Cultivated land waterlogged land treatment method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivated land treatment, and discloses a cultivated land waterlogging land treatment method, which comprises the following steps: performing topographic survey on the range of a waterlogging land to be treated and a water collecting area where the waterlogging land is located, and determining the range of the waterlogging land to be treated, a water flow path and a water collecting area range based on topographic survey data; calculating surface runoff data of the to-be-treated waterlogged land under a preset rainfall condition based on the range of the to-be-treated waterlogged land, the water collection area range, the water flow path and the soil hydrological characteristic data; based on the surface runoff data, the laying number of drainage concealed pipes and corresponding drainage paths are determined; and pipeline laying is conducted in the to-be-treated waterlogged land based on the laying number of the drainage concealed pipes and the corresponding drainage paths, and drainage treatment of the to-be-treated waterlogged land is completed. The farmland waterlogged land can be effectively treated, the farmland area is recovered, the tractor-ploughing efficiency is improved, and water and soil loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland management, and in particular relates to a method for managing waterlogged farmland. Background Art

[0002] Waterlogged farmland is a stagnant water area in farmland formed by the accumulation of surface runoff and soil midstream in low-lying areas of the terrain. It is usually manifested as a fisheye bubble (i.e., a circular waterlogged area shaped like a fish eye) and the drainage channels attached to the fisheye bubble. Waterlogged farmland is widely distributed in the black soil region of Northeast China. Farmland resources are seriously wasted, and soil and water loss are serious, which seriously hinders the effective passage of farmland machinery. Due to the perennial accumulation of water in the area, sowing is late and harvest is late in autumn, agricultural machinery cannot pass through, and the integrity of the farmland is destroyed. It is necessary to effectively guide and drain the surface runoff and midstream. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective method for the treatment of waterlogged farmland. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating waterlogged cultivated land to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for treating waterlogged cultivated land, comprising:

[0005] Conduct topographic surveys of the waterlogged areas to be treated and their catchment areas, and determine the scope of the waterlogged areas to be treated, the water flow path and the corresponding catchment areas based on the topographic survey data;

[0006] Calculate the surface runoff data of the waterlogged land to be treated under preset rainfall conditions based on the scope of the waterlogged land to be treated, the scope of the catchment area, the water flow path and the soil hydrological characteristics data;

[0007] Determine the number of drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths based on the surface runoff data;

[0008] Based on the number of underground drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths, pipelines are laid in the waterlogged land to be treated. After the pipelines are laid, treatment effect evaluation and maintenance are carried out to complete the drainage treatment of the waterlogged land to be treated.

[0009] Optionally, the topographic survey of the waterlogged land to be treated and its catchment area may include:

[0010] Obtaining survey data and drone data of the waterlogged land to be treated, wherein the survey data includes boundary data and water flow path data, and the drone data includes digital elevation model data and image data;

[0011] Based on the survey data and the drone data, the scope of the waterlogged land to be treated, the water flow path and the corresponding catchment area are determined.

[0012] Optionally, the process of acquiring the survey data specifically includes:

[0013] Based on the real-time dynamic carrier phase difference technology, the accurate boundary of the waterlogged land to be treated is surveyed on the spot, the geodetic coordinates of the boundary and the water flow path are obtained, and the survey data is obtained.

[0014] Optionally, the process of determining the catchment area specifically includes:

[0015] The survey data and the drone data are position-matched, and the water catchment area of ​​the waterlogged land to be treated is determined based on a hydrological analysis method.

[0016] Optionally, the process of acquiring the soil hydrological characteristic data specifically includes:

[0017] In the preset location of the waterlogged land to be treated, the infiltration rate of the soil profile at a preset depth is measured based on the double-ring infiltration method or the variable water head test to obtain the soil hydrological characteristic data.

[0018] Optionally, the specific calculation process of determining the number of underground drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths based on the surface runoff data includes:

[0019] q=C*A*R 0.63 *S 0.54

[0020] n=Q / q

[0021] In the formula, q is the flow rate of the water pipe, C is the Poincare coefficient (the value can be obtained by looking up the table according to actual conditions), A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water pipe, R is the hydraulic radius of the water pipe, S is the slope of the water pipe, n is the number of concealed pipes, and Q is the surface runoff data.

[0022] Optionally, the laying of pipelines in the waterlogged land to be treated based on the number of underground drainage pipes and corresponding drainage paths specifically includes:

[0023] Based on the preset stripping depth and the gradient on the drainage path, the surface soil of the waterlogged land to be treated is stripped, and the surface tillage layer soil and the plow bottom soil are piled up respectively;

[0024] Excavate according to the gradient set on the underground pipe drainage path to meet the underground pipe drainage requirements;

[0025] Based on the number of drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths, the pipes are laid and the first pipe head is sealed with geotextile. After the laying of the pipes is completed, chopped straw of a preset thickness is laid above the pipes and in the area between the pipes.

[0026] After the chopped straw is laid, fill the straw bales above the concealed pipes, and backfill the stripped topsoil and plow bottom soil onto the straw bales;

[0027] After backfilling is completed, the tail of the concealed pipe will be connected to the farmland drainage ditch and protected.

[0028] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The treatment scheme of the present invention successfully diverts surface runoff to underground drainage, effectively eliminates the problem of waterlogging in the land, restores and expands the cultivated land area, realizes the continuous use of land, and significantly improves the efficiency of mechanized farming. At the same time, the scheme also greatly reduces the scouring effect of surface runoff and effectively curbs soil erosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of topsoil backfilling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a waterlogged cultivated land before treatment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the treatment method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is an implementation flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present application description and examples are exemplary only.

[0039] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this article are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a method for treating waterlogged cultivated land is provided in this embodiment, including: performing topographic survey on the waterlogged land to be treated, and determining the water catchment area and the corresponding water inflow area of ​​the waterlogged land to be treated based on the topographic survey data; calculating the surface runoff data of the waterlogged land to be treated under preset rainfall conditions based on the water catchment area, the water inflow area and the soil hydrological characteristic data of the waterlogged land to be treated; determining the number of drainage concealed pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths based on the surface runoff data; laying pipes in the waterlogged land to be treated based on the number of drainage concealed pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths, and completing the drainage treatment of the waterlogged land to be treated.

[0042] This embodiment can effectively control waterlogging in cultivated land, restore cultivated land area, improve mechanized farming efficiency, and reduce soil erosion.

[0043] The treatment method of this embodiment includes: topographic survey of the waterlogged area and its catchment area, soil hydrological characteristic survey, determination of the drainage path and quantity of underground pipes, topsoil stripping, underground pipe laying, straw bale landfill, soil backfilling, tail protection, etc., as follows:

[0044] 1. Topographic survey: Use real-time dynamic carrier phase differential technology (RTK) to survey the exact boundaries of the waterlogged land on the spot, obtain the geodetic coordinates of the boundaries and water flow paths, and use the water flow paths as the paths of the drainage pipes. Use drones to obtain digital elevation model (DEM) data and drone images of the cultivated land catchment area where the waterlogged land is located. Match the geodetic coordinates obtained by RTK measurement with the drone data, and use hydrological analysis methods to calculate the exact scope of the cultivated land catchment area where the waterlogged land is located, and then determine the water inflow range of the waterlogged land. Then, calculate the terrain parameters such as slope, undulation, and gradient of the drainage path of the waterlogged land.

[0045] 2. Soil hydrological characteristics: The infiltration rate of the 0-100 cm soil profile was determined using the double-ring infiltration method or the variable head test.

[0046] 3. Determination of pipeline route and quantity: Calculate the surface runoff Q under the local rainfall condition of once in 20 years according to the catchment area, infiltration rate, and water inflow range of waterlogged land, and provide basis for pipeline selection and laying quantity; The drainage drop S of underground pipes in waterlogged land is at least 1%, and underground pipes are made of PVC threaded pipes with holes (the pipe diameter is generally 20cm), which are wrapped with geotextiles. Geotextiles can prevent water from entering the soil but not the water, and prevent clogging of the pipeline. The pipeline flow is calculated using the Poincare formula:

[0047] q=C*A*R 0.63 *S 0.54

[0048] Where q is the flow rate of the water pipe (m / s), C is the Poincare coefficient (the value can be obtained from the table according to the actual situation), and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water pipe (m 2 ), R is the hydraulic radius of the water pipe (m), S is the slope of the water pipe (m / m); the number of concealed pipes n is calculated according to: n=Q / q.

[0049] 4. Topsoil stripping: Use a hook machine to strip 0.7 to 1m of topsoil in the waterlogged area and pile it around. When stacking, place the topsoil and the bottomsoil separately to facilitate backfilling in layers later. When stripping the soil, excavation must be carried out according to the gradient set on the underground drainage path to meet the underground drainage gradient requirements.

[0050] If the waterlogged land is not continuous, you can dig along the straight gradient between the two plots of land to connect them together. Later, you can connect them together through straw and concealed pipes. After the water from all the waterlogged plots is connected, it can be drained centrally.

[0051] 5. Pipeline laying: After the soil in the waterlogged area is stripped, the concealed pipes are connected and laid in the excavated area according to the calculated number and layout of concealed pipes. The first pipe head needs to be sealed with geotextile to prevent soil from entering and clogging. After laying, crushed straw is laid on the concealed pipes and in the area between the concealed pipes. The area between the concealed pipes is filled with at least 20cm thick crushed straw to ensure that it is flush with the top of the pipes.

[0052] 6. Straw bale landfill: After the shredded straw is spread, make full use of the existing straw bales (straw bale baling machine) in the farmland, and stack the straw bales on the hidden pipes in an alternating and regular manner. The bales are 0.6×0.5×0.4m in size and are stacked in 2 layers. The density of the straw bales is at least 230kg / m 3 above.

[0053] 7. Topsoil backfill: The stripped topsoil is backfilled layer by layer onto the straw bales, first backfilling the bottom layer of soil, then backfilling the topsoil of the tillage layer, so that the accumulated water in the waterlogged land can seep into the hidden pipes through the straw layer and gradually be discharged, ensuring the growth of crops. The backfill section is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0054] The tail of the concealed pipe is generally connected to the farmland drainage ditch. In order to prevent water seepage from the concealed pipe holes, which may cause the soil at the tail to collapse and cause gully erosion, the last concealed pipe adopts a non-hole threaded pipe, and dry stone / gabion masonry may also be used for protection.

[0055] The treatment scheme of this embodiment successfully diverts surface runoff to underground drainage, effectively eliminates the problem of waterlogging in the land, restores and expands the cultivated land area, realizes the continuous use of land, and significantly improves the efficiency of mechanized farming. At the same time, the scheme also greatly reduces the scouring effect of surface runoff and effectively curbs soil erosion.

[0056] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for treating waterlogged cultivated land, characterized in that: include: Conduct topographic surveys of the waterlogged areas to be treated and their catchment areas, and determine the scope of the waterlogged areas to be treated, the water flow path and the corresponding catchment areas based on the topographic survey data; Calculate the surface runoff data of the waterlogged land to be treated under preset rainfall conditions based on the scope of the waterlogged land to be treated, the scope of the catchment area, the water flow path and the soil hydrological characteristics data; Determine the number of underground drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths based on the surface runoff data; Based on the number of underground drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths, pipelines are laid in the waterlogged land to be treated. After the pipelines are laid, treatment effect evaluation and maintenance are carried out to complete the drainage treatment of the waterlogged land to be treated.

2. A method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topographic survey of the waterlogged land to be treated and its catchment area specifically includes: Obtaining survey data and drone data of the waterlogged land to be treated, wherein the survey data includes boundary data and water flow path data, and the drone data includes digital elevation model data and image data; Based on the survey data and the drone data, the scope of the waterlogged land to be treated, the water flow path and the corresponding catchment area are determined.

3. A method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition process of the survey data specifically includes: Based on the real-time dynamic carrier phase difference technology, the accurate boundary of the waterlogged land to be treated is surveyed on the spot, the geodetic coordinates of the boundary and the water flow path are obtained, and the survey data is obtained.

4. A method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of determining the catchment area specifically includes: The survey data and the drone data are position-matched, and the water catchment area of ​​the waterlogged land to be treated is determined based on a hydrological analysis method.

5. The method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the soil hydrological characteristic data specifically includes: In the preset location of the waterlogged land to be treated, the infiltration rate of the soil profile at a preset depth is measured based on the double-ring infiltration method or the variable water head test to obtain the soil hydrological characteristic data.

6. The method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific calculation process of determining the number of drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths based on the surface runoff data includes: q=C*A*R 0.63 *S 0.54 n=Q / q In the formula, q is the flow rate of the water pipe, C is the Poincare coefficient (the value can be obtained by looking up the table according to actual conditions), A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water pipe, R is the hydraulic radius of the water pipe, S is the slope of the water pipe, n is the number of concealed pipes, and Q is the surface runoff data.

7. The method for treating waterlogged cultivated land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laying of pipelines in the waterlogged land to be treated based on the number of drainage concealed pipes and the corresponding drainage paths specifically includes: Based on the preset stripping depth and the gradient on the drainage path, the surface soil of the waterlogged land to be treated is stripped, and the surface tillage layer soil and the plow bottom soil are piled up respectively; Excavate according to the gradient set on the underground pipe drainage path to meet the underground pipe drainage requirements; Based on the number of drainage pipes to be laid and the corresponding drainage paths, the pipes are laid and the first pipe head is sealed with geotextile. After the laying of the pipes is completed, chopped straw of a preset thickness is laid above the pipes and in the area between the pipes. After the chopped straw is laid, fill the straw bales above the concealed pipes, and backfill the stripped topsoil and plow bottom soil onto the straw bales; After backfilling is completed, the tail of the concealed pipe will be connected to the farmland drainage ditch and protected.

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