Communication cable data acquisition and analysis method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication cable data analysis, and particularly discloses a communication cable data acquisition and analysis method, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a long-distance communication cable into a plurality of communication sections, and monitoring the signal attenuation and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication section to adjust the repeater gain of the current communication section. Meanwhile, the line environment state of the current communication segment is collected to be subjected to similarity comparison with the environment state of the subsequent communication segment, so that the signal attenuation condition of the similar communication segment is predicted based on the signal attenuation amount of the current communication segment, and then the predicted signal attenuation amount is compared with an actual measurement value; when the prediction deviation is within a reasonable range, the optimized repeater parameters are utilized to pre-adjust the subsequent communication segments with similar environmental conditions, so that repeater optimization based on reference control is realized, and when the prediction deviation is unreasonable, cable structure defect detection on the communication segments with the similar environmental conditions is triggered. And potential cable structure risks can be found in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of communication cable data analysis, and specifically discloses a communication cable data collection and analysis method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of data demand in modern society, communication systems are facing increasingly stringent requirements on data transmission speed and capacity. In this context, long-distance communication cables have become key infrastructure to support large-scale data transmission with their extremely high bandwidth and excellent transmission rate. However, since signals will attenuate during long-distance transmission, repeaters are usually laid in long-distance communication cables to achieve signal regeneration and enhancement, ensuring the integrity and reliability of data along the entire transmission path.

[0003] In the prior art, solutions for enhancing communication signal transmission using repeaters have been applied. For example, Chinese invention patent CN111522768B discloses a USB Type-C active cable that uses a built-in repeater to reconstruct the clock and compensate for the signal transmitted over the data line, thereby reducing jitter and extending the transmission distance of high-speed signals.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN104102606A discloses a method for long-distance transmission of PCI-EXPRESS signals. By installing a relay signal enhancement board on a high-speed differential signal cable, signal pre-emphasis and equalization processing are performed to improve transmission reliability, which is particularly suitable for communications over long distances and in harsh environments.

[0005] Although these solutions can effectively achieve signal compensation, they have the following shortcomings: 1. Low repeater control efficiency: Due to the differences in the length and environmental conditions of each section of the communication cable, the degree of signal attenuation of each section of the cable is different. In order to achieve targeted adjustment of the repeater, the system needs to monitor a large amount of data in real time and perform separate data processing on each section of the communication line. This repeated processing not only prolongs the control time of the repeater and increases the complexity of the control process, but also significantly increases the response time and computational burden of the system, resulting in low repeater control efficiency.

[0006] 2. Ignoring the problem of cable aging: The signal attenuation of communication cables is not only affected by cable length and environmental factors, but also closely related to the aging of cables. It is difficult to identify the aging of cables in a timely manner by relying solely on signal attenuation to control repeaters. In the long run, this may lead to cable aging not being discovered in time, which in turn aggravates signal attenuation, resulting in a decline in communication quality, and even possible communication interruption, affecting the stability and reliability of the communication system. Summary of the invention

[0007] To this end, one purpose of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a communication cable data acquisition and analysis method for a repeater in a long-distance communication cable. By utilizing the signal attenuation of the current communication segment to adjust the gain of the repeater, and comparing the cable environmental conditions of the current communication segment with the cable environmental conditions of the subsequent communication segment for similarity, subsequent communication segments with similar environmental conditions can be optimized and controlled based on the adjusted repeater parameters, thereby achieving reference control of the long-distance communication cable repeater, significantly improving the control efficiency and response speed of the repeater, and thus solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0008] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: A communication cable data collection and analysis method, comprising the following steps: (1) dividing the entire communication line into a number of communication segments according to the repeater layout diagram of the long-distance communication line, each communication segment corresponds to a repeater, and numbering each communication segment in order from the starting point to the end point of the communication line.

[0009] (2) Environmental sensing equipment is deployed in each communication segment to collect the line environment status in real time, and the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio detection is performed on the current communication segment in the order of the communication segment number to obtain the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio data.

[0010] (3) Adjust the gain of the repeater based on the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment.

[0011] (4) Identify the line environment state of the next communication segment and the line environment state of the current communication segment for similarity. If the line environment states are similar, execute (5); otherwise, execute (6).

[0012] (5) The signal attenuation of the next communication segment is predicted based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, and compared with the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment to judge the reasonableness of the deviation. If the deviation is reasonable, the gain of the repeater of the next communication segment is adjusted according to the gain setting of the repeater of the current communication segment. If the deviation is unreasonable, the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment is triggered.

[0013] (6) Similarly, the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment are detected to adjust the gain of the repeater. During the detection process, the line environment state of the current communication segment is continuously compared with the line environment state of the subsequent communication segment for similarity and the repeater gain is adjusted accordingly until the similarity comparison of the line environment state of the last communication segment is completed.

[0014] Combining all the above technical solutions, the positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention divides the long-distance communication cable into multiple communication segments according to the repeater position, monitors the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of each segment in real time, and dynamically adjusts the repeater gain. At the same time, the environmental state of the current communication segment is collected and compared with the subsequent segments for similarity, and the attenuation of subsequent similar segments is predicted based on the signal attenuation of the current segment. If the deviation between the predicted value and the actual value is reasonable, the optimized repeater gain is applied to pre-adjust the subsequent segment, thereby realizing repeater optimization under reference control, greatly improving control efficiency and response speed.

[0015] 2. When the prediction deviation is unreasonable, the present invention triggers the cable structure defect detection of the communication segment with similar environmental conditions, analyzes the detected cable structure defect data, evaluates the risk of the cable structure, and generates corresponding warning information for risk warning. This process can timely discover potential cable structure risks, minimize the increase in signal attenuation, thereby effectively improving communication quality, reducing the incidence of communication interruptions, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the steps for implementing the method of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the communication segment division in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of adjusting the gain of the repeater according to the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment in the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1 - starting point of communication line, 2 - repeater, 3 - end point of communication line, 4 - signal transmission direction, 5 - communication segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1As shown, the present invention proposes a communication cable data collection and analysis method, comprising the following steps: (1) dividing the entire communication line into a plurality of communication segments according to a repeater layout diagram of the long-distance communication line, each communication segment corresponds to a repeater, and numbering each communication segment in order from the starting point to the end point of the communication line.

[0023] The numbering of the communication segments mentioned above is based on the physical direction of the communication line, from the starting point (i.e., the data sending end) to the end point (i.e., the data receiving end), reflecting the order of signal transmission in the communication line. At the same time, the number of each communication segment is unique, ensuring that each segment can be accurately identified and located in the entire communication system. This helps to quickly locate the problem during troubleshooting, performance optimization, and maintenance operations.

[0024] Applied to the above scheme, the entire communication line is divided into several communication segments. See the following process: capture the layout position of the repeater according to the repeater layout diagram of the long-distance communication line, and define the communication cable between adjacent repeaters as a communication segment, so that each communication segment is bounded by two adjacent repeaters, see Figure 2 shown.

[0025] Each communication segment uses the repeater in the direction of its signal transmission as the repeater of the communication segment.

[0026] It is important to know that the repeater in each communication segment is responsible for amplifying and enhancing the signal within that segment.

[0027] It should be added that the communication lines mentioned in the present invention use cables of uniform specifications, that is, the cable material and diameter of all communication segments remain consistent. This ensures that when predicting signal attenuation, no additional variables are introduced due to differences in cable material or thickness, thereby avoiding possible prediction interference caused by this.

[0028] (2) Environmental sensing equipment is deployed in each communication segment to collect the line environment status in real time, and the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio detection is performed on the current communication segment in the order of the communication segment number to obtain the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio data.

[0029] In the specific implementation of the above solution, the environment sensing device includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, an electromagnetic field strength meter, etc. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature changes around the communication cable in real time, the humidity sensor is used to monitor the humidity level in the air, the vibration sensor is used to detect the mechanical vibration around the communication cable, and the electromagnetic field strength meter is used to measure the electromagnetic field strength in the surrounding environment.

[0030] In a further specific implementation of the above scheme, the specific method of collecting the line environment status is: using the environment sensing device to collect the line environment parameters of each communication segment within a specified collection period to form multiple data of each line environment parameter in each communication segment.

[0031] The line environmental parameters collected in the above are temperature, humidity, vibration frequency, and electromagnetic field strength. The reason for using temperature, humidity, vibration frequency, and electromagnetic field strength as line environmental parameters is that temperature, humidity, vibration frequency, and electromagnetic field strength are key environmental factors that affect the attenuation of communication line signals. Changes in these parameters will directly or indirectly affect the physical structure, electrical properties, and signal transmission quality of communication cables, resulting in varying degrees of signal attenuation. Specifically, an increase in temperature will increase the resistance of metal conductors (such as copper, aluminum, etc.). According to the relationship between resistance and temperature (that is, resistance increases linearly with temperature), high temperature will reduce the current transmission efficiency in the conductor, thereby increasing the signal transmission process. Energy loss leads to signal attenuation; in a high humidity environment, moisture may penetrate into the insulation layer of the cable, causing the insulation resistance to decrease. The presence of moisture will increase the leakage path and reduce the insulation performance of the cable, which in turn causes signal attenuation; mechanical vibration may cause damage to the physical structure of the cable. Vibration will aggravate the wear and aging of the cable, loosen the internal structure of the cable, increase the instability of signal transmission, and cause signal attenuation; electromagnetic fields can enter communication cables through inductive coupling, especially in unshielded cables. Electromagnetic interference will be directly superimposed on the communication signal. If the anti-interference design of the communication cable is insufficient, the cable cannot effectively resist external interference when the electromagnetic field strength is too high, resulting in signal attenuation.

[0032] In addition, when collecting line environmental parameters, multiple sampling is performed within a specified collection period, such as multiple data collection within 5 minutes. This approach is intended to avoid random errors that may exist in a single collection, and obtain more stable and accurate line environmental parameters through multiple sampling. This can provide real and reliable data support for subsequent similarity comparisons with environmental parameters of other communication segments.

[0033] In another specific implementation of the above scheme, the signal attenuation of the communication segment can be detected by measuring the difference in signal strength at both ends of the communication segment through a signal strength monitoring device; and for the detection of the signal-to-noise ratio, a spectrum analyzer can be used to scan the signal spectrum in the communication link, measure the signal power and noise power, and then calculate the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, modern communication equipment usually has a built-in signal-to-noise ratio monitoring function, which can provide signal-to-noise ratio data in real time.

[0034] (3) See Figure 3As shown, the gain of the repeater is adjusted according to the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment. The specific operation is as follows: the lower limit gain and the upper limit gain of the repeater are determined according to the signal attenuation and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment, respectively, thereby the lower limit gain and the upper limit gain of the repeater constitute the gain adjustment range of the repeater.

[0035] It should be noted that the repeater gain mentioned above refers to the degree to which the repeater amplifies or enhances the input signal during signal transmission. By adjusting the gain of the repeater, the attenuation of the signal during transmission can be compensated to ensure that the signal still maintains sufficient strength after long-distance transmission. However, the gain is not the greater the better. Too high a gain may cause signal distortion, noise amplification or saturation, which in turn reduces the communication quality. Therefore, the gain setting needs to be reasonably adjusted according to the actual signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0036] The above-mentioned floor gain determined based on the signal attenuation should compensate for the signal attenuation of the communication segment to ensure that the output signal strength is not lower than the minimum threshold required by the communication protocol or application. ,in Indicates the gain corresponding to unit signal attenuation. The safety margin is to cope with possible environmental changes or sudden interference. Usually, a certain safety margin (such as 3-5dB) is added to the bottom gain to ensure that the signal strength always meets the requirements.

[0037] The upper limit gain determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio is to ensure that the amplified signal does not introduce too much noise, causing the signal-to-noise ratio to be lower than the target value. ,in Indicates the gain corresponding to the unit signal-to-noise ratio difference, which can be obtained from the instructions for use of the repeater.

[0038] The lower limit gain and upper limit gain constitute the gain adjustment range of the repeater. Within this range, the gain of the repeater can be dynamically adjusted according to actual needs to ensure the optimal balance between signal quality and transmission performance.

[0039] The gain is gradually increased within the gain adjustment range of the repeater, and the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength of the output signal are detected after the gain is increased, and compared with the normal signal-to-noise ratio and normal signal strength of the communication line to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance after each gain adjustment.

[0040] The normal signal-to-noise ratio and normal signal strength of the communication line mentioned above can usually be obtained according to the line design specifications.

[0041] The calculation formula for the signal-to-noise ratio compliance in the above is: , where It indicates the signal-to-noise ratio compliance. represents the normal signal-to-noise ratio, Indicates the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal after each increase in gain.

[0042] In a feasible embodiment, the corresponding simulation calculation results are obtained based on the data simulation calculation of the above signal-to-noise ratio compliance. Part of the simulation results can be referred to Table 1.

[0043] Table 1: Data simulation calculation results of some signal-to-noise ratio compliance

[0044]

[0045] From the data simulation results in Table 1, it can be seen that when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal after each gain increase does not reach the normal signal-to-noise ratio, the closer it is to the normal signal-to-noise ratio, the greater the signal-to-noise ratio conformity.

[0046] The calculation of signal strength conformity can be similarly referred to the calculation of signal-to-noise ratio conformity.

[0047] After each gain adjustment, the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance are compared with the preset standard compliance. For example, the standard compliance is 90%. If the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance after a certain gain adjustment both reach the standard compliance, the gain value of this time is marked as a valid gain, and the number of all valid gains is counted. If there is only one valid gain, the gain value is directly used as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater. If there are multiple valid gains, the smallest effective gain is selected as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater.

[0048] It should be understood that when there are multiple gains that meet the dual standards, the minimum gain is selected first to reduce unnecessary amplification and potential noise introduction.

[0049] If there is no gain adjustment in which both the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and the signal strength compliance reach the standard compliance, the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and the signal strength compliance after each gain adjustment are weighted averaged to obtain the signal transmission effect coefficient after each gain adjustment.

[0050] The weight factors corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio conformity and the signal strength conformity in the weighted average calculation may be 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. This is because signal strength is more critical during signal transmission because it determines whether data can be successfully transmitted. Therefore, a higher weight needs to be given to signal strength.

[0051] The signal transmission effect coefficients after each gain adjustment are compared, and the gain value of the gain adjustment to which the maximum signal transmission effect coefficient belongs is selected as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater.

[0052] It should be understood that the signal transmission effect coefficient is obtained by weighted averaging the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance after each gain adjustment, where the signal transmission effect coefficient comprehensively considers the two key indicators of signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength, and can more comprehensively evaluate the communication quality after each gain adjustment, and can avoid the situation where a single indicator of signal-to-noise ratio or signal strength is too high or too low in some cases. For example, a certain gain value may make the signal-to-noise ratio very close to the normal value, but the signal strength is far below the normal value, or vice versa. A more balanced gain value can be found through comprehensive evaluation, and the gain value corresponding to the maximum signal transmission effect coefficient can be selected. The performance of the communication system can be optimized as much as possible without fully meeting the standard. Even if the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength fail to fully meet the preset standard compliance, a relatively optimal gain value can still be selected to ensure that the communication quality is as close to the ideal state as possible.

[0053] (4) Identify the line environment state of the next communication segment and the line environment state of the current communication segment for similarity. If the line environment states are similar, execute (5); otherwise, execute (6).

[0054] In the preferred implementation of the above scheme, the line environment status similarity identification operation is as follows: multiple data corresponding to each line environment parameter of the current communication segment and the next communication segment in the specified collection period respectively constitute the presentation interval of each line environment parameter, where the presentation interval represents the value range of the parameter within the time period.

[0055] The presentation intervals of each line environment parameter corresponding to the next communication segment and the presentation intervals of each line environment parameter corresponding to the current communication segment are intersected and unioned one by one, and the similarity of each line environment parameter is obtained statistically. .

[0056] The intersection in the above represents the overlap of the two communication segments on the parameter, reflecting the common characteristics between the two. The union represents the total coverage of the two communication segments on the parameter, reflecting the overall difference between the two.

[0057] The similarity of each line environment parameter is calculated by weighted average to obtain the line environment similarity between the next communication segment and the current communication segment.

[0058] It should be pointed out that when the weighted average calculation is performed on the similarities of various line environmental parameters, the weights assigned to temperature, humidity, vibration frequency and electromagnetic field strength can be 0.3, 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3. This is because temperature and electromagnetic field strength have a greater impact on communication quality, so they can be assigned a higher weight, and humidity and vibration frequency have a relatively small impact on communication quality, so they can be assigned a medium weight.

[0059] The line environment similarity between the next communication segment and the current communication segment is compared with the set similarity threshold. For example, the similarity threshold is 0.8. If the line environment similarity reaches the similarity threshold, it is identified that the line environment state of the next communication segment is similar to that of the current communication segment. Otherwise, it is identified that the line environment state of the next communication segment is not similar to that of the current communication segment.

[0060] (5) The signal attenuation of the next communication segment is predicted based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, and compared with the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment to judge the reasonableness of the deviation. If the deviation is reasonable, the gain of the repeater of the next communication segment is adjusted according to the gain setting of the repeater of the current communication segment. If the deviation is unreasonable, the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment is triggered.

[0061] In the manner in which the above scheme can be implemented, the signal attenuation of the next communication segment is predicted based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, see the following process: the difference between the length of the current communication segment and the length of the next communication segment is calculated; if the length difference meets the preset similar length difference, the signal attenuation of the current communication segment is directly used to predict the signal attenuation of the next communication segment; if the length difference exceeds the similar length difference, the signal attenuation per unit length of the current communication segment is calculated and multiplied by the length of the next communication segment to predict the signal attenuation of the next communication segment.

[0062] In the above exemplary embodiment, the similar length difference is 1 cm.

[0063] It should be added that when a communication segment similar to the current communication segment is identified based on the line environmental status of the current communication segment, the signal attenuation of the current communication segment can be used to predict the signal attenuation of the similar communication segment. This prediction is based on the length of the communication segment. Assuming that the cable material and diameter of all communication segments remain consistent, if the current communication segment and the similar communication segment are very close in length and line environmental status, it can be considered that the two have a high degree of similarity in signal attenuation characteristics. In this case, the signal attenuation of the current communication segment can be directly used as the predicted signal attenuation of the similar communication segment. Since the lengths and environmental conditions of the two are similar, the changing trends of the signal attenuation should also be similar. This method simplifies the prediction process, reduces the computational complexity, and the prediction results are usually highly accurate when the lengths and environmental conditions are similar.

[0064] If the current communication segment and the similar communication segment are different in length, but the line environment status is similar, it is necessary to predict the signal attenuation per unit length. First, calculate the signal attenuation per unit length of the current communication segment (i.e., the signal attenuation per meter or per kilometer). Then, based on the actual length of the similar communication segment and the signal attenuation per unit length, the total signal attenuation of the similar communication segment is calculated. This method takes into account the impact of the length difference and can more accurately predict the signal attenuation of the similar communication segment.

[0065] In a further implementation of the above scheme, the reasonable judgment of the deviation is implemented as follows: the absolute value of the difference between the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment and the predicted signal attenuation is taken and divided by the actual signal attenuation, and then the deviation is calculated as a percentage, and compared with the set reasonable deviation. Exemplarily, the reasonable deviation is 10%. If the deviation is higher than the reasonable deviation, the deviation is judged to be unreasonable, otherwise the deviation is judged to be reasonable.

[0066] In a further implementation of the above scheme, when the deviation is reasonable, it means that the prediction of the signal attenuation of the next communication segment based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment has a high accuracy, which shows that the repeater gain adjustment scheme of the current communication segment can play an important reference role in the repeater gain adjustment of the next communication segment. By referring to the gain setting of the current communication segment, the repeated debugging work of the next communication segment can be reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system. Specifically, the gain of the repeater of the next communication segment is adjusted according to the gain setting of the repeater of the current communication segment. Please refer to the following process: the difference between the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment is calculated, and compared with the set similar signal-to-noise ratio difference. Exemplarily, the similar signal-to-noise ratio difference can be 3dB. If the signal-to-noise ratio difference is less than or equal to the similar signal-to-noise ratio difference, it means that the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment is highly similar to the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment. When the signal attenuation, line environment status, and signal-to-noise ratio are highly consistent, the adaptation adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the current communication segment can be directly used as the adaptation adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment. This reduces the gain debugging time for the next communication segment, simplifies the configuration process of the repeater, and avoids repeated data processing and gain adjustment, thereby reducing the computational burden of the system. If the signal-to-noise ratio difference is greater than the similar signal-to-noise ratio difference, it means that the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment is different from that of the current communication segment. When the signal attenuation and the line environment state are highly consistent, and only the signal-to-noise ratio is inconsistent, the gain adjustment range of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment can be formed by using the lower limit gain of the repeater corresponding to the current communication segment and the upper limit gain of the repeater determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment.

[0067] Similarly, the gain adjustment interval of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment is used to gradually adjust the gain, thereby obtaining the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment, which can ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength of the next communication segment reach the optimal state.

[0068] When the deviation is unreasonable, it means that there is a large error in the prediction of the signal attenuation of the next communication segment based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment. Under normal circumstances, if the cable material, diameter and line environment status of the two communication segments are similar, the prediction based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment should not be much different from the actual attenuation. This is because similar physical properties and environmental conditions mean that the signal is affected similarly during transmission, so the change trend of the signal attenuation should also be consistent. However, if the actual attenuation is significantly higher than the predicted value, this may be due to some unpredicted factors in the next communication segment, which leads to increased signal attenuation. Specifically, there is potential line aging or other structural defects in the next communication segment. At this time, triggering the cable structure defect detection of similar communication segments can timely identify and diagnose whether there are problems such as line aging. Specifically, the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment is triggered. Refer to the following process: compare the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment with the predicted signal attenuation. Only when the actual signal attenuation is higher than the predicted signal attenuation, the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment is triggered. Once the detection is triggered, the cable of the next communication segment is structurally scanned to record the cable structure defect data. For example, professional detection tools (such as optical time domain reflectometers, cable testers, etc.) can be used to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the cables to obtain detailed cable structure defect data, including cable breakage, loose joints, shielding layer damage and other problems.

[0069] The acquired cable structure defect data is used to generate early warning information for risk warning, which can notify maintenance personnel to take necessary repair or preventive measures, which helps to deal with problems in a timely manner, prevent faults from expanding, and ensure the stability and reliability of the communication system.

[0070] It should be pointed out that after predicting the signal attenuation of the next similar communication segment based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, if the deviation is unreasonable and triggers the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment, it is necessary to ensure that there is no cable structure defect in the current communication segment itself. This is to ensure that in the case of unreasonable deviation, there is sufficient basis to suspect that the cable structure defect of the next communication segment is the main cause of the deviation.

[0071] (6) Similarly, the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment are detected to adjust the gain of the repeater. During the detection process, the line environment state of the current communication segment is continuously compared with the line environment state of the subsequent communication segment for similarity and the repeater gain is adjusted accordingly until the similarity comparison of the line environment state of the last communication segment is completed.

[0072] It should be understood that when the unreasonable deviation triggers the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment, the gain adjustment of the corresponding repeater of the communication segment needs to be performed in the same way as the gain adjustment of the corresponding repeater of the current communication segment, and the line environment state of the current communication segment should continue to be compared with the line environment state of the subsequent communication segment for similarity. When it is found that the line environment state of a subsequent communication segment is similar to the line environment state of the current communication segment, the signal attenuation of the current communication segment is used to predict and adjust the repeater gain until the repeater gain adjustment of the last communication segment is performed.

[0073] (7) During the gain adjustment process of the repeater in each communication segment of the long-distance communication line, the signal attenuation of each communication segment is analyzed in line environment state time series to identify sensitive environmental parameters. The specific operation is as follows: During the gain adjustment process of the repeater in each communication segment, the signal attenuation and line environment parameters of each communication segment are collected in real time to form a signal attenuation time series and a line environment parameter time series of each communication segment.

[0074] The signal attenuation time series of each communication segment is analyzed for changes in the signal attenuation at adjacent times, and the signal change time is recorded when the analyzed signal attenuation changes.

[0075] The above-mentioned signal attenuation change analysis can compare the difference of signal attenuation at adjacent times with the set signal attenuation difference. If the signal attenuation difference at adjacent times reaches the signal attenuation difference, the latter time in the adjacent times will be taken as the signal change time.

[0076] The line environment parameter time series of each communication segment is analyzed for line environment parameter changes at adjacent times. When the line environment parameters change, the changed line environment parameters and the environment change time are recorded.

[0077] The analysis of line environment parameter changes at adjacent times mentioned above can be similarly referred to the analysis method of signal attenuation changes.

[0078] The signal change time is matched with the environment change time, the proportion of line environment parameters that are successfully matched is counted, and the line environment parameter corresponding to the largest proportion is taken as the sensitive environment parameter of the corresponding communication segment. This means that when the signal attenuation changes, these environment parameters are most likely to be the main factors causing the change.

[0079] The sensitive environmental parameters of each communication segment are compared, and the sensitive environmental parameters with the highest frequency of occurrence are selected as the signal attenuation sensitive environmental parameters of the long-distance communication line.

[0080] In the above operation example, it is assumed that in a long-distance communication line, the signal attenuation and environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc.) of each communication segment are collected every 1 minute to form time series data.

[0081] By analyzing the signal attenuation time series, it was found that the signal attenuation in a certain communication segment increased from 12dB to 15dB between 10:00 and 10:01, and the recorded signal change time was 10:00.

[0082] By analyzing the time series of line environmental parameters, it was found that the temperature of the same communication segment rose from 25°C to 30°C between 10:00 and 10:01, and the electromagnetic interference intensity increased from 30dBm to 40dBm. The environmental change time was recorded as 10:00, and the changed environmental parameters were recorded as temperature and electromagnetic interference.

[0083] Match the signal change time (10:00) with the environment change time (10:00) and count the environmental parameters that change simultaneously in the same time period. Assume that after multiple analyses, the temperature and electromagnetic interference have the highest matching success rates, 80% and 70% respectively. Therefore, temperature is selected as the sensitive environmental parameter of this communication segment.

[0084] The present invention can optimize and control the environment in which the communication line is located in advance by identifying environmental parameters that have a sensitive impact on signal attenuation changes, thereby reducing the occurrence of signal attenuation from the source.

[0085] It should be emphasized that the present invention combines the control strategies of spatial dimension and time dimension to achieve comprehensive optimization of repeater gain and signal attenuation. The control of spatial dimension predicts the signal attenuation of subsequent communication segments based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, ensuring that the repeater uses the optimal gain setting in similar environments; the control of time dimension responds to environmental changes in a timely manner and reduces the occurrence of signal attenuation by real-time monitoring and adjusting sensitive environmental parameters that affect signal attenuation.

[0086] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication cable data collection and analysis method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Divide the entire communication line into several communication segments according to the repeater layout diagram of the long-distance communication line. Each communication segment corresponds to a repeater, and the communication segments are numbered in the order from the starting point to the end point of the communication line; (2) Deploy environmental sensing equipment in each communication segment to collect line environmental status in real time, and perform signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio detection on the current communication segment in the order of the communication segment numbers to obtain signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio data; (3) Adjust the gain of the repeater according to the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment; (4) Identify the line environment state of the next communication segment and the line environment state of the current communication segment. If the line environment states are similar, execute (5); otherwise, execute (6). (5) Predict the signal attenuation of the next communication segment based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment, and compare it with the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment to judge whether the deviation is reasonable. If the deviation is reasonable, adjust the gain of the repeater of the next communication segment according to the gain setting of the repeater of the current communication segment. If the deviation is unreasonable, trigger the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment; (6) Similarly, the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment are detected to adjust the gain of the repeater. During the detection process, the line environment state of the current communication segment is continuously compared with the line environment state of the subsequent communication segment for similarity and the repeater gain is adjusted accordingly until the similarity comparison of the line environment state of the last communication segment is completed.

2. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The entire communication line is divided into several communication segments as shown in the following process: The layout positions of repeaters are captured according to the repeater layout diagram of the long-distance communication line, and the communication cables between adjacent repeaters are defined as a communication segment; Each communication segment uses the repeater in the direction of its signal transmission as the repeater of the communication segment.

3. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The deployment of environmental sensing equipment in each communication segment to collect line environmental status in real time is implemented as follows: The environmental sensing device is used to collect the line environmental parameters of each communication segment within a specified collection period to form multiple data of each line environmental parameter in each communication segment.

4. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of adjusting the gain of the repeater according to the signal attenuation and signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment is as follows: The lower limit gain and the upper limit gain of the repeater are determined according to the signal attenuation and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment, thereby the lower limit gain and the upper limit gain of the repeater constitute the gain adjustment range of the repeater; The gain is gradually increased within the gain adjustment range of the repeater, and the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength of the output signal are detected after the gain is increased, and the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance after each gain adjustment are calculated by comparing with the normal signal-to-noise ratio and normal signal strength of the communication line; After each gain adjustment, the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance are compared with the preset standard compliance. If the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and signal strength compliance after a certain gain adjustment both reach the standard compliance, the gain value of this time is marked as a valid gain, and the number of all valid gains is counted. If there is only one valid gain, the gain value is directly used as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater. If there are multiple valid gains, the smallest valid gain is selected as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater; If there is no gain adjustment in which both the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and the signal strength compliance reach the standard compliance, the signal-to-noise ratio compliance and the signal strength compliance after each gain adjustment are weighted averaged to obtain the signal transmission effect coefficient after each gain adjustment; The signal transmission effect coefficients after each gain adjustment are compared, and then the gain value of the gain adjustment to which the maximum signal transmission effect coefficient belongs is selected as the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater.

5. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The similarity identification between the line environment state of the next communication segment and the line environment state of the current communication segment is shown in the following process: The multiple data of the current communication segment and the next communication segment corresponding to the various line environment parameters in the specified collection period respectively constitute the presentation interval of the various line environment parameters; Perform intersection and union operations on the presentation intervals of each line environment parameter corresponding to the next communication segment and the presentation intervals of each line environment parameter corresponding to the current communication segment, and then obtain the similarity of each line environment parameter; The similarity of each line environment parameter is calculated by weighted average to obtain the line environment similarity between the next communication segment and the current communication segment; The line environment similarity between the next communication segment and the current communication segment is compared with the set similarity threshold. If the line environment similarity reaches the similarity threshold, it is identified that the line environment state of the next communication segment is similar to that of the current communication segment. Otherwise, it is identified that the line environment state of the next communication segment is not similar to that of the current communication segment.

6. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction of the signal attenuation of the next communication segment based on the signal attenuation of the current communication segment is described in the following process: The difference between the length of the current communication segment and the length of the next communication segment is calculated. If the length difference meets the preset similar length difference, the signal attenuation of the current communication segment is directly used to predict the signal attenuation of the next communication segment. If the length difference exceeds the similar length difference, the signal attenuation per unit length of the current communication segment is calculated and multiplied by the length of the next communication segment to predict the signal attenuation of the next communication segment.

7. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reasonable judgment of the deviation is implemented as follows: The difference between the actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment and the predicted signal attenuation is taken and divided by the actual signal attenuation to calculate the percentage to obtain the deviation degree, which is compared with the set reasonable deviation degree. If the deviation degree is higher than the reasonable deviation degree, the deviation is judged to be unreasonable, otherwise it is judged to be reasonable.

8. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The process of adjusting the gain of the next communication segment repeater according to the gain setting of the current communication segment repeater is as follows: The difference between the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication segment is calculated, and compared with the set similar signal-to-noise ratio difference. If the signal-to-noise ratio difference is less than or equal to the similar signal-to-noise ratio difference, the adaptation adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the current communication segment is used as the adaptation adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment. If the signal-to-noise ratio difference is greater than the similar signal-to-noise ratio difference, the lower limit gain of the repeater corresponding to the current communication segment and the upper limit gain of the repeater determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the next communication segment constitute the gain adjustment interval of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment. Similarly, the gain adjustment interval of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment is used to gradually adjust the gain, thereby obtaining the adaptive adjustment gain of the repeater corresponding to the next communication segment.

9. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cable structure defect detection that triggers the next communication segment is described in the following process: The actual signal attenuation of the next communication segment is compared with the predicted signal attenuation. Only when the actual signal attenuation is higher than the predicted signal attenuation, the cable structure defect detection of the next communication segment is triggered. Once the detection is triggered, the cable structure of the next communication segment is scanned and the cable structure defect data is recorded. The acquired cable structure defect data is used to generate early warning information for risk warning.

10. A communication cable data collection and analysis method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The method further includes (7) performing a line environment state time series analysis on the signal attenuation of each communication segment in the process of gain adjustment of the repeater of each communication segment in the long-distance communication line to identify sensitive environmental parameters, and the specific operation is as follows: During the repeater gain adjustment process of each communication segment, the signal attenuation and line environment parameters of each communication segment are collected in real time to form a signal attenuation time series and a line environment parameter time series of each communication segment; The signal attenuation time series of each communication segment is analyzed for changes in the signal attenuation at adjacent times, and the signal change time is recorded when the analyzed signal attenuation changes; The line environment parameter time series of each communication section is analyzed for line environment parameter changes at adjacent times, and when the line environment parameter changes, the changed line environment parameter and the environment change time are recorded; Match the signal change time with the environment change time, count the proportion of line environment parameters that are successfully matched, and take the line environment parameter corresponding to the maximum proportion as the sensitive environment parameter of the corresponding communication segment; The sensitive environmental parameters of each communication segment are compared, and the sensitive environmental parameters with the highest frequency of occurrence are selected as the signal attenuation sensitive environmental parameters of the long-distance communication line.

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