Electronic device

Abstract

There is provided an electronic device including: a display layer; a sensor layer disposed on the display layer and in which a sensing area including a first area and a second area surrounding the first area is defined; and a sensor driving unit configured to drive the sensor layer. The sensor driving unit includes a coordinate calculation section configured to calculate coordinates based on a sensing signal of the sensing input device and receive a first look-up table in which set coordinates according to a first signal value are defined, the coordinate calculation section being driven differently on a first region and a second region to sense the coordinates, and receiving a second look-up table in which set coordinates according to the second signal value are defined. And a coordinate calculation section configured to calculate coordinates of the input device on the second region based on the first peak value of the sensing signal and the first look-up table.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0155300 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on November 10, 2023, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0195369 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on December 28, 2023, the entire contents of each of these Korean patent applications are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure herein relate to an electronic device and a method for driving the electronic device. Background Art

[0004] Multimedia electronic devices such as televisions, mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, navigators, game consoles, etc. include display panels for displaying images. Such electronic devices may also include a sensor layer (or input sensor) that can provide a touch-based input mechanism that allows users to relatively easily and conveniently input information or instructions intuitively and conveniently, in addition to alternative input mechanisms such as buttons, keyboards, and mice. The sensor layer can sense the user's touch or pressure. For users who are familiar with using writing tools for information input or specific applications (e.g., applications for sketching or drawing), consumer demand for the use of pens for fine touch input is increasing.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background and therefore the information discussed in this Background section does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure herein relate to an electronic device having relatively improved coordinate reliability and a method for driving the electronic device.

[0007] Aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure include an electronic device having relatively improved coordinate reliability and a method for driving the electronic device.

[0008] Aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure include an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a display layer; a sensor layer, a sensing area on the display layer and including a first area and a second area surrounding the first area being defined in the sensor layer; and a sensor driving unit configured to drive the sensor layer, wherein the sensor driving unit includes a coordinate calculation unit, the coordinate calculation unit being configured to calculate coordinates based on a sensing signal of a sensing input device and receiving a first query table, the first query table defining set coordinates according to a first signal value, the coordinate calculation unit being driven differently on the first area and the second area to sense the coordinates, and the coordinate calculation unit being configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device on the second area based on a first peak value of the sensing signal and the first query table.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the first signal value may correspond to a first peak value.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the first signal value may correspond to a value obtained by multiplying the first peak value by a predetermined weight.

[0011] According to some embodiments, as the first signal value increases, the set coordinate may increase.

[0012] According to some embodiments, when there is no first signal value corresponding to the first peak in the first lookup table, the coordinate calculation unit may be configured to interpolate the set coordinates using adjacent first signal values ​​in order to calculate the coordinates.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the coordinate calculation unit may be configured to calculate the coordinates of a first peak of the sensing signal on the first area as the coordinates of the input device.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the sensing signal may be generated based on a differential signal that is differentially sensed using channels of the sensor layer that are adjacent to each other or channels that are spaced apart from each other based on a current induced from an input device.

[0015] According to some embodiments, a sensing signal may be generated based on a signal received based on a current induced from the input device, and the coordinate calculation part may be configured to calculate the coordinates based on a zero-crossing value of the sensing signal on the first area.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the sensor driving unit may further include a first memory, and the first lookup table may be stored in the first memory.

[0017] According to some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a main driver configured to drive the sensor driving unit and including a second memory, wherein the first lookup table may be stored in the second memory.

[0018] According to some embodiments, a plurality of sensing cells may be defined in the sensor layer, and each of the plurality of sensing cells may have a first width in a first direction and a second width in a second direction crossing the first direction.

[0019] According to some embodiments, the first width may be the same as the second width.

[0020] According to some embodiments, a region width of the second region extending in the first direction may be proportional to the first width.

[0021] According to some embodiments, each of the plurality of sensing units may include: a first electrode extending in the second direction; a second electrode extending in the first direction; a first auxiliary electrode extending in the second direction and adjacent to the first electrode; and a second auxiliary electrode extending in the first direction and adjacent to the second electrode.

[0022] According to some embodiments, the first auxiliary electrode of each of the plurality of sensing cells may be electrically connected to the ground or to the first auxiliary electrode of another sensing cell.

[0023] According to some embodiments, when viewed on a plane, the first auxiliary electrode may overlap the first electrode, and the second auxiliary electrode may overlap the second electrode.

[0024] According to some embodiments, the first peak may be a maximum value of the sensing signal sensed on the second area.

[0025] According to some embodiments, the coordinate calculation unit can be configured to also receive a second query table different from the first query table, the coordinate calculation unit can be configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device by further considering the second peak of the sensing signal and the second query table on the second area, and the second query table can be defined with set coordinates based on the second signal value.

[0026] According to some embodiments, as the second signal value decreases, the set coordinate may increase.

[0027] According to some embodiments, the second signal value may correspond to a second peak value.

[0028] According to some embodiments, the second signal value may correspond to a value obtained by multiplying the second peak value by a predetermined weight.

[0029] According to some embodiments, the coordinate calculation unit can be configured to also receive a third query table that is different from each of the first query table and the second query table, the coordinate calculation unit can be configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device by further considering the first peak, the second peak and the third query table of the sensing signal on the second area, and the third query table can be defined with set coordinates based on a third signal value, and the third signal value is proportional to the four arithmetic operations between the first peak and the second peak.

[0030] According to some embodiments, the third signal value may correspond to a value obtained by adding the first peak value and the second peak value.

[0031] According to some embodiments, the third signal value may correspond to a value obtained by adding the first peak value and the second peak value and multiplying by a predetermined weight.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for driving an electronic device (wherein the electronic device includes a display layer, a sensor layer on the display layer and wherein a sensing area including a first area and a second area surrounding the first area is defined, and a sensor driving unit configured to drive the sensor layer) includes: sensing coordinates on the first area based on a sensing signal sensed by an input device by the sensor driving unit; and sensing coordinates on the second area by driving the sensor driving unit differently from driving the sensor driving unit on the first area, wherein sensing the coordinates on the second area includes calculating the coordinates of the input device based on a first peak value of the sensing signal and a first lookup table, wherein the first lookup table defines set coordinates according to a first signal value.

[0033] According to some embodiments, the first signal value may correspond to a first peak value, and as the first signal value increases, the set coordinate may increase.

[0034] According to some embodiments, sensing the coordinates on the first area may include calculating the coordinates of a first peak of the sensing signal as the coordinates of the input device.

[0035] According to some embodiments, the sensing signal may be generated based on a differential signal obtained by differentially sensing a signal received based on a current induced from an input device.

[0036] According to some embodiments, sensing the coordinates on the second area may further include calculating the coordinates of the input device by further considering a second peak value different from the first peak value of the sensing signal and a second lookup table defining set coordinates according to the second signal value.

[0037] According to some embodiments, the second signal value may correspond to a second peak value, and as the second signal value decreases, the set coordinate may increase.

[0038] According to some embodiments, sensing the coordinates on the second area may further include calculating the coordinates of the input device by further considering the first and second peak values ​​of the sensing signal and a third lookup table different from each of the first and second lookup tables.

[0039] According to some embodiments, the third lookup table may define set coordinates according to a third signal value, and the third signal value is proportional to a four-arithmetic operation between the first peak value and the second peak value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the inventive concept and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the inventive concept. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 2A is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 2B is a rear perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 3 is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Fig. 9 is a plan view of a sensor layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Fig.10 is a plan view of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0052] Fig.11A is a plan view showing a first conductive layer of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig. 11B is a plan view showing a second conductive layer of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0054] Fig.12 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig.11A and Fig. 11B A cross-sectional view of the sensor layer taken along line II' in each of the figures;

[0055] Fig.13A yes Fig.11A An enlarged plan view of area AA';

[0056] Fig. 13B yes Fig. 11B An enlarged plan view of area BB';

[0057] Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0058] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0059] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B is a diagram for explaining a first mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0060] Fig.17 is a diagram for explaining a first mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0061] Fig.18 is a diagram for explaining a second mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0062] Fig.19A is a diagram for explaining a second mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0063] Fig.19B is a diagram for explaining a second mode based on a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0064] Fig. 20 is a block diagram of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0065] Fig.21 is a diagram of a sensor layer for explaining an operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0066] Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the intensity and direction of an induced current generated in a pen and a first electrode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0067] Fig.23A is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of sensed signals obtained from a pair of differential channels according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0068] Fig. 23B is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of current obtained from a channel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0069] Fig.24 is a diagram showing the intensity and direction of an induced current generated between a pen and a first electrode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0070] Fig.25 is a graph for explaining a method for measuring a tilt angle and an azimuth angle of a pen according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0071] Fig.26 is a diagram of a sensor layer for explaining an operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0072] Fig. 27 is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of sensed signals obtained from a pair of differential channels according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0073] Fig.28A is a diagram of a first lookup table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0074] Fig.28B is a diagram of a second lookup table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0075] Fig.28C is a diagram of a lookup table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0076] Fig.28D is a diagram of a lookup table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0077] Fig.29 is a graph showing coordinate values ​​based on the position of a pen according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0078] Fig.30 is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of sensed signals obtained from a channel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] In this specification, it will also be understood that when a component (or region, layer, portion) is referred to as being "on," "connected to" or "coupled to" another component, it can be directly on / directly connected to / directly coupled to the other component, or there may be a third component in between.

[0080] The same reference numerals always represent the same elements. In addition, in the drawings, the thickness, proportion and size of the components are exaggerated for clarity of description. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related elements.

[0081] It will be understood that although terms such as "first" and "second" are used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from other components. For example, a first element referred to as a first element in an embodiment may be referred to as a second element in another embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Unless otherwise stated, terms in the singular may include plural forms.

[0082] In addition, “under”, “below”, “over”, “upper”, etc. are used to explain the relationship between elements shown in the drawings. Terms may be relative concepts and described based on the directions shown in the drawings.

[0083] The meaning of “include” or “comprising” specifies a property, a fixed number, a process, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof, but does not exclude other properties, fixed numbers, processes, operations, elements, components or a combination thereof.

[0084] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this article have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the inventive concept belongs. In addition, terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and unless clearly defined here, they are not interpreted in an overly idealized or overly formalized meaning.

[0085] Hereinafter, aspects of some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0087] refer to Figure 1, the electronic device 1000 may output various information through the display panel DP within the operating system. When the main driver 1000C runs an application stored in the memory 1300, the display panel DP may provide application information to the user through the display layer 100. The main driver 1000C may be referred to as a host processor.

[0088] The main driver 1000C may obtain external input through the input module 1400 and run an application corresponding to the external input. For example, when the user selects a camera icon displayed on the display layer 100, the main driver 1000C may obtain user input through the sensor layer 200 and the sensor driving unit 200C, and the camera module 1710 may be activated. The main driver 1000C may transmit image data corresponding to a captured image obtained through the camera module 1710 to the display panel DP. The display panel DP may display an image corresponding to the captured image through the display layer 100.

[0089] As another example, when personal information authentication is performed on the display panel DP, the fingerprint sensor 1610 may obtain input fingerprint information as input information. The main driver 1000C may compare the input data obtained by the fingerprint sensor 1610 with the authentication data stored in the memory 1300 to run the application according to the comparison result. The display panel DP may display information according to the logic operation of the application through the display layer 100.

[0090] As another example, when a music streaming icon displayed on the display panel DP is selected, the main driver 1000C may obtain a user's input (e.g., a touch input) through the sensor layer 200 and the sensor driving unit 200C and activate a music streaming application stored in the memory 1300. When a music play command is input from the music streaming application, the main driver 1000C may activate the sound output module 1630 to provide the user with sound information corresponding to the music play command.

[0091] The operation of the electronic device 1000 has been briefly described above. Hereinafter, the configuration of the electronic device 1000 will be described in more detail below. Some of the components of the electronic device 1000 to be described in more detail below may be integrated and provided as one component, or one component may be separately provided as two or more components.

[0092] The electronic device 1000 may communicate with an external electronic device 1000a through a network (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network or a long-range wireless communication network). According to some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may include a main driver 1000C, a memory 1300, an input module 1400, a display panel DP, a power module 1500, an embedded module 1600, and an external module 1700. According to some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may omit at least one of the above components or add one or more other components. According to some embodiments, some of the above components (e.g., a fingerprint sensor 1610, an antenna module 1620, and a sound output module 1630) are integrated with another component (e.g., a display panel DP).

[0093] The main driver 1000C may run software to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware component or a software component) of the electronic device 1000 connected to the main driver 1000C, and may perform various data processing or calculations. According to some embodiments, as at least a part of the data processing or calculation, the main driver 1000C may store commands or data received from other components (e.g., the input module 1400, the fingerprint sensor 1610, or the communication module 1730) in the volatile memory 1310, and process the commands or data stored in the volatile memory 1310, and the result data may be stored in the non-volatile memory 1320.

[0094] The main driver 1000C may include a main processor 1100 and an auxiliary processor 1200. The main processor 1100 includes one or more of a central processing unit (CPU) 1110 and an application processor. The main processor 1100 may also include one or more of a graphics processing unit (GPU) 1120, a communication processor (CP), and an image signal processor (ISP). The main processor 1100 may also include a neural processing unit (NPU) 1130.

[0095] The neural processing unit (NPU) 1130 is a processor dedicated to processing artificial intelligence models, and artificial intelligence models can be generated by machine learning. The artificial intelligence model may include multiple artificial neural network layers. The artificial neural network may include a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the above examples. In addition to the hardware structure, the artificial intelligence model may additionally or alternatively include a software structure. At least two of the above-mentioned processing units and processors may be implemented as an integrated configuration (e.g., a single chip), or each of the above-mentioned processing units and processors may be implemented as a separate configuration (e.g., multiple chips).

[0096] The auxiliary processor 1200 may include an image processing unit 1210, a data conversion circuit 1220, a gamma correction circuit 1230, and a rendering circuit 1240. The image processing unit 1210 may convert a data format of image data to output the converted data format.

[0097] The data conversion circuit 1220 may receive image data from a driving controller driving the display layer 100, and may compensate the image data so that the image is displayed at a desired brightness according to the characteristics of the electronic device 1000 or the user's settings, or convert the image data to relatively reduce power consumption or compensate for residual images. The gamma correction circuit 1230 may convert image data or a gamma reference voltage so that the image displayed on the electronic device 1000 has a desired gamma characteristic. The rendering circuit 1240 may receive image data from the driving controller and render the image data by considering the pixel arrangement of the display layer 100 applied to the electronic device 1000. At least one of the data conversion circuit 1220, the gamma correction circuit 1230, and the rendering circuit 1240 may be integrated into another component (e.g., the main processor 1100 or the driving controller). At least one of the data conversion circuit 1220, the gamma correction circuit 1230, and the rendering circuit 1240 may be integrated into a data driver.

[0098] The memory 1300 may store various data used by at least one component (eg, the main drive 1000C) of the electronic device 1000 and input data or output data of commands related thereto. The memory 1300 may include at least one of a volatile memory 1310 and a nonvolatile memory 1320.

[0099] The input module 1400 may receive a command or data to be used in a component of the electronic device 1000 (eg, the main driver 1000C, the sensor layer 200, or the sound output module 1630) from the outside (eg, a user or an external electronic device 1000a).

[0100] The input module 1400 may include a first input module 1410 through which a command or data is input from a user and a second input module 1420 through which a command or data is input from an external electronic device 1000a. The first input module 1410 may include a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard (e.g., a button), or a pen (e.g., a passive pen or an active pen). The second input module 1420 may support a specified protocol that can be connected to the external electronic device 1000a wired or wirelessly. According to some embodiments, the second input module 1420 may include a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface. The second input module 1420 may include a connector that can be physically connected to the external electronic device 1000a, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0101] The display panel DP may provide information visually to the user. The display panel DP may include a display layer 100, a sensor layer 200, and a sensor driving unit (or a sensor driver or a sensor driving circuit or a sensor driving component) 200C. The display panel DP may also include a window, a base, a bracket, and other structural components to protect the display layer 100, for example, from damage caused by external impact, contaminants, etc. The display panel DP may also include an emission driving circuit and a voltage generator.

[0102] The sensor layer 200 may generate a data value corresponding to the coordinate information of the user's body or the input of the pen. The amount of change in capacitance caused by the input of the sensor layer 200 may be generated as a data value. The sensor layer 200 may sense the input of the passive pen or transmit / receive data to / from the active pen.

[0103] The sensor layer 200 may measure bio-signals such as blood pressure, moisture, or body fat, etc. For example, when a user touches a part of the body to the sensor layer 200 or the sensing panel and does not move within a certain period of time, the sensor layer 200 may sense the bio-signal based on a change in the electric field caused by the part of the user's body to output information required by the user to the display panel DP.

[0104] The power module 1500 can supply power to the components of the electronic device 1000. The power module 1500 may include a battery charged with a power supply voltage. The battery may include a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell. The power module 1500 may include a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). The PMIC may supply power (e.g., optimized power) to each of the above-mentioned modules and the modules to be described below. The PMIC may supply optimized power to each of the above-mentioned components and the components to be described in more detail later. The power module 1500 may include a wireless power transmission / reception member electrically connected to the battery. The wireless power transmission / reception member may include a plurality of coil-shaped antenna radiators.

[0105] The electronic device 1000 may further include an embedded module 1600 and an external module 1700. The embedded module 1600 may include a fingerprint sensor 1610, an antenna module 1620, and a sound output module 1630. The external module 1700 may include a camera module 1710, an optical module 1720, and a communication module 1730.

[0106] The fingerprint sensor 1610 may generate a data value corresponding to the fingerprint of the user. The fingerprint sensor 1610 may include any one of an ultrasonic type fingerprint sensor, an optical type fingerprint sensor, and a capacitive type fingerprint sensor.

[0107] The antenna module 1620 may include one or more antennas for transmitting signals or power to the outside or receiving signals or power from the outside. According to some embodiments, the communication module 1730 may transmit signals to the external electronic device 1000a or receive signals from the external electronic device 1000a through an antenna suitable for the communication method. According to some embodiments, the antenna pattern of the antenna module 1620 may be integrated into a component of the display panel DP (e.g., the display layer 100 of the sensor layer 200).

[0108] The sound output module 1630 may be a device for outputting a sound signal to the outside of the electronic device 1000. For example, the sound output module 1630 may include a speaker for general purposes such as multimedia playback or recording playback and a receiver dedicated to telephone reception. According to some embodiments, the receiver may be configured to be integrated with the speaker or separated from the speaker. The sound output pattern of the sound output module 1630 may be integrated into the display panel DP.

[0109] The camera module 1710 can capture still images (e.g., static images) and moving images (e.g., video images). According to some embodiments, the camera module 1710 may include one or more lenses, image sensors, or image signal processors. The camera module 1710 may also include an infrared camera capable of measuring the presence or absence of a user, the position of the user, and the gaze of the user.

[0110] The light module 1720 may provide light. The light module 1720 may include a light emitting diode or a xenon lamp. The light module 1720 may operate in conjunction with the camera module 1710 or independently.

[0111] The communication module 1730 may support establishing a wired or wireless communication channel between the electronic device 1000 and the external electronic device 1000a and performing communication through the established communication channel. The communication module 1730 may include one or all of a wireless communication module (such as a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) and a wired communication module (such as a local area network (LAN) communication module or a power line communication module).

[0112] The communication module 1730 may be configured to communicate with the external electronic device 1000a via a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, WiFi direct or infrared data standard or a long-range communication network such as a cellular network, the Internet or a computer network (e.g., LAN or WAN). The various types of communication modules 1730 described above may be implemented as one chip or integrated into one chip or may be implemented as separate chips.

[0113] The embedded module 1600 and the external module 1700 may be used to control the operation of the display panel DP in conjunction with the main driver 1000C.

[0114] The main driver 1000C may output a command or data to the display layer 100, the sound output module 1630, the camera module 1710, or the optical module 1720 based on the input data received from the sensor layer 200. For example, the main driver 1000C may generate image data in response to input data applied through a mouse or a pen to output the image data to the display layer 100, or may generate command data in response to the input data to output the command data to the camera module 1710 or the optical module 1720. When no input data is received from the input module 1400 within a certain period of time, the main driver 1000C may switch the operation mode of the electronic device 1000 to a low power mode or a sleep mode to relatively reduce power consumption.

[0115] Some of the above components may be connected to each other through a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, general purpose input / output (GIPO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) or super channel interconnect (UPI)) to exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other. The main driver 1000C may communicate with the display panel DP through mutually supported interfaces, for example, any one of the above communication methods may be used to communicate with the display panel DP, but is not limited to the above communication methods.

[0116] The electronic device 1000 according to various embodiments disclosed in this document may be various types of devices. For example, the electronic device 1000 may include at least one of a portable communication device (e.g., a smart phone), a computer device, a portable media device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, and a home appliance. The electronic device 1000 according to some embodiments of this document is not limited to the above devices.

[0117] Figure 2A is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 2B is a rear perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0118] refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the electronic device 1000 may be a device activated according to an electronic signal. For example, the electronic device 1000 may display an image and sense an input applied from the outside. The external input may be an input from a user. The user's input may include various types of external inputs, such as input using a part of the user's body, a pen PN, light, heat, or pressure. The pen PN may be referred to as an input device.

[0119] The electronic device 1000 may include a first display panel DP1 and a second display panel DP2. The first display panel DP1 and the second display panel DP2 may be separate panels separated from each other. The first display panel DP1 may be referred to as a main display panel, and the second display panel DP2 may be referred to as an auxiliary display panel or an external display panel.

[0120] The first display panel DP1 may include a first display part DA1-F, and the second display panel DP2 may include a second display part DA2-F. The surface area of ​​the second display panel DP2 may be smaller than that of the first display panel DP1. The surface area of ​​the first display part DA1-F may be larger than that of the second display part DA2-F to correspond to the size of each of the first display panel DP1 and the second display panel DP2.

[0121] In a state where the electronic device 1000 is unfolded, the first display portion DA1-F may have a plane substantially parallel to the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. A thickness direction of the electronic device 1000 may be parallel to a third direction DR3 intersecting the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. Therefore, a front surface (or top surface) and a rear surface (or bottom surface) of each of the components constituting the electronic device 1000 may be defined based on the third direction DR3.

[0122] The first display panel DP1 or the first display portion DA1-F may include a folding area FA that is folded and unfolded and a plurality of non-folding areas NFA1 and NFA2 that are spaced apart from each other, and the folding area FA is between the plurality of non-folding areas NFA1 and NFA2. The second display panel DP2 may overlap one of the plurality of non-folding areas NFA1 and NFA2. For example, the second display panel DP2 may overlap the first non-folding area NFA1.

[0123] The display direction of the first image IM1a displayed on a portion of the first display panel DP1 (e.g., the first non-folding area NFA1) and the display direction of the second image IM2a displayed on the second display panel DP2 may be opposite to each other. For example, the first image IM1a may be displayed in a third direction DR3, and the second image IM2a may be displayed in a fourth direction DR4 opposite to the third direction DR3.

[0124] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the folding area FA may be bent relative to a folding axis extending in a direction parallel to the long side of the electronic device 1000 (e.g., in a direction parallel to the second direction DR2). When the electronic device 1000 is folded, the folding area FA may have a curvature (e.g., a set or predetermined curvature) and a curvature radius. The first non-folding area NFA1 and the second non-folding area NFA2 may face each other, and the electronic device 1000 may be folded inwardly so that the first display portion DA1-F is not exposed to the outside.

[0125] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 1000 can be folded outward so that the first display portion DA1-F is exposed to the outside. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 1000 can be folded inward and outward in the unfolded state without damaging the electronic device 1000, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0126] exist Figure 2A, an example is shown in which one folding area FA is defined in the electronic device 1000, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device 1000 may define a plurality of folding axes and a plurality of folding areas corresponding thereto, and the electronic device 1000 may fold inwardly or outwardly in each of the plurality of folding areas in the unfolded state.

[0127] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the first display panel DP1 and the second display panel DP2 may sense the input of the pen PN even if a digitizer is not included. Therefore, because the digitizer for sensing the pen PN is omitted, the increase in thickness and weight and the decrease in flexibility of the electronic device 1000 due to the addition of the digitizer may not occur. Therefore, not only the first display panel DP1 but also the second display panel DP2 may be configured to sense the pen PN.

[0128] Figure 3 is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0129] Figure 3 An example is shown in which the electronic device 1000 - 1 is a mobile phone or a tablet, and the electronic device 1000 - 1 may include a display panel DP. Figure 4 An example is shown in which the electronic device 1000 - 2 is a laptop computer, and the electronic device 1000 - 2 may include a display panel DP.

[0130] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel DP may sense an external input applied from the outside. The external input may be a user's input. The user's input may include various types of external inputs, such as using a part of the user's body, a pen PN (see Figure 2A ), input of light, heat or pressure.

[0131] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, even if the display panel DP does not include a digitizer, the display panel DP can sense the input of the pen PN. Therefore, since the digitizer for sensing the pen PN can be omitted, the increase in thickness and weight and the decrease in flexibility of the electronic device 1000, 1000-1 or 1000-2 due to the addition of the digitizer may not occur.

[0132] exist Figure 2A In the embodiment, a foldable electronic device 1000 is shown as an example, and Figure 3In the embodiment, a bar-type electronic device 1000-1 may be shown as an example. However, the characteristics of the embodiments according to the present disclosure to be described below are not limited thereto. For example, the description described below may be applied to various electronic devices such as a rollable electronic device, a slidable electronic device, and a stretchable electronic device.

[0133] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the inventive concept. Figure 5 The cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1 may be a diagram showing the electronic device 1000 including Figure 2A 000 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the first display panel DP1 of the electronic device 1000 shown in FIG.

[0134] refer to Figure 5 , the electronic device 1000 may include a first display panel DP1, an upper functional layer and a lower functional layer. The upper functional layer may include components located above the first display panel DP1, and the lower functional layer may include components located below the first display panel DP1.

[0135] The first display panel DP1 may be configured to generate an image and sense an external input. For example, the first display panel DP1 may include a display layer 100 (see Figure 6 ) and sensor layer 200 (see Figure 6 ). This will be described later.

[0136] The upper functional layer may include a protective layer PL, a window WD, an impact absorbing layer DL, a first adhesive layer PSA1, a second adhesive layer PSA2, and a third adhesive layer PSA3. The components included in the upper functional layer are not limited to the above components. At least a part of the above components may be omitted, and other components may be added.

[0137] The protective layer PL may protect components located below the protective layer PL. The protective layer PL may have a thickness in a range of 60 μm to 70 μm (or about 60 μm to about 70 μm), for example, 65 μm (or about 65 μm), but the thickness of the protective layer PL is not limited thereto.

[0138] A hard coating layer, an anti-fingerprint layer, etc. may be additionally provided on the protective layer PL to relatively improve properties such as chemical resistance and wear resistance. For example, the hard coating layer may be a functional layer for improving the use characteristics of the electronic device 1000, and may be applied on the protective layer PL. For example, the anti-fingerprint property, the anti-pollution property, and the anti-scratch property may be relatively improved by the hard coating layer. For example, the thickness of the hard coating layer may be 5 microns (or about 5 microns), but is not particularly limited thereto according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0139] The window WD may be located below the protective layer PL. The first adhesive layer PSA1 may be located between the window WD and the protective layer PL. The first adhesive layer PSA1 may have a thickness in the range of 30 μm to 40 μm (or about 30 μm to about 40 μm), for example, 35 μm (or about 35 μm), and the thickness of the first adhesive layer PSA1 is not limited thereto. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a frame pattern may be located between the first adhesive layer PSA1 and the protective layer PL.

[0140] The window WD may include an optically transparent insulating material. For example, the window WD may include a glass substrate or a synthetic resin film. The window WD may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, the window WD may include a plurality of plastic films bonded to each other using an adhesive, or may include a glass substrate and a plastic film bonded to each other using an adhesive. When the window WD is a glass substrate, the window WD may have a thickness in the range of 80 microns (or about 80 microns) or less, and may have a thickness of, for example, 30 microns (or about 30 microns), but the thickness of the window WD is not limited thereto.

[0141] The impact absorbing layer DL may be located below the window WD. The second adhesive layer PSA2 may be located between the window WD and the impact absorbing layer DL. The second adhesive layer PSA2 may have a thickness in the range of 70 μm to 80 μm (or about 70 μm to about 80 μm), for example, 75 μm (or about 75 μm), and the thickness of the second adhesive layer PSA2 is not limited thereto.

[0142] The impact absorbing layer DL may protect the first display panel DP1 by absorbing the impact applied to the first display panel DP1. The impact absorbing layer DL may be manufactured in the form of a stretch film. For example, the impact absorbing layer DL may include a flexible plastic material. The flexible plastic material may be defined as a synthetic resin film. For example, the impact absorbing layer DL may include a flexible plastic material such as polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate. The impact absorbing layer DL may have a thickness in the range of 18 microns to 28 microns (or about 18 microns to about 28 microns), for example, a thickness of about 23 microns, but the thickness of the impact absorbing layer DL is not limited thereto. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the impact absorbing layer DL may be omitted.

[0143] The third adhesive layer PSA3 may be located between the impact absorbing layer DL and the first display panel DP1. The third adhesive layer PSA3 may have a thickness in a range of 45 μm to 55 μm (or about 45 μm to about 55 μm), for example, 50 μm (or about 50 μm), and the thickness of the third adhesive layer PSA3 is not limited thereto.

[0144] The lower functional layer may include a protective film PF, a plate PLT, a cover layer CVL, a shielding layer MMP, a lower sheet CUS, an insulating film PET, a step compensation member ARS1, ARS2, ARS3, a fourth adhesive layer PSA4, a fifth adhesive layer PSA5, and a sixth adhesive layer PSA6. The components included in the lower functional layer are not limited to the above components. At least a part of the above components may be omitted, and other components may be added.

[0145] The protective film PF may be coupled to the rear surface of the first display panel DP1 through the fourth adhesive layer PSA4. The fourth adhesive layer PSA4 may have a thickness in the range of 20 μm to 30 μm (or about 20 μm to about 30 μm), for example, 25 μm (or about 25 μm), and the thickness of the fourth adhesive layer PSA4 is not limited thereto.

[0146] The protective film PF may prevent or reduce scratches or other damages occurring on the rear surface of the first display panel DP1 during the process of manufacturing the first display panel DP1. The protective film PF may be a colored polyimide film. For example, the protective film PF may be an opaque yellow film, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The protective layer PL may have a thickness in the range of 45 microns to 55 microns (or about 45 microns to about 55 microns), for example, 50 microns (or about 50 microns), but the thickness of the protective layer PL is not limited thereto.

[0147] The plate PLT may be located below the protective film PF. The fifth adhesive layer PSA5 may be located between the plate PLT and the protective film PF. The fifth adhesive layer PSA5 may have a thickness in the range of 11 μm to 21 μm (or about 11 μm to about 21 μm), for example, 16 μm (or about 16 μm), and the thickness of the fifth adhesive layer PSA5 is not limited thereto.

[0148] The plate PLT may include carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), metal or metal alloy. The plate PLT may support components located thereon. The opening PH may be defined (formed or arranged) in a portion of the plate PLT. For example, the plate PLT may include openings PH, each of which has a shape that passes from the top surface of the plate PLT to the bottom surface of the plate PLT. The opening PH may be defined in an area overlapping with the folding area FA. For example, when viewed in a plan view, the opening PH may overlap with the folding area FA in the third direction DR3 or in the thickness direction of the plate PLT. A portion of the plate PLT may be more easily deformed due to the opening PH. The plate PLT may have a thickness in the range of 160 microns to 180 microns (or about 160 microns to about 180 microns), for example, a thickness of 170 microns (or about 170 microns), but the thickness of the plate PLT is not limited thereto.

[0149] The cover layer CVL may be attached to the plate PLT. The cover layer CVL may cover the opening PH of the plate PLT. Therefore, the cover layer CVL may protect or reduce the situation where foreign matter or contaminants are introduced into the opening PH. The cover layer CVL may include thermoplastic polyurethane, but is not particularly limited thereto according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. The cover layer CVL may have a thickness in the range of 11 microns to 21 microns (or about 11 microns to about 21 microns), for example, a thickness of 16 microns (or about 16 microns), but the thickness of the cover layer CVL is not limited thereto.

[0150] The shielding layer MMP may be located below the plate PLT and the cover layer CVL. The sixth adhesive layer PSA6 may be located between the shielding layer MMP and the plate PLT. The sixth adhesive layer PSA6 may have a thickness in the range of 15 micrometers to 25 micrometers (or about 15 micrometers to about 25 micrometers), for example, 20 micrometers (or about 20 micrometers), and the thickness of the sixth adhesive layer PSA6 is not limited thereto.

[0151] The shielding layer MMP may include magnetic metal powder. The shielding layer MMP may be referred to as a ferrite sheet, a magnetic metal powder layer, a magnetic layer, a magnetic circuit layer, or a magnetic path layer. The shielding layer MMP may shield the magnetic field passing through the first display panel DP1. For example, the shielding layer MMP may be used as a direction to guide the transmitted magnetic field in different directions. Therefore, the magnetic field reaching the shielding layer MMP may be shielded without leaking to the outside (e.g., to the lower side of the shielding layer MMP). The shielding layer MMP may have a thickness in the range of 53 microns to 63 microns (or about 53 microns to about 63 microns), for example, a thickness of 58 microns (about 58 microns), but the thickness of the shielding layer MMP is not limited thereto.

[0152] The lower sheet CUS may be located below the shielding layer MMP. The lower sheet CUS may be a sheet for reflecting a magnetic field toward the shielding layer MMP. The lower sheet CUS may include a metal or a metal alloy. For example, the lower sheet CUS may include aluminum, copper, or a copper alloy. The lower sheet CUS may have a thickness in the range of 15 microns to 25 microns (or about 15 microns to about 25 microns), for example, 20 microns (or about 20 microns), but the thickness of the lower sheet CUS is not limited thereto.

[0153] The insulating film PET may be located below the lower sheet CUS. The insulating film PET may include polyethylene terephthalate, but is not particularly limited thereto. The insulating film PET may prevent or reduce the introduction of static electricity. For example, the insulating film PET may prevent or reduce the occurrence of electrical interference between a component located on the insulating film PET and a component located below the insulating film PET. The thickness of the insulating film PET may be in the range of 3 microns to 9 microns (or about 3 microns to about 9 microns), for example, having a thickness of 6 microns (or about 6 microns), but the thickness of the insulating film PET is not limited thereto.

[0154] The step compensation members ARS1, ARS2, and ARS3 may include a first step compensation member ARS1 attached to the insulating film PET, a second step compensation member ARS2 attached to the shielding layer MMP, and a third step compensation member ARS3 attached to the shielding layer MMP. The thickness of each of the first step compensation member ARS1, the second step compensation member ARS2, and the third step compensation member ARS3 may be set differently according to the product structure or component arrangement relationship. For example, the thickness of the first step compensation member ARS1 may be 90 microns (or about 90 microns), the thickness of the second step compensation member ARS2 may be 87 microns (or about 87 microns), and the thickness of the third step compensation member ARS3 may be 87 microns (or about 87 microns), but is not particularly limited thereto.

[0155] In addition, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the sixth adhesive layer PSA6, the shielding layer MMP, the lower sheet CUS, and the insulating film PET may have a structure separated from the portion overlapping the folding area FA. For example, each of the sixth adhesive layer PSA6, the shielding layer MMP, the lower sheet CUS, and the insulating film PET may be divided into two components spaced apart from each other by a gap (e.g., a set or predetermined gap) therebetween at the portion overlapping the folding area FA. The gap may be in the range of 0.6 mm to 1.7 mm (or about 0.6 mm to about 1.7 mm), but is not particularly limited thereto.

[0156] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the inventive concept.

[0157] refer to Figure 6 , the display panel DP may include a display layer 100 and a sensor layer 200 .

[0158] The display layer 100 may be configured to generate an image. The display layer 100 may be an emissive display layer. For example, the display layer 100 may be an organic light-emitting display layer, an inorganic light-emitting display layer, an organic-inorganic light-emitting display layer, a quantum dot display layer, a micro-LED display layer, or a nano-LED display layer. The display layer 100 may include a base layer 110, a circuit layer 120, a light-emitting element layer 130, and an encapsulation layer 140.

[0159] The base layer 110 may be a member providing a base surface on which the circuit layer 120 is positioned. The base layer 110 may have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The base layer 110 may be a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a silicon substrate, or a polymer substrate, but the embodiment is not particularly limited thereto.

[0160] The circuit layer 120 may be located on the base layer 110. The circuit layer 120 may include an insulating layer, a semiconductor pattern, a conductive pattern, and a signal line. The insulating layer, the semiconductor layer, and the conductive layer may be formed on the base layer 110 in a manner such as coating or vapor deposition, and then, the insulating layer, the semiconductor layer, and the conductive layer may be selectively patterned by a plurality of photolithography processes to form the circuit layer 120.

[0161] The light emitting element layer 130 may be located on the circuit layer 120. The light emitting element layer 130 may include a light emitting element. For example, the light emitting element layer 130 may include an organic light emitting material, an inorganic light emitting material, an organic-inorganic light emitting material, a quantum dot, a quantum rod, a micro-LED or a nano-LED.

[0162] The encapsulation layer 140 may be located on the light emitting element layer 130. The encapsulation layer 140 may protect the light emitting element layer 130 from foreign substances or contaminants such as moisture, oxygen, and dust particles.

[0163] The sensor layer 200 may be located on the display layer 100. The sensor layer 200 may sense an external input applied from a portion. The sensor layer 200 may be an integrated sensor continuously formed during a process of manufacturing the display layer 100, or the sensor layer 200 may be an external sensor attached to the display layer 100. The sensor layer 200 may be referred to as a sensor for sensing input coordinates, an input sensing layer, an input sensing panel, or an electronic device.

[0164] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sensor layer 200 can sense both input from a passive input unit such as a user's body and input from an input device that generates a magnetic field having a resonant frequency (e.g., a set or predetermined resonant frequency). The input device can be referred to as a pen, an input pen, a magnetic pen, a stylus, or an electromagnetic resonance pen.

[0165] Figure 7 are diagrams for explaining operations of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the inventive concept.

[0166] refer to Figure 7 , the electronic device 1000 includes a display layer 100, a sensor layer 200, a display driver 100C, a sensor driving unit 200C, a main driver 1000C and a power supply circuit 1000P.

[0167] The sensor layer 200 may sense a first input 2000 or a second input 3000 applied from the outside. Each of the first input 2000 and the second input 3000 may be an input capable of providing a change in capacitance of the sensor layer 200 or an input capable of causing an induced current in the sensor layer 200. For example, the first input 2000 may be an input from a passive input unit such as a user's body. The second input 3000 may be an input using a pen PN or an RFIC tag. For example, the pen PN may be a passive pen or an active pen.

[0168] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pen PN may be a device that generates a magnetic field having a resonant frequency (e.g., a set or predetermined resonant frequency). The pen PN may be configured to transmit an output signal based on electromagnetic resonance. The pen PN may be referred to as an input device, an input pen, a magnetic pen, or an electromagnetic resonance pen.

[0169] The pen PN may include an RLC resonant circuit, and the RLC resonant circuit may include an inductor L and a capacitor C. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the RLC resonant circuit may be a variable resonant circuit whose resonant frequency changes. In this case, the inductor L may be a variable inductor, and / or the capacitor C may be a variable capacitor, but is not particularly limited thereto.

[0170] The inductor L can generate a current by a magnetic field generated in the sensor layer 200. However, the embodiments of the present inventive concept are not particularly limited thereto. For example, when the pen PN operates as an active type, the pen PN can generate a current even if a magnetic field is not received from the outside. The generated current can be transmitted to the capacitor C. The capacitor C can be charged with the current input from the inductor L and release the charged current to the inductor L. Thereafter, the inductor L can emit a magnetic field at a resonant frequency. The induced current can flow in the sensor layer 200 due to the magnetic field emitted by the pen PN, and the induced current can be transmitted to the sensor drive unit 200C as a received signal (or a sensing signal, a signal, etc.).

[0171] The main driver 1000C may control the overall operation of the electronic device 1000. For example, the main driver 1000C may control the operation of the display driver 100C and the sensor driving unit 200C. The main driver 1000C may include at least one microprocessor and may also include a graphics controller. The main driver 1000C may be referred to as an application processor, a central processing unit, or a main processor.

[0172] The display driver 100C may control the display layer 100. The display driver 100C may receive image data and control signals from the main driver 1000C. The control signals may include various signals. For example, the control signals may include an input vertical synchronization signal, an input horizontal synchronization signal, a main clock signal, and a data enable signal.

[0173] The sensor driving unit 200C may control the sensor layer 200. The sensor driving unit 200C may receive a control signal from the main driver 1000C. The control signal may include a clock signal of the sensor driving unit 200C. In addition, the control signal may also include a mode determination signal that determines a driving mode of the sensor driving unit 200C and the sensor layer 200.

[0174] The sensor driving unit 200C may be implemented as an integrated circuit (IC) and electrically connected to the sensor layer 200. For example, the sensor driving unit 200C may be directly mounted on an area (e.g., a set or predetermined area) of the display panel DP, or mounted on a separate printed circuit board using a chip on film (COF) method and electrically connected to the sensor layer 200.

[0175] The sensor drive unit 200C and the sensor layer 200 may selectively operate in a first mode or a second mode. For example, the first mode may be a mode for sensing a touch input (e.g., the first input 2000). The second mode may be a mode for sensing a pen input (e.g., the second input 3000). The first mode may be referred to as a touch sensing mode, and the second mode may be referred to as a pen sensing mode.

[0176] The switching between the first mode and the second mode can be implemented in various ways. For example, the sensor drive unit 200C and the sensor layer 200 can be driven in the first mode and the second mode in time division, and the first input 2000 and the second input 3000 can be sensed. Alternatively, the switching between the first mode and the second mode can occur due to the user's selection or a specific action of the user, or one of the first mode and the second mode can be activated or deactivated by activating or deactivating a specific application or can be switched from one to the other. Alternatively, when the sensor drive unit 200C and the sensor layer 200 operate alternately in the first mode and the second mode, when the first input 2000 is sensed, the sensor drive unit 200C and the sensor layer 200 can remain in the first mode, and when the second input 3000 is sensed, the sensor drive unit 200C and the sensor layer 200 can remain in the second mode.

[0177] The sensor driving unit 200C may calculate input coordinate information based on the signal received from the sensor layer 200, and provide a coordinate signal having the coordinate information to the main driver 1000C. The main driver 1000C may perform an operation corresponding to the user input based on the coordinate signal. For example, the main driver 1000C may operate the display driver 100C to display a new application image on the display layer 100.

[0178] The power supply circuit 1000P may include a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). The power supply circuit 1000P may generate a plurality of driving voltages for driving the display layer 100, the sensor layer 200, the display driver 100C, and the sensor driving unit 200C. For example, the plurality of driving voltages may include a gate high voltage, a gate low voltage, a first driving voltage (e.g., an ELVSS voltage), a second driving voltage (e.g., an ELVDD voltage), an initialization voltage, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto. The power supply circuit 1000P may be provided in the power supply module 1500 (see Figure 1 )middle.

[0179] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present inventive concept. Figure 8 The same reference numerals are used for Figure 6 The same components as described above are described, and their description will be omitted.

[0180] refer to Figure 8 , at least one buffer layer BFL is located on the top surface of the base layer 110. The buffer layer BFL can relatively improve the bonding force between the base layer 110 and the semiconductor pattern. The buffer layer BFL can be provided as a multilayer. Alternatively, the display layer 100 may further include a barrier layer. The buffer layer BFL may include at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride. For example, the buffer layer BFL may include a structure in which silicon oxide layers and silicon nitride layers may be alternately stacked.

[0181] The semiconductor patterns may be located on the buffer layer BFL. Each of the semiconductor patterns may include polysilicon. However, each of the semiconductor patterns is not limited thereto and may include amorphous silicon, low temperature polysilicon, or an oxide semiconductor.

[0182] Figure 8Only some semiconductor patterns may be shown, and other semiconductor patterns may be located on other regions. The semiconductor patterns may be arranged throughout the pixels in a specific rule. The semiconductor patterns may have different electrical properties based on whether the semiconductor patterns are doped. The semiconductor pattern may include a first region with high conductivity and a second region with low conductivity. The first region may be doped with an N-type dopant or a P-type dopant. The P-type transistor may include a doped region doped with a P-type dopant, and the N-type transistor may include a doped region doped with an N-type dopant. The second region may be a non-doped region, or may be doped with a concentration less than that of the first region.

[0183] The conductivity of the first region may be greater than that of the second region, and may be used as (or substantially used as) an electrode or a signal line. The second region may correspond to (or substantially correspond to) an active region AL (or channel) of the transistor 100PC. The first region may include a source region SC, a drain region DR, and a connection signal line SCL, and the second region may include an active region AL. In other words, a portion of the semiconductor pattern may be an active region AL of the transistor 100PC, and another portion may be a source region SC or a drain region DR of the transistor 100PC, and another portion may be a connection electrode or a connection signal line SCL.

[0184] Each of the pixels may have an equivalent circuit including seven transistors, one capacitor, and a light emitting element, and the equivalent circuit diagram of the pixel may be modified in various forms. Figure 8 , one transistor 100PC and a light emitting element 100PE provided in a pixel are shown as an example.

[0185] The source region SC, the active region AL, and the drain region DR of the transistor 100PC may be formed of a semiconductor pattern. The source region SC and the drain region DR may extend from the active region AL in opposite directions in cross section. Figure 8 A portion of the connection signal line SCL formed of a semiconductor pattern is shown. According to some embodiments, the connection signal line SCL may be connected to the drain region DR of the transistor 100PC on a plane.

[0186] The first insulating layer 10 may be located on the buffer layer BFL. The first insulating layer 10 may overlap with a plurality of pixels in common and may cover a semiconductor pattern. The first insulating layer 10 may include an inorganic layer and / or an organic layer and have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The first insulating layer 10 may include at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, zirconium oxide, and hafnium oxide. According to some embodiments, the first insulating layer 10 may include a single-layer silicon oxide layer. The first insulating layer 10 and the insulating layer of the circuit layer 120, which will be described in more detail later, may be an inorganic layer and / or an organic layer and may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The inorganic layer may include at least one of the above materials, but is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0187] The gate GT of the transistor 100PC is located on the first insulating layer 10. The gate GT may be part of a metal pattern. The gate GT overlaps with the active area AL. The gate GT may function as a mask in a process of doping or relatively reducing the semiconductor pattern.

[0188] The second insulating layer 20 may be located at the first insulating layer 10 to cover the gate electrode GT. The second insulating layer 20 may overlap with the pixel in common. The second insulating layer 20 may be an inorganic layer and / or an organic layer, and may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The second insulating layer 20 may include at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride. According to some embodiments, the second insulating layer 20 may have a multi-layer structure including a silicon oxide layer and a silicon nitride layer.

[0189] The third insulating layer 30 may be located on the second insulating layer 20. The third insulating layer 30 may have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, the third insulating layer 30 may have a multi-layer structure including a silicon oxide layer and a silicon nitride layer.

[0190] The first connection electrode CNE1 may be located on the third insulating layer 30. The first connection electrode CNE1 may be connected to the connection signal line SCL through a contact hole CNT-1 passing through the first insulating layer 10, the second insulating layer 20, and the third insulating layer 30.

[0191] The fourth insulating layer 40 may be located on the third insulating layer 30. The fourth insulating layer 40 may be a single silicon oxide layer. The fifth insulating layer 50 may be located on the fourth insulating layer 40. The fifth insulating layer 50 may be an organic layer.

[0192] The second connection electrode CNE2 may be located on the fifth insulating layer 50. The second connection electrode CNE2 may be connected to the first connection electrode CNE1 through a contact hole CNT-2 passing through the fourth insulating layer 40 and the fifth insulating layer 50.

[0193] The sixth insulating layer 60 may be located on the fifth insulating layer 50 to cover the second connection electrode CNE2. The sixth insulating layer 60 may be an organic layer.

[0194] The light emitting element layer 130 may be located on the circuit layer 120. The light emitting element layer 130 may include a light emitting element 100PE. For example, the light emitting element layer 130 may include an organic light emitting material, an inorganic light emitting material, an organic-inorganic light emitting layer material, a quantum dot, a quantum rod, a micro-LED, or a nano-LED. Hereinafter, the light emitting element 100PE is described as an organic light emitting element as an example, but is not particularly limited thereto according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0195] The light emitting element 100PE may include a first electrode AE, an emission layer EL, and a second electrode CE.

[0196] The first electrode AE ​​may be located on the sixth insulating layer 60. The first electrode AE ​​may be connected to the second connection electrode CNE2 through a contact hole CNT-3 passing through the sixth insulating layer 60.

[0197] The pixel defining layer 70 may be positioned on the sixth insulating layer 60 to cover a portion of the first electrode AE. The pixel defining layer 70 may define an opening 70-OP therein. The opening 70-OP of the pixel defining layer 70 may expose at least a portion of the first electrode AE.

[0198] The first display part DA1-F (see Figure 2A ) may include an emission region PXA and a non-emission region NPXA adjacent to the emission region PXA. The non-emission region NPXA may surround the emission region PXA (e.g., in the periphery of the emission region PXA or outside the occupied area of ​​the emission region PXA). According to some embodiments, the emission region PXA may be defined as a portion of the region corresponding to the first electrode AE ​​exposed by the opening 70-OP.

[0199] The emission layer EL may be located on the first electrode AE. The emission layer EL may be located on an area corresponding to the opening 70-OP. That is, the emission layer EL may be positioned to be separated in each of the pixels. When the emission layer EL is positioned to be separated in each of the pixels, each of the emission layers EL may emit light having at least one of blue, red, and green. However, embodiments according to the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the emission layer EL may be commonly arranged to be connected in a plurality of pixels. In this case, the emission layer EL may provide blue light or white light.

[0200] The second electrode CE may be located on the emission layer EL. The second electrode CE may have an integral shape and may be commonly located in a plurality of pixels.

[0201] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a hole control layer may be located between the first electrode AE ​​and the emission layer EL. The hole control layer may be located in common in the emission region PXA and the non-emission region NPXA. The hole control layer may include a hole transport layer and may also include a hole injection layer. The electron control layer may be located between the emission layer EL and the second electrode CE. The electron control layer may include an electron transport layer and may also include an electron injection layer. The hole control layer and the electron control layer may be commonly disposed in the pixel by opening a mask or an inkjet process.

[0202] The encapsulation layer 140 may be located on the light emitting element layer 130. The encapsulation layer 140 may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, and an inorganic layer stacked in sequence, but the layers constituting the encapsulation layer 140 are not limited thereto. The inorganic layer may protect the light emitting element layer 130 from moisture and oxygen, and the organic layer may protect the light emitting element layer 130 from foreign matter such as dust particles. The inorganic layer may include a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer. The organic layer may include an acrylic-based organic layer, but embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto.

[0203] The sensor layer 200 may include a base layer 201 , a first conductive layer 202 , a sensing insulating layer 203 , a second conductive layer 204 , and a cover insulating layer 205 .

[0204] The base layer 201 may be an inorganic layer including at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and silicon oxide. Alternatively, the base layer 201 may be an organic layer including epoxy resin, acrylic resin, or imide-based resin. Each of the base layers 201 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure in which a plurality of layers are stacked in the third direction DR3.

[0205] Each of the first conductive layer 202 and the second conductive layer 204 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure in which a plurality of layers are stacked in the third direction DR3.

[0206] Each of the first conductive layer 202 and the second conductive layer 204, each having a single-layer structure, may include a metal layer or a transparent conductive layer. The metal layer may include molybdenum, silver, titanium, copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof. The transparent conductive layer may include a transparent conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), or indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO). In addition, the transparent conductive layer may include a conductive polymer such as poly (3,4-ethylenedihydroxythiophene) (PEDOT), a metal nanowire, graphene, etc.

[0207] Each of the first conductive layer 202 and the second conductive layer 204, each having a multi-layer structure, may include a metal layer. The metal layer may have a three-layer structure of titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer having a multi-layer structure may include at least one metal layer and at least one transparent conductive layer.

[0208] At least one of the sensing insulating layer 203 and the cap insulating layer 205 may include an inorganic layer. The inorganic layer may include at least one of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, zirconium oxide, and hafnium oxide.

[0209] At least one of the sensing insulating layer 203 and the cover insulating layer 205 may include an organic layer. The organic layer may include at least one of acrylic-based resin, methacrylic-based resin, polyisoprene-based resin, vinyl-based resin, epoxy-based resin, polyurethane-based resin, cellulose-based resin, siloxane-based resin, polyimide-based resin, polyamide-based resin, and perylene-based resin.

[0210] Fig. 9 is a plan view of a sensor layer according to some embodiments of the inventive concept. Fig.10 is a plan view of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the inventive concept. Fig.11A is a plan view illustrating a first conductive layer of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the inventive concept. Fig. 11B is a plan view illustrating a second conductive layer of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the inventive concept. Fig.12 According to some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.11A and Fig. 11B A cross-sectional view of the sensor layer taken along line II' in each of FIG.

[0211] refer to Fig. 9 , the sensor layer 200 may define or include a sensing region 200A and a peripheral region 200NA adjacent to the sensing region 200A (eg, in the periphery of the sensing region 200A or outside the occupied area of ​​the sensing region 200A).

[0212] A plurality of sensing units SU located in the sensing region 200A may be defined on the sensor layer 200. The plurality of sensing units SU may be arranged in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2.

[0213] The sensor layer 200 may include a plurality of first electrodes 210 , a plurality of second electrodes 220 , a plurality of third electrodes 230 , and a plurality of fourth electrodes 240 .

[0214] Each of the first electrodes 210 may cross the second electrode 220. Each of the first electrodes 210 may extend in the second direction DR2, and the first electrodes 210 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR1. Each of the second electrodes 220 may extend in the first direction DR1, and the second electrodes 220 may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction DR2. The sensing unit SU of the sensor layer 200 may be a region where one of the first electrodes 210 and one of the second electrodes 220 cross each other.

[0215] exist Fig. 9 , 6 first electrodes 210 and 10 second electrodes 220 may be shown as an example, and 60 sensing units SU may be shown as an example. However, the number of the first electrodes 210 and the number of the second electrodes 220 are not limited thereto, and the number of the first electrodes 210 and the number of the second electrodes 220 may be changed according to the design and size of the sensor layer 200.

[0216] refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , the sensing unit SU may have a first width W1 in the first direction DR1 and a second width W2 in the second direction DR2. The first width W1 may be the same as the second width W2. For example, each of the first width W1 and the second width W2 may be in the range of 3 millimeters (mm) to 5 mm (or about 3 mm to about 5 mm). For example, each of the first width W1 and the second width W2 may be 4 mm (or about 4 mm).

[0217] The sensing unit SU may include one first electrode 210 among the plurality of first electrodes 210 , one second electrode 220 among the plurality of second electrodes 220 , one third electrode 230 among the plurality of third electrodes 230 , and one fourth electrode 240 among the plurality of fourth electrodes 240 .

[0218] Each of the first electrodes 210 may include first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2. The first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 may extend along the second direction DR2 and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR1. The first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 may have shapes that are axisymmetric to each other with respect to a line extending in the second direction DR2.

[0219] Each of the second electrodes 220 may include second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2. The second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2 may extend along the first direction DR1 and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction DR2. The second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2 may have shapes that are axisymmetric to each other with respect to a line extending in the first direction DR1.

[0220] refer to Fig.10 , Fig.11A , Fig. 11B and Fig.12 , each of the second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2 may include a sensing pattern 221 and a bridge pattern 222. The sensing pattern 221 and the bridge pattern 222 may be located on different layers, and the sensing pattern 221 and the bridge pattern 222 may be electrically connected to each other through the first contact portion CNa. For example, the bridge pattern 222 may be included in the first conductive layer 202SU, and the sensing pattern 221 and the first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 may be included in the second conductive layer 204SU. The first conductive layer 202SU may be included in Figure 8 The first conductive layer 202, and the second conductive layer 204SU may include Figure 8 In the second conductive layer 204.

[0221] Each of the third electrodes 230 may extend in the second direction DR2, and the third electrodes 230 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR1. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the third electrodes 230 may include a plurality of first auxiliary electrodes 230s connected in parallel. The number of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s included in each of the third electrodes 230 may be changed. For example, as the number of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s included in each of the third electrodes 230 increases, the resistance of each of the third electrodes 230 may be reduced, the power efficiency may be relatively improved, and the sensing sensitivity may be relatively improved. On the other hand, as the number of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s included in each of the third electrodes 230 decreases, the loop coil pattern formed using the third electrode 230 may be implemented in various forms.

[0222] although Fig. 9 An example is shown in which one third electrode 230 includes two first auxiliary electrodes 230s, but the present disclosure is not particularly limited thereto. The first auxiliary electrodes 230s may be positioned in one-to-one correspondence with the first electrodes 210. Therefore, one sensing unit SU may include a portion of one first auxiliary electrode 230s.

[0223] A coupling capacitor may be defined between one first electrode 210 and one first auxiliary electrode 230s. In this case, the induced current generated during pen sensing may be transmitted from the first auxiliary electrode 230s to the first electrode 210 through the coupling capacitor. That is, the first auxiliary electrode 230s may be used to supplement the signal transmitted from the first electrode 210 to the sensor driving unit 200C. Therefore, the maximum effect may be obtained when the phase of the signal induced in the first auxiliary electrode 230s matches the phase of the signal induced in the first electrode 210. Therefore, the center of each of the first electrodes 210 in the second direction DR2 and the center of each of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s in the second direction DR2 may overlap with each other. In addition, the center of each of the first electrodes 210 in the first direction DR1 and the center of each of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s in the first direction DR1 may also overlap with each other.

[0224] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, since one third electrode 230 includes two first auxiliary electrodes 230s, the third electrode 230 may correspond to (overlap) two first electrodes 210. Therefore, the number of first electrodes 210 included in the sensor layer 200 may be greater than the number of third electrodes 230. For example, the number of first electrodes 210 may be the same as the product of the number of third electrodes 230 included in the sensor layer 200 and the number of first auxiliary electrodes 230s included in each of the third electrodes 230. Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the number of the first electrodes 210 may be six, the number of the third electrodes 230 may be three, and the number of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s included in the third electrode 230 may be two, but embodiments according to the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0225] The fourth electrodes 240 may be arranged along the second direction DR2, and the fourth electrodes 240 may extend along the first direction DR1. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the fourth electrodes 240 may include a second auxiliary electrode 240s1 or a second auxiliary electrode 240s2 coupled in parallel. The second auxiliary electrode 240s1 or the second auxiliary electrode 240s2 may be referred to as a second-1 auxiliary electrode 240s1 and a second-2 auxiliary electrode 240s2.

[0226] The routing direction of the second auxiliary electrode 240s1 and the routing direction of the second auxiliary electrode 240s2 may be different from each other. Fig. 9 , two fourth electrodes 240 and five second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 or five second auxiliary electrodes 240s2 included in each of the fourth electrodes 240 are shown as examples.

[0227] In this specification, different routing directions may mean that the connection positions between electrodes and traces are different from each other. For example, a first connection position of a fourth trace 240t-1 electrically connected to a second auxiliary electrode 240s1 and a second connection position of a fourth trace 240t-2 electrically connected to a second auxiliary electrode 240s2 may be different from each other. The first connection position may be a left end portion of the second auxiliary electrode 240s1, and the second connection position may be a right end portion of the second auxiliary electrode 240s2.

[0228] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sensor layer 200 may include a fourth electrode. In this case, the fourth electrode may include 10 second auxiliary electrodes connected in parallel. Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the number of the second auxiliary electrodes is shown only as an example, and the number of the second auxiliary electrodes included in the fourth electrode is not limited to the above example.

[0229] Fig. 9 It is shown that five second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 are electrically connected to each other, and five second auxiliary electrodes 240s2 are electrically connected to each other. That is, the area ratio of the two fourth electrodes 240 or the number ratio of the second auxiliary electrodes included in each of the two fourth electrodes 240 may have a one-to-one ratio. However, the embodiments according to the present disclosure are not particularly limited thereto. For example, the number of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 and the number of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s2 may be different from each other.

[0230] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when each of the fourth electrodes 240 includes a plurality of second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 or a plurality of second auxiliary electrodes 240s2 connected in parallel, an effect of increasing the surface area of ​​one fourth electrode 240 may occur. In addition, the resistance of each of the fourth electrodes 240 may be reduced to relatively improve the resistance to the second input 3000 (for example, see Figure 7 )’s sensing sensitivity.

[0231] A coupling capacitor may be defined between one second electrode 220 and one second auxiliary electrode 240s1. In this case, the induced current generated during pen sensing may be transmitted from the second auxiliary electrode 240s1 to the second electrode 220 through the coupling capacitor. That is, the second auxiliary electrode 240s1 may be used to supplement the signal transmitted from the second electrode 220 to the sensor driving unit 200C. Therefore, when the phase of the signal induced in the second auxiliary electrode 240s1 matches the phase of the signal induced in the second electrode 220, the maximum effect may be obtained. Therefore, the center of each of the second electrodes 220 in the first direction DR1 and the center of each of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 in the first direction DR1 may overlap with each other. In addition, the center of each of the second electrodes 220 in the second direction DR2 and the center of each of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 in the second direction DR2 may also overlap with each other.

[0232] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.11A and Fig. 11B , each of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s1 included in the third electrode 230 may include a third-1 pattern 231 and a third-2 pattern 232. The third-1 pattern 231 and the third-2 pattern 232 may be located on different layers, and the third-1 pattern 231 and the third-2 pattern 232 may be electrically connected to each other through the second contact portion CNb. The third-1 pattern 231 may be included in the first conductive layer 202SU, and the third-2 pattern 232 may be included in the second conductive layer 204SU.

[0233] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a portion of the third-1 pattern 231 may overlap a portion of each of the first division electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 . Therefore, a coupling capacitor may be provided (or formed) between the first electrode 210 and the third electrode 230 .

[0234] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.11A and Fig. 11B, each of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 or 240s2 included in the fourth electrode 240 may include a fourth-1 pattern 241, a fourth-2 pattern 242, and a fourth-3 pattern 243. The fourth-2 pattern 242 and the fourth-3 pattern 243 may be located on the same layer, and the fourth-1 pattern 241 may be located on a layer different from the layer on which the fourth-2 pattern 242 and the fourth-3 pattern 243-3 are located. The fourth-1 pattern 241 and the fourth-2 pattern 242 may be electrically connected to each other through the third contact portion CNc, and the fourth-1 pattern 241 and the fourth-3 pattern 243 may be electrically connected through the fourth contact portion CNd. The fourth-2 pattern 242 and the fourth-3 pattern 243 may be included in the first conductive layer 202SU, and the fourth-1 pattern 241 may be included in the second conductive layer 204SU.

[0235] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the fourth-2 pattern 242 may overlap the sensing pattern 221 of the second division electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2. Therefore, a coupling capacitor may be defined (eg, provided or formed) between the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240.

[0236] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first conductive layer 202SU may further include dummy patterns DMP. Each of the dummy patterns DMP may be electrically floating or electrically grounded. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dummy patterns DMP may be omitted.

[0237] The sensor layer 200 may further include a plurality of first traces 210t located in the peripheral area 200NA, a plurality of first pads PD1 connected to the first traces 210t in one-to-one correspondence, a plurality of second traces 220t, and second pads PD2 connected to the second traces 220t in one-to-one correspondence.

[0238] The first trace 210t may correspond to the first electrode 210 one-to-one and be electrically connected to the first electrode 210. Two first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 included in one first electrode 210 may be connected to one of the first traces 210t. Each of the first traces 210t may include a plurality of branches to be connected to the two first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the two first segmentation electrodes 210dv1 and 210dv2 may be electrically connected to each other within the sensing area 200A.

[0239] The second trace 220t may correspond to the second electrode 220 one by one and be electrically connected to the second electrode 220. The two second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2 included in one second electrode 220 may be connected to one of the second traces 220t. Each of the second traces 220t may include a plurality of branches to be connected to the two second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the two second segmentation electrodes 220dv1 and 220dv2 may also be connected to each other within the sensing area 200A.

[0240] The sensor layer 200 may also include a third trace 230rt1 located in the peripheral area 200NA, a plurality of third pads PD3 connected to one end and the other ends of the third trace 230rt1, fourth traces 240t-1 and 240t-2, fourth pads PD4 connected one-to-one to the fourth traces 240t-1 and 240t-2, a fifth trace 230rt2, and a fifth pad PD5 connected one-to-one to the fifth trace 230rt2.

[0241] The third trace 230rt1 may be electrically connected to at least one of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the third trace 230rt1 may be electrically connected to all of the first auxiliary electrodes 230s. That is, the third trace 230rt1 may be electrically connected to all of the third electrodes 230. The third trace 230rt1 may include a first line portion 231t extending in the first direction DR1 and electrically connected to the third electrode 230, a second line portion 232t extending from a first end of the first line portion 231t in the second direction DR2, and a third line portion 233t extending from a second end of the first line portion 231t in the second direction DR2.

[0242] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the resistance of the second line portion 232t and the resistance of the third line portion 233t may be substantially equal to the resistance of one of the third electrodes 230. Therefore, there may be an effect in which the second line portion 232t and the third line portion 233t serve as the third electrode 230 and the third electrode 230 is located in the peripheral area 200NA. For example, each of the second line portion 232t and the third line portion 233t and one of the third electrodes 230 may form a coil. Therefore, a pen located in an area adjacent to the peripheral area 200NA may also be sufficiently charged through a loop including the second line portion 232t or the third line portion 233t.

[0243] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to adjust the resistance of the second line portion 232t and the resistance of the third line portion 233t, the width of each of the second line portion 232t and the third line portion 233t in the first direction DR1 may be adjusted. However, this is merely an example, and the first line portion 231t, the second line portion 232t, and the third line portion 233t may have substantially the same width.

[0244] The fifth traces 230rt2 may be connected to the third electrodes 230 in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, the number of the fifth traces 230rt2 may correspond to the number of the third electrodes 230. Fig. 9 , three fifth traces 230rt2 are shown as an example.

[0245] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the fifth trace 230rt2 and the fifth pad PD5 may be omitted, and the charging driving mode for charging the pen may be omitted. In this case, even if the magnetic field is not provided from the sensor layer 200, the sensor layer 200 may sense input from an active pen capable of emitting a magnetic field.

[0246] The fourth traces 240t-1 and 240t-2 may be spaced apart from each other with the sensing area 200A therebetween. The fourth trace 240t-1 may be electrically connected to at least one of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1. For example, one end of each of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s1 may be connected to the fourth trace 240t-1. The fourth trace 240t-2 may be electrically connected to at least one of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s2. For example, one end of each of the second auxiliary electrodes 240s2 may be connected to the fourth trace 240t-2.

[0247] Fig.13A yes Fig.11A An enlarged plan view of area AA'. Fig. 13B yes Fig. 11B An enlarged plan view of area BB'.

[0248] refer to Fig.11A , Fig. 11B , Fig.13A and Fig. 13B, each of the first electrode 210, the second electrode 220, the third electrode 230, the fourth electrode 240, and the dummy pattern DMP may have a grid structure. Each of the grid structures may include a plurality of grid lines. Each of the plurality of grid lines may have a straight line extending in a direction (e.g., a set or predetermined direction), and the plurality of grid lines may be connected to each other. An opening in which a grid structure is not provided may be defined (set or formed) in each of the first electrode 210, the second electrode 220, the third electrode 230, the fourth electrode 240, and the dummy pattern DMP.

[0249] Fig.13A and Fig. 13B An example is shown in which the mesh structure includes mesh lines extending in a first crossing direction CDR1 crossing the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 and mesh lines extending in a second crossing direction CDR2 crossing the first crossing direction CDR1. However, the extending direction of the mesh lines constituting the mesh structure is not particularly limited to the direction in which the mesh lines extend in a first crossing direction CDR1 and a second crossing direction DR2. Fig.13A and Fig. 13B For example, the grid structure may include only grid lines extending in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, or may include grid lines extending in the first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, the first cross direction CDR1, and the second cross direction CDR2. That is, the grid structure may be changed into various forms or configurations.

[0250] Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0251] refer to Figure 7 and Fig.14 , the sensor driving unit 200C may be configured to be selectively driven in one of a first operation mode DMD1 , a second operation mode DMD2 , and a third operation mode DMD3 .

[0252] The first operation mode DMD1 may be referred to as a touch standby and pen standby mode, the second operation mode DMD2 may be referred to as a touch activation and pen standby mode, and the third operation mode DMD3 may be referred to as a pen activation mode. The first operation mode DMD1 may be a mode for waiting for the first input 2000 and the second input 3000. The second operation mode DMD2 may be a mode for sensing the first input 2000 and waiting for the second input 3000. The third operation mode DMD3 may be a mode for sensing the second input 3000.

[0253] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sensor drive unit 200C may be first driven in the first operation mode DMD1. When the first input 2000 is sensed in the first operation mode DMD1, the sensor drive unit 200C may switch (or change) to the second operation mode DMD2. Alternatively, when the second input 3000 is sensed in the first operation mode DMD1, the sensor drive unit 200C may switch (or change) to the third operation mode DMD3.

[0254] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the second input 3000 is sensed in the second operation mode DMD2, the sensor drive unit 200C may switch to the third operation mode DMD3. When the first input 2000 is released (or not detected) in the second operation mode DMD2, the sensor drive unit 200C may switch to the first operation mode DMD1. When the second input 3000 is released (or not sensed) in the third operation mode DMD3, the sensor drive unit 200C may switch to the first operation mode DMD1.

[0255] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0256] refer to Figure 7 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 , operations in the first operation mode DMD1 , the second operation mode DMD2 , and the third operation mode DMD3 are shown in sequence with time t.

[0257] In the first operation mode DMD1, the sensor driving unit 200C may be repeatedly driven in the second mode MD2-d and the first mode MD1-d. During the second mode MD2-d, the sensor layer 200 may be scan-driven to detect the second input 3000. During the first mode MD1-d, the sensor layer 200 may be scan-driven to detect the first input 2000. Fig.15 An example is shown in which the sensor driving unit 200C operates in the first mode MD1 - d successively after the second mode MD2 - d , but the order is not limited thereto.

[0258] In the second operation mode DMD2, the sensor driving unit 200C may be repeatedly driven in the second mode MD2-d and the first mode MD1. During the second mode MD2-d, the sensor layer 200 may be scan-driven to detect the second input 3000. During the first mode MD1, the sensor layer 200 may be scan-driven to detect the coordinates of the first input 2000.

[0259] In the third operation mode DMD3, the sensor driving unit 200C may be driven in the second mode MD2. During the second mode MD2, the sensor layer 200 may be scan-driven to detect the coordinates of the second input 3000. In the third operation mode DMD3, the sensor driving unit 200C may not operate in the first mode MD1-d or MD1 until the second input 3000 is released (or the second input 3000 is not detected).

[0260] Reference together Fig. 9 In the first mode MD1-d and the first mode MD1, both the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 may be grounded. Therefore, the touch noise flowing in through the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 may be prevented or reduced.

[0261] In the second mode MD2-d and the second mode MD2, one end of each of the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 may be floated. In addition, in the second mode MD2-d and the second mode MD2, the other end of each of the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 may be grounded or floated. Therefore, the compensation of the sensing signal can be maximized or relatively improved by the coupling between the first electrode 210 and the third electrode 230 and the coupling between the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240.

[0262] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B is a diagram for explaining a first mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0263] refer to Fig.15 , Fig.16A and Fig. 16B The first mode MD1-d and the first mode MD1 may include a self-capacitance detection mode. The self-capacitance detection mode may include a first sub-section and a second sub-section. Fig.16A is a diagram for explaining the operation in the first subsection, and Fig. 16B is a diagram for explaining operations in the second subsection.

[0264] The sensor driving unit 200C may be configured to output driving signals Txs1 and Txs2 to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 in the self-capacitance detection mode, and may be configured to calculate input coordinates by sensing a change in capacitance of each of the second electrodes 220. Fig.16A In the first subsection, the sensor driving unit 200C may output the driving signal Txs1 to the first trace 210t. Fig. 16B , in the second sub-section, the sensor driving unit 200C may output the driving signal Txs2 to the second trace 220t.

[0265] The third electrode 230 may be electrically connected to the third and fifth traces 230rt1 and 230rt2, and the fourth electrode 240 may be electrically connected to the fourth traces 240t-1 and 240t-2, and both the third and fourth electrodes 230 and 240 may be grounded in the self-capacitance detection mode. Therefore, noise may not be introduced through the third and fourth electrodes 230 and 240.

[0266] Fig.17 is a diagram for explaining a first mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0267] refer to Figure 7 , Fig.15 and Fig.17 , the first mode MD1-d and the first mode MD1 may further include a mutual capacitance detection mode. Fig.17 is a diagram for explaining the mutual capacitance detection mode in the first mode MD1 - d and the first mode MD1 .

[0268] In the mutual capacitance detection mode, the sensor driving unit 200C may sequentially provide a transmission signal TX to the first electrode 210, and may detect the coordinates of the first input 2000 by using a reception signal RX detected by the second electrode 220. For example, the sensor driving unit 200C may be configured to calculate the input coordinates by sensing a change in mutual capacitance between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220.

[0269] Fig.17 FIG. 2 shows an example in which a transmission signal TX is provided to the first electrode 210 and a reception signal RX is output from the second electrode 220. In order to make the expression of the signal clear, Fig.17 Only one first electrode 210 to which the transmission signal TX is provided may be marked with hatching. The sensor driving unit 200C may detect the coordinates of the first input 2000 by sensing a change in capacitance between each of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220.

[0270] In the mutual capacitance detection mode, both the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 may be grounded. Therefore, noise may not be introduced through the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240 (or noise may be relatively reduced through the third electrode 230 and the fourth electrode 240).

[0271] In each of the first mode MD1-d and the first mode MD1, the sensor layer 200 may alternately repeat Fig.16A , Fig. 16B and Fig.17 However, this is merely an example and is not particularly limited thereto. For example, in the first mode MD1-d and the first mode MD1, the sensor layer 200 may only repeatedly perform the operations described in Fig.17 Alternatively, in the first mode MD1-d, the sensor layer 200 may repeatedly perform the operations described in Fig.16A , Fig. 16B and Fig.17 At least one of the operations described in the first mode MD1, and in the first mode MD1, the sensor layer 200 may alternately repeat the Fig.16A , Fig. 16B and Fig.17 The operations described in .

[0272] Fig.18 is a diagram for explaining the second mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0273] refer to Figure 7 , Fig.15 and Fig.18 , the second mode MD2 may include a charging driving mode and a pen sensing driving mode.

[0274] In the charging driving mode, the sensor driving unit 200C may apply a first charging signal SG1 to at least one of the third pad PD3 and the fifth pad PD5, and may apply a second charging signal SG2 to at least the other of the third pad PD3 and the fifth pad PD5. The second charging signal SG2 may be an inverse signal of the first charging signal SG1. For example, the first charging signal SG1 may be a sine wave signal.

[0275] Fig.18 An example is shown in which the first charging signal SG1 is applied to one pad and the second charging signal SG2 is applied to another pad, but is not limited thereto. For example, the first charging signal SG1 may be applied to two or more pads, and the second charging signal SG2 may be applied to two or more other pads.

[0276] Because the first charging signal SG1 and the second charging signal SG2 are applied to at least two pads, the current RFS can have a current path flowing through at least one pad to at least another pad. Alternatively, because the first charging signal SG1 and the second charging signal SG2 are sinusoidal wave signals having an inverse relationship to each other, the direction of the current RFS can be periodically changed.

[0277] The first charging signal SG1 and the second charging signal SG2 may have an inverse relationship with each other. Therefore, the noise generated by the first charging signal SG1 in the display layer 100 may be offset by the noise generated by the second charging signal SG2. Therefore, the flicker phenomenon may not occur in the display layer 100, and the display quality of the display layer 100 may be relatively improved.

[0278] A second charging signal SG2 may be provided to a third pad PD3a connected to a third trace 230rt1, and a first charging signal SG1 may be provided to a fifth pad PD5a connected to the third electrode 230. The current RFS may flow through a current path defined by the fifth pad PD5a, the fifth trace 230rt2 connected to the fifth pad PD5a, the third electrode 230, a portion of the third trace 230rt1 connected to the third pad PD3a, and the third pad PD3a. The current path may have a coil shape. Therefore, in the charging drive mode, the resonant current of the pen PN may be charged through the current path. Here, the plurality of third electrodes 230 may be referred to as a plurality of channels, respectively.

[0279] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the current path of the loop coil pattern may be implemented by a component included in the sensor layer 200. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 may charge the pen PN using the sensor layer 200. Therefore, since a coil for charging the pen PN does not need to be separately added, the electronic device 1000 may not increase in thickness and weight, and flexibility may not be deteriorated.

[0280] In the charging driving mode, the first electrode 210, the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240 may be grounded, have a constant voltage applied, or be electrically floating. For example, the first electrode 210, the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240 may be floating. In this case, the current RFS may not flow through the first electrode 210, the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240.

[0281] The charging driving mode may include a searching charging driving mode and a tracking charging driving mode.

[0282] Since the position of the pen PN is not sensed in the search charge driving mode, the first charge signal SG1 or the second charge signal SG2 may be sequentially provided to all channels included in the sensor layer 200. For example, the first charge signal SG1 and the second charge signal SG2 may be sequentially scanned in the first direction DR1. That is, the entire sensing area 200A of the sensor layer 200 may be scanned in the search charge driving mode.

[0283] When the pen PN is sensed in the search charge driving mode, the sensor layer 200 may be driven for tracking charging. For example, in the tracking charge driving mode, the sensor driving unit 200C may sequentially output the first charging signal SG1 and the second charging signal SG2 to an area overlapping with the point at which the pen PN is sensed instead of the entire sensing area 200A.

[0284] Therefore, after sensing the position of the pen PN, the channels charged and driven in response to the position of the pen PN in the previous frame can be limited. Therefore, the efficiency of the charging operation can be relatively improved because the channels overlapping the area where the pen PN is not located are not charged.

[0285] Fig.19A is a diagram for explaining a second mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig.19B is a diagram for explaining a second mode based on a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0286] refer to Figure 7 , Fig.15 , Fig.19A and Fig.19B , in the second mode MD2, the charging driving mode and the pen sensing driving mode may be repeated alternately. Fig.19B One sensing unit SU through which the first sensing current Ia, the second sensing current Ib, the third sensing current Ic, and the fourth sensing current Id generated by the pen PN flow is shown.

[0287] The RLC resonant circuit of the pen PN may emit a magnetic field at a resonant frequency while releasing the charged electric charge. By the magnetic field provided from the pen PN, a first induced current Ia may be generated in the first electrode 210, and a second induced current Ib may be generated in the second electrode 220. In addition, a third induced current Ic may be generated in the first auxiliary electrode 230s of the third electrode 230, and a fourth induced current Id may also be generated in the second auxiliary electrode 240s of the fourth electrode 240.

[0288] The first coupling capacitor Ccp1 may be located between the first auxiliary electrode 230s and the first electrode 210, and the second coupling capacitor Ccp2 may be disposed between the second auxiliary electrode 240s and the second electrode 220. The third induced current Ic may be transmitted to the first electrode 210 through the first coupling capacitor Ccp1, and the fourth induced current Id may be transmitted to the second electrode 220 through the second coupling capacitor Ccp2. Here, each of the plurality of first electrodes 210 and the plurality of second electrodes 220 may be referred to as a channel.

[0289] The sensor driving unit 200C may receive a first sensing signal PRX1a based on the first sensing current Ia and the third sensing current Ic from the first electrode 210, and may receive a second sensing signal PRX2a based on the second sensing current Ib and the fourth sensing current Id from the second electrode 220. That is, the sensor driving unit 200C may receive a first sensing signal PRX1 from a plurality of first electrodes 210, and may receive a second sensing signal PRX2 from a plurality of second electrodes 220. The sensor driving unit 200C may detect the coordinate CD of the pen PN based on the first sensing signal PRX1 and / or the second sensing signal PRX2 (see Fig. 20 ).

[0290] The sensor driving unit 200C may receive a first sensing signal PRX1a from the first electrode 210, and may receive a second sensing signal PRX2a from the second electrode 220. Here, one end of the third electrode 230 and one end of the fourth electrode 240 may both be floated. Therefore, the compensation of the sensing signal may be maximized or relatively improved by coupling between the first electrode 210 and the third electrode 230 and by coupling between the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240. In addition, the other end of the third electrode 230 and the other end of the fourth electrode 240 may be grounded or floated. Therefore, the third sensing current Ic and the fourth sensing current Id may be fully transmitted to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 by coupling between the first electrode 210 and the third electrode 230 and by coupling between the second electrode 220 and the fourth electrode 240.

[0291] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the routing directions of the electrodes and auxiliary electrodes overlapping each other of the sensor layer 200 may be different from each other. For example, the routing direction of the first electrode 210 and the routing direction of the first auxiliary electrode 230s may be different from each other. In addition, the routing direction of the second electrode 220 and the routing direction of the second auxiliary electrode 240s may be different from each other. For example, in Fig.19B , the first electrode 210 and the first trace 210t may be connected at the lower portion of the sensing unit SU, and the first auxiliary electrode 230s and the third trace 230rt1 may be connected to the upper portion of the sensing unit SU. The second electrode 220 and the second trace 220t may be connected to the left side of the sensing unit SU, and the second auxiliary electrode 240s and the second trace 240t may be connected to the right side of the sensing unit SU.

[0292] Fig. 20 is a block diagram of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0293] refer to Figure 7 and Fig. 20, the sensor driving unit 200C may include a coordinate calculation section (or a coordinate calculator or a coordinate calculation circuit or a coordinate calculation component) 210C.

[0294] The coordinate calculation part 210C may calculate the coordinates CD based on the sensing signals PRX1 and PRX2 sensed by the pen PN on the sensor layer 200 .

[0295] The coordinate calculation unit 210C may receive a lookup table LUT, in which set coordinates according to the first signal value may be defined, which will be described later.

[0296] The sensor driving unit 200C may further include a sensor memory 220C. The lookup table LUT may be stored in the sensor memory 220C. However, this is an example, and according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sensor memory 220C may be omitted, and the lookup table LUT may be stored in the electronic device 1000 (see Figure 1 ) of the memory 1300 (see Figure 1 )middle.

[0297] Fig.21 is a diagram of a sensor layer for explaining the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the intensity and direction of the induced current generated in the pen and the first electrode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.21 The same reference numerals are used for Fig. 9 The same components are described herein, and their description will be omitted.

[0298] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.21 and Fig. 22 , the sensing area 200A may include a first area AR1 and a second area AR2. The second area AR2 may be located adjacent to the first area AR1. The second area AR2 may surround the first area AR1. The first area AR1 may be referred to as a central portion, and the second area AR2 may be referred to as a peripheral portion.

[0299] The first area width AW1 of the second area AR2 extending in the first direction DR1 may be the same as the first width W1 (see FIG. Fig.10 ). The second area width AW2 of the second area AR2 extending in the second direction DR2 may be equal to the second width W2 (see Fig.10). For example, the second area AR2 may be defined by a width equal to the width of two sensing units SU. The first area width AW1 and the second area width AW2 may be identical to each other. According to some embodiments, each of the first area width AW1 and the second area width AW2 may be 8 millimeters (mm) (or approximately 8 mm), but is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, according to some embodiments, the size of the first area width AW1 and the size of the second area width AW2 may be proportional to the spacing between adjacent sensing units SU (e.g., the distance between adjacent sensing units SU).

[0300] According to some embodiments, the size of each of the first area width AW1 and the second area width AW2 may be equal to the spacing between adjacent channels of the sensor layer (e.g., 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, etc.) multiplied by the number of channels (e.g., the set or predetermined number of channels) that the input signal from the input device is predetermined to represent at the edge area or dead zone of the input device. For example, as referenced Fig.29 As described, a dead zone or edge region may occur at an area corresponding to the edge of the sensor layer and the second region (e.g., an area located 8 mm from the edge of the sensor layer). Thus, the dead zone corresponds to the above spacing (4 mm) multiplied by the number of channels within the range predetermined to be measured for the second region (e.g., 3) divided by two. Thus, as shown in some embodiments, the dead zone may occur between 0 mm and 6 mm from the edge of the sensor layer. When the above spacing is 3 mm, the dead zone may occur between 0 mm and 4.5 mm from the edge of the sensor layer.

[0301] The pen PN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be close to the first position PP1 overlapping the first area AR1. The current Ir may flow through the inductor L while the RLC resonant circuit of the pen PN releases the charged charge. An electric field may be generated by the current Ir. Inductive currents I-DRa, I-DRb, I-DRc, and I-DRd may be generated in the plurality of first electrodes 210 and the plurality of second electrodes 220 by the current Ir. The induced currents I-DRa, I-DRb, I-DRc, and I-DRd may be generated in a direction opposite to the direction of the current Ir.

[0302] The first sensing current I-DRa may be generated in the first electrode 210 located at the left side of the first position PP1 in the second direction DR2. That is, the first sensing current I-DRa may flow in a direction entering the cross section based on the position of the pen PN.

[0303] The second sensing current I-DRb may be generated in the first electrode 210 located at the right side of the first position PP1 in the direction opposite to the second direction DR2. That is, the second sensing current I-DRb may flow in a direction from the cross section based on the position of the pen PN.

[0304] Fig. 22 The size of the circle representing the direction of each of the induced currents I-DRa and I-DRb in may correspond to the magnitude of each of the induced currents I-DRa and I-DRb. That is, as the distance from the pen PN increases, the intensity of the induced currents I-DRa and I-DRb decreases. When the pen PN is not tilted and is provided in a direction parallel to the third direction DR3, the intensities of the induced currents I-DRa and I-DRb may be symmetrical to each other in the left-right direction based on the first position PP1 of the pen PN.

[0305] The third sense current I-DRc may be generated in the second electrode 220 located at the upper side of the first position PP1 in the first direction DR1.

[0306] The fourth sensing current I-DRd may be generated in the second electrode 220 located at the lower side of the first position PP1 in a direction opposite to the first direction DR1.

[0307] exist Fig. 22 In the embodiment, the first electrode 210 is described as an example, but the description of the induced currents I-DRa and I-DRb according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be equally applied to the induced currents I-DRc and I-DRd generated in the second electrode 220.

[0308] Fig.23A is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of sensed signals obtained from a pair of differential channels according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.23A The first electrode 210 (see Fig.21 ) defines a differential channel to obtain a first sensing signal PRX1 (see Fig.19A ) example.

[0309] refer to Figures 20 to 23A , the coordinate calculation part 210C may calculate the coordinate CD of the pen PN located on the first area AR1 by a first method. By the first method, the first sensing signal PRX1 may be generated from a differential signal differentially sensed by channels adjacent to each other or channels spaced apart from each other of the sensor layer 200 based on the current sensed from the pen PN. The first method may be referred to as a differential method.

[0310] When the pen PN is located on the first area AR1 , the coordinate calculation part 210C may differentially sense channels adjacent to each other or channels spaced apart from each other among the plurality of first electrodes 210 to sense the first sensing signal PRX1 . Fig.23A The first sensing signal PRX1 obtained by differentially sensing the Nth first electrode and the N+2th first electrode is shown, where N is a positive number greater than 0. However, this is an example, and the number of first electrodes for differential sensing according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the Nth first electrode and the N+3th first electrode may be differentially sensed.

[0311] The coordinate calculation part 210C may obtain data about the differentially sensed current. The data may be used to process information about the input from the pen PN. The first sensing signal PRX1 may include the data. Peak values ​​PK1, PK2, and PK3 required to calculate the position coordinates of the pen PN may be selected from the sensing current value graph.

[0312] The plurality of peak values ​​PK1, PK2, and PK3 may include a first peak value PK1, a second peak value PK2, and a third peak value PK3. Each of the first peak value PK1 and the third peak value PK3 may have a negative sign, and the second peak value PK2 may have a positive sign. The first peak value PK1 and the third peak value PK3 may be spaced apart from each other and the second peak value PK2 may be between the first peak value PK1 and the third peak value. The second peak value PK2 may be a maximum value of the sensing current value graph. The first peak value PK1 and the third peak value PK3 may be a minimum value and / or a second minimum value of the sensing current value graph.

[0313] The coordinate calculation unit 210C can calculate the coordinate CD of the pen PN based on the second peak PK2 (in the case of the first electrode 210, the X coordinate). The X coordinate detected from the plurality of first electrodes 210 and the Y coordinate detected from the plurality of second electrodes 220 can be corrected according to the tilt angle and the azimuth angle, which will be described later.

[0314] Fig. 23B is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of current obtained from a channel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 23B The first electrode 210 (see Fig.21 ) is an example of a first sensing signal PRX1 (see 19A) obtained by a channel defined by .

[0315] refer to Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig. 23B, the coordinate calculation part 210C may calculate the coordinate CDa of the pen PN located on the first area AR1 by a second method different from the first method. By the second method, the first sensing signal PRX1 may be generated from the current received based on the current induced from the pen PN. The second method may be referred to as a single-ended method.

[0316] When the pen PN is located on the first area AR1 , the coordinate calculation part 210C may sense channels corresponding to the plurality of first electrodes 210 to sense the first sensing signal PRX1 .

[0317] The directions of the current sensed from the channels between the parts spaced apart from each other and where the pen PN is positioned may be different. Therefore, the direction of the current flowing through the channel located at the left side based on the position of the pen PN and the direction of the current flowing through the channel located at the right side based on the position of the pen PN may be different. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the coordinate CDa based on the zero crossing value of the first sensing signal PRX1 on the first area AR1.

[0318] Fig.24 is a diagram showing the intensity and direction of an induced current generated between a pen and a first electrode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig.25 is a graph for explaining a method for measuring the inclination angle and azimuth angle of a pen according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.24 The same reference numerals are used for Fig. 22 The same components as described above are shown in the figure, and their descriptions are omitted. Fig.25 In the description of Fig.23A , and their description is omitted.

[0319] refer to Fig.24 and Fig.25 , when the pen PN-tt is tilted at an angle (e.g., a set or predetermined angle) AG-t, the intensity of the second induced current I-DRb in the tilted direction may be greater than the intensity of the first induced current I-DRa in the opposite direction.

[0320] The first graph GPt shows the pen PN (see Fig. 22 ) is not tilted. For example, the first curve graph GPt can be Fig.23A The first graph GPt may have a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the second peak value PK2.

[0321] The second graph GPt-t shows the first sensing signal sensed when the pen PN-tt is tilted. When the pen PN-tt is tilted, the first graph GPt may be changed to the second graph GPt-t.

[0322] Information about the first peak PK1t, the second peak PK2t, and the third peak PK3t and the first area AR1t, the second area AR2t, and the third area AR3t can be obtained based on the second graph GPt-t. Figure 7 ) The X-axis inclination angle may be calculated based on the first peak PK1t, the second peak PK2t, and the third peak PK3t and at least some of the first area AR1t, the second area AR2t, and the third area AR3t.

[0323] Fig.26 is a diagram of a sensor layer for explaining the operation of a sensor driving unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.26 The same reference numerals are used for Fig.21 The same components are described herein, and their description will be omitted.

[0324] refer to Fig. 20 and Fig.26 , the pen PN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be located at a second position PP2 overlapping the second area AR2. The current Ir' may flow through the inductor L while the RLC resonant circuit of the pen PN releases the charged charge. A magnetic field may be generated by the current Ir'. Inductive currents I-DRb', I-DRc', and I-DRd' may be generated in the plurality of first electrodes 210 and the plurality of second electrodes 220 by the current Ir'. The induced currents I-DRb', I-DRc', and I-DRd' may be generated in a direction opposite to the direction of the current Ir'.

[0325] The second sensing current I-DRb′ may be generated in the first electrode 210 located at the right side of the second position PP2 in a direction opposite to the second direction DR2.

[0326] The third sensing current I-DRc′ may be generated in the second electrode 220 located at the upper side of the second position PP2 in the first direction DR1.

[0327] A fourth sense current I-DRd′ may be generated in the second electrode 220 located at the lower side of the second position PP2 in a direction opposite to the first direction DR1.

[0328] As described above, when the pen PN is located at the peripheral portion of the sensing area 200A (eg, the second area AR2), unlike the first area AR1 as the central portion, the first sensing current I-DRa may not be generated (see Fig.21 For example, the first electrode 210 may not be located at the left side of the second position PP2, and thus, the induced current may not be generated.

[0329] Different from the present disclosure Fig.21 In the embodiment shown in , when calculating coordinates based on the sensing signals PRX1 and PRX2 generated by the pen PN located on the second area AR2, the coordinates may not be accurately calculated due to the induction current not being generated. However, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coordinate calculation part 210C may be driven differently on the first area AR1 and the second area AR2 to sense the coordinates CD. When the sensor driving unit 200C determines that the pen PN is located on the first area AR1, the coordinate calculation part 210C may calculate the coordinates CD by Figure 21 to Figure 25 The coordinates CD are calculated using the method described in Fig.23A ). When the sensor driving unit 200C determines that the pen PN is located on the second area AR2, the coordinate CD can be calculated using a method to be described later. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 having relatively improved coordinate reliability and coordinate accuracy for the peripheral portion of the sensing area can be provided (see Figure 1 ).

[0330] Fig. 27 is a graph showing sense current values ​​of sense signals obtained from a pair of differential channels according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig.28A is a diagram of a first lookup table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 27 The first electrode 210 (see Fig.26 ) The first sensing signal PRX1 obtained by the channel defined by Fig.19A ) example.

[0331] refer to Fig. 20 and Figures 26 to 28A , when the pen PN is located on the second area AR2, the coordinate calculation part 210C may differentially sense channels adjacent to each other or channels spaced apart from each other in the first electrode 210 to sense the first sensing signal PRX1. Fig. 27 A first sensing signal PRX1 obtained by differentially sensing the Nth first electrode and the N+2th first electrode is shown.

[0332] Each of the sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf may show a first sensing signal PRX1 differentially measured according to the position of the pen PN. The sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf may include a first graph PPa, a second graph PPb, a third graph PPc, a fourth graph PPd, a fifth graph PPe, and a sixth graph PPf.

[0333] The first graph PPa may show the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves 0 mm (or about 0 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1. That is, the first graph PPa may show the first sensing signal PRX1 when the pen PN is located at the left edge of the sensing area 200A.

[0334] The second graph PPb may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 1 mm (or about 1 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0335] The third graph PPc may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 2 mm (or about 2 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0336] The fourth graph PPd may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 3 mm (or about 3 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0337] The fifth graph PPe may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 4 mm (or about 4 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0338] The sixth graph PPf may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 5 mm (or about 5 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0339] Each of the sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf may have a value corresponding to Fig.23A For example, if the sensing current value based on Fig.26 Description, the second sensing current I-DRb′ generated in the first electrode 210 may not be generated at the left side of the second position PP2, and therefore, each of the sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf may have the same value as in Fig.23A The second peak value PK2 of the sensing current value curve diagram (see Fig.23A ) has a shape similar to the shape on the right side of .

[0340] Peak values ​​PK2 - 1 and PK3 - 1 required for calculating the coordinates of the pen PN may be selected from each of the sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf. Fig. 27An example of peak values ​​PK2 - 1 and PK3 - 1 in the sixth graph PPf is shown. The following description may be equally applied to each of the sensing current value graphs PPa, PPb, PPc, PPd, PPe, and PPf.

[0341] The peak values ​​PK2-1 and PK3-1 may include a second peak value PK2-1 and a third peak value PK3-1. The second peak value PK2-1 may have a positive sign, and the third peak value PK3-1 may have a negative sign. The second peak value PK2-1 may correspond to a maximum value in the sixth graph PPf. That is, the second peak value PK2-1 may be a maximum value of the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed on the second area AR2. The second peak value PK2-1 may be the first sensing signal PRX1 measured for the first time in the sixth graph PPf.

[0342] The third peak value PK3 - 1 may correspond to the minimum value in the sixth graph PPf.

[0343] In the first lookup table LUT1, each of the set coordinates according to the first signal values ​​A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A7 may be defined. The first signal values ​​A1 to A7 may be defined as values ​​corresponding to the sensing signal measured as experimental values ​​for each coordinate.

[0344] In the first lookup table LUT1 , as the first signal values ​​A1 to A7 increase, the corresponding setting coordinates may increase.

[0345] Fig.28A An example of each of the seven first signal values ​​A1 to A7 and the corresponding set coordinates is shown. The first-1 signal value A1 may correspond to the first set coordinate. The first set coordinate may be defined as 0 mm (or about 0 mm). The first-2 signal value A2 may correspond to the second set coordinate. The second set coordinate may be defined as 1 mm (or about 1 mm). The first-3 signal value A3 may correspond to the third set coordinate. The third set coordinate may be defined as 2 mm (or about 2 mm). The first-4 signal value A4 may correspond to the fourth set coordinate. The fourth set coordinate may be defined as 3 mm (or about 3 mm). The first-5 signal value A5 may correspond to the fifth set coordinate. The fifth set coordinate may be defined as 4 mm (or about 4 mm). The first-6 signal value A6 may correspond to the sixth set coordinate. The sixth set coordinate may be defined as 5 mm (or about 5 mm). The first-7 signal value A7 may correspond to the seventh set coordinate. The seventh set coordinate may be defined as 6 mm (or about 6 mm).

[0346] The lookup table LUT may include a first lookup table LUT1. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may receive the first lookup table LUT1. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may select the second peak PK2-1 from the first sensing signal PRX1. The first signal values ​​A1 to A7 may correspond to the second peak PK2-1. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may search for the first -6 signal value A6 corresponding to the second peak PK2-1 among the first signal values ​​A1 to A7 of the first lookup table LUT1 to select the sixth set coordinate. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN based on the sixth set coordinate of 5 mm (or about 5 mm). That is, the coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN for the second area AR2 based on the second peak PK2-1 and the first lookup table LUT1. The Y coordinate of the pen PN may also be detected from the plurality of second electrodes 220 in the same manner.

[0347] When there is no first signal value corresponding to the second peak value PK2 - 1 in the first lookup table LUT1 , the coordinate calculation part 210C may interpolate the coordinates using the adjacent first signal values ​​to calculate the coordinates CD of the pen PN.

[0348] Fig.28B is a diagram of a second query table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.28B In the description of Fig.28A The same components are described, and their description is omitted.

[0349] refer to Fig. 20 , Fig. 27 and Fig.28B The query table LUT may also include a second query table LUT2. The second query table LUT2 may be connected to the first query table LUT1 (see Fig.28A )different.

[0350] In the second lookup table LUT2, set coordinates according to second signal values ​​B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, and B7 may be defined. The second signal values ​​B1 to B7 may be defined as values ​​corresponding to a sensing signal for each coordinate measured as an experimental value.

[0351] In the second lookup table LUT2 , as the second signal values ​​B1 to B7 decrease, the corresponding set coordinates may increase.

[0352] Fig.28BAn example of each of the seven second signals B1 to B7 and the corresponding set coordinates is shown. The second-1 signal value B1 may correspond to the first set coordinate. The second-2 signal value B2 may correspond to the second set coordinate. The second-3 signal value B3 may correspond to the third set coordinate. The second-4 signal value B4 may correspond to the fourth set coordinate. The second-5 signal value B5 may correspond to the fifth set coordinate. The second-6 signal value B6 may correspond to the sixth set coordinate. The second-7 signal value B7 may correspond to the seventh set coordinate.

[0353] The coordinate calculation unit 210C may receive the second lookup table LUT2. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may select the third peak value PK3-1 from the first sensing signal PRX1. The second signal values ​​B1 to B7 may correspond to the third peak value PK3-1. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may search for the second -6 signal value B6 corresponding to the third peak value PK3-1 among the second signal values ​​B1 to B7 of the second lookup table LUT2 to select the sixth set coordinate. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN based on the sixth set coordinate of 5 mm (or about 5 mm).

[0354] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN based on the third peak value PK3-1 and the second lookup table LUT2, or calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN by considering the third peak value PK3-1 and the second lookup table LUT2 in the coordinate calculated by the second peak value PK2-1 and the first lookup table LUT1. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 with relatively improved coordinate reliability can be provided (see Figure 1 ).

[0355] Fig.28C is a diagram of a query table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.28C In the description of Fig.28A and Fig.28B The same components are described herein, and their description will be omitted.

[0356] refer to Fig. 20 and Figures 27 to 28C The query table LUT may further include a third query table LUT3 and a fourth query table LUT4. Each of the third query table LUT3 and the fourth query table LUT4 may be connected to the first query table LUT1 (see Fig.28A ) and the second lookup table LUT2 (see Fig.28B )different.

[0357] In the third and fourth lookup tables LUT3 and LUT4, set coordinates according to signal values ​​proportional to four arithmetic operations between the second peak PK2-1 and the third peak PK3-1 may be defined respectively. The above four arithmetic operations may include addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

[0358] In the third lookup table LUT3, set coordinates according to the third signal values ​​A1+B1, A2+B2, A3+B3, A4+B4, A5+B5, A6+B6, and A7+B7 may be defined. Each of the third signal values ​​A1+B1, A2+B2, A3+B3, A4+B4, A5+B5, A6+B6, and A7+B7 may correspond to a value obtained by adding the second peak value PK2-1 and the third peak value PK3-1. That is, the third signal values ​​A1+B1, A2+B2, A3+B3, A4+B4, A5+B5, A6+B6, and A7+B7 may be obtained by respectively adding the first signal values ​​A1 to A7 (see Fig.28A ) and the second signal values ​​B1 to B7 (see Fig.28B ) added together.

[0359] In the fourth lookup table LUT4, each of the set coordinates according to the fourth signal values ​​A1×B1, A2×B2, A3×B3, A4×B4, A5×B5, A6×B6, and A7×B7 may be defined. Each of the fourth signal values ​​A1×B1, A2×B2, A3×B3, A4×B4, A5×B5, A6×B6, and A7×B7 may correspond to a value obtained by multiplying the second peak value PK2-1 and the third peak value PK3-1. That is, the fourth signal values ​​A1×B1, A2×B2, A3×B3, A4×B4, A5×B5, A6×B6, and A7×B7 may be respectively multiplied by the first signal values ​​A1 to A7 (see Fig.28A ) and the second signal values ​​B1 to B7 (see Fig.28B ) to be multiplied.

[0360] The coordinate calculation part 210C may also receive the third and fourth lookup tables LUT3 and LUT4 and calculate the coordinate CD of the pen PN on the second area AR2 by further considering the second and third peaks PK2-1 and PK3-1 of the first sensing signal PRX1, the third and fourth lookup tables LUT3 and LUT4.

[0361] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coordinate calculation unit 210C can calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN based on the second peak PK2-1, the third peak PK3-1 and at least one of the first lookup table LUT1, the second lookup table LUT2, the third lookup table LUT3 and the fourth lookup table LUT4 on the second area AR2. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 with relatively improved coordinate reliability can be provided (see Figure 1 ).

[0362] Fig.28D is a diagram of a query table according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.28D In the description of FIG. 28A to FIG. 28C The same components are described herein, and their description will be omitted.

[0363] refer to Fig. 20 , Fig. 27 and Fig.28D , the lookup table LUT may further include a first-1 lookup table LUT1-1, a second-1 lookup table LUT2-1, a third-1 lookup table LUT3-1, and a fourth-1 lookup table LUT4-1.

[0364] In the first-1 lookup table LUT1, a set coordinate according to the first-first signal value may be defined. The first-first signal value may be obtained by converting the first lookup table LUT1 (see Fig.28A ) of the first signal values ​​A1 to A7 (see Fig.28A ) are respectively multiplied by a plurality of weights a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6 and a7. The plurality of weights a1 to a7 may be the same as or different from each other. That is, the first-first signal value may correspond to a value obtained by multiplying the corresponding second peak value PK2-1 by a weight (e.g., a set or predetermined weight).

[0365] In the second-1 lookup table LUT2-1, a set coordinate according to the second-first signal value can be defined. The second-first signal value can be obtained by converting the second lookup table LUT2 (see Fig.28B ) of the second signal values ​​B1 to B7 (see Fig.28B ) are respectively multiplied by a plurality of weights b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 and b7. The plurality of weights b1 to b7 may be the same as or different from each other. The second-first signal value may correspond to a value obtained by multiplying the corresponding third peak value PK3-1 by a weight (e.g., a set or predetermined weight).

[0366] In the third-1 lookup table LUT3-1, a set coordinate according to the third-first signal value can be defined. The third-first signal value can be obtained by converting the third lookup table LUT3 (see Fig.28C) of the third signal values ​​A1+B1, A2+B2, A3+B3, A4+B4, A5+B5, A6+B6 and A7+B7 (see Fig.28C ) are respectively multiplied by a plurality of weights c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6 and c7. The plurality of weights c1 to c7 may be the same as or different from each other. The third-first signal value may correspond to a value obtained by adding the corresponding second peak value PK2-1 and the third peak value PK3-1 and multiplying by a weight (e.g., a set or predetermined weight).

[0367] In the fourth-first lookup table LUT4-1, a set coordinate according to the fourth-first signal value may be defined. The fourth-first signal value may be obtained by converting the fourth lookup table LUT4 (see Fig.28C ) of the fourth signal values ​​A1×B1, A2×B2, A3×B3, A4×B4, A5×B5, A6×B6 and A7×B7 (see Fig.28C ) are multiplied by a plurality of weights d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6 and d7, respectively. The plurality of weights d1 to d7 may be the same as or different from each other.

[0368] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, even in the case where the pen PN is tilted with a weight (e.g., a set or predetermined weight), the coordinate CD of the pen PN located on the second area AR2 can be calculated using the lookup tables LUT1-1, LUT2-1, LUT3-1, and LUT4-1. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 (see FIG. 1 ) with relatively improved reliability can be provided. Figure 1 ).

[0369] Fig.29 is a graph showing coordinate values ​​based on the position of a pen according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0370] refer to Fig. 20 , Figures 26 to 28A and Fig.29 The first graph Va may show the method of using a device for driving the electronic device 1000 (see Figure 1 ) method to measure the coordinate value of the position of the pen PN.

[0371] For driving the display layer 100 (see Figure 7 ), an electronic device 1000 in which a sensor layer 200 including a first area AR1 and a sensing area 200A surrounding the first area AR1 and a sensor driving unit 200C driving the sensor layer 200 are defined (see Figure 1) may include: a process of sensing coordinates CD based on sensing signals PRX1 and PRX2 obtained by sensing the pen PN through the sensor driving unit 200C on the first area AR1; and a process of sensing coordinates CD on the second area AR2 by driving the sensor driving unit 200C differently from the first area AR1.

[0372] The process of sensing the coordinates CD on the second area AR2 may include a process of calculating the coordinates CD of the pen PN based on at least one of a plurality of peaks PK2 - 1 and PK3 - 1 in which the sensing signals PRX1 and PRX2 are defined and a lookup table of set coordinates according to signal values.

[0373] The first curve Va can be obtained by calculating the Figure 21 to Figure 25 The method described in the above is used to calculate the coordinates CD and to use them in the second area AR2 Figures 26 to 28D The method described in the figure is used to calculate the coordinates CD when the measured coordinates are obtained.

[0374] The second graph Vb may be a graph obtained by calculating coordinates measured when the coordinates CD of the entire sensing area 200A are calculated using the method of calculating the coordinates CD only on the first area AR1.

[0375] The reference graph Vc may be a graph having the same position and coordinate values ​​as the pen PN. That is, ideally, the graph drawn based on the coordinates CD calculated by the coordinate calculation unit 210C may be the same as the reference graph Vc.

[0376] Here, the second area AR2 may correspond to numbers 0 to 8 of the coordinate axis indicating the position of the pen PN, and the first area AR1 may correspond to numbers 9 to 36 of the coordinate axis indicating the position of the pen PN.

[0377] Unlike the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the coordinates of the pen PN are calculated as in the second graph Vb, there is a difference between the second graph Vb and the reference graph Vc in the second area AR2 on which at least a portion of the first sensing signal PRX1 is not measured. However, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the coordinates CD using different methods on the first area AR1 and the second area AR2. When the pen PN is located on the second area AR2, the coordinate calculation unit 210C may statistically calculate the coordinates according to the position of the pen PN using a lookup table LUT. The first graph Va may have substantially the same shape as the reference graph Vc. Therefore, an electronic device 1000 (see FIG. 1 ) having relatively improved coordinate accuracy may be provided. Figure 1 ).

[0378] exist Fig.29Although an example is described in which the coordinates CD are sensed on one area at the left side of the second area AR2 and part of the first area AR1, it can be similarly applied to the second area AR2 corresponding to the top, bottom, left and right sides of the sensing area 200A.

[0379] Fig.30 is a graph showing sensed current values ​​of sensed signals obtained from a channel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.30 The first electrode 210 (see Fig.26 ) The first sensing signal PRX1 obtained by the channel defined by Fig.19A ) example.

[0380] refer to Fig. 20 and Figures 26 to 30 , when the pen PN is located on the second area AR2, the coordinate calculation part 210C may sense the channels of the plurality of first electrodes 210 to sense the first sensing signal PRX1.

[0381] Each of the sensing current value graphs PPa-1, PPb-1, PPc-1, PPd-1, PPe-1, and PPf-1 may show a first sensing signal PRX1 measured in a single-ended manner according to the position of the pen PN. The sensing current value graphs PPa-1, PPb-1, PPc-1, PPd-1, PPe-1, and PPf-1 may include a first graph PPa-1, a second graph PPb-1, a third graph PPc-1, a fourth graph PPd-1, a fifth graph PPe-1, and a sixth graph PPf-1.

[0382] The first graph PPa-1 may show the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves 0 mm (or about 0 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1. That is, the first graph PPa-1 may show the first sensing signal PRX1 when the pen PN is located at the left edge of the sensing area 200A.

[0383] The second graph PPb- 1 may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 1 mm (or about 1 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1 .

[0384] The third graph PPc-1 may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 2 mm (or about 2 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0385] The fourth graph PPd-1 may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 3 mm (or about 3 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0386] The fifth graph PPe-1 may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 4 mm (or about 4 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0387] The sixth graph PPf-1 may illustrate the first sensing signal PRX1 sensed when the position of the pen PN moves by 5 mm (or about 5 mm) from the left edge of the sensing area 200A in the first direction DR1.

[0388] Each of the sensing current value graphs PPa-1, PPb-1, PPc-1, PPd-1, PPe-1, and PPf-1 may have a value corresponding to Fig. 23B For example, if the sensing current value based on Fig.26 1, the second sensing current I-DRb′ generated in the first electrode 210 may not be generated at the left side of the second position PP2, and therefore, each of the sensing current value graphs PPa-1, PPb-1, PPc-1, PPd-1, PPe-1, and PPf-1 may have the same value as in Fig. 23B The shape of the sense current value graph on the right side is similar to the shape of .

[0389] Peak values ​​PK2 - 2 and PK3 - 2 required for calculating the coordinates of the pen PN may be selected from each of the sensing current value graphs PPa- 1 , PPb- 1 , PPc- 1 , PPd- 1 , PPe- 1 , and PPf- 1 . Fig.30 An example of peak values ​​PK2-2 and PK3-2 in the sixth graph PPf-1 is shown. The following description may be applied to each of the sensing current value graphs PPa-1, PPb-1, PPc-1, PPd-1, PPe-1, and PPf-1.

[0390] The peak values ​​PK2-2 and PK3-2 may include a second peak value PK2-2 and a third peak value PK3-2. The second peak value PK2-2 may be the first sensing signal PRX1 measured for the first time in the sixth graph PPf-1. The third peak value PK3-2 may correspond to the minimum value in the sixth graph PPf-1.

[0391] In the lookup table LUT, each of the set coordinates according to the first signal value may be defined. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may receive the lookup table LUT. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may select the second peak PK2-2 or the third peak PK3-2 from the first sensing signal PRX1. The first signal value may correspond to the second peak PK2-2 or the third peak PK3-2. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may search for a first signal value corresponding to the second peak PK2-2 or the third peak PK3-2 among the first signal values ​​of the lookup table LUT to select the set coordinates stored in the lookup table LUT. The coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN based on the set coordinates. That is, the coordinate calculation unit 210C may calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN for the second area AR2 based on the second peak PK2-2, the third peak PK3-2 and the first lookup table LUT1. The Y coordinate of the pen PN may also be detected from the plurality of second electrodes 220 in the same manner.

[0392] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coordinate calculation unit 210C can calculate the X coordinate of the pen PN on the second area AR2 based on the second peak PK2-2, the third peak PK3-2 and the lookup table LUT. Therefore, the electronic device 1000 with relatively improved coordinate reliability can be provided (see Figure 1 ).

[0393] As described above, the coordinate calculation unit can calculate the coordinates in different ways on the first area and the second area. When the input device is located on the second area, the coordinate calculation unit can use the query table to statistically calculate the coordinates according to the position of the input device. The curve graph measured as described above can have a shape substantially the same as the reference curve graph defining the idealized coordinates according to the movement of the input device. Therefore, an electronic device with relatively improved coordinate accuracy can be provided.

[0394] The electronic or electrical devices and / or any other related devices or components according to the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., application specific integrated circuits), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, the various components of these devices can be formed on an integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. In addition, the various components of these devices can be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on a substrate. In addition, the various components of these devices can be processes or threads that execute computer program instructions and interact with other system components for performing various functions described herein in one or more computing devices running on one or more processors. Computer program instructions are stored in a memory that can be implemented in a computing device using a standard memory device (such as, for example, a random access memory (RAM)). Computer program instructions can also be stored in other non-temporary computer-readable media (such as, for example, a CD-ROM, a flash drive, etc.). In addition, without departing from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should recognize that the functions of various computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a specific computing device can be distributed on one or more other computing devices.

[0395] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made in the inventive concept. Therefore, the inventive concept is intended to cover modifications and variations of the present invention as long as they are within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Therefore, the technical scope of the inventive concept should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of this specification, but should be determined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Electronic devices, including: Display panel; A sensor layer, on the display panel, the sensor layer having a sensing area corresponding to a display area of ​​the display panel, the sensing area including a first area and a second area around the first area; as well as Sensor driver, configured as: driving the sensor layer; as well as The coordinates of the input device at the second area are calculated based on a second peak and a third peak of a differential signal corresponding to the input device, the differential signal including a first peak, the second peak, and the third peak.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate a coordinate of the input device at the first area based on a zero-crossing value of a sensing signal on the first area, the sensing signal being generated based on a signal received based on a current induced from the input device.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the first area based on the determination of the area where the amplitude of the differential signal is the largest.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a comparison of the second peak value and the third peak value with a lookup table.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein: The sensor driver includes a memory, and the lookup table is stored in the memory. 6 . The electronic device of claim 4 , further comprising a main driver configured to drive the sensor driver, the main driver comprising a memory, the lookup table being stored in the memory.

7. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a sum of the second peak value and the third peak value.

8. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on multiplying a weight by at least one of the second peak value and the third peak value.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The differential signal is generated based on a signal received based on a current induced by the input device.

10. Electronic devices, including: a sensor layer having a sensing region including a first region and a second region surrounding the first region; as well as Sensor driver, configured as: The coordinates of the input device at the second area are calculated based on a second peak and a third peak of a differential signal corresponding to the input device, the differential signal including a first peak, the second peak, and the third peak.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate a coordinate of the input device at the first area based on a zero-crossing value of a sensing signal on the first area, the sensing signal being generated based on a signal received based on a current induced from the input device.

12. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the first area based on the determination of the area where the amplitude of the differential signal is the largest.

13. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a comparison of the second peak value and the third peak value with a lookup table.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein: The sensor driver includes a memory, and the lookup table is stored in the memory. 15 . The electronic device of claim 13 , further comprising a main driver configured to drive the sensor driver, the main driver comprising a memory, the lookup table being stored in the memory.

16. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a sum of the second peak value and the third peak value.

17. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on multiplying a weight by at least one of the second peak value and the third peak value.

18. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein: The differential signal is generated based on a signal received based on a current induced by the input device.

19. Electronic devices, including: Display panel; A sensor layer, on the display panel, the sensor layer having a sensing area corresponding to a display area of ​​the display panel, the sensing area including a first area and a second area around the first area; as well as Sensor driver, configured as: driving the sensor layer; as well as The coordinates of the input device at the second area are calculated based on a second peak and a third peak of a differential signal corresponding to the input device, the differential signal including a first peak, the second peak, and the third peak.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate a coordinate of the input device at the first area based on a zero-crossing value of a sensing signal on the first area, the sensing signal being generated based on a signal received based on a current induced from the input device.

21. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the first area based on the determination of the area where the amplitude of the differential signal is the largest.

22. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a sum of the second peak value and the third peak value.

23. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on multiplying a weight by at least one of the second peak value and the third peak value.

24. Electronic devices, including: Display panel; a sensor layer, on the display panel, the sensor layer having a sensing area corresponding to the display area of ​​the display panel, the sensing area including a first area and a second area around the first area, wherein a width of the second area from an edge of the sensor layer to an edge of the first area is equal to a spacing between two adjacent channels multiplied by a predetermined number of channels divided by 2; and Sensor driver, configured as: driving the sensor layer; and The coordinates of the input device at the second area are calculated based on a second peak and a third peak of a differential signal corresponding to the input device, the differential signal including a first peak, the second peak, and the third peak.

25. The electronic device according to claim 24, wherein: The number of the predetermined channels is 3.

26. The electronic device according to claim 24, wherein: The spacing between adjacent channels is 4 mm.

27. The electronic device according to claim 24, wherein: The spacing between adjacent channels and the width of the second region are selected from: The spacing is 3 mm and the width is 4.5 mm; The pitch is 4 mm and the width is 6 mm; or The spacing is 5 mm and the width is 7.5 mm.

28. The electronic device according to claim 24, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a comparison of the second peak value and the third peak value with a lookup table.

29. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on a sum of the second peak value and the third peak value.

30. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein: The sensor driver is further configured to calculate the coordinates of the input device at the second area based on multiplying a weight by at least one of the second peak value and the third peak value.

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