Multi-chain architecture-oriented block chain cross-chain communication system and communication method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a multi-chain architecture-oriented block chain cross-chain communication system and communication method. Comprising a plurality of heterogeneous block chain networks, a plurality of cross-chain nodes, an inter-chain communication protocol management module, an intelligent contract execution environment and a cross-chain data warehouse. According to the multi-chain architecture-oriented block chain cross-chain communication system and the method thereof provided by the invention, efficient interoperation among a plurality of heterogeneous block chain networks is realized through dynamic management of cross-chain nodes and a voucher bridging mechanism in combination with a modular path selection and distributed data warehouse technology, the safety and the consistency of cross-chain transactions are ensured, and the system and the method have the advantages that the system and the method are simple and convenient to use. And meanwhile, a solid technical foundation is provided for the development of the block chain technology in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a blockchain cross-chain communication system and a communication method for a multi-chain architecture. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and in-depth application of blockchain technology, major blockchain projects have emerged and gradually formed multiple independently operated blockchain networks. These blockchain networks have their own unique data structures, consensus mechanisms and smart contract implementations, aiming to solve specific application problems or provide unique user experience, but they also face the challenge of information islands, which makes it impossible for data between different networks to communicate and resources to be shared, thus limiting the overall development and application scope of blockchain.

[0003] Cross-chain technology refers to the technology that enables secure and efficient transactions and data interaction between different blockchain networks. It enables information and assets generated in one blockchain network to be securely transmitted through a cross-chain mechanism, recognized and used by another blockchain network, and achieves interconnection and resource integration between blockchain networks. However, existing cross-chain solutions are usually designed for a specific pair or a few pairs of blockchain networks, lacking sufficient flexibility, compatibility and scalability, and are difficult to adapt to the more complex and diverse multi-chain architecture in the future.

[0004] Heterogeneous Blockchain Networks refers to a variety of different blockchain systems that comply with different protocols, operating environments, and standards. The differences between them are not only in the underlying technology, but also in cryptographic algorithms, node selection mechanisms, smart contract languages, etc. Therefore, the interoperability between heterogeneous blockchain networks faces unprecedented challenges. Most of the current cross-chain technologies are concentrated in isomorphic networks or partially heterogeneous networks, making it difficult to achieve widespread application. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a blockchain cross-chain communication system and method for a multi-chain architecture. Through the dynamic management of cross-chain nodes and the credential bridging mechanism, combined with modular path selection and distributed data warehouse technology, efficient interoperability between multiple heterogeneous blockchain networks is achieved, ensuring the security and consistency of cross-chain transactions, and providing a solid technical foundation for the future development of blockchain technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a blockchain cross-chain communication system for a multi-chain architecture, including multiple heterogeneous blockchain networks, multiple cross-chain nodes, an inter-chain communication protocol management module, a smart contract execution environment, and a cross-chain data warehouse.

[0007] Each of the heterogeneous blockchain networks has its own independent data structure, consensus mechanism and smart contract implementation;

[0008] The multiple cross-chain nodes are deployed between the heterogeneous blockchain networks to perform the verification, forwarding and status synchronization of cross-chain transactions;

[0009] The inter-chain communication protocol management module is used to manage the interaction rules, information formats and security policies between different blockchain networks to ensure the authenticity and integrity of cross-chain information;

[0010] The smart contract execution environment allows smart contracts to be deployed on participating heterogeneous blockchain networks to implement cross-chain calls for specific business logic;

[0011] The cross-chain data warehouse stores the metadata and status information of the transaction, provides persistent support for cross-chain transactions, and maintains the historical records of cross-chain activities.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-chain node supports dynamic registration and deregistration, and can adjust the participating members of the cross-chain service according to actual needs, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inter-chain communication protocol management module adopts a modular design, supports communication protocols between multiple heterogeneous blockchains, including but not limited to HTLC (Hash Time Lock Contract) and IBC (Blockchain Interoperability Protocol), and allows the addition and removal of communication protocols to adapt to new technical standards that may appear in the future.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the smart contract execution environment can adaptively identify the differences between the source chain and target chain smart contracts in cross-chain calls, and convert the call request into a format suitable for execution on the target chain through a bridging mechanism, thereby reducing the complexity of developers in implementing cross-chain applications.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-chain data warehouse adopts distributed database technology to support distributed storage and efficient query of data, ensure the high availability and security of cross-chain transaction information, and at the same time has a data integrity verification mechanism to prevent data from being tampered with.

[0016] The blockchain cross-chain communication method for a multi-chain architecture includes the following steps:

[0017] S1, initiation of cross-chain request: users and systems initiate cross-chain transactions through the source chain, specifying the target chain, cross-chain operation type and necessary parameters;

[0018] S2, request verification and forwarding: The cross-chain node verifies the initiated cross-chain request, ensures that the request complies with the cross-chain rules, and then forwards the request to the target chain according to the preset path;

[0019] S3, target chain operation execution: after receiving the request, the target chain performs the corresponding operation according to the request content and returns the execution result;

[0020] S4, status synchronization and confirmation: The cross-chain node receives the execution result returned by the target chain, synchronously updates the transaction status in the cross-chain data warehouse, and feeds back the operation result to the source chain;

[0021] S5, final confirmation of cross-chain transactions: After receiving the feedback result, the source link performs the necessary final confirmation steps to complete the cross-chain transaction.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the request verification and forwarding steps, a path selection mechanism based on graph calculation is adopted to dynamically adjust the path of cross-chain request forwarding, avoid network congestion, and improve cross-chain communication efficiency.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, when an error or failure occurs in any link of the cross-chain request, a backtracking operation can be automatically triggered to ensure the consistency of the cross-chain transaction and reduce asset losses caused by technical failures.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the final confirmation step includes verifying the legitimacy and validity of the target chain execution result to ensure the consistency and non-tamperability of the cross-chain transaction.

[0025] If the verification passes, the source chain marks the cross-chain transaction as completed and updates the status of the relevant smart contract; if the verification fails, the exception handling process is triggered, the cross-chain transaction is rolled back, and the cause of the error is reported to the user.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) Improved flexibility and scalability of the system: Through the dynamic registration and deregistration mechanism of cross-chain nodes, the system can flexibly adjust the members participating in the cross-chain service according to actual needs. This dynamic management not only enhances the adaptability of the system, but also makes the interoperability between blockchain networks more efficient and convenient. Unlike the traditional fixed node configuration, the system of the present invention can automatically adjust in the event of a crash or redundancy, achieve optimal resource allocation and rapid recovery from faults, thereby ensuring the stable operation of cross-chain communication.

[0027] (2) Enhanced security and consistency of cross-chain transactions: The inter-chain communication protocol management module designed by the present invention is used in combination with the cross-chain data warehouse to ensure the authenticity and integrity of cross-chain information. The inter-chain communication protocol management module prevents various forms of information tampering and attacks by formulating strict interaction rules, information formats and security policies. The cross-chain data warehouse uses distributed database technology to ensure the high availability and security of cross-chain transaction information, and has a data integrity verification mechanism to prevent data tampering. In addition, the path selection mechanism based on graph calculation can avoid network congestion and improve communication efficiency, and the automatic backtracking operation can be triggered when an error occurs in any link of the cross-chain request, ensuring the consistency of cross-chain transactions and reducing asset losses caused by technical failures.

[0028] (3) Reduces the complexity of developers implementing cross-chain applications: The smart contract execution environment of the present invention can adaptively identify the differences between the source chain and the target chain smart contracts in cross-chain calls, and convert the call request into a format suitable for execution on the target chain through a bridging mechanism. This means that developers can deploy cross-chain smart contracts on each blockchain network without having to deeply understand the specific implementation details of each blockchain network, which greatly simplifies the development process of cross-chain applications. At the same time, the environment also supports the integration and configuration of multiple cross-chain protocols, such as HTLC and IBC, so that developers can choose the most appropriate protocol according to the specific application scenario, thereby improving the performance and user experience of cross-chain applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of the blockchain cross-chain communication system and communication method for a multi-chain architecture of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the blockchain cross-chain communication system and communication method for a multi-chain architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0032] The present invention provides a blockchain cross-chain communication system for a multi-chain architecture, including multiple heterogeneous blockchain networks, multiple cross-chain nodes, an inter-chain communication protocol management module, a smart contract execution environment, and a cross-chain data warehouse.

[0033] In the present invention, each heterogeneous blockchain network has its own independent data structure, consensus mechanism and smart contract implementation;

[0034] In the present invention, multiple cross-chain nodes are deployed between heterogeneous blockchain networks to perform cross-chain transaction verification, forwarding and status synchronization. Cross-chain nodes support dynamic registration and deregistration, and can adjust the participating members of cross-chain services according to actual needs, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0035] The inter-chain communication protocol management module in the present invention is used to manage the interaction rules, information formats and security policies between different blockchain networks to ensure the authenticity and integrity of cross-chain information. The inter-chain communication protocol management module adopts a modular design and supports communication protocols between multiple heterogeneous blockchains, including but not limited to HTLC (Hash Time Lock Contract) and IBC (Blockchain Interoperability Protocol), and allows the addition and removal of communication protocols to adapt to new technical standards that may appear in the future;

[0036] The smart contract execution environment in the present invention allows the deployment of smart contracts on each participating heterogeneous blockchain network to implement cross-chain calls for specific business logic. The smart contract execution environment can adaptively identify the differences between the source chain and the target chain smart contracts in the cross-chain call, and convert the call request into a format suitable for the target chain execution through a bridging mechanism, thereby reducing the complexity of developers in implementing cross-chain applications.

[0037] The cross-chain data warehouse in the present invention stores the metadata and status information of the transaction, provides persistent support for cross-chain transactions, and maintains the historical records of cross-chain activities. The cross-chain data warehouse adopts distributed database technology to support distributed storage and efficient query of data, ensuring the high availability and security of cross-chain transaction information, and has a data integrity verification mechanism to prevent data tampering.

[0038] The blockchain cross-chain communication method for a multi-chain architecture includes the following steps: S1, initiation of cross-chain request: users and systems initiate cross-chain transactions through source chains, specify target chains, cross-chain operation types and necessary parameters; S2, request verification and forwarding: cross-chain nodes verify the initiated cross-chain requests, ensure that the requests comply with cross-chain rules, and then forward the requests to the target chain along a preset path; S3, target chain operation execution: after receiving the request, the target link performs corresponding operations according to the request content and returns the execution result; S4, status synchronization and confirmation: the cross-chain node receives the execution result returned by the target chain, synchronously updates the transaction status in the cross-chain data warehouse, and feeds back the operation result to the source chain; S5, final confirmation of cross-chain transactions: after receiving the feedback result, the source link performs the necessary final confirmation steps to complete the cross-chain transaction.

[0039] In the request verification and forwarding steps of the present invention, a path selection mechanism based on graph calculation is adopted, which can dynamically adjust the path of cross-chain request forwarding, avoid network congestion, and improve the efficiency of cross-chain communication. When errors and failures occur in any link of the cross-chain request, the backtracking operation can be automatically triggered to ensure the consistency of cross-chain transactions and reduce asset losses caused by technical failures. The final confirmation step includes verifying the legitimacy and validity of the execution results of the target chain to ensure the consistency and non-tamperability of cross-chain transactions. If the verification is passed, the source chain marks the cross-chain transaction as completed and updates the status of the relevant smart contract; if the verification fails, the exception handling process is triggered, the cross-chain transaction is rolled back, and the cause of the error is reported to the user.

[0040] Example:

[0041] This embodiment provides a blockchain cross-chain communication system for a multi-chain architecture, which includes the following main components:

[0042] (1) Heterogeneous blockchain networks: three different blockchain networks: Chain A (Bitcoin chain), Chain B (Ethereum chain) and Chain C (consortium chain).

[0043] (2) Cross-chain nodes: multiple cross-chain nodes deployed between blockchain networks, including Node 1, Node 2, and Node 3.

[0044] (3) Inter-chain communication protocol management module: supports HTLC and IBC protocols, and can dynamically add new protocols based on demand.

[0045] (4) Smart contract execution environment: supports the deployment of smart contracts on chain A, chain B, and chain C to realize cross-chain calls of business logic.

[0046] (5) Cross-chain data warehouse: uses distributed database technology to store transaction metadata and status information.

[0047] Specific application scenarios:

[0048] A user wants to transfer 100 USD worth of Bitcoin assets from chain A to chain B into ERC-20 tokens in Ethereum. The following are the specific implementation steps:

[0049] (I) Initiation of cross-chain request:

[0050] The user initiates a cross-chain transaction through the smart contract of chain A, specifies the target chain as chain B, the cross-chain operation type as asset transfer, and provides necessary parameters such as target address, asset quantity, etc.

[0051] (II) Request verification and forwarding:

[0052] After receiving the cross-chain request from chain A, cross-chain node 1 first verifies the request to ensure that the request complies with the cross-chain rules. The verification content includes but is not limited to the validity of the transaction signature and the legitimacy of the asset quantity. After the verification is passed, the inter-chain communication protocol management module selects the HTLC protocol as the protocol for this cross-chain communication and generates a cross-chain transaction path for cross-chain node 1. Assume that the path is node 1> node 2> node 3> chain B. Cross-chain node 1 encapsulates the request in the format of the HTLC protocol and forwards it to node 2 through the preset path.

[0053] (III) Target chain operation execution:

[0054] After receiving the request, Node 2 continues to forward it to Node 3 along the path. After receiving the request, Node 3 performs the corresponding operation through the smart contract of Chain B, that is, converting the 100 USD Bitcoin assets into an ERC-20 token of equal value and sending it to the specified target address. Node 3 encapsulates the operation result as a response message and returns it to the previous node, Node 2.

[0055] (IV) Status synchronization and confirmation:

[0056] After receiving the response message from node 3, node 2 synchronously updates the transaction status in the cross-chain data warehouse and forwards the response message to node 1. After receiving the response message from node 2, node 1 synchronously updates the transaction status in the cross-chain data warehouse again and feeds back the operation results to chain A.

[0057] (V) Final confirmation of cross-chain transactions:

[0058] After receiving the feedback from Node 1, A Link verifies the legitimacy and validity of the target chain execution results. The verification content includes but is not limited to the successful transfer of ERC-20 tokens and the correctness of the target address. After the verification is passed, A Link marks the cross-chain transaction as completed and updates the status of the relevant smart contract. If the verification fails, the exception handling process is triggered, the cross-chain transaction is rolled back, and the cause of the error is reported to the user.

[0059] Dynamic path selection

[0060] In the above process, assuming that node 2 detects network congestion when forwarding the request, the inter-chain communication protocol management module dynamically adjusts the path through the path selection mechanism based on graph calculation, and selects a new path of node 1> node 4> node 3> chain B. Node 2 forwards the request to node 4 and continues to execute cross-chain transactions through the new path.

[0061] Automatic backtracking operation

[0062] Assume that when node 3 performs the target chain operation, the operation fails due to some reason (such as a smart contract error). Node 3 encapsulates the failure information as a response message and returns it to the previous node, node 4. After receiving the failure information, node 4 triggers a backtracking operation and returns the failure information to node 1 step by step. After receiving the failure information, node 1 reports the error to chain A and triggers the rollback of the cross-chain transaction to ensure the consistency of the cross-chain transaction.

[0063] Adaptive call of smart contract execution environment

[0064] The user deployed a smart contract on chain A, which involves sending transactions from chain A to chain B and chain C. The smart contract execution environment can adaptively identify the differences between chain A, chain B, and chain C, and convert the call request into a format suitable for execution on the target chain through a bridging mechanism. For example, the transaction data structure of chain A is different from that of chain B and chain C. The smart contract execution environment will automatically convert the transaction data of chain A into a format compatible with chain B and chain C, thereby simplifying the cross-chain application development process for developers.

[0065] Data integrity verification

[0066] The cross-chain data warehouse verifies data integrity every time it updates the transaction status. For example, when node 1 updates the transaction status to the cross-chain data warehouse, the data warehouse verifies the consistency and integrity of the transaction metadata and status information to ensure that the data has not been tampered with. In addition, the cross-chain data warehouse also supports efficient query, which facilitates auditing and monitoring the history of cross-chain activities.

[0067] Through the above embodiments, it can be seen that the cross-chain communication system of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of efficient interoperability, security, consistency and development convenience between multiple heterogeneous blockchain networks. This system can not only adapt to the current multi-chain architecture, but also provide a solid technical foundation for the development of future blockchain technology.

[0068] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain cross-chain communication system for multi-chain architecture, characterized by: Including multiple heterogeneous blockchain networks, multiple cross-chain nodes, inter-chain communication protocol management module, smart contract execution environment, cross-chain data warehouse, Each of the heterogeneous blockchain networks has its own independent data structure, consensus mechanism and smart contract implementation; The multiple cross-chain nodes are deployed between the heterogeneous blockchain networks to perform the verification, forwarding and status synchronization of cross-chain transactions; The inter-chain communication protocol management module is used to manage the interaction rules, information formats and security policies between different blockchain networks to ensure the authenticity and integrity of cross-chain information; The smart contract execution environment allows smart contracts to be deployed on participating heterogeneous blockchain networks to implement cross-chain calls for specific business logic; The cross-chain data warehouse stores the metadata and status information of the transaction, provides persistent support for cross-chain transactions, and maintains the historical records of cross-chain activities.

2. The blockchain cross-chain communication system for multi-chain architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-chain nodes support dynamic registration and deregistration, and can adjust the participating members of the cross-chain service according to actual needs, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system.

3. The blockchain cross-chain communication system for multi-chain architecture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inter-chain communication protocol management module adopts a modular design and supports communication protocols between multiple heterogeneous blockchains, including but not limited to HTLC (Hash Time Lock Contract) and IBC (Blockchain Interoperability Protocol), and allows the addition and removal of communication protocols to adapt to new technical standards that may emerge in the future.

4. The blockchain cross-chain communication system for multi-chain architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart contract execution environment can adaptively identify the differences between the source chain and target chain smart contracts in cross-chain calls, and convert the call requests into a format suitable for execution on the target chain through a bridging mechanism, thereby reducing the complexity of developers in implementing cross-chain applications.

5. The blockchain cross-chain communication system for multi-chain architecture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-chain data warehouse adopts distributed database technology to support distributed storage and efficient query of data, ensuring the high availability and security of cross-chain transaction information, and at the same time has a data integrity verification mechanism to prevent data tampering.

6. A blockchain cross-chain communication method for a multi-chain architecture, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, initiation of cross-chain request: users and systems initiate cross-chain transactions through the source chain, specifying the target chain, cross-chain operation type and necessary parameters; S2, request verification and forwarding: The cross-chain node verifies the initiated cross-chain request, ensures that the request complies with the cross-chain rules, and then forwards the request to the target chain according to the preset path; S3, target chain operation execution: after receiving the request, the target chain performs the corresponding operation according to the request content and returns the execution result; S4, status synchronization and confirmation: The cross-chain node receives the execution result returned by the target chain, synchronously updates the transaction status in the cross-chain data warehouse, and feeds back the operation result to the source chain; S5, final confirmation of cross-chain transactions: After receiving the feedback result, the source link performs the necessary final confirmation steps to complete the cross-chain transaction.

7. The blockchain cross-chain communication method for multi-chain architecture according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the request verification and forwarding steps, a path selection mechanism based on graph calculation is adopted, which can dynamically adjust the path of cross-chain request forwarding, avoid network congestion, and improve cross-chain communication efficiency.

8. The blockchain cross-chain communication method for multi-chain architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: When an error or failure occurs in any link of the cross-chain request, a backtracking operation can be automatically triggered to ensure the consistency of the cross-chain transaction and reduce asset losses caused by technical failures.

9. The blockchain cross-chain communication method for multi-chain architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The final confirmation step includes verifying the legitimacy and validity of the target chain execution results, ensuring the consistency and immutability of cross-chain transactions. If the verification passes, the source chain marks the cross-chain transaction as completed and updates the status of the relevant smart contract; if the verification fails, the exception handling process is triggered, the cross-chain transaction is rolled back, and the cause of the error is reported to the user.

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