Energy sink vibration reduction and energy capture device and method based on piecewise nonlinear force

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of energy sink vibration damping and energy trapping device and method based on segmented nonlinear force, it is related to vibration control and energy collection technical field, device includes vibration conversion unit, collision energy trapping unit, nonlinear conversion component and energy collection unit, vibration conversion unit includes substrate, first vertical plate and cantilever beam;Collision energy trapping unit includes frame, horizontal acquisition unit and vertical acquisition unit, horizontal acquisition unit is connected at the other end of cantilever beam, vertical acquisition unit includes first charge acquisition module, first energy acquisition module, second charge acquisition module and second energy acquisition module;Energy collection unit is used to collect and store charge energy on cantilever beam, first charge acquisition module, first energy acquisition module, second charge acquisition module and second energy acquisition module.This method improves and broadens the efficiency and working frequency band of existing vibration damping and energy trapping technology by multiple energy trapping unit cooperation and custom segmented nonlinear force structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vibration control and energy harvesting, in particular to an energy trap vibration reduction and energy harvesting device and method based on segmented non-linear force. BACKGROUND

[0002] The non-linear energy trap is a passive control technology and can achieve targeted energy transmission. The non-linear energy trap device mainly obtains a non-linear restoring force through a spring, a magnet, a buckling beam, rotation, and linear stiffness superposition, which can quickly transmit the vibration energy of the main structure to the oscillator through the non-linear stiffness, and the oscillator dissipates the energy through damping, so that the vibration energy does not return to the main structure, thereby achieving vibration reduction of the main structure. The non-linear energy trap passive energy dissipation device has the advantages of light weight, strong robustness, wide vibration reduction frequency band, etc., and is widely used and promoted in various actual engineering vibration reduction fields.

[0003] In the prior art, the non-linear energy trap with non-smooth characteristics such as collision and variable stiffness has better vibration reduction and stability performance than the non-linear energy trap with smooth characteristics, but the limitations of existing design, experiment and analysis methods make the development and application of the non-smooth non-linear energy trap technology in most specific engineering scenarios (such as ocean drilling) have great limitations.

[0004] In addition, the use of related batteries as a power supply method faces problems such as short service life, difficult maintenance, and environmental pollution, while the use of vibration energy harvesting technology to convert vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy and store it has the advantages of self-power supply, green environmental protection, etc., and is receiving more and more attention.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110071661B discloses a low-frequency and wide-band multi-modal array energy harvesting device, which comprises a base and four piezoelectric energy recovery modules. The piezoelectric energy recovery modules are arranged in four, and each piezoelectric energy recovery module is fixed horizontally on the base through the mounting hole on the base. The piezoelectric energy recovery module comprises a first L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, a second L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, a mass block, a piezoelectric material, and a self-adaptive frequency modulation module. The frequency modulation base is perpendicular to the two side faces of the near base end face, and the middle insertion interface and the end insertion interface are arranged on the two side faces. The middle insertion interface is arranged in the middle of the side face of the frequency modulation base, and the end insertion interface is arranged on the side of the side face of the frequency modulation base away from the near base end. The end insertion interface is used for inserting the first L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, and the middle insertion interface is used for inserting the second L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam. The device has low-frequency vibration collection capability, wide-band vibration collection capability, and large energy output power, and has small volume.

[0006] However, the piezoelectric energy recovery device structure is not compact enough, the energy output still needs to be improved, and the device working efficiency needs to be further improved.

[0007] Therefore, how to efficiently and stably collect various forms of energy from the environment to replace traditional batteries is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the technical problems of the existing electric energy recovery device structure being not compact enough, the energy output needing to be improved, and the device working efficiency needing to be further improved, the purpose of the present application is to provide an energy sink vibration damping and energy trapping device and method based on segmented nonlinear force, so as to broaden the working frequency band and collect and convert vibration energy from different directions, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of vibration damping and energy trapping.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the first purpose of the present application is to provide an energy sink vibration damping and energy trapping device based on segmented nonlinear force, which comprises:

[0010] A vibration conversion unit comprising a base plate connected to a vibration part of an engineering device, a first vertical plate connected vertically to one end of the base plate, and a cantilever beam arranged horizontally above the base plate, one end of the cantilever beam being connected to the first vertical plate;

[0011] A collision energy trapping unit comprising a frame connected to the upper surface of one side of the base plate, and a horizontal collection unit and a vertical collection unit connected horizontally and vertically inside the frame, the horizontal collection unit being connected to the other end of the cantilever beam, wherein:

[0012] The vertical collection unit comprises a first charge collection module and a first energy collection module connected to the top inside the frame, and a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module connected to the bottom inside the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module;

[0013] The vibration of the engineering device is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam, the horizontal collection unit is driven by vibration and sequentially undergoes elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, and then moves reversely;

[0014] A nonlinear conversion assembly is arranged on the side of the horizontal collection unit away from the vibration conversion unit, and the nonlinear conversion assembly is adapted to convert the motion of the horizontal collection unit into continuous segmented nonlinear motion;

[0015] An energy collecting unit for collecting and storing the electric charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first electric charge collecting module, the first energy collecting module, the second electric charge collecting module and the second energy collecting module.

[0016] Preferably, the horizontal collecting unit comprises a roller connected to the free end of the cantilever beam through a connecting head and horizontal pre-compression springs connected to both sides of the roller, one end of the horizontal pre-compression springs away from the roller being fixedly connected to the frame.

[0017] Preferably, the first electric charge collecting module comprises a first vertical spring connected to the top end of the frame, a first cylindrical barrel sleeved on the first vertical spring, a first collision plate horizontally connected to the bottom end of the first vertical spring, a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the first collision plate close to the horizontal collecting unit and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the first cylindrical barrel close to the horizontal collecting unit, the top end of the first cylindrical barrel being fixedly connected to the frame.

[0018] The roller is adapted to move in the vertical direction under the driving of the cantilever beam and elastically collide with the first collision plate, and the first collision plate is adapted to extrude the first vertical spring to continue to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical barrel.

[0019] Preferably, the second electric charge collecting module comprises a second vertical spring connected to the bottom end of the frame, a second cylindrical barrel sleeved on the second vertical spring, a second collision plate horizontally connected to the top end of the second vertical spring, a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the second collision plate close to the horizontal collecting unit and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the second cylindrical barrel close to the horizontal collecting unit, the bottom end of the second cylindrical barrel being fixedly connected to the frame.

[0020] The roller is adapted to move in the vertical direction under the driving of the cantilever beam and elastically collide with the second collision plate, and the second collision plate is adapted to extrude the second vertical spring to rigidly collide with the second cylindrical barrel.

[0021] Preferably, the first energy collecting module comprises a first cylindrical barrel-shaped magnet adhered to the inner wall of the first cylindrical barrel, a first cylindrical iron block penetrating the first vertical spring and a first coil sleeved on the outside of the first vertical spring, one end of the first cylindrical iron block close to the frame being fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the first coil close to the first collision plate being fixedly connected to the first collision plate, and the first cylindrical iron block being located on the central axis of the first coil.

[0022] Preferably, the second energy collection module comprises a second cylindrical magnet attached to the inner wall of the second cylindrical tube, a second cylindrical iron block arranged in the second vertical spring, and a second coil arranged outside the second vertical spring, the second cylindrical iron block is fixedly connected to the frame at one end close to the frame, the second coil is fixedly connected to the second impact plate at one end close to the second impact plate, and the second cylindrical iron block is located on the central axis of the second coil.

[0023] Preferably, the non-linear conversion assembly comprises a second vertical plate vertically connected to one end of the base plate away from the first vertical plate, a third pre-pressing spring horizontally connected to the second vertical plate, a third cylindrical tube arranged outside the third pre-pressing spring, a fourth cylindrical tube arranged in the third cylindrical tube through ball sliding, and a raceway vertically connected to one end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the third pre-pressing spring, and the other end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the raceway is connected to the free end of the third pre-pressing spring.

[0024] The roller is closely attached to the raceway and is adapted to roll in the raceway.

[0025] Preferably, the energy collection unit comprises piezoelectric composite material arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam and an energy storage circuit, and the energy storage circuit is connected to the piezoelectric composite material, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic through wires respectively.

[0026] Preferably, the lower end surface of the base plate and the frame is fixedly connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment through a plurality of screws respectively.

[0027] The second object of the present application is to provide a vibration damping and energy capturing method of an energy sink vibration damping and energy capturing device based on segmented non-linear force, the vibration damping and energy capturing method comprising the steps of:

[0028] Step S 100 After the cantilever beam, the non-linear conversion assembly and the impact energy capturing unit are connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment through the base plate, the roller connected to the cantilever beam is driven to have an initial speed and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal pre-pressing spring;

[0029] Step S 200 During the movement, when the horizontal pre-pressing spring returns to the original length, the roller reverses the movement after the elastic collision and the rigid collision between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module in turn;

[0030] Step S 300The first charge collection module, the second charge collection module and the cantilever beam are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, and then continuously accumulate electric charges; at the same time, the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module realize magnetic-electric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction action of the magnet and the coil.

[0031] Step S 400 The energy collection unit collects the electric charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on segmented non-linear force in the application is composed of a vibration conversion unit, a collision energy harvesting unit, a non-linear conversion component and an energy collection unit. The vibration conversion unit is used to convert the vibration energy of the engineering equipment into mechanical energy. The vibration conversion unit is composed of a base plate, a first vertical plate and a cantilever beam. The base plate is fixed on the vibration source. The first vertical plate and the cantilever beam constitute a lever system. The horizontal vibration of the cantilever beam transmits the vibration energy to the collision energy harvesting unit. The collision energy harvesting unit is used to receive the vibration energy from the cantilever beam. The collision energy harvesting unit is composed of a frame, a horizontal collection unit and a vertical collection unit. The frame is used to provide mounting support for the horizontal collection unit and the vertical collection unit. The horizontal collection unit is connected horizontally inside the frame. The vertical collection unit is connected vertically inside the frame. The horizontal collection unit is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam. In addition, the vertical collection unit is composed of a first charge collection module, a first energy collection module, a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module. The first charge collection module and the first energy collection module are connected to the top inside of the frame. The second charge collection module and the second energy collection module are connected to the bottom inside of the frame. The horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module. In this way, the vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam. The horizontal collection unit is driven by the vibration to sequentially undergo elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, and then moves reversely. The non-linear conversion component is arranged on the side of the horizontal collection unit away from the vibration conversion unit. The non-linear conversion component is used to convert the motion of the horizontal collection unit into continuous segmented non-linear motion. The horizontal collection unit undergoes elastic collision and rigid collision with the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module during vertical vibration. The collision process is transformed into non-linearity due to the action of the non-linear conversion component. During the collision process, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. This conversion is mainly realized based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic on the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, i.e. the piezoelectric ceramic generates electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit is used to collect and store the electric charge energy generated during the vibration conversion and collision process. At the same time, the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module cut the magnetic induction lines based on the relative position change of the coil and the magnet during the collision process, and can realize the conversion of magneto-electric energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction, and collect and store the energy through the energy collection unit. Thus, the vibration reduction and energy harvesting device can not only reduce the vibration of the engineering equipment and improve the stability and service life of the equipment by converting the vibration energy into electrical energy. On the other hand, the device can convert the originally wasted vibration energy into usable electrical energy, realizing the reuse of energy. In addition, the design of the non-linear energy sink makes the device have good adaptability to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies. Under different vibration conditions, the device can collect vibration energy in different directions, improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0034] 2、The vibration of the engineering equipment is first transmitted to the cantilever beam through the base plate, and the cantilever beam converts the vibration into the vibration of the horizontal collection unit. The horizontal collection unit elastically collides and rigidly collides with the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module during the vertical vibration process. Since the collision process is nonlinear, the response of the collision depends not only on the strength of the collision, but also on factors such as the collision sequence and speed. During the collision process, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, and this conversion is mainly based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic on the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, that is, the piezoelectric ceramic generates an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit is responsible for collecting and storing the electric energy generated by the vibration conversion and the collision process. The vibration energy is converted into electrical energy by the vibration energy harvesting device, which not only reduces the vibration of the engineering equipment and improves the stability and service life of the equipment. On the other hand, the device can convert the otherwise wasted vibration energy into usable electrical energy, achieving energy reuse.

[0035] 3、Through the combination of the roller, the customized track, the third cylindrical barrel, the fourth cylindrical barrel, the ball and the third pre-compression spring, a continuous segmented nonlinear force can be provided and customized for the non-smooth nonlinear energy trap mechanism. When the roller moves up and down along the customized track, the nonlinear conversion assembly generates a customized nonlinear force, and the type and size of the force depend on the personalized structural shape of the customized track. The nonlinear conversion assembly provides nonlinear factors for the nonlinear energy trap, which determines the compact reliability of the device, relatively improves the design space utilization, and overall widens the working frequency band. In addition, the design of the nonlinear energy trap makes the device have good adaptability to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies, and can collect vibration energy in different directions under different vibration conditions, improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0036] 4、By introducing and combining elastic and rigid collisions, the stiffness of the device changes in segments, widening the working frequency band of vibration reduction and energy harvesting.

[0037] 5、The device attaches stacked piezoelectric ceramics to the energy collection unit of the elastic and rigid collision surface, and attaches piezoelectric composite materials to the energy collection unit of the cantilever beam, and adds a corresponding plurality of external energy storage circuits, which can realize the cooperative conversion of multiple energy collection units for power supply and effectively improve the working efficiency of the device.

[0038] 6、The device has good robustness, can harvest energy in a wide frequency range, and can also passively control harmful vibrations through the non-smooth nonlinear energy trap to protect the main equipment, can meet more engineering application scenarios, and can greatly improve the efficiency of vibration reduction and energy harvesting to achieve the integration of vibration reduction and energy harvesting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an energy trap vibration damping and energy harvesting device based on segmented non-linear force in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A structure schematic diagram of a collision energy harvesting unit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of a non-linear conversion assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of a first charge collection module and a first energy collection module in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module in the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 6 A flow schematic diagram of a vibration damping and energy harvesting method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Legend of reference signs:

[0046] 1-vibration conversion unit; 11-substrate; 111-screw; 12-first vertical plate; 13-cantilever beam;

[0047] 2-collision energy harvesting unit;

[0048] 21-frame;

[0049] 22-horizontal collection unit; 221-roller; 2211-connection head; 222-horizontal pre-pressing spring;

[0050] 23-vertical collection unit;

[0051] 231-first charge collection module; 2311-first vertical spring; 2312-first cylindrical cylinder; 2313-first collision plate; 2314-first stacked piezoelectric ceramic; 2315-second stacked piezoelectric ceramic;

[0052] 232-first energy collection module; 2321-first cylindrical cylinder-shaped magnet; 2322-first cylindrical iron block; 2323-first coil;

[0053] 233-second charge collection module; 2331-second vertical spring; 2332-second cylindrical cylinder; 2333-second collision plate; 2334-third stacked piezoelectric ceramic; 2335-fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic;

[0054] 234-second energy collection module; 2341-second cylindrical cylinder-shaped magnet; 2342-second cylindrical iron block; 2343-second coil;

[0055] 3-nonlinear conversion component;

[0056] 31-second vertical plate; 32-third pre-pressing spring; 33-third cylinder; 34-rail; 35-fourth cylinder; 36-rolling ball;

[0057] 4-energy collection unit; 41-piezoelectric composite material; 42-wire; 43-energy storage loop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements; it can be wireless connection, or wired connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0061] In the prior art, due to the increase of tonnage of various large-scale engineering equipment, the increase of power of main engine and the lightening of main structure, etc., the vibration problem of the equipment is increasingly prominent. Vibration exceeding a certain limit will inevitably cause great damage to the human body, the equipment itself and the precise monitoring and sensing instruments thereon.

[0062] Vibration control technology mainly includes passive control and active control, which reduces the vibration energy transmitted from the vibration source to the main body through damping, vibration absorption, vibration isolation, etc. Active control will cause high cost and high energy consumption, while passive control has the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance and good economy because it only reduces the vibration of the structure by adding energy-consuming devices and does not need external energy input.

[0063] Nonlinear energy sink with non-smooth characteristics such as collision and variable stiffness has better vibration reduction and stability performance than smooth nonlinear energy sink, so nonlinear energy sink is widely used and promoted in the field of vibration reduction in various practical engineering.

[0064] However, the limitations of existing designs, experiments and analysis methods make the development and application of non-smooth nonlinear energy well technology in most specific engineering scenarios (such as ocean drilling) have great limitations.

[0065] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figures 1-5 The energy well vibration damping and energy trapping device based on segmented nonlinear force provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a vibration conversion unit 1, a collision energy trapping unit 2, a nonlinear conversion assembly 3 and an energy collection unit 4, wherein:

[0066] The vibration conversion unit 1 is used to convert the vibration energy of the engineering equipment into mechanical energy. In the embodiment, the vibration conversion unit 1 comprises a base plate 11, a first vertical plate 12 and a cantilever beam 13. The base plate 11 is connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment, the first vertical plate 12 is vertically connected to one end of the base plate 11, and the cantilever beam 13 is horizontally arranged above the base plate 11, with one end of the cantilever beam 13 connected to the first vertical plate 12. In this way, the base plate 11 is fixed to the vibration source, the first vertical plate 12 and the cantilever beam 13 form a lever system, and the horizontal vibration of the cantilever beam 13 transmits the vibration energy to the collision energy trapping unit 2.

[0067] The collision energy trapping unit 2 is used to receive the vibration energy from the cantilever beam 13. In the embodiment, the collision energy trapping unit 2 comprises a frame 21, a horizontal collection unit 22 and a vertical collection unit 23. The frame 21 is used to provide mounting support for the horizontal collection unit 22 and the vertical collection unit 23. The horizontal collection unit 22 is horizontally connected inside the frame 21, and the vertical collection unit 23 is vertically connected inside the frame 21. The horizontal collection unit 22 is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam 13.

[0068] Preferably, the vertical collection unit 23 comprises a first charge collection module 231, a first energy collection module 232, a second charge collection module 233 and a second energy collection module 234. The first charge collection module 231 and the first energy collection module 232 are connected to the inner top of the frame 21, the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234 are connected to the inner bottom of the frame 21, and the horizontal collection unit 22 is arranged between the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233.

[0069] The vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit 22 through the cantilever beam 13. The horizontal collection unit 22 is driven by the vibration to sequentially undergo elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233, and then reverses the motion.

[0070] The nonlinear conversion assembly 3 is arranged on the side of the horizontal collection unit 22 away from the vibration conversion unit 1, and is adapted to convert the movement of the horizontal collection unit 22 into continuous segmented nonlinear movement.

[0071] The energy collection unit 4 is used to collect and store the charge energy on the cantilever beam 13, the first charge collection module 231, the first energy collection module 232, the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234.

[0072] Specifically in this embodiment, the vibration of the engineering equipment is first transmitted to the cantilever beam 13 through the base plate 11, and the cantilever beam 13 converts these vibrations into the vibration of the horizontal collection unit 22, which elastically collides and rigidly collides with the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233 during vertical vibration. Since this collision process is nonlinear, it means that the response of the collision depends not only on the strength of the collision, but also on factors such as the order and speed of the collision.

[0073] During the collision process, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, and this conversion is mainly achieved based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic on the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233, that is, the piezoelectric ceramic generates an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit 4 is responsible for collecting and storing the charge energy generated during the vibration conversion and collision process.

[0074] At the same time, the first energy collection module 232 and the second energy collection module 234 cut the magnetic induction lines during the collision process due to the change in the relative position of the coil and the magnet, and based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the magneto-electric energy conversion can be realized, and the energy collection unit 4 is used to collect and store the energy.

[0075] Therefore, the vibration damping and energy trapping device can not only reduce the vibration of the engineering equipment and improve the stability and service life of the equipment by converting vibration energy into electrical energy, but also can convert the originally wasted vibration energy into usable electrical energy, realizing energy recycling.

[0076] In addition, it is particularly noted that the design of the nonlinear energy trap makes the device have good adaptability to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies, and under different vibration conditions, different direction vibration energy can be collected, improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0077] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the horizontal collection unit 22 includes a roller 221 and two horizontal pre-compression springs 222, and the two horizontal pre-compression springs 222 are respectively connected to the two sides of the roller 221, and the end of the horizontal pre-compression spring 222 away from the roller 221 is fixedly connected to the frame 21.

[0078] Specifically, the roller 221 is a core component of the horizontal acquisition unit 22, which responds to the vibration transmitted by the cantilever beam 13 through its mass. When the cantilever beam 13 is subjected to the vibration of the engineering equipment, the vibration is transmitted to the horizontal acquisition unit 22, and the horizontal pre-compression spring 222 provides the necessary elastic force for the roller 221 to vibrate freely inside the frame 21, and the pre-compression force and stiffness of the horizontal pre-compression spring 222 determine the frequency and amplitude of the vibration of the roller 221. The vibration of the roller 221 in the vertical direction, the strength and speed of the collision of the roller 221, and the collision of the first charge acquisition module 231 and the second charge acquisition module 233, which form elastic and rigid collisions according to the strength and speed of the collision, the kinetic energy of the roller 221 is converted into electrical energy during the collision process, and is realized through piezoelectric material or electromagnetic induction.

[0079] Further, please refer to Figure 1 、 2 As shown in the figure, the first charge acquisition module 231 includes a first vertical spring 2311, a first cylindrical barrel 2312, a first collision plate 2313, a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315, the top end of the first vertical spring 2311 is connected to the frame 21, the first cylindrical barrel 2312 is sleeved on the first vertical spring 2311, the first collision plate 2313 is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the first vertical spring 2311, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 is arranged on the side surface of the first collision plate 2313 close to the horizontal acquisition unit 22, the top end of the first cylindrical barrel 2312 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, and the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315 is arranged on the end surface of the first cylindrical barrel 2312 close to the horizontal acquisition unit 22.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment, the roller 221 is adapted to move in the vertical direction under the drive of the cantilever beam 13, the first vertical spring 2311 provides elastic force in the vertical direction, the roller 221 and the first collision plate 2313 have elastic collision in the vertical direction, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 on the surface of the first collision plate 2313 is extruded and deformed, and then accumulates electric charge due to the piezoelectric effect; the first collision plate 2313 continues to move and then has rigid collision with the first cylindrical barrel 2312, and similarly, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315 on the surface of the first cylindrical barrel 2312 is extruded and deformed, and then also accumulates electric charge due to the piezoelectric effect, so that the mechanical energy generated by the upward movement collision can be converted into electrical energy.

[0081] Therefore, the vibration of the cantilever beam 13 in the embodiment causes the roller 221 to move in the vertical direction and elastically collide with the first collision plate 2313, and the collision enables the first collision plate 2313 to obtain kinetic energy and further press the first vertical spring 2311, which is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the spring is compressed to contact the first cylindrical cylinder 2312, the potential energy is suddenly released, causing the first collision plate 2313 to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical cylinder 2312.

[0082] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 The first energy collection module 232 includes a first cylindrical magnet 2321, a first cylindrical iron block 2322, and a first coil 2323. The first cylindrical magnet 2321 is attached to the inner wall of the first cylindrical cylinder 2312. The first cylindrical iron block 2322 is arranged in the first vertical spring 2311. The first coil 2323 is arranged outside the first vertical spring 2311. One end of the first cylindrical iron block 2322 close to the frame 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 21. One end of the first coil 2323 close to the first collision plate 2313 is fixedly connected to the first collision plate 2313. The first cylindrical iron block 2322 is located on the central axis of the first coil 2323.

[0083] Considering that the first energy collection module 232 is arranged in the first charge collection module 231, when the roller 221 elastically collides and rigidly collides during the vertical vibration upward, the relative position between the first coil 2323 and the first cylindrical iron block 2322 changes, thereby cutting the magnetic induction lines to generate induced charges and realize the conversion of magnetic and electric energy.

[0084] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 The second charge collection module 233 includes a second vertical spring 2331, a second cylindrical cylinder 2332, a second collision plate 2333, a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334, and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335. The bottom end of the second vertical spring 2331 is connected to the frame 21. The second cylindrical cylinder 2332 is arranged on the second vertical spring 2331. The second collision plate 2333 is horizontally connected to the top end of the second vertical spring 2331. The third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 is arranged on the side surface of the second collision plate 2333 close to the horizontal collection unit 22. The bottom end of the second cylindrical cylinder 2332 is fixedly connected to the frame 21. The top end of the second cylindrical cylinder 2332 is provided with the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335.

[0085] Similarly, the second charge collection module 233 sets the other side of the horizontal collection unit 22, when the roller 221 starts to move away from the side of the first charge collection module 231, at this time the elastic collision occurs between the roller 221 and the second collision plate 2333, the third stack piezoelectric ceramic 2334 on the upper surface of the second collision plate 2333 is extruded to deform, and then the electric charge is accumulated due to the piezoelectric effect; the second collision plate 2333 continues to move downward and then rigidly collides with the second cylindrical barrel 2332, similarly, the fourth stack piezoelectric ceramic 2335 on the surface of the second cylindrical barrel 2332 is extruded to deform, and then the electric charge can also be accumulated due to the piezoelectric effect, so that the mechanical energy generated by the downward movement collision can be converted into electrical energy.

[0086] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 、 2 , 5, the second energy collection module 234 includes a second cylindrical barrel-shaped magnet 2341, a second cylindrical iron block 2342 and a second coil 2343, the second cylindrical barrel-shaped magnet 2341 is attached to the inner wall of the second cylindrical barrel 2332, the second cylindrical iron block 2342 is provided in the second vertical spring 2331, the second coil 2343 is provided outside the second vertical spring 2331, one end of the second cylindrical iron block 2342 close to the frame 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, one end of the second coil 2343 close to the first collision plate 2313 is fixedly connected to the second collision plate 2333, and the second cylindrical iron block 2342 is located on the central axis of the second coil 2343.

[0087] For the same reason, based on the second energy collection module 234 arranged in the second charge collection module 233, when the roller 221 is elastically collided and rigidly collided during the vertical vibration downward, the relative position change occurs between the second coil 2343 and the second cylindrical iron block 2342, and then the induced electric charge is generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines, realizing the magnetic-electric energy conversion.

[0088] Therefore, the device can adapt to different vibration conditions, improving the environmental adaptability and practicality of the device.

[0089] Further, please refer to Figure 1 、 3 , the nonlinear conversion assembly 3 includes a second vertical plate 31, a third pre-compression spring 32, a third cylindrical barrel 33, a raceway 34, a fourth cylindrical barrel 35 and a ball 36, wherein:

[0090] The second vertical plate 31 is vertically connected to one end of the base plate 11 away from the first vertical plate 12, the third pre-compression spring 32 is horizontally connected to the second vertical plate 31, the third cylindrical tube 33 is sleeved outside the third pre-compression spring 32, the fourth cylindrical tube 35 is slidably arranged in the third cylindrical tube 33 through the rolling ball 36, the rolling track 34 is vertically connected to one end of the fourth cylindrical tube 35 away from the third pre-compression spring 32, and the other end of the fourth cylindrical tube 35 away from the rolling track 34 is connected to the free end of the third pre-compression spring 32. The rolling wheel 221 is closely attached to the rolling track 34 and is adapted to roll in the rolling track 34.

[0091] Therefore, through the combination of the rolling wheel 221, the customized rolling track 34, the third cylindrical tube 33, the fourth cylindrical tube 35, the rolling ball 36 and the third pre-compression spring 32, a continuous segmented nonlinear force can be provided and customized for the non-smooth nonlinear energy well mechanism. When the rolling wheel 221 moves up and down along the customized rolling track 34, the nonlinear conversion assembly 3 generates the customized nonlinear force, and the type and size of the nonlinear force depend on the personalized structure shape of the customized rolling track 34.

[0092] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the energy collection unit 4 includes a piezoelectric composite material 41 and an energy storage circuit 43, wherein the piezoelectric composite material 41 is arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam 13, and the energy storage circuit 43 is connected to the piezoelectric composite material 41, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335 through the wires 42.

[0093] In this embodiment, since the piezoelectric composite material 41 is arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam 13, the piezoelectric effect can be used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0094] Preferably, the piezoelectric composite material can be composed of inorganic piezoelectric material (such as piezoelectric ceramic) and polymer matrix, which can improve the flexibility and adaptability of the material while maintaining the piezoelectric properties.

[0095] The energy storage circuit 43 is connected to the piezoelectric composite material 41, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335 through the wires 42, which can store energy after charging by using the characteristics of energy storage elements (such as capacitors or batteries) and release the energy when needed.

[0096] It should be particularly noted that the combination of piezoelectric composite material and stacked piezoelectric ceramic not only improves the efficiency of energy conversion, but also makes the conversion from mechanical vibration to electrical energy more efficient.

[0097] It needs to be further explained here that the basic working principle of the stacked piezoelectric ceramic is based on the piezoelectric effect, that is, when a mechanical stress is applied in a certain material (such as a piezoelectric ceramic), an electric charge distribution and a potential difference are generated, thereby causing the accumulation of electric charges between the electrodes. This effect stores the electric charges through an energy storage circuit.

[0098] In addition, the stacked piezoelectric ceramic is stacked by a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers, each layer having an electrode. When external pressure acts on the roller 221 and is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic, due to the deformation of the piezoelectric material, the internal polarization charges are rearranged, and the charge accumulation is generated.

[0099] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 , the lower end surface of the substrate 11 and the frame 21 is fixedly connected with the vibration part of the engineering equipment through a plurality of screws 111.

[0100] Therefore, the substrate 11 and the frame 21 are fixedly connected with the vibration part of the engineering equipment through the screws 111, which ensures that the vibration conversion unit 1 and the collision energy trapping unit 2 can stably transmit and convert vibration energy. This fixing mode can reduce the energy loss caused by vibration and improve the energy conversion efficiency

[0101] As shown in Figure 6 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a vibration damping and energy trapping method of the energy trap vibration damping device based on the segmented nonlinear force, and the vibration damping and energy trapping method comprises the following steps:

[0102] Step S 100 : After the cantilever beam 13, the nonlinear conversion assembly 3 and the collision energy trapping unit 2 are connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment through the substrate 11, the roller 221 connected on the cantilever beam 13 is driven to have an initial speed and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal pre-compression spring 222;

[0103] Step S 200 : During the movement, when the horizontal pre-compression spring 222 restores to the original length, the roller 221 sequentially occurs elastic collision and rigid collision between the first charge collection module 231 or the second charge collection module 233 and then reversely moves;

[0104] Step S 300 : The first charge collection module 231, the second charge collection module 233 and the cantilever beam 13 are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, thereby continuously accumulating electric charges; at the same time, the first energy collection module 232 and the second energy collection module 234 realize the magnetic-electric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction action of the magnet and the coil;

[0105] Step S 400The charge energy on the storage cantilever beam 13, the first charge collection module 231, the first energy collection module 232, the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234 is collected by the energy collection unit 4.

[0106] Therefore, the non-linear energy sink technology can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the engineering equipment and improve the stability and service life of the equipment, but also can realize energy recycling and reuse by converting vibration energy into electric energy, and avoid energy waste. The combination of elastic collision and rigid collision, charge accumulation and energy collection and other key steps realize effective suppression of engineering equipment vibration and efficient energy capture.

[0107] In addition, while capturing energy in a wide frequency range, the non-smooth non-linear energy sink passive control can also reduce harmful vibration to protect the main equipment, can meet more engineering application scenarios, greatly improve the efficiency of vibration reduction and energy capture, and achieve the integration of vibration reduction and energy capture.

[0108] Although the present application discloses as above, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a vibration energy harvesting device for engineering equipment, comprising: a vibration conversion unit, including a base plate connected to a vibration part of engineering equipment, a first vertical plate connected vertically to one end of the base plate, and a cantilever beam arranged horizontally above the base plate, one end of the cantilever beam being connected to the first vertical plate; a collision energy trapping unit, including a frame connected to the upper surface of one side of the base plate, a horizontal collection unit connected horizontally inside the frame, and a vertical collection unit connected vertically inside the frame, the other end of the cantilever beam being connected to the horizontal collection unit, wherein: the vertical collection unit includes a first charge collection module and a first energy collection module connected to the top inside the frame, and a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module connected to the bottom inside the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module; the vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam, the horizontal collection unit is driven by the vibration to sequentially undergo elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, and then reversely moves; a nonlinear conversion assembly is arranged on the side of the horizontal collection unit away from the vibration conversion unit, and the nonlinear conversion assembly is adapted to convert the motion of the horizontal collection unit into continuous segmented nonlinear motion; an energy collection unit is used to collect and store the charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module, and the second energy collection module.

2. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 1, wherein, The horizontal collection unit includes a roller connected to the free end of the cantilever beam through a connecting head, and horizontal pre-compression springs connected to both sides of the roller, one end of the horizontal pre-compression springs away from the roller being fixedly connected to the frame.

3. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 2, wherein, The first charge collection module includes a first vertical spring connected to the top of the frame, a first cylindrical barrel sleeved on the first vertical spring, a first collision plate connected horizontally to the bottom of the first vertical spring, a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the first collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit, and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the first cylindrical barrel close to the horizontal collection unit, the top of the first cylindrical barrel being fixedly connected to the frame; the roller is adapted to move in the vertical direction under the drive of the cantilever beam and elastically collide with the first collision plate, the first collision plate is adapted to compress the first vertical spring to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical barrel.

4. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 3, wherein: The second charge collection module includes a second vertical spring connected to the bottom of the frame, a second cylindrical barrel sleeved on the second vertical spring, a second collision plate connected horizontally to the top of the second vertical spring, a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the second collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit, and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic arranged on the surface of the second cylindrical barrel close to the horizontal collection unit, the bottom of the second cylindrical barrel being fixedly connected to the frame; The roller is adapted to move in a vertical direction under the driving of the cantilever beam, and elastically collide with the second collision plate, and the second collision plate is adapted to press the second vertical spring and rigidly collide with the second cylinder.

5. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 3, wherein, The first energy collection module comprises a first cylinder-shaped magnet attached to the inner wall of the first cylinder, a first cylinder-shaped iron block arranged in the first vertical spring, and a first coil arranged outside the first vertical spring, one end of the first cylinder-shaped iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the first coil close to the first collision plate is fixedly connected to the first collision plate, and the first cylinder-shaped iron block is located on the central axis of the first coil.

6. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 4, wherein, The second energy collection module comprises a second cylinder-shaped magnet attached to the inner wall of the second cylinder, a second cylinder-shaped iron block arranged in the second vertical spring, and a second coil arranged outside the second vertical spring, one end of the second cylinder-shaped iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the second coil close to the first collision plate is fixedly connected to the second collision plate, and the second cylinder-shaped iron block is located on the central axis of the second coil.

7. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 2, wherein, The nonlinear conversion assembly comprises a second vertical plate vertically connected to one end of the base plate away from the first vertical plate, a third pre-compression spring horizontally connected to the second vertical plate, a third cylinder arranged outside the third pre-compression spring, a fourth cylinder arranged in the third cylinder through ball sliding, and a raceway vertically connected to one end of the fourth cylinder away from the third pre-compression spring, and the other end of the fourth cylinder away from the raceway is connected to the free end of the third pre-compression spring. The roller is closely attached to the raceway and is adapted to roll in the raceway.

8. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 4, wherein, The energy collection unit comprises piezoelectric composite material arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam and an energy storage circuit, the energy storage circuit is connected to the piezoelectric composite material, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic through wires respectively.

9. The energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device based on piecewise non-linear force of claim 1, wherein, The lower end surfaces of the base plate and the frame are fixedly connected to the vibration parts of the engineering equipment through screws respectively.

10. A vibration mitigation and energy harvesting method based on the energy sink vibration mitigation and energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The vibration energy harvesting method comprises the following steps: Step S 100 : After the cantilever beam, the nonlinear conversion assembly and the impact energy-capturing unit are connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment through the substrate, the roller connected on the cantilever beam is driven to have an initial speed and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal preloaded spring; Step S 200 : In the process of movement, when the horizontal pre-press spring restores to the original length, the roller reversely moves after the elastic collision and the rigid collision between the first charge collection module or the second charge collection module in turn. Step S 300 : The first charge collection module, the second charge collection module and the cantilever beam are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, and then continuously accumulate electric charges; At the same time, the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module realize magnetic and electric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction of the magnet and the coil. Step S 400 : Collecting the charge energy on the storage cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module by the energy collection unit.

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