suppress interference sources as much as possible. The core objective of this solution is to ensure the high efficiency and stability of the circuit breaker's intelligent phase selection device in terms of EMC by identifying and suppressing potential interference sources. Depending on the specific application scenario of the sensor, it is first necessary to identify potential interference sources, such as high-frequency pulse interference, arc discharge, transient overvoltages generated during switching operations, and radio frequency interference. The amplitude, mode, and frequency distribution of these interference sources are confirmed through field testing and spectrum analysis to comprehensively assess their impact. Through testing and analysis of various potential interference sources, an EMC protection scheme for suppressing interference sources is derived. See [link to relevant documentation] Figure 4 Installing an RC absorber inside the circuit breaker can suppress the generation of high-frequency surge voltage; adding a freewheeling diode to the relay coil can reduce transient interference during switching operations; adding filters and damping circuits to electromagnet equipment can reduce harmonics and high-frequency interference during operation. Secondly, cutting off the coupling path between the interference source and the phase selection device is crucial in the electromagnetic compatibility protection design of the circuit breaker's phase selection device. Interference signals enter the control system through different paths and can significantly impact the normal operation of the system. Therefore, this solution first identifies the ways in which interference is transmitted to the phase selection device through power lines, signal lines, and grounding loops based on theoretical analysis and literature review, and proposes specific blocking strategies based on these coupling paths to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of the system. This includes installing an AC power filter at the power supply end to block differential-mode and common-mode interference on the power lines; using magnetic rings and common-mode chokes at the signal line input end to reduce conducted interference; using shielded cables and proper grounding for cables outside the control cabinet to reduce spatial coupling effects; and installing shielding covers around the equipment to effectively isolate strong electromagnetic radiation interference.

[0075] refer to Figure 5Based on the spatial layout characteristics of the sensor, either series single-point grounding or parallel multi-point grounding can be used. Specific installation principles are as follows: For equipment installed far from the operating mechanism and with a large primary current, series grounding should be used; while for equipment close to the primary conductor, parallel grounding should be used to avoid the influence of ground potential rise. Grounding points 1, 2, and 3 shown in the figure are the key points for connecting the protective casing to the internal ground potential.

[0076] Furthermore, isolating and protecting sensitive ports is crucial in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection design of intelligent phase selection devices for circuit breakers. These sensitive ports are critical components susceptible to external interference, which could lead to control system malfunctions, data loss, or equipment failure. To effectively protect these sensitive ports, a series of isolation and protection measures are needed to cut off the coupling path of interference sources, ensuring reliable signal transmission and stable system operation. Based on the signal reception and response characteristics of different interfaces, isolation transformers or opto-isolation modules are added to the communication interfaces to prevent interference coupling from forming in the ground loop. Common-mode inductors and electrostatic discharge protectors are introduced for sensor input signals to shield against high-frequency interference.

[0077] Furthermore, electromagnetic interference protection is added to critical locations: The following protective measures are implemented at key nodes of the control device: LC filters and shielded grounding layers are configured at the circuit board input / output terminals; metal isolation shields are installed between modules to prevent mutual interference of internal high-frequency signals. Leakage current can be suppressed by increasing the insulation resistance of the circuit board surface or by guiding leakage current to other circuits before it enters the signal input pins. Specific measures include the use of guard rings and PTFE terminal blocks.

[0078] In leakage current prevention technology, the guard ring is designed to have the same potential as the signal input terminal, ensuring that leakage current entering the amplifier input pin remains minimal regardless of changes in the external environment. The guard ring has a hemispherical structure and covers the outside of the input terminal, which connects to the sensor's analog output signal line. Maintaining the guard ring at the same potential as the input terminal effectively diverts leakage current to other circuits. Furthermore, the connection between the input terminal and the printed circuit board is insulated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This design significantly improves the insulation resistance of the circuit board surface, further reducing leakage current generation and interference.

[0079] Furthermore, optimizing the routing in the PCB design enhances its electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity. A systematic design approach is employed to strengthen the EMI immunity of the PCB for this device. The following key principles are followed in the PCB design:

[0080] (a) Allocate separate regions for the power layer and ground layer to effectively reduce common-mode interference and reduce point source impedance;

[0081] (b) Try to make the power plane and the ground plane as close as possible, and usually place the ground plane above the power plane;

[0082] (c) Distribute digital and analog circuits reasonably in different layers to reduce mutual interference;

[0083] (d) The wiring layer should preferably be adjacent to a solid metal plane to improve interference immunity;

[0084] (e) Implement separate layouts and treatments for major sources of interference, such as clock circuits and high-frequency circuits.

[0085] The following principles should be followed in PCB layout design:

[0086] (a) Arrange functional modules reasonably according to the transmission path of circuit signals to ensure that the signal flow direction remains consistent;

[0087] (b) Centering on the core component of each functional module, other related components are arranged around the core component;

[0088] (c) Minimize the length of the connections between high-frequency components to reduce the impact of their distributed capacitance and inductance;

[0089] (d) Components susceptible to interference should be kept at appropriate intervals, and input and output components should be arranged separately to avoid interference;

[0090] (e) Isolate power lines, high-frequency signal lines and other lines to prevent undesirable coupling between them.

[0091] The following basic principles should be followed in PCB routing design:

[0092] (a) Try to avoid long parallel routing of input and output traces; to reduce crosstalk between parallel traces, the spacing can be increased appropriately, or a ground wire can be inserted between them;

[0093] (b) Ensure that the conductor width of the circuit board remains uniform and avoid abrupt changes; use rounded or 135-degree angle designs for corners as much as possible to maintain the impedance continuity of the circuit.

[0094] (c) For high-frequency circuits, special attention should be paid to the proper distribution of power lines and ground lines to reduce interference;

[0095] (d) Minimize the area of ​​the conductor loop, because the radiation intensity of the loop is proportional to the current flowing through it, the loop area, and the signal frequency;

[0096] (e) In the design of circuit board plugs, more distributed ground input pins are set, which helps to reduce the area of ​​plug wiring loops and reduce ground impedance.

[0097] (f) Shorten the conductor length and increase the conductor width to effectively reduce the impedance of the line and improve the performance of the circuit.

[0098] Finally, vibration damping measures are implemented: Vibration interference protection is equally crucial in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection design of intelligent phase selection devices for circuit breakers. Mechanical vibrations in the environment can affect the performance of sensitive components, especially sensors, connectors, and electrical connections, leading to signal errors, poor contact, or equipment malfunctions. Vibration dampers, such as rubber damping pads or spring damping devices, should be installed on the bottom or supporting structure of the equipment. These dampers effectively absorb and mitigate mechanical vibrations generated during equipment operation, preventing vibration transmission to sensitive electronic components. Damping pads should be used at internal mechanical connection points, especially in sensor and connector mounting areas, to reduce the impact of vibration on connectors. Damping pads absorb mechanical vibration and impact energy, reducing the impact of vibration on electrical connectors, thereby improving contact reliability and stability. Vibration-resistant connectors and robust mounting brackets should be used to ensure the long-term mechanical stability of the device.

[0099] In a specific embodiment, this system can be sampled and triggered through all analog channels. The sampled data can be traced back to 10,000 sampling points before the starting point. The buffer space has 2MB of space. After sampling is completed, the data can be uploaded through the communication interface.

[0100] The embodiments of this invention are mainly used in scenarios with phase selection control function. This invention has the function of real-time sensing of ambient temperature, control voltage, oil pressure, spring pressure and other states, and can respond to the operating characteristics of circuit breakers in real time. The sensor interface is unified and reusable. It adopts an electromagnetic compatibility protection scheme that can adapt to different scenarios and voltage levels, and can effectively shield the complex electromagnetic environment in high voltage fields.

[0101] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0102] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A phase selection device for a circuit breaker, characterized in that It includes power supply system (10), voltage transformer interface (12), current transformer interface (13) and control voltage measurement interface (14), the output of the power supply system is connected with the input of general sensor interface (11), signal processing circuit A (15), signal processing circuit B (16), analog-digital converter (17), ZYNQ controller (18) and digital isolator (19) respectively, the output of the general sensor interface (11) is connected with the input of ZYNQ controller (18); The output of voltage transformer interface and current transformer interface is connected with the input of signal processing circuit A (15), the output of the processing circuit A (15) is connected with the input of analog-digital converter (17); The output of control voltage measurement interface (14) is connected with the input of signal processing circuit B (16), the output of the signal processing circuit B (16) is connected with the input of analog-digital converter (17); The output of the analog-digital converter (17) is connected with the input of ZYNQ controller (18); The input of the digital isolator (19) is connected with the output of command input module (112) and ZYNQ controller (18) respectively; the output of the digital isolator (19) is connected with the input of command output module (113) and ZYNQ controller (18) respectively; The ZYNQ controller (18) is connected with SD card (110) and network port (111). Wherein, the general sensor interface (11) includes SF12-4 aviation socket for connecting 6-way sensor signals of coil current sensor, travel sensor, temperature sensor, air pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor and spring pressure sensor.

2. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein The communication interface between the general sensor interface (11) and ZYNQ controller (18) is RS485, and the communication protocol is MODBUS-RTU.

3. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as defined in claim 1, wherein The voltage transformer interface (12), current transformer interface (13) and control voltage measurement interface (14) all include SF10 aviation socket connected with three-phase voltage signal, three-phase current signal and control voltage signal respectively.

4. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as defined in claim 1, wherein The signal processing circuit A (15) includes isolated amplifier and precision operational amplifier.

5. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as defined in claim 1, wherein The signal processing circuit B (16) includes voltage division resistor for reducing input signal to 5V, isolated amplifier connected with voltage division resistor and precision operational amplifier.

6. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The command input module (112) divides the input command signal through diode, and converts it into logic level signal through optocoupler element.

7. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The command output module (113) converts logic level signal into 24V voltage signal through optocoupler element, and then controls solid state relay to realize 220V phase selection control command output.

8. A phase selector for a circuit breaker as defined in claim 1, wherein The power supply system (10), the signal processing circuit A (15), the signal processing circuit B (16), the digital-to-analog converter (17), the ZYNQ controller (18), the digital isolator (19), the SD card (110) and the network port (111) are all arranged on a circuit board, and the circuit board is provided with interfaces corresponding to the coil current sensor, the stroke sensor, the temperature sensor, the air pressure sensor, the oil pressure sensor, the spring pressure sensor, the voltage transformer, the current transformer, the control voltage signal, the command output module (113) and the command input module (112).

9. A method of arranging a phase selection device for a circuit breaker according to any of claims 1-8.

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