A method for three-dimensional visualization analysis of earthwork stockpile storage quality

Abstract

The application provides a kind of earthwork stockyard stock quality three-dimensional visualization method, comprising the following steps: S1, establishing stockyard terrain;S2, establishing stockyard platform;S3, establishing stockyard slope;S4, establishing stockyard intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, filter tank;S5, establishing stockyard three-dimensional color difference chart;S6, outputting stockyard section drawing;S7, outputting stockyard earthwork stock and material engineering quantity.Compared with grid method, the application has the advantages of outputting any section drawing of stockyard, outputting material quantity of stockyard structures such as intercepting ditch, clear and complete intermediate process data, good three-dimensional visualization effect, etc., and is suitable for point-like earthwork backfill engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for three-dimensional visualization analysis of stockpile quality, and more particularly to a method for three-dimensional visualization analysis of earthwork stockpile quality. Background Technology

[0002] Classic methods for calculating earthwork volume include the cross-section method, the grid method, and the geometric region method. Earthwork stockpiles are point-based backfill projects, and the grid method is generally used to calculate the backfill volume. The grid method is intuitive, easy to understand, and simple to calculate, making it suitable for earthwork calculations on relatively flat sites. The calculation principle is as follows: the site is divided into several square grids, and the elevations of the four corner points of each square are measured or interpolated within the site. The earthwork volume of each grid surface is calculated (using the prism method), and the sum of the earthwork volumes of each grid is the total earthwork volume.

[0003] For earthwork stockpiles with simple terrain, the grid method is well-suited; however, for complex terrain, a denser grid is required to ensure calculation accuracy, resulting in a significant workload. The grid method for analyzing the stockpiling quality of earthwork stockpiles suffers from several drawbacks, including the inability to accurately output cross-sectional diagrams of the stockpiled earth, poor data integrity in intermediate processes, and inadequate visualization. Therefore, developing efficient and accurate earthwork volume measurement techniques is currently a key focus in the industry.

[0004] Patent CN118313049A discloses a three-dimensional visualization control method for excavation quality in cross-construction areas. Specifically, it involves establishing a topographic surface formed by excavation in the cross-construction area; then establishing a channel design interface for the cross-construction area; and using a three-dimensional model to analyze over-excavation, under-excavation, and flatness. While ensuring calculation accuracy, it ensures clear and complete intermediate process data, has good visualization effects, and significantly reduces the repetitive work generated by a large number of interpolation calculations of cross-section lines. It avoids complex calculation processes and improves calculation efficiency. However, the technical approach of this method is still relatively complex.

[0005] Patent document CN112861222A discloses a method for calculating earthwork volume that can distinguish soil types. Specifically, it constructs an intermediate data standard based on the concept of a field using tensors. By rasterizing a three-dimensional geological digital model, it solves the tolerance and mesh quality degradation problems existing in traditional three-dimensional graphics methods. Simultaneously, it sets mapping rules for converting the rasterized model to a tensor model to calculate the current earthwork excavation volume, facilitating quantitative analysis of engineering geology. However, this method is still relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, earthwork stockpile design and construction drawings were used to establish an earthwork stockpile model. Tools for outputting stockpile quantities and cross-sectional analysis were developed, enabling quantitative three-dimensional visualization analysis of stockpile quality. This includes the elevation, planar coordinates, quantity, three-dimensional shape, and stockpile status of any cross-section of the stockpiled earth. Applicable to any type of earthwork stockpile, it offers advantages such as ease of operation and excellent visualization.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A three-dimensional visualization analysis method for the stockpiling quality of earthwork yards is provided, including the following steps:

[0009] S1. Establish the terrain of the storage yard;

[0010] S2. Establish a yard design platform;

[0011] S3. Establish a slope model for the stockyard design;

[0012] S4. Establish models of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond in the storage yard;

[0013] S5. Establish a three-dimensional color difference map of the stockpile;

[0014] S6. Output the cross-sectional view of the stockpile;

[0015] S7. Output the earthwork and material quantities for the stockpile.

[0016] Furthermore, step S1 includes:

[0017] S11. Import the earthwork stockpile design and construction drawings, and use layers and element types to filter out elevation points and contour lines.

[0018] S12. Using the elevation points and contour lines, create the yard terrain.

[0019] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0020] S21. Using the yard design and construction drawings, select the yard design boundary lines and establish a yard design platform.

[0021] Step S3 includes:

[0022] S31. Establish the design slope template;

[0023] S32. Use stretch templates to create models of the stockyard slopes.

[0024] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0025] S31. Establish the design slope template;

[0026] S32. Use stretch templates to create models of the stockyard slopes.

[0027] Furthermore, step S4 includes:

[0028] S41. Construct templates for intercepting ditches, blind drains, retaining walls, and filtration ponds;

[0029] S42. Set the centerline of intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filtration ponds;

[0030] S43. Stretch the template and build models of intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond respectively;

[0031] S44. Import the yard terrain and create a yard model.

[0032] Furthermore, step S5 includes:

[0033] S51. Divide the soil pile elevation into intervals, assign each interval a corresponding color, and generate a three-dimensional color block map of the stockpile.

[0034] S52. Use the three-dimensional color block map of the stockpile and the numerical value of the soil elevation to represent the soil elevation of the stockpile.

[0035] Furthermore, step S6 includes:

[0036] S61. Set the straight line on the stockyard model that needs to output the cross section;

[0037] S62. Select a straight line to output the cross-sectional view of the earthwork stockpile.

[0038] Furthermore, step S7 includes:

[0039] S71. Convert the original terrain of the stockpile and the terrain after the earthwork is stockpiled into a digital terrain model (DTM).

[0040] S72. Set the center line of the storage engineering quantity output area on the storage yard model;

[0041] S73. Select the centerline of the output area for the project quantity, set the boundary conditions such as width and elevation, and output the earthwork stockpile project quantity and material project quantity of the area.

[0042] S74. Output the material quantities for the intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filtration ponds in the output yard.

[0043] Further details regarding the material quantities mentioned include the material quantities for intercepting ditches, blind drains, retaining walls, and filtration ponds.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) It can output any cross-sectional view of the stockpile. By setting the boundary conditions of the calculation area using the stockpile model, it can output not only the stockpile volume and cross-sectional view, but also the material quantity of the stockpile structure such as the intercepting ditch. (2) It has good three-dimensional visualization effect. It can intuitively display the stockpile situation of the earthwork stockpile in a three-dimensional form, so that relevant personnel can quickly and accurately grasp the overall shape of the stockpile, the distribution of the stockpile, the stockpile height of different areas, and other information. Through the three-dimensional color difference map on the stockpile model, the stockpile situation and the layout of the stockpile structure such as the intercepting ditch can be intuitively analyzed. (3) It has strong applicability. It is applicable to any form of earthwork stockpile project, including earthwork stockpile projects with large terrain changes. At the same time, the three-dimensional visualization model built based on accurate measurement data and advanced modeling technology can accurately reflect the actual situation of the earthwork stockpile. When conducting stockpile quality analysis, it can provide reliable basic data, making the calculation of parameters such as the stockpile volume more accurate and providing a scientific basis for quality assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional visualization analysis method for the stockpiling quality of earthwork in a stockpile according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the topography of the storage yard for item 4-1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the yard design platform of the present invention (4-1).

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slope design for the stockpile in section 4-1 of this invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the template for the intercepting ditch in the stockpile of the present invention (4-1).

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intercepting ditch model for the stockpile in section 4-1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stockpile model 4-1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional color block diagram of the stockpile in section 4-1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 This invention outputs a schematic cross-sectional view of the earthwork stockpile formed in the 4-1 stockpile area.

[0055] Figure 10 This invention outputs a schematic diagram of the earthwork storage volume for a local area of ​​the stockpile in section 4-1.

[0056] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram showing the engineering quantities of the retaining wall material for the stockpile in section 4-1, as output by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention and its beneficial effects will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0058] In this invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can both represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0059] Taking the Pinglu Canal as an example, the Pinglu Canal Section 1 is 19,723m long, with the starting and ending chainages from K0+000m to K19+723m. The construction content includes channel excavation, revetment paving, waterway comprehensive service area, anchorage, and 10 external spoil disposal sites. Among them, the channel excavation involves 21.59 million m3 of earth and stone, and the designed storage volume is 25.42 million m3.

[0060] The basic steps for calculating earthwork in a stockpile using the grid method are: importing topographic data, drawing the boundary of the calculation area, setting the design surface and grid width, and outputting the earthwork volume. The grid method can quickly obtain calculation results, but it has the following shortcomings: (1) It cannot output cross-sectional views of earthwork stockpiling and earthwork excavation, and the cross-sectional method is required to obtain the cross-sectional views; (2) It cannot calculate the engineering volume of stockpile structures such as intercepting ditches and retaining walls; (3) For stockpiles with large topographic changes, the grid needs to be densified to ensure calculation accuracy, which has poor applicability; (4) The three-dimensional visualization effect is poor, and it cannot effectively and intuitively represent the earthwork stockpiling situation in the stockpile.

[0061] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment utilizes the yard design and construction drawings to establish a yard design platform, design slopes, intercepting ditches, blind drains, retaining walls, and filtration ponds. The yard topography is imported to generate a yard model. Any two phases of the yard topography are converted into a DTM (Digital Terrain Model). Engineering quantity output tools and cross-section analysis tools are developed to output cross-sectional views and engineering quantities of the earthwork stockpiles. A three-dimensional color difference map and terrain elevation difference are created and attached to the yard topography, enabling intuitive and quantitative three-dimensional visualization analysis of the overall yard stockpiling situation.

[0062] The specific steps of the embodiment are as follows:

[0063] (1) First, establish the terrain of the storage yard; specifically including:

[0064] Import the 4-1 yard design and construction drawings, and use layers and element types to filter out elevation points and contour lines.

[0065] Specifically, after importing the construction drawings, open the layer manager (this function is available in most drawing software). Carefully examine the layer structure in the 4-1 yard design construction drawing to understand what each layer represents. Typically, different design elements (such as buildings, roads, yard areas, terrain, etc.) are drawn on different layers. In addition to layers, you also need to be familiar with the types of various elements in the construction drawings. These element types may include points, lines, polygons, text annotations, etc. Elevation points and contour lines usually belong to specific element types. For example, an elevation point might be a point element, while a contour line is a line element.

[0066] In the Layer Manager, try to identify layers that might contain elevation points and contour lines by examining their names, colors, or other identifying information. Some design teams create layers according to certain naming conventions, such as layer names containing the words "elevation point" or "contour line." Once you've identified the possible layers, make them visible and temporarily hide other unrelated layers to reduce visual clutter.

[0067] If you cannot accurately filter out elevation points and contour lines using layers alone, you can use the element selection tools in your drawing software. Set selection filters based on the element type characteristics of elevation points and contour lines. For example, you can set the software to select only point elements (for elevation points) and line elements (for contour lines), and then perform the filtering operation across the entire construction drawing.

[0068] After completing the filtering, visually inspect the results. Ensure that the filtered elements are indeed elevation points and contour lines, and that no other irrelevant elements have been omitted or mistakenly selected. If errors are found, go back and readjust the filtering criteria until accurate results are obtained.

[0069] Create the 4-1 storage yard terrain using elevation points and contour lines, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0070] Specifically, first, carefully check the completeness of the acquired elevation point data. Ensure that each elevation point has accurate plane coordinates (X, Y values) and a corresponding elevation value (Z value). Perform preliminary data cleaning, removing potentially duplicate or obviously erroneous data points (e.g., data with elevation values ​​outside the reasonable range). Examine the distribution density of the elevation point data. If the elevation point distribution in certain areas is found to be too sparse or too dense, consider whether supplementary data collection or appropriate interpolation is needed to ensure the accuracy and rationality of subsequent terrain creation.

[0071] For contour line data, ensure that each contour line has a clearly defined contour interval. Check the closure of contour lines to ensure there are no unclosed contour lines, as this could lead to errors during terrain creation. Similarly, check the contour line data for overlaps, intersections, or other logical inconsistencies with the terrain. If such issues are found, manual adjustments or repair using data processing software are necessary.

[0072] Before creating terrain using contour lines, some preprocessing may be necessary. For example, if the contour data is complex or contains small line segments, the contour lines can be simplified to reduce the amount of data and improve processing efficiency. However, care should be taken not to oversimplify, which could lead to terrain distortion.

[0073] Choose the appropriate method for creating terrain based on contour lines, depending on the software's capabilities. Some software can directly convert contour lines into terrain surfaces, while others may require converting contour lines into 3D polylines first, and then generating terrain from these polylines.

[0074] Configure terrain creation parameters related to contour lines. This includes specifying contour line data as the data source, setting the contour interval properties of the contour lines (if the software does not automatically recognize them), and determining how to generate the terrain surface based on the shape and elevation relationships of the contour lines (e.g., setting parameters such as the maximum side length of triangles when building terrain using a triangulation network).

[0075] If two terrain surfaces were created separately based on elevation points and contour lines, they need to be merged. Locate the terrain merging function in the software and combine the two terrain surfaces into a single, complete 4-1 yard terrain. During the merging process, pay attention to any discontinuities or abrupt changes that may occur at the boundary between the two terrain surfaces to ensure a smooth transition.

[0076] Perform an optimization check on the created terrain. Examine the terrain surface for any unreasonable bumps or depressions, which may be due to data errors or improper parameter settings. If such problems are found, you can regenerate the terrain by adjusting the terrain creation parameters, or manually correct the terrain using the software's terrain editing tools (such as local smoothing, interpolation adjustment, etc.).

[0077] Check if the accuracy of the terrain meets the design requirements of the 4-1 stockpile terrain. If the accuracy is insufficient, consider increasing the density of elevation point data or using finer contour lines to recreate the terrain, or further refine the existing terrain.

[0078] The created terrain should be compared and verified with the actual terrain data of the 4-1 stockpile (such as on-site measurement data, design drawings, etc.). This can be done by selecting some feature points on the terrain and comparing their elevation values ​​with the actual values ​​to calculate the terrain's error range and ensure accuracy. If significant errors exist, the causes should be analyzed and appropriate adjustments made. This may involve re-checking the data, adjusting terrain creation parameters, or re-collecting data.

[0079] Once you are satisfied with the created 4-1 yard terrain, output the results according to subsequent application requirements.

[0080] (2) Then, establish a yard design platform; specifically including:

[0081] Using the 4-1 yard design and construction drawings, select the yard design boundary lines and establish the 4-1 yard design platform, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0082] The specific method is as follows: Based on the yard design boundary lines, determine the scope and boundaries of the 4-1 yard design platform. Create a new design platform file or project in the software, and set the platform's basic attributes, such as name, number, and description. Define the coordinate system and elevation datum of the design platform. These settings should be consistent with the coordinate system of the construction drawings and the overall elevation datum of the project to ensure accurate spatial reference for design and analysis work performed on the platform.

[0083] Using the modeling or drawing functions in the software, construct the outline of the 4-1 yard design platform based on the selected yard design boundary lines. Accurately import the boundary line data into the design platform as the platform's boundary foundation. Add other necessary design elements to the platform according to the actual needs of the yard design, such as entrance / exit locations, drainage facilities, and ancillary buildings. These elements should be rationally arranged according to design specifications and construction requirements, and maintain a correct spatial relationship with the yard design boundary lines.

[0084] Data verification was performed on the established 4-1 yard design platform. The platform's geometry was checked for accuracy, closure of edges, and any conflicts or unreasonable spatial relationships between design elements within the platform.

[0085] Based on the verification results, the design platform was improved and optimized. For example, unclosed edges were repaired, and the position and size of design elements were adjusted to ensure that the design platform met the design intent and construction requirements of the 4-1 yard.

[0086] (3) Establish the design slope of the storage yard; specifically including:

[0087] First, establish the template for the 4-1 stockyard slope design; then, stretch the template to create separate stockyard slope models, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0088] (4) Construct intercepting ditches, blind drains, retaining walls, and filtration ponds for the storage yard; specifically including:

[0089] First, construct the formwork for the 4-1 stockpile's intercepting ditch, blind drain, retaining wall, and filtration pond, such as... Figure 5 As shown. Then, set the center lines of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond in the template; then stretch the templates of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond along their respective center lines to establish the models of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond, as shown. Figure 6 As shown. Finally, import the 4-1 yard terrain and build the 4-1 yard model, as follows. Figure 7 As shown.

[0090] (5) Establish a three-dimensional color difference map of the stockpile; divide the elevation of the 4-1 stockpile into intervals, assigning each interval a corresponding color, as shown in Table 1. Use different colors and elevation values ​​to represent the thickness of the earthwork stockpile, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0091] Table 1 Elevation Color Correspondence Table

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] (6) Output the cross-sectional view of the stockpile; specifically including:

[0095] In the 4-1 stockpile model, set the straight line for which you want to output the cross-sectional view. Then select the straight line and output the cross-sectional view of the 4-1 stockpile at the corresponding position on that line, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown.

[0096] (7) Finally, output the earthwork and material quantities for the stockpile. Specifically, this includes:

[0097] The original terrain of the 4-1 stockpile and the terrain after earthwork stockpiling are converted into a DTM (Digital Terrain Model); then, the centerline of the output area for the stockpiling volume is set on the 4-1 stockpile model; the centerline is selected, and boundary conditions such as the width and elevation of the calculation area are set to output the earthwork stockpiling volume for the designated area of ​​the 4-1 stockpile. Figure 10 As shown. Output the material quantities for the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond in the 4-1 stockpile yard, as shown. Figure 11 As shown.

[0098] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of this disclosure upon considering the specification and the disclosure of practical truths. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visualization analysis method for the stockpiling quality of earthwork yards, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish the terrain of the storage yard; S2. Using the aforementioned yard design and construction drawings, select the yard design boundary lines and establish a yard design platform; S3. Establish a slope model for the stockyard design; S4. Establish models of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond in the storage yard; S5. Establish a three-dimensional color difference map of the stockpile; S6. Output the cross-sectional view of the stockpile; S7. Output the earthwork and material quantities for the stockpile yard; Step S1 includes: S11. Import the earthwork stockpile design and construction drawings, and use layers and element types to filter out elevation points and contour lines. S12. Using the elevation points and contour lines, create the yard terrain; Step S2 includes: S21. Using the aforementioned yard design and construction drawings, select the yard design boundary lines and establish a yard design platform; Step S3 includes: S31. Establish the design slope template; S32. Use stretch templates to create models of the stockyard slopes. Step S4 includes: S41. Construct templates for intercepting ditches, blind drains, retaining walls, and filtration ponds; S42. Set the centerline of intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filtration ponds; S43. Stretch the template and build models of intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filtration pond respectively; S44. Import the yard terrain and build a yard model; Step S5 includes: S51. Divide the soil pile elevation into intervals, assign each interval a corresponding color, and generate a three-dimensional color block map of the stockpile. S52. Use a three-dimensional color block map of the stockpile combined with the soil elevation value to represent the soil elevation of the stockpile. Step S7 includes: S71. Convert the original terrain of the stockpile and the terrain after the earthwork is stockpiled into a digital terrain model (DTM). S72. Set the center line of the storage engineering quantity output area on the storage yard model; S73. Select the centerline of the output area, set the width and elevation boundary conditions, and output the earthwork stockpile and material quantities of the area. S74. Output the material quantities for the intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filtration ponds in the output yard.

2. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for the stockpiling quality of earthwork dumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 includes: S61. Set the straight line on the stockyard model that needs to output the cross section; S62. Select a straight line to output the cross-sectional view of the earthwork stockpile.

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