Battery cell structure

Abstract

Belonging to the technical field of new energy batteries, the invention relates to a battery cell structure, which comprises a hollow battery cell shell, a battery cell monomer accommodated in the battery cell shell and a pole assembly hermetically assembled on the battery cell shell, and the battery cell shell is provided with an explosion-proof structure. The explosion-proof structure and the pole assembly are respectively arranged on different end surfaces of the battery shell, a bottom support is arranged between the explosion-proof structure and the battery cell monomers, a vent hole is formed in a position, corresponding to the explosion-proof structure, on the bottom support, and a supporting structure for dividing the vent hole and supporting the battery cell monomers is also arranged on the bottom support. When the battery cell is in thermal runaway, gas can be guided to be transmitted to the explosion-proof structure through the air vents, and the supporting structures are arranged at the air vents, so that the battery cell monomers can be further supported and are prevented from being heated and expanded to block the air vents, and the safety performance of the battery cell under the thermal runaway condition is further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, and in particular to a battery cell structure. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are widely used due to their high energy density, no memory effect, long single-cell cycle, high efficiency, cleanliness and pollution-free. Battery safety has always been a top priority for the industry. At the same time, batteries with good safety are more favored by the market. Major battery manufacturers and OEMs are also competing to design high-safety battery products and verify battery safety through rigorous thermal runaway tests.

[0003] As the battery's energy storage element, the battery cell will produce abnormal gas inside the shell due to factors such as the charger and the internal chemical reaction of the battery during use, causing excessive pressure inside the battery shell. If the internal pressure of the shell continues to increase, the internal pressure of the battery will be too high, resulting in a battery explosion. Battery explosions can damage electronic products at the least and injure users at the worst. In addition, for large batteries, such as those used in new energy vehicles, buses, and energy storage power stations, battery explosions directly threaten people's lives and property.

[0004] To this end, when the internal pressure of the battery is too high, in order to prevent the battery from exploding, the pressure inside the battery shell needs to be leaked. The traditional explosion-proof method is to set a bursting disc on the battery cover. When the internal pressure of the battery is too high, the pressure is released through the bursting disc. Later, in order to ensure that after the thermal runaway of the on-board battery system, the heat dissipated after the explosion-proof valve is opened will not be immediately transmitted to the passenger compartment, the position of the explosion-proof valve is transferred from the cover to the side of the shell in this scenario. However, this also brings new problems, that is, after the stacked core thermal runaway, it will resist the explosion-proof valve due to heat expansion, resulting in the inability of the internal gas of the battery cell to be transmitted to the explosion-proof valve in time, increasing the risk of battery cell structure failure.

[0005] For this purpose, the Chinese utility model authorization announcement number is CN221447359U, the application date is November 20, 2023, and the patent titled "Battery Cell Support Bracket, Battery Cell Shell and Battery" discloses a technical solution that increases exhaust efficiency and further ensures the safety performance of the battery cell by setting a bracket between the stacked core and the shell, and opening a hole in the bracket to guide the gas to the explosion-proof valve. However, this solution opens an exhaust hole on the bracket corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve. When the stacked core expands due to heat, there is still a risk that the expanded part of the stacked core will pass through the exhaust hole and resist the explosion-proof valve. In addition, this solution uses a bracket made of PP material, which will melt and lose its support effect under the influence of high temperature and internal pressure, thereby further aggravating the thermal runaway of the battery. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Problems to be solved

[0007] With regard to the technical solution of setting a bottom support in the prior art, there is still a risk that when the stacked core expands due to heat, the expanded part of the stacked core passes through the exhaust hole and hits the explosion-proof valve. The present invention provides a battery cell structure that can more reliably ensure that there is sufficient exhaust space between the stacked core that expands due to heat and the explosion-proof valve, thereby more effectively ensuring that the explosion-proof valve can explode in time when the battery cell fails due to heat, so as to ensure the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0008] 2. Technical solution

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0010] A battery cell structure includes a hollow battery cell shell, a battery cell unit housed in the battery cell shell, and a pole assembly sealed and assembled on the battery cell shell, the battery cell shell is provided with an explosion-proof structure, the explosion-proof structure and the pole assembly are respectively arranged on different end faces of the battery cell shell, a base is arranged between the explosion-proof structure and the battery cell unit, a vent is provided on the base corresponding to the explosion-proof structure, and a support structure is also arranged on the base to divide the vent and support the battery cell unit. When the battery cell is in thermal runaway, the gas can be guided to be transferred to the explosion-proof structure through the vent, and the support structure is arranged at the vent, which can further support the battery cell unit to prevent the battery cell unit from expanding due to heat and blocking the vent, thereby further ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell in the case of thermal runaway.

[0011] Furthermore, the vent is divided into at least a transverse exhaust channel and a longitudinal exhaust channel, the transverse exhaust channel and the longitudinal exhaust channel are separated by a supporting structure, and the transverse exhaust channel and the longitudinal exhaust channel are both connected to the explosion-proof structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery cell includes a contact surface in contact with the base, and other non-contact surfaces that are not in contact with the base, the transverse exhaust channel is used to receive gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell, and the longitudinal exhaust channel is connected to the gap space formed between the non-contact surface of the battery cell and the battery cell shell, and is used to receive gas discharged from the contact surface and non-contact surface of the battery cell.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse exhaust channel includes a first connecting groove arranged opposite to the explosion-proof structure, and also includes a second connecting groove connected to the first connecting groove and extending along the transverse direction of the base, for receiving the gas discharged from the exhaust holes distributed on the contact surface of the battery cell monomer. In the longitudinal direction, the width of the second connecting groove is smaller than that of the first connecting groove.

[0014] Preferably, the support structure includes at least two support parts extending from one side of the base to the other side in the longitudinal direction, and the two support parts are cross-arranged, and the intersection has a connection support point to form two sets of opposite transverse exhaust channels and longitudinal exhaust channels. Preferably, the roots and tops of the two support parts are hollow structures to form air inlets for the transverse exhaust channels. Preferably, the angle of the cross-connection of the two support parts corresponding to the longitudinal exhaust channel is greater than the angle of the cross-connection of the two support parts. Specifically, the cross-connection of the two support parts forms an angle a corresponding to the longitudinal exhaust channel and an angle b corresponding to the transverse exhaust channel, and the angle of angle a is greater than the angle b.

[0015] Furthermore, the vent is a rectangular trough as a whole, having two lateral sides and a longitudinal side, with a connecting angle between adjacent lateral sides and longitudinal sides, and the roots and tops of the two supporting parts are both located on the two lateral sides, and the distance between the root or top of any supporting part and the nearest connecting angle is greater than the distance between it and the perpendicular midline of the lateral side.

[0016] Furthermore, both ends of the base bracket in the lateral direction have inclined guide surfaces facing the battery cell monomer side, and the corresponding base bracket end surfaces are flush with the battery cell shell end surfaces, which can play a guiding role when inserting the base bracket. The corresponding base bracket end surfaces are flush with the battery cell shell end surfaces, which can help position the base bracket when installing it.

[0017] Furthermore, the base is made of aluminum, and is provided with inwardly recessed notches at both ends of the inclined guide surface. Spot welding connecting parts are provided at the notches, which can prevent the welding points formed during the spot welding process from affecting the sealing packaging of the battery cover and the battery shell.

[0018] 3. Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The battery cell structure provided by the present invention has a base inserted between the battery cell shell and the battery cell body, and a vent is provided on the base. When the battery cell is in thermal runaway, the gas can be guided to pass through the vent to the explosion-proof structure. A supporting structure is provided at the vent to further support the battery cell monomer, thereby preventing the battery cell monomer from expanding due to heat and clogging the vent, thereby further ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell in the event of thermal runaway.

[0021] (2) The battery cell structure provided by the present invention divides the vent into a transverse exhaust channel and a longitudinal exhaust channel through a supporting structure. The gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell is transmitted through the transverse exhaust channel, and the gas emitted from the non-contact surface and contact surface of the battery cell is transmitted through the longitudinal exhaust channel. In this way, the gas generated by the heating of the battery cell can be fully transported to the explosion-proof structure, thereby fully ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell in the event of thermal runaway.

[0022] (3) The battery cell structure provided by the present invention sets the transverse exhaust channel as a first connecting groove and a second connecting groove. The second connecting groove extends along the transverse direction of the base, and can fully receive the gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell, thereby guiding the gas to the first connecting groove and the explosion-proof structure. In the longitudinal direction, the width of the second connecting groove is smaller than that of the first connecting groove, which can ensure that the base has sufficient structural strength.

[0023] (4) The cell structure provided by the present invention has a hollow structure between the root and the top of the two supporting parts to form an air inlet for the transverse exhaust channel. The gas discharged from the non-contact surface of the cell unit can be transmitted through the gap between the cell unit and the cell shell, and finally enters the transverse exhaust channel through the air inlet and is transported to the explosion-proof structure, thereby more efficiently achieving exhaust in the event of thermal runaway of the cell and improving safety.

[0024] (5) In the battery cell structure provided by the present invention, the roots and tops of the two support parts are located on two lateral sides, and the distance between the root or top of any support part and the nearest connection angle is greater than the distance between it and the perpendicular midline of the lateral side, which can further enhance the structural strength of the support structure and avoid compression deformation and damage to the support structure.

[0025] (6) The battery cell structure provided by the present invention has inclined guide surfaces on both ends of the base in the lateral direction facing the battery cell, which can play a guiding role when inserting the base. The corresponding end faces of the base and the end faces of the battery cell shell are flush, which can help position the base when installing it.

[0026] (7) The battery cell structure provided by the present invention adopts an aluminum base, which can avoid the disadvantage that plastic materials are easily melted and deformed when heated or pressurized and lose their supporting effect. There is no need to fix the base to the battery cell by a hot-melt film. Instead, the battery cell only needs to be inserted into the battery shell, and then the base is inserted into the gap between the battery cell and the battery shell, and then the base is fixed to the battery shell by spot welding. In addition, the present invention provides an inwardly recessed notch at the end face of the base to form a spot welding connection, which can avoid the protrusion of the weld point formed during the spot welding process affecting the sealing package of the battery cover and the battery shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 : is the internal structure diagram of the battery cell structure in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust flow direction of the bottom support in the battery cell structure in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the base and the battery cell housing in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the base in this embodiment.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1. Battery cell shell; 2. Explosion-proof structure; 3. Bottom support; 31. Inclined guide surface; 32. Notch; 33. Spot welding connection; 4. Vent; 41. Horizontal exhaust channel; 411. First connecting groove; 412. Second connecting groove; 42. Longitudinal exhaust channel; 5. Support structure; 51. Support part; 511. Root; 512. Top; 52. Connection support point; 53. Horizontal side; 54. Longitudinal side; 55. Connection angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0034] In the prior art, such as the Chinese patents with authorization announcement numbers CN221447359U and CN216563418U, both disclose technical solutions for increasing exhaust efficiency and further ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell by setting a base between the core stack and the shell and opening a hole on the base to guide the gas to the explosion-proof valve. However, these technical solutions all open exhaust holes on the base corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve. When the core stack expands due to heat, there is still a risk that the expanded part of the core stack passes through the exhaust hole and presses against the explosion-proof valve. In addition, the base of the PP material used in this solution will melt and lose its supporting effect under the influence of high temperature and internal pressure, thereby further aggravating the thermal runaway of the battery. In addition, in order to fully transmit the gas, these technical solutions set bosses on the base body of the base in an attempt to retain a larger gap space between the stacked core and the base. However, when the stacked core expands, its expanded part may still pass through the exhaust hole and press against the explosion-proof valve, thereby causing the explosion-proof valve to fail to explode and aggravating the thermal runaway of the battery. In addition, setting a boss on the base will cause the overall structure of the base to occupy more battery space, which is not conducive to the compactness of the battery structure and is not conducive to maximizing the battery capacity.

[0035] To this end, the present invention provides a battery core structure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes a battery cell shell 1, which is a hollow structure, in which a battery cell monomer is inserted or accommodated. The battery cell monomer can be a stacked core structure, and also includes a pole assembly sealed and assembled on the battery cell shell 1. Similar to or the same as the prior art, an explosion-proof structure 2 is provided on the battery cell shell 1, wherein the explosion-proof structure 2 and the pole assembly are respectively arranged on different end surfaces of the battery cell shell 1. The explosion-proof structure 2 can be an explosion-proof valve arranged on the battery cell shell 1. In a possible embodiment, a sink groove is opened on the outer side of the battery cell shell 1, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the sink groove.

[0036] In order to prevent the thermally expanded battery cells from clogging the explosion-proof structure 2 and aggravating thermal runaway, a bottom support 3 is provided between the explosion-proof structure 2 and the battery cells in this embodiment, and a vent 4 is provided on the bottom support 3 corresponding to the explosion-proof structure 2, thereby blocking the explosion-proof structure 2 and the battery cells. The gas discharged from the battery cells can pass through the vent 4 to reach the explosion-proof structure 2, thereby increasing the heat conduction space and ensuring the explosion-proof effect of the explosion-proof structure 2. In order to further prevent the thermally expanded part of the battery cells from passing through the vent 4 to further block the explosion-proof structure 2, a support structure 5 that divides the vent 4 and supports the battery cells is further provided on the bottom support 3 in this embodiment, thereby ensuring that the gas discharged from the battery cells can reach the explosion-proof structure 2 through the vent 4, and the battery cells can be supported by the support structure 5, thereby preventing the thermally expanded part of the battery cells from passing through the vent to squeeze the explosion-proof structure 2, thereby further ensuring the safety performance of the battery. In a possible embodiment, the support structure 5 can be a structure of any shape covering the vent, and it only needs to support the battery cell while ensuring that the gas passes through the vent. The support structure 5 can be integrally formed with the base 3, or fixed together by welding, gluing, screw connection, or the like.

[0037] The battery cell structure provided in this embodiment has a base support 3 inserted between the battery cell shell 1 and the battery cell body, and a vent 4 is provided on the base support 3. When the battery cell thermally runs away, the gas can be guided to pass through the vent 4 to the explosion-proof structure 2, and a support structure 5 is provided at the vent 4 to further support the battery cell monomer and prevent the battery cell monomer from expanding due to heat and clogging the vent 4, thereby further ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell in the event of thermal runaway.

[0038] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to fully guide the gas discharged from the battery cell to the vent 4 and the explosion-proof structure 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the vent 4 is divided into at least a transverse exhaust channel 41 and a longitudinal exhaust channel 42, and the transverse exhaust channel 41 and the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 are separated by a support structure 5, and both the transverse exhaust channel 41 and the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 are connected to the explosion-proof structure 2. Specifically, the battery cell includes a contact surface in contact with the bottom bracket 3 and other non-contact surfaces that are not in contact with the bottom bracket 3. The transverse exhaust channel 41 extends in the transverse direction of the battery cell shell 1 and directly abuts against the contact surface of the battery cell. It can directly receive the gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell and transmit it to the explosion-proof structure 2. Since the bottom bracket 3 abuts against the battery cell, the gas generated by other non-contact surfaces of the battery cell cannot pass through the transverse exhaust channel 41. For this reason, the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 provided in this embodiment is connected to the gap space formed between the non-contact surface of the battery cell and the battery cell shell 1, thereby receiving the gas discharged from the non-contact surface of the battery cell. At the same time, it is also in contact with the contact surface of the battery cell, so it can also receive the gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the direction in which the battery cell casing 1 is inserted into the battery cell unit is regarded as the transverse direction, and the direction perpendicular thereto is regarded as the longitudinal direction.

[0039] It should also be noted that when the base 3 cannot completely cover the contact surface of the battery cell, the contact surface of the battery cell that is not in contact with the base 3 or cannot transmit gas through the transverse exhaust channel 41 can be exhausted through the longitudinal exhaust channel 42.

[0040] In this embodiment, the vent 4 is divided into a transverse exhaust channel 41 and a longitudinal exhaust channel 42 by the support structure 5. The gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell is transmitted through the transverse exhaust channel 41, and the gas emitted from the non-contact surface and contact surface of the battery cell is transmitted through the longitudinal exhaust channel 42. Therefore, the gas generated by the heating of the battery cell can be fully transported to the explosion-proof structure 2, and the safety performance of the battery cell in the event of thermal runaway can be fully guaranteed.

[0041] In the existing battery cell structure, a plurality of exhaust holes are provided on the side where the battery cell monomer contacts the bottom bracket 3. In order to match and receive the gas from the plurality of exhaust holes on the contact surface of the battery cell monomer, the transverse exhaust channel 41 in this embodiment includes a first connecting groove 411 arranged opposite to the explosion-proof structure 2, and also includes a second connecting groove 412 connected to the first connecting groove 411 and extending in the transverse direction of the bottom bracket 3, which is used to receive the gas discharged from the exhaust holes distributed on the contact surface of the battery cell monomer. In the longitudinal direction, the width of the second connecting groove 412 is smaller than the first connecting groove 411. In this embodiment, the transverse exhaust channel 41 is configured as the first connecting groove 411 and the second connecting groove 412. The second connecting groove 412 extends in the transverse direction of the bottom bracket, and can fully receive the gas discharged from the contact surface of the battery cell monomer, thereby guiding the gas to the first connecting groove 411 and the explosion-proof structure 2. In the longitudinal direction, the width of the second connecting groove 412 is smaller than the first connecting groove 411, which can ensure that the bottom bracket 3 has sufficient structural strength.

[0042] In a possible embodiment, the support structure 5 includes at least two support portions 51 extending from one side of the bottom support 3 to the other side in the longitudinal direction. The two support portions 51 are cross-arranged, and a connection support point 52 is provided at the intersection to form two sets of opposite transverse exhaust channels 41 and longitudinal exhaust channels 42. In order to ensure that the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 is connected to the gap space formed between the non-contact surface of the battery cell and the battery cell shell 1, the root 511 and the top 512 of the two support portions 51 in this embodiment are both hollow structures to form the air inlet of the transverse exhaust channel 41, which can ensure that the gas in these gap spaces can be transported to the explosion-proof structure 2 through the transverse exhaust channel 41. In a possible embodiment, two rod-shaped or strip-shaped support portions 51 cross to form an X-shaped structure, and the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 and the part of the transverse exhaust channel 41 close to the connection support point 52 are triangular in shape as a whole.

[0043] In order to ensure the structural strength of the support structure 5, in a possible embodiment, the angle of the cross-connection of the support portion 51 corresponding to the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 is greater than the angle of the cross-connection corresponding to the transverse exhaust channel 41. Specifically, the cross-connection of the two support portions 51 forms an angle a corresponding to the longitudinal exhaust channel 42 and an angle b corresponding to the transverse exhaust channel 41, and the angle of angle a is greater than angle b. Further, the vent 4 is a rectangular trough as a whole, having two transverse sides 53 and a longitudinal side 54, and a connection angle 55 is provided between adjacent transverse sides 53 and longitudinal sides 54. The roots 511 and tops 512 of the two support portions 51 are both located on the two transverse sides 53, and the distance between the root 511 or top 512 of any support portion 51 and the closest connection angle 55 is greater than the distance between it and the perpendicular line of the transverse side 53. In this way, the structural strength of the support structure 5 is further strengthened to prevent the support structure 5 from being deformed or damaged by pressure.

[0044] The base support 3 structure in the prior art is usually made of plastic material, which is fixed to the battery cell by a hot-melt film, and then the fixed battery cell and base support 3 are installed together in the battery cell shell 1. However, the base support 3 in this solution will melt and lose its supporting effect under the influence of high temperature and internal pressure, so that the battery cell further blocks the explosion-proof structure, thereby further aggravating the thermal runaway of the battery. For this reason, the base support 3 in this embodiment is made of aluminum. After the battery cell is inserted into the battery cell shell 1, the base support 3 is directly inserted into the gap between the battery cell and the battery cell shell 1, and then fixed in the battery cell shell 1 by spot welding. In order to facilitate the insertion of the base support 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, inclined guide surfaces 31 are also provided on both ends of the bottom bracket 3 in the transverse direction facing the battery cell monomer, and the corresponding end surfaces of the bottom bracket 3 are flush with the end surfaces of the battery cell shell 1. The inclined guide surfaces 31 can play a guiding role when inserting the bottom bracket 3, and the corresponding end surfaces of the bottom bracket 3 are flush with the end surfaces of the battery cell shell 1, which can help position the bottom bracket when installing it.

[0045] When the base support 3 and the cell shell 1 are welded by spot welding, it is found that the protrusions at the welding points formed by spot welding are likely to hinder the sealing of the end cover to the cell shell 1. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 3 is provided with inwardly recessed notches 32 at both ends of the inclined guide surface 31, and spot welding connecting parts 33 are provided at the notches 32, so as to avoid the welding points formed during the spot welding process from affecting the sealing packaging of the battery cover and the battery shell 1.

[0046] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this patent.

[0047] In this patent, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the specification only describe the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which should fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery cell structure, comprising a hollow battery cell shell (1), a battery cell monomer housed in the battery cell shell (1) and a pole assembly sealed and assembled on the battery cell shell (1), wherein the battery cell shell (1) is provided with an explosion-proof structure (2), and the explosion-proof structure (2) and the pole assembly are respectively arranged on different end surfaces of the battery cell shell (1), characterized in that: A base (3) is provided between the explosion-proof structure (2) and the battery cell; a vent (4) is provided on the base (3) at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof structure (2); and a support structure (5) is also provided on the base (3) that divides the vent (4) and is used to support the battery cell.

2. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent (4) is at least divided into a transverse exhaust channel (41) and a longitudinal exhaust channel (42), the transverse exhaust channel (41) and the longitudinal exhaust channel (42) are separated by a supporting structure (5), and the transverse exhaust channel (41) and the longitudinal exhaust channel (42) are both connected to the explosion-proof structure (2).

3. The battery cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell monomer comprises a contact surface in contact with the base (3) and other non-contact surfaces not in contact with the base (3); the transverse exhaust channel (41) is used to receive gas exhausted from the contact surface of the battery cell monomer; the longitudinal exhaust channel (42) is connected to the gap space formed between the non-contact surface of the battery cell monomer and the battery cell shell (1) and is used to receive gas exhausted from the contact surface and non-contact surface of the battery cell monomer.

4. The battery cell structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transverse exhaust channel (41) comprises a first connecting groove (411) arranged opposite to the explosion-proof structure (2), and also comprises a second connecting groove (412) connected to the first connecting groove (411) and extending in the transverse direction of the base (3), and is used to receive gas discharged from exhaust holes distributed on the contact surface of the battery cell monomer, and in the longitudinal direction, the width of the second connecting groove (412) is smaller than that of the first connecting groove (411).

5. The battery cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support structure (5) comprises at least two support portions (51) extending from one side of the base (3) to the other side in the longitudinal direction, the two support portions (51) being arranged crosswise, and having a connecting support point (52) at the intersection, so as to form two groups of opposite transverse exhaust channels (41) and longitudinal exhaust channels (42).

6. The battery cell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (511) and the top (512) of the two support parts (51) are both hollow structures to form an air inlet of the transverse exhaust channel (41).

7. The battery cell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-connection of the two support portions (51) forms an angle a corresponding to the longitudinal exhaust channel (42) and an angle b corresponding to the transverse exhaust channel (41), and the angle a is greater than the angle b.

8. The battery cell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vent (4) is in the form of a rectangular trough as a whole, and has two transverse sides (53) and a longitudinal side (54). A connecting angle (55) is provided between adjacent transverse sides (53) and longitudinal sides (54). The roots (511) and the tops (512) of the two support portions (51) are both located on the two transverse sides (53). The distance between the root (511) or the top (512) of any support portion (51) and the nearest connecting angle (55) is greater than the distance between the root (511) or the top (512) of any support portion (51) and the perpendicular line of the transverse side (53).

9. The battery core structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Both ends of the base bracket (3) in the transverse direction face the battery cell monomer and have inclined guide surfaces (31), and the corresponding end surfaces of the base bracket (3) are flush with the end surfaces of the battery cell shell (1).

10. The battery core structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The base bracket (3) is made of aluminum. The base bracket (3) is provided with inwardly recessed notches (32) at both ends of the inclined guide surface (31), and spot welding connecting portions (33) are provided at the notches (32).

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