Method for collecting volatile organic compounds in lung cancer early screening exhaled gas

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of clinical gas collection, and particularly relates to a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in lung cancer early screening exhaled gas, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, before collection, environment preparation, article preparation and patient preparation are carried out; s2, during collection, the actions are divided into patient actions and investigator actions, and the patient actions comprise gargling with clean water, normal breathing, inspiration with the nose and expiration with the mouth; s3, after collection, sample transportation and storage treatment are carried out, in the step S1, the environment is prepared as an air circulation room, articles comprise a Tedlar bag, an adsorption pipe, a gas pump and a constant temperature box, the adsorption pipe is used for concentrating and collecting VOCs in exhaled air, the gas pump is used for guiding gas in the Tedlar bag into the adsorption pipe, the flow speed is 250 ml / min, and the adsorption pipe is connected to the gas outlet end of the gas pump. According to the invention, heterogeneity in a lung cancer expiration collection method in clinical research can be reduced, and implementation of gas collection standardization in future expiration early screening and early diagnosis lung cancer research can be promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of clinical gas collection, and in particular relates to a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled gas for early screening of lung cancer. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the screening and diagnosis of diseases by exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has attracted much attention in the field of lung cancer due to its advantages such as non-invasiveness, easy sample acquisition, high patient acceptability and high sensitivity.

[0003] However, due to the lack of unified technical standards for breath collection, sample processing and analysis, there are large differences in the VOCs concentration ranges obtained in different studies, which makes it difficult to compare the research results horizontally, which also limits the widespread application of breath biopsy in clinical practice. First, in terms of patient preparation before collection, some studies asked patients to fast for 8-12 hours before breath collection, while others simply avoided consuming stimulating beverages such as coffee and alcohol. In terms of the choice of containers for collecting exhaled gas, there are Tedlar bags, aluminum foil bags, Bio-VOC samplers, homemade breath samplers, etc. In terms of the collected breath fractions, there are mixed breath and alveolar gas, and there are also differences in the methods of collecting mixed breath and alveolar gas. In terms of the transportation and storage of samples after collection, there are different methods such as room temperature, 4°C constant temperature box, and -40°C refrigerator.

[0004] In order to conduct more accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of exhaled VOCs, it is necessary to rationally optimize the exhaled breath collection method to develop uniform standards for exhaled breath collection, sample processing, and analysis techniques, thereby improving the comparability and reliability of research results. Standardized breath collection methods are crucial for disseminating research results and promoting the clinical application of this non-invasive breath test method.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled gas for early screening of lung cancer.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer, which can solve the problem of lack of unified technical standards for exhaled breath collection, sample processing and analysis.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows: A method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled gas for early screening of lung cancer comprises the following steps: S1. Before collection: prepare the environment, items and patients; S2, during collection: divided into patient actions and investigator actions, among which the patient actions are gargling with water, breathing normally, inhaling through the nose, and exhaling through the mouth; S3. After collection: transport and store samples.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in S1, the environment is prepared as a room with air circulation, and the items prepared include Tedlar bags, adsorption tubes, gas pumps and constant temperature boxes. The adsorption tubes are used to concentrate and collect VOCs in exhaled air, and the gas pump is used to introduce the gas in the Tedlar bag into the adsorption tubes with a flow rate of 250 ml / min. The adsorption tubes are connected to the gas outlet of the gas pump. The patient is prepared to fast and not smoke for 8 hours and rest for 30 minutes.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the capacity of the Tedlar bag is 1 L, and the constant temperature of the thermostat is 4°C.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the Tedlar bag comprises a bag body, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the bag body, a mouthpiece is sleeved on the air inlet pipe, and the patient's exhaled gas enters the bag body through the mouthpiece and the air inlet pipe and is collected; The air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the gas pump, and the gas collected in the bag body is discharged through the air outlet pipe under the action of the gas pump.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the air inlet pipe is connected to a branch pipe, and a first control valve is installed on the branch pipe. When the carbon dioxide concentration in the patient's exhaled gas does not reach 4%, the first control valve is opened, and the exhaled gas can be discharged from the air inlet pipe through the branch pipe; A second control valve is installed on the air inlet pipe. When the carbon dioxide concentration in the patient's exhaled gas reaches 4%, the first control valve is closed and the second control valve is opened. The patient's exhaled gas enters the bag body through the mouthpiece and the air inlet pipe to collect the patient's alveolar gas.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mouthpiece is connected to an extension portion, and a sealing pad is provided on one side of the extension portion, and the sealing pad can fully contact the contour of the patient's mouth, thereby preventing external gas from entering the bag body through the mouthpiece and the air inlet pipe, so as to ensure the collection effect of the patient's exhaled gas and reduce subsequent detection errors; The sealing pad is connected with a plurality of insertion columns, and the installation and fixation of the extension part and the blowing nozzle can be realized through the mutual cooperation between the insertion columns and the insertion holes.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the extension portion is provided with an insertion hole matching the insertion column, and the sealing gasket is in contact with the extension portion.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a carbon dioxide sensor is installed in the air intake pipe, and the carbon dioxide sensor is used to detect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the patient's exhaled gas; The air outlet pipe is provided with a third control valve. When the third control valve is opened, the gas pump is operated to extract the patient's exhaled gas collected in the bag.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in S2, the patient rinses his mouth with water three times, and exhales into the bag through the mouthpiece with his mouth. The investigator's actions include collecting ambient gas and using a gas pump to introduce the gas in the bag into the adsorption tube, which takes 4 minutes.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301, Investigators use a constant temperature box to store and transport gas samples to the laboratory; S302. Investigators complete sample analysis within 6 hours.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Make a modified version of the Tedlar bag to avoid saliva contamination; (2) Real-time monitoring of carbon dioxide concentration to ensure the accuracy of sampled gas; (3) The breath collection method is less susceptible to interference from exogenous compounds; (4) The breath collection method is simple and easy to operate; (5) A breath collection method proposed based on existing research provides a reference for the standardization of subsequent breath collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A three-dimensional diagram of a Tedlar bag in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle; Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a Tedlar bag in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle; Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a front view of a Tedlar bag in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Description of main reference numerals: 1-bag body, 2-air inlet pipe, 201-nozzle, 202-branch pipe, 2021-extension part, 2022-sealing pad, 2023-insertion column, 203-first control valve, 204-second control valve, 3-air outlet pipe, 4-carbon dioxide sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled gas for early screening of lung cancer in one embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Before collection: prepare the environment, items and patients; S2, during collection: divided into patient actions and investigator actions, among which the patient actions are gargling with water, breathing normally, inhaling through the nose, and exhaling through the mouth; S3. After collection: transport and store samples.

[0024] In S1, the environment is prepared as a room with good ventilation, and the items prepared include Tedlar bags, adsorption tubes, gas pumps, and thermostats. The adsorption tubes are used to concentrate and collect VOCs in exhaled air, and the gas pump is used to introduce the gas in the Tedlar bag into the adsorption tubes at a flow rate of 250 ml / min. The adsorption tubes are connected to the outlet of the gas pump. The patient is prepared to fast and not smoke for 8 hours and rest for 30 minutes.

[0025] In addition, the capacity of the Tedlar bag was 1 L, and the constant temperature of the thermostat was 4°C.

[0026] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the Tedlar bag comprises a bag body 1, to which an air inlet pipe 2 and an air outlet pipe 3 are connected. The patient's exhaled gas enters the bag body 1 through the air inlet pipe 2, and is then discharged through the air outlet pipe 3.

[0027] The air inlet pipe 2 is provided with a mouthpiece 201, which is convenient for the patient to collect the exhaled air into the bag body 1. The mouthpiece 201 is a disposable mouthpiece.

[0028] In addition, the air intake pipe 2 is connected to a branch pipe 202, and a first control valve 203 is installed on the branch pipe 202. When the carbon dioxide concentration in the patient's exhaled gas does not reach 4%, the first control valve 203 is opened, and the exhaled gas can be discharged from the air intake pipe 2 through the branch pipe 202.

[0029] Specifically, a second control valve 204 is installed on the air inlet pipe 2. When the carbon dioxide concentration in the patient's exhaled gas reaches 4%, the first control valve 203 is closed and the second control valve 204 is opened. The patient's exhaled gas enters the bag body 1 through the mouthpiece 201 and the air inlet pipe 2 to collect the patient's alveolar gas.

[0030] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the mouthpiece 201 is connected to an extension part 2021, and a sealing pad 2022 is provided on one side of the extension part 2021. The sealing pad 2022 can fully contact the contour of the patient's mouth, thereby preventing external gas from entering the bag body 1 through the mouthpiece 201 and the air inlet pipe 2, so as to reduce the interference of exogenous compounds, thereby ensuring the collection effect of the patient's exhaled gas and reducing subsequent detection errors.

[0031] The sealing gasket 2022 is connected with a plurality of insertion posts 2023, and the extension part 2021 is provided with insertion holes matching the insertion posts 2023, and the sealing gasket 2022 is in contact with the extension part 2021. Through the cooperation between the insertion posts 2023 and the insertion holes, the extension part 2021 and the mouthpiece 201 can be installed and fixed.

[0032] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the air outlet pipe 3 is connected to the air inlet end of the gas pump, and the gas collected in the bag body 1 is discharged through the air outlet pipe 3 under the action of the gas pump.

[0033] Among them, a third control valve is installed on the air outlet pipe 3. When the third control valve is opened, the gas pump is operated to extract the patient's exhaled gas collected in the bag body 1, and saliva contamination can be avoided at the same time.

[0034] In addition, a carbon dioxide sensor 4 is installed in the air intake pipe 2, and the carbon dioxide sensor 4 is used to monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in real time to ensure the accuracy of the sampled gas.

[0035] In S2, the patient rinsed his mouth with water three times, and exhaled into the bag 1 through the mouthpiece 201. The investigator's actions included collecting environmental gas and using a gas pump to introduce the gas in the bag 1 into the adsorption tube, which took 4 minutes.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301, Investigators use a constant temperature box to store and transport gas samples to the laboratory; S302. Investigators complete sample analysis within 6 hours.

[0037] In summary, the method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer disclosed in the present invention can reduce the heterogeneity of exhaled gas collection methods for early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer in clinical studies, and promote the implementation of standardized exhaled gas collection in future exhaled gas screening and diagnosis of lung cancer research.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0039] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before collection: prepare the environment, items and patients; S2, during collection: divided into patient actions and investigator actions, among which the patient actions are gargling with water, breathing normally, inhaling through the nose, and exhaling through the mouth; S3. After collection: transport and store samples.

2. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the environment is prepared as a room with good air circulation, and the items prepared include Tedlar bags, adsorption tubes, gas pumps and a constant temperature box. The adsorption tubes are connected to the gas outlet of the gas pump. The patient is prepared to fast and not smoke for 8 hours and rest for 30 minutes.

3. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The capacity of the Tedlar bag is 1 L, and the constant temperature of the thermostat is 4°C.

4. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Tedlar bag comprises a bag body, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the bag body, a blowing nozzle is sleeved on the air inlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the gas pump.

5. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air intake pipe is connected with a branch pipe, the branch pipe is installed with a first control valve, and the air intake pipe is installed with a second control valve.

6. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blowing nozzle is connected with an extension part, one side of the extension part is provided with a sealing gasket, and the sealing gasket is connected with a plurality of insertion columns.

7. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extension part is provided with an insertion hole matching the insertion column, and the sealing pad is in contact with the extension part.

8. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A carbon dioxide sensor is installed in the air inlet pipe, and a third control valve is installed on the air outlet pipe.

9. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S2, the patient rinsed his mouth with water three times, and exhaled into the bag through the mouthpiece. The investigator's actions included collecting ambient gas and using a gas pump to introduce the gas in the bag into the adsorption tube, which took 4 minutes.

10. The method for collecting volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for early screening of lung cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301, Investigators use a constant temperature box to store and transport gas samples to the laboratory; S302. Investigators complete sample analysis within 6 hours.

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