Feed for relieving intestinal problems under cold stimulation condition and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed for relieving intestinal problems under a cold stimulation condition and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of broiler feeds, the feed comprises the following components: corn, soybean meal, corn protein powder, sodium chloride, a rutin additive, stone powder, soybean oil and a compound premix, and the feed is used for solving the problems of intestinal disorder and growth performance reduction of broilers under a low temperature condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of broiler feed, and in particular to a feed for alleviating intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Broilers are one of the most common poultry raised by humans. They have a very high meat-to-feed ratio and have become an indispensable meat food in life. Among them, the broiler breeding temperature has a significant impact on the growth, health, feed utilization and economic benefits of broilers. Frequent changes in temperature will interfere with the broiler's immune system, reduce its resistance, and increase the risk of disease. High temperature environments may cause broilers to suffer from heat stroke, breathing difficulties, fever, dehydration and other symptoms; low temperatures can cause colds, bronchitis and other diseases, and lead to digestive system disorders. The intestine is not only the main place for digestion and absorption of nutrients, but also the main secretory and immune organ of the animal body. At present, the solution to digestive system disorders caused by low temperatures is usually to add additives to the feed to improve intestinal morphology, enhance immunity and antioxidant capacity, which is an important and simple way to maintain broiler health and promote growth.

[0003] With the increasing demand for food safety, plant extracts such as flavonoids that do not leave toxic residues in animal products have a new trend as growth promoters and meat enhancers. Rutin is widely found in various food and medicinal plants. It is yellow-brown or light green needle-shaped or crystalline powder. It has multiple pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activity and immune enhancement. Studies have shown that rutin protects tissues and organs such as pancreatic islets, liver, kidneys, testicles, and brain from free radicals, can reduce oxidative stress, thereby improving the body's antioxidant function and strengthening the immune system. Therefore, it is a new idea to use cheap natural plant extracts as chicken feed additives to improve broiler growth performance and improve broiler intestinal function. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed that can alleviate intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of intestinal disorders and decreased growth performance of broiler chickens caused by cold stimulation under low temperature conditions.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0006] A feed for alleviating intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions, comprising the following ingredients: corn, soybean meal, corn protein powder, sodium chloride, rutin additive, stone powder, soybean oil, and composite premix.

[0007] Furthermore, the feed formula is as follows: 58.5-61% corn, 26-30% soybean meal, 4-4.5% corn protein powder, 0.3-0.35% sodium chloride, 2-4% rutin additive, 1-1.5% stone powder, 1-2.5% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix.

[0008] Furthermore, the compound premix is ​​a common mixture added to feed, mainly containing vitamins and amino acids, with bran as the carrier, providing 12000IU of vitamin A per kilogram; 2500IU of vitamin D3; 20IU of vitamin E; 1.3 mg of vitamin K3; 2.2 mg of thiamine; 8.0 mg of riboflavin; 40 mg of niacinamide; 10 mg of calcium pantothenate; 4 mg of quinoa; 0.04 mg of biotin; 1 mg of folic acid; 0.013 mg of vitamin B12; 80 mg of iron (from ferrous sulfate); 80 mg of copper (copper sulfate); 8.0 mg of manganese (manganese sulfate); 110 mg of zinc (zinc sulfate); 60 mg of iodine (calcium iodate); 0.3 mg of selenium (sodium selenite); 0.73 mg of total phosphorus; 660 mg of lysine; 550 mg of methionine + cysteine; and 200 mg of threonine.

[0009] Furthermore, the rutin additive comprises the following raw materials:

[0010] Rutin, gellan gum, calcium chloride, chitosan, polyethylene glycol, sodium butyrate, Tween, starch, edible oil.

[0011] Through research, we found that rutin can enhance immune response and reduce inflammation in broilers by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduce intestinal reactions under cold stimulation conditions, and rutin works in a dose-dependent manner. However, chickens have a relatively short intestine compared to mammals, and the retention time is low. Therefore, under actual conditions, the dose required to use rutin to alleviate intestinal reactions under cold stimulation conditions is too high. On this basis, the present invention prepares a rutin additive, prolongs the residence time of rutin in the intestine, promotes the body's absorption of rutin, and improves its effect under the condition of reducing the dosage of rutin.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention also discloses a method for preparing feed, which comprises uniformly mixing corn sieved through a 5-6 mm sieve, soybean meal sieved through a 3-4 mm sieve, corn protein powder, sodium chloride, a composite premix, stone powder and soybean oil, and then adding rutin additive and stirring to obtain feed.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle size of the rutin additive is 0.8-1 mm.

[0014] Feeds of different particle sizes will affect the circulation rate in the intestine and the residence time in the digestive tract of poultry. Although fine powder feeds can improve the utilization rate of feeds and reduce waste, they may cause digestive tract diseases, which is more significant under cold stimulation. Although coarse powder feeds strengthen the movement of the gizzard and reduce the probability of bacteria invading the gastrointestinal tract, the feed utilization rate is significantly reduced. Therefore, the feed of the present invention is equipped with three raw materials of different particle sizes, namely coarse, medium and fine, and large particles of corn and larger particles of soybean meal are retained in the front part of the digestive tract to enhance the digestive action of the gizzard and enzymes. At the same time, the rutin additives, corn protein powder, etc. prepared by the present invention are small-diameter particles, which quickly pass through the stomach into the intestine and are retained in the duodenum and other intestines, which can not only prolong the action time of rutin, but also improve the utilization rate.

[0015] Compared with humans or other mammals, the length of broiler villi is highest in the duodenum, the epithelial cells on the top surface of the villi of broiler chickens are more raised, and the number of villi is highest before 10 days of age. Therefore, the feed of the present invention is particularly suitable for broiler chickens.

[0016] Further, the preparation method of the rutin additive is as follows:

[0017] Step (1): edible oil, water, Tween and polyethylene glycol are mixed, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed of 3000-5000 rpm for 2-5 min, and then rutin is added, and the stirring is continued for 5-10 min to obtain a rutin emulsion;

[0018] Step (2): 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution are mixed and stirred to form a gel solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate are added, and the mixture is mixed again and then freeze-dried at low temperature, and then pulverized to obtain rutin composite powder;

[0019] Step (3): the rutin composite powder is mixed with cold-setting gum, corn starch and edible oil to form granules to obtain a rutin additive.

[0020] Preferably, the present invention adopts low acyl cold-setting gum.

[0021] Furthermore, the low-temperature freeze-drying is performed at -20°C to -25°C for 24-30 hours.

[0022] Rutin mainly protects the intestinal mucosa of the small intestine including the duodenum to control the occurrence of inflammatory reactions. Rutin has the best effect when it is absorbed in the intestinal part. Therefore, when preparing the rutin additive, the present invention first prepares edible oil, polyethylene glycol, rutin and other substances into an emulsion, and then prepares a composite powder with chitosan and calcium chloride to avoid the formation of a mixture that is difficult to mix evenly due to differences in solubility of rutin, resulting in a sudden release of rutin. At the same time, when preparing the rutin additive, the glue absorbs sodium butyrate, and sodium butyrate can promote the secretion of digestive tract enzymes, increase the activity of digestive tract enzymes, and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients by the intestine. In addition, sodium butyrate can also produce acid ions in the intestine, reduce the pH value in the intestine, create an acidic environment in the intestine, and help improve digestion efficiency. And cold-setting gum is added in the rutin additive. When the chicken eats the chicken feed, the feed is stored before the chicken crop. At this time, it is necessary to avoid the disintegration and expansion of the rutin additive, causing the crop to swell and then cause obstruction, causing the chicken to get sick. Therefore, the present invention adds a certain proportion of starch and edible oil when preparing the rutin additive, reduces the water absorption rate of the rutin additive, delays the disintegration time, and prompts the broiler to disintegrate after entering the intestine during the feeding process. At this time, the cold-setting gum in the rutin additive is released and produces gel and precipitation in the acidic environment promoted by the salt in the feed and sodium butyrate, and acts slowly in the intestine. In addition, the composite powder in the rutin additive releases calcium ions after disintegration, which not only has a calcium supplement effect on broiler chickens, but also can make the gellan gum further improve the adhesion in the intestine after gelling, and further prolong the action time of rutin.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step (1), the mass ratio of edible oil, water, Tween, polyethylene glycol and rutin is 2: (1-1.2): (0.5-1): (0.2-0.5): (1-5).

[0024] Furthermore, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the chitosan solution to the calcium chloride solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and the glue solution is (2-5): (0.1-0.2): (1-2).

[0025] Furthermore, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the rutin composite powder to cold-setting gum, starch and edible oil is (2-5): (0.1-0.15): (3-6): (0.2-0.3).

[0026] Furthermore, the feed is used for broiler chicken breeding.

[0027] Chicks are more sensitive to environmental temperature and are more likely to suffer from intestinal diseases under low or variable temperature conditions. Therefore, the feed of the present invention is preferably used for chick breeding. Of course, since the formula of the present invention has the advantages of high calories and high protein content, it is more suitable for the breeding of broiler chickens.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The high-protein feed prepared by the present invention is used for raising broiler chickens that are more sensitive to temperature changes. The addition of rutin to the feed can alleviate the intestinal reaction of broiler chickens under cold stimulation conditions. At the same time, rutin is made into a rutin additive, which can prolong the residence time of rutin in the intestine, promote the body's absorption of rutin, improve antioxidant capacity and growth performance under the condition of reducing the amount of rutin, reduce intestinal reaction, and provide help for promoting broiler breeding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0031] Example 1: Preparation of feed

[0032] The mass percentages of the feed are as follows: 60% corn, 28% soybean meal, 4.5% corn gluten meal, 0.3% sodium chloride, 3% rutin additive, 1.2% stone powder, 2% soybean oil, and 1% compound premix.

[0033] The composite premix is ​​a mixture, mainly containing vitamins and amino acids, with bran as the carrier, providing 12000IU of vitamin A per kilogram; 2500IU of vitamin D3; 20IU of vitamin E; 1.3 mg of vitamin K3; 2.2 mg of thiamine; 8.0 mg of riboflavin; 40 mg of niacinamide; 10 mg of calcium pantothenate; 4 mg of quinoline; 0.04 mg of biotin; 1 mg of folic acid; 0.013 mg of vitamin B12; 80 mg of iron (from ferrous sulfate); 80 mg of copper (copper sulfate); 8.0 mg of manganese (manganese sulfate); 110 mg of zinc (zinc sulfate); 60 mg of iodine (calcium iodate); 0.3 mg of selenium (sodium selenite); 0.73 mg of total phosphorus; 660 mg of lysine; 550 mg of methionine + cysteine; and 200 mg of threonine.

[0034] The preparation method of the rutin additive is as follows:

[0035] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 5 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1:0.5:0.3:3;

[0036] (2) 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution were mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate were added, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and glue solution was 2:0.1:1, and after mixing again, the mixture was freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours, and pulverized to obtain rutin composite powder;

[0037] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with low-acyl cold-setting gum, corn starch, and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:0.2 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm to obtain a rutin additive.

[0038] The corn that has passed a 5 mm sieve, the soybean meal that has passed a 3 mm sieve, the corn protein powder, the sodium chloride, the composite premix, the stone powder, the soybean oil are mixed, and then the rutin additive is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the feed.

[0039] Example 2: Preparation of feed

[0040] The mass percentages of the feed are as follows: 58.5% corn, 29.15% soybean meal, 4% corn gluten powder, 0.35% sodium chloride, 3% rutin additive, 1.5% stone powder, 2.5% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix, wherein the composite premix has the same composition as that of Example 1.

[0041] The preparation method of the rutin additive is as follows:

[0042] (1) Soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 4000 rpm for 3 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 8 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1.2:1:0.2:1;

[0043] (2) 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution were mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate were added, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and glue solution was 5:0.2:2, and after mixing evenly, low-temperature freeze-drying was performed at -20°C for 24 hours, and rutin composite powder was obtained after crushing;

[0044] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with low-acyl cold-setting gum, corn starch, and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 3:0.12:4:0.25 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 1 mm, thereby obtaining a rutin additive.

[0045] The corn that has passed a 6 mm sieve, the soybean meal that has passed a 4 mm sieve, the corn protein powder, the sodium chloride, the composite premix, the stone powder, the soybean oil are mixed, and then the rutin additive is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the feed.

[0046] Example 3: Preparation of feed

[0047] The mass percentages of the feed are as follows: 61% corn, 26% soybean meal, 4.5% corn gluten powder, 0.3% sodium chloride, 4% rutin additive, 1.2% stone powder, 2% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix, wherein the composite premix has the same composition as that of Example 1.

[0048] The preparation method of the rutin additive is as follows:

[0049] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 5000 rpm for 2 min, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 10 min to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1.2:0.8:0.5:5;

[0050] (2) 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution were mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate were added, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and glue solution was 3:0.2:1, and after mixing evenly, low-temperature freeze-drying was performed at -20°C for 24 hours, and rutin composite powder was obtained after crushing;

[0051] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with low-acyl cold-setting gum, corn starch, and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 5:0.15:6:0.3 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 1 mm, thereby obtaining a rutin additive.

[0052] The corn that has passed a 5 mm sieve, the soybean meal that has passed a 3 mm sieve, the corn protein powder, the sodium chloride, the composite premix, the stone powder, the soybean oil are mixed, and then the rutin additive is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the feed.

[0053] Comparative Example 1:

[0054] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the difference being that rutin is directly added, and the specific feed mass percentage ratio is as follows:

[0055] 60% corn, 28% soybean meal, 6% corn gluten meal, 0.3% sodium chloride, 1.5% rutin, 1.2% stone powder, 2% soybean oil, 1% compound premix.

[0056] The corn that has passed through a 5 mm sieve, the soybean meal that has passed through a 3 mm sieve, corn protein powder, sodium chloride, a composite premix, stone powder, and soybean oil are mixed, and then rutin is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly again to obtain a feed.

[0057] Comparative Example 2:

[0058] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed raw material ratio remains unchanged, the difference lies in the different preparation methods of the added rutin additive, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0059] (1) 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution are mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then rutin and sodium butyrate are added, wherein the mass ratio of rutin, sodium butyrate and the glue solution is 0.15:0.1:1, and after mixing, low-temperature freeze-drying is performed at -20°C for 24 hours, and rutin composite powder is obtained after crushing;

[0060] (2) The rutin composite powder is mixed with cold-setting gum, corn starch and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:0.2 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm to obtain a rutin additive.

[0061] Comparative Example 3:

[0062] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed raw material ratio remains unchanged, the difference lies in the different preparation methods of the added rutin additive, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0063] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 5 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1:0.5:0.3:3;

[0064] (2) adding rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate to a 3 wt % chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and chitosan solution is 2:0.1:1, mixing well, and performing low-temperature freeze-drying at -20°C for 30 hours, and obtaining rutin composite powder after crushing;

[0065] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with cold-setting gum, corn starch and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:0.2 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm to obtain a rutin additive.

[0066] Comparative Example 4:

[0067] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed ratio remains unchanged, the difference lies in the different preparation methods of the added rutin additive, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0068] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 5 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1:0.5:0.3:3;

[0069] (2) After the rutin emulsion is mixed with corn starch and soybean oil and stirred evenly, it is dried at a temperature of 45°C for 1 hour, and then sodium butyrate and gellan gum are added and stirred evenly, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion to gellan gum, corn starch, soybean oil and sodium butyrate is 5:0.1:3:0.2:0.05. After mixing, particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm are obtained to obtain a rutin additive.

[0070] Comparative Example 5:

[0071] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed ratio remains unchanged, the difference is that the preparation method of the added rutin additive is different, specifically, sodium butyrate is not added, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0072] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 5 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1:0.5:0.3:3;

[0073] (2) mixing 3 wt % chitosan solution and 8 wt % calcium chloride solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then adding rutin emulsion, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion to glue solution is 2:1, mixing evenly, and performing low-temperature freeze-drying at -20°C for 24 hours, and obtaining rutin composite powder after crushing;

[0074] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with cold-setting gum, corn starch and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:0.2 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm to obtain a rutin additive.

[0075] Comparative Example 6:

[0076] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed ratio remains unchanged, the difference lies in the different preparation methods of the added rutin additive, specifically, sodium carboxymethyl starch is used to replace gellan gum, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0077] (1) soybean oil, water, Tween-80, and polyethylene glycol were mixed, stirred at a high speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then rutin was added, and the stirring was continued for 5 minutes to obtain a rutin emulsion; wherein the mass ratio of edible oil (soybean oil), water, Tween-80, polyethylene glycol, and rutin was 2:1:0.5:0.3:3;

[0078] (2) 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution were mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form a glue solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate were added, wherein the mass ratio of rutin emulsion, sodium butyrate and glue solution was 2:0.1:1, and after mixing evenly, low-temperature freeze-drying was performed at -20°C for 24 hours, and rutin composite powder was obtained after crushing;

[0079] (3) The rutin composite powder is mixed with sodium carboxymethyl starch, corn starch, and soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:0.1:3:0.2 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm to obtain a rutin additive.

[0080] Comparative Example 7:

[0081] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the feed ratio remains unchanged, the difference is that the preparation method of the added rutin additive is different, specifically, no starch and edible oil are added, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0082] The steps of preparing the rutin composite powder from step (1) to step (2) are the same;

[0083] (3) The prepared rutin composite powder and cold-setting gum are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:0.1 to prepare particles with a particle size of about 0.8 mm, thereby obtaining a rutin additive.

[0084] Comparative Example 8:

[0085] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, and the feed ratio remains unchanged. The difference lies in the different preparation methods of the added rutin additive. Specifically, the rutin composite powder prepared according to Example 1 is directly used as the rutin additive.

[0086] Feeding experiments were carried out on the feeds prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-8.

[0087] Experiment 1: Broiler growth performance experiment

[0088] One-day-old male broilers weighing approximately 40 g were purchased from a local hatchery and randomly divided into 9 groups, 10 in each group, with 3 replicates. The chickens were fed with a basal diet (meeting the NRC, 1994 standard) every day for the first 3 days, with free access to food and water; starting from the 4th day, they were fed with the diet prepared by each group every day, with free access to food and water, until the 21st day.

[0089] The feed mass percentages used in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2-8 are: 60% corn, 28% soybean meal, 4.5% corn gluten meal, 0.3% sodium chloride, 3% rutin additive, 1.2% stone powder, 2% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix.

[0090] The mass percentages of the feed used in Comparative Example 1 are: 60% corn, 28% soybean meal, 6% corn gluten meal, 0.3% sodium chloride, 1.5% rutin, 1.2% stone powder, 2% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix.

[0091] The weight percentage of the blank control feed was: 60.5% corn, 29% soybean meal, 6% corn gluten meal, 0.3% sodium chloride, 1.2% rock powder, 2% soybean oil, and 1% compound premix, and the mice were fed ad libitum.

[0092] The corn was sieved through a 5mm sieve, the soybean meal was sieved through a 3mm sieve, and the particles of the rutin additive were about 0.8mm.

[0093] The lighting conditions for feeding are: 1-3 days: 21h L: 3h D; 4-21 days: 18h L: 6h D; the feeding temperature is constant at 34±1℃ for the first three days, and then on the 4th, 11th and 18th days, it is reduced by 3℃ based on the temperature of the day until the end of feeding, and the relative humidity is 45-55%.

[0094] The final weight after 21 days of feeding was counted and the average daily weight gain and feed-to-meat ratio were calculated. The data obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0095] Table 1

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Experiment 2:

[0099] On the 21st day, one broiler chicken (fasted for 12 hours) was randomly selected from each group and each replicate and euthanized. Antioxidant parameters of the small intestinal mucosa were collected, including malondialdehyde (MDA, catalog number A003-1-2) concentration and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD, catalog number A001-1-2a) and catalase (CAT, catalog number A007-2-1) activities. The test was measured using the corresponding kit provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Technology Co., Ltd. The data obtained are shown in Table 2:

[0100] Table 2

[0101] CAT(U / mgprot) MDA (nmol / mgprot) SOD (U / mgprot) Example 1 40.21 1.11 70.18 Comparative Example 1 37.89 1.34 67.92 Comparative Example 2 39.05 1.26 68.97 Comparative Example 3 38.73 1.28 68.01 Comparative Example 4 39.87 1.25 69.73 Comparative Example 5 37.99 1.33 68.12 Comparative Example 6 39.02 1.3 68.27 Comparative Example 7 38.82 1.27 68.18 Comparative Example 8 37.78 1.33 68.02 Blank control 29.27 1.73 57.69

[0102] Analyzing the above data, we can see that:

[0103] 1. Compared with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that rutin improves the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability of the small intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens under cold stimulation conditions, thereby promoting the growth performance of broilers. However, compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 can directly add rutin by mixing it with feed, and its effect is not good.

[0104] 2. Compared with Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, in Comparative Example 2, rutin is not made into an emulsion, but is directly mixed with a glue solution, which will cause rutin and chitosan, calcium chloride, etc. to form a mixture that is difficult to mix evenly due to the difference in solubility, resulting in a sudden release of rutin during the release process. Rutin is difficult to act on the intestine continuously and smoothly, and further manifested as difficulty in alleviating oxidative stress response under cold stimulation conditions.

[0105] 3. Compared with Example 3, no calcium chloride is added to the gel solution in Example 3; in Example 4, the rutin emulsion is directly made into additive granules; calcium chloride not only plays a role in calcium supplementation in feed, but also combines with gellan gum to improve the adhesion of rutin added in the intestine. Under the condition of alleviating cold stimulation, rutin protects the intestine of chicks, alleviates oxidative stress, increases the CAT and SOD contents in the intestine, and reduces the MDA content. When the rutin emulsion and gellan gum are directly mixed to form granules, part of the cold gellan gum forms a gel during the mixing process, which causes the chicken to reduce the feed intake of the rutin additive during the feeding process and may adhere to the crop position in advance, making it difficult to adhere to the intestinal tract, resulting in reduced growth performance and antioxidant performance.

[0106] 4. Compared with Comparative Example 5, Example 1 did not add sodium butyrate, and the feeding effect and antioxidant capacity of the feed were both reduced. This is because sodium butyrate itself helps to improve the digestion effect, and can also be combined with other raw materials to synergistically promote the production of gellan gum gel, so that rutin can be absorbed as much as possible in the intestine, thereby improving growth performance and antioxidant capacity.

[0107] 5. Example 1 Compared with Comparative Example 6, sodium carboxymethyl starch is used to replace cold-setting gum, Comparative Example 7 does not add starch and edible oil, and Comparative Example 8 does not add cold-setting gum, starch and edible oil, and directly uses rutin powder. After rutin is made into a granular additive, the present invention releases rutin in the intestinal tract to avoid premature disintegration in other parts, and avoids the influence caused by the habit of chickens storing food in the crop. Therefore, corn starch and edible oil are added to the rutin additive in the present invention to reduce the water absorption rate to prevent gellan gum from gelling in advance and then adhering to other parts, and at the same time, the amount of gellan gum can be reduced to avoid excessive expansion of the additive to cause chicken intestinal reaction, and the expansion and disintegration properties of sodium carboxymethyl starch are too strong and not suitable.

[0108] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A feed that alleviates intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions, characterized in that: The feed comprises the following ingredients: corn, soybean meal, corn protein powder, sodium chloride, rutin additive, stone powder, soybean oil and composite premix.

2. A feed for alleviating intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed formula is as follows: 58.5-61% corn, 26-30% soybean meal, 4-4.5% corn protein powder, 0.3-0.35% sodium chloride, 2-4% rutin additive, 1-1.5% stone powder, 1-2.5% soybean oil, and 1% composite premix.

3. A feed for alleviating intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rutin additive comprises the following raw materials: Rutin, gellan gum, calcium chloride, chitosan, polyethylene glycol, sodium butyrate, Tween, starch, edible oil.

4. A method for preparing a feed for alleviating intestinal problems under cold stimulation conditions, characterized in that: The corn that has passed through a 5-6 mm sieve, the soybean meal that has passed through a 3-4 mm sieve, the corn protein powder, the sodium chloride, the composite premix, the soybean oil and the stone powder are uniformly mixed, and then the rutin additive is added and stirred uniformly to obtain the feed.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the rutin additive is as follows: Step (1): edible oil, water, Tween and polyethylene glycol are mixed, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed of 3000-5000 rpm for 2-5 min, and then rutin is added, and the stirring is continued for 5-10 min to obtain a rutin emulsion; Step (2): 3 wt% chitosan solution and 8 wt% calcium chloride solution are mixed and stirred to form a gel solution, and then rutin emulsion and sodium butyrate are added, and the mixture is mixed again and then freeze-dried at low temperature, and then pulverized to obtain rutin composite powder; Step (3): the rutin composite powder is mixed with cold-setting gum, starch and edible oil to form granules to obtain a rutin additive.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass ratio of edible oil, water, Tween, polyethylene glycol and rutin is 2: (1-1.2): (0.5-1): (0.2-0.5): (1-5).

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (2), the mass ratio of the chitosan solution to the calcium chloride solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the rutin emulsion, the sodium butyrate and the glue solution is (2-5): (0.1-0.2): (1-2).

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (3), the mass ratio of the rutin composite powder to cold-setting gum, starch and edible oil is (2-5): (0.1-0.15): (3-6): (0.2-0.3).

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The particle size of the rutin additive is 0.8-1 mm.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The prepared feed is used for raising chicks.

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