A gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor

Abstract

This invention relates to a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor, comprising a horizontally arranged cylindrical body and a reaction tube disposed within the cylindrical body and extending axially along the cylindrical body; the reaction tube is filled with a catalyst; a heating chamber is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube and the inner wall of the cylindrical body; a heating medium in the heating chamber heats the reaction tube; a gas-liquid mixture enters from the inlet of the reaction tube, and its finished product flows out from the outlet of the reaction tube; while the gas-liquid mixture reacts within the reaction tube, the reaction tube rotates, and the cylindrical body oscillates reciprocally; when the reaction tube rotates, its axis remains parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body, and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body; when the cylindrical body oscillates, the angle between it and the horizontal plane changes. The beneficial effects of the above configuration are: 1. Eliminating short-circuit phenomena; 2. Extending gas residence time and increasing gas flow path; 3. Extending catalyst life; 4. Preventing packing caking; 5. The catalyst is always in a loose state, making it easy to remove and thus facilitating catalyst replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas-liquid catalytic reaction device technology, specifically a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production processes, catalytic reactions, as an important class of chemical reactions, are widely used in various processes such as catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic chlorination. These reactions typically involve the interaction between gas and liquid phases in the presence of a catalyst. The mass transfer efficiency between the gas and liquid phases, as well as between the gas, solid, and liquid phases, directly determines the reaction rate and product selectivity. Efficient mass transfer processes can promote effective contact between reactant molecules, thereby increasing the reaction rate and reducing the formation of byproducts.

[0003] Traditional fixed-bed reactors, due to their structural characteristics, are typically arranged vertically and filled with catalyst packing. While this design simplifies reactor construction and operation to some extent, it has revealed several significant drawbacks in practical applications.

[0004] First, due to the dense packing, the heat generated during the reaction is difficult to transfer away or be absorbed quickly, leading to localized overheating or underheating inside the reactor. This not only affects the reaction rate but may also trigger side reactions, generating a large number of unnecessary byproducts, or cause the reaction process to slow down too much, reducing production efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, as the reaction continues, the gas and liquid phases often form a preferred flow path, or "short circuit," when passing through the same channel due to the wettability of the packing surface and hydrodynamic effects. This short circuit phenomenon severely weakens the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, preventing some catalysts from fully exerting their catalytic effect and further reducing the selectivity and conversion rate of the reaction.

[0006] Furthermore, prolonged reaction processes can lead to physical and chemical bonding between packing particles, resulting in caking. Caking not only hinders effective fluid flow and reduces mass transfer efficiency, but also increases the pressure drop in the reactor. In severe cases, it can even cause reactor blockage, requiring shutdown for cleaning and maintenance.

[0007] Finally, the replacement process for compacted packing is often complex and time-consuming, which not only increases operating costs but may also adversely affect the entire production process due to excessive downtime. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the technical problems in the background art, the present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor.

[0009] The present invention provides a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, comprising a horizontally arranged cylindrical body and a reaction tube disposed inside the cylindrical body and extending along the axial direction of the cylindrical body;

[0010] The local space inside the reaction tube is filled with a catalyst;

[0011] A heating chamber is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube and the inner wall of the barrel; the heating medium in the heating chamber heats the reaction tube.

[0012] The gas-liquid mixture enters from the inlet of the reaction tube, and the finished product flows out from the outlet of the reaction tube;

[0013] While the gas-liquid mixture reacts inside the reaction tube, the reaction tube rotates and the cylinder oscillates back and forth.

[0014] When the reaction tube rotates, its axis remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder, and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

[0015] When the cylinder swings, the angle between it and the horizontal plane changes;

[0016] When the cylinder swings to an inclination relative to the horizontal plane or when the reaction tube rotates, the high end of the reaction tube has a void formed due to the accumulation of catalyst at the low end of the reaction tube.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above setup are: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomena: By rotating the reaction tube within the cylinder while the cylinder reciprocates, the catalyst packed inside the reaction tube is ensured to be constantly tumbling up, down, left, and right. This dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thus significantly reducing the possibility of short-circuiting in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, improving reaction efficiency and uniformity. 2. Extension of gas residence time and increase of gas flow path: The rotation of the reaction tube not only promotes thorough mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the catalyst space but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst through the transverse flow of liquid and gas. Furthermore, as the reaction tube rotates, the gas flow exhibits up-and-down floating characteristics in the liquid phase, further enriching the gas flow path. 1. Dynamic path, which is beneficial to improve the sufficiency and conversion rate of gas-liquid reaction; 2. Extend catalyst life: The dynamic movement of the reaction tube causes slight friction and vibration between the catalysts. This physical effect helps to reduce deposits on the catalyst surface and prevent catalyst poisoning, thereby significantly extending the catalyst life. This not only reduces operating costs but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 3. Prevent packing caking: Through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, caking can be effectively prevented. This dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly extending the packing life and replacement cycle, reducing maintenance costs and downtime; 4. The catalyst is always in a loose state, which is easy to remove and thus facilitates catalyst replacement.

[0018] The rotatable structure of the reaction tube is as follows: Two side-by-side left and right plates are arranged inside the cylinder; the left and right plates are connected by a connecting rod; the reaction tube is sandwiched between the left and right plates; a left end cap and a right end cap are respectively connected to the outer sides of the left and right plates, forming a feed chamber communicating with the reaction tube between the left and left end caps, and a discharge chamber communicating with the reaction tube between the right and right end caps; a feed pipe communicating with the feed chamber is axially extended from the left end cap, and the feed pipe is rotatably connected to one end of the cylinder; a discharge pipe communicating with the discharge chamber is axially extended from the right end cap, and the discharge pipe is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder; a driven gear is connected to the feed pipe by a sleeve; the driven gear meshes with a driving gear; the drive end of the first reduction motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear.

[0019] To prevent the catalyst from flowing out of the reaction tube, a further design is made: the left and right side plates are provided with through holes to connect the reaction tube with the feed chamber and the discharge chamber; the through holes are covered with sieve plates; the sieve holes on the sieve plates are smaller than the particle size of the catalyst.

[0020] The size of the local space directly affects the amount of catalyst and thus the reaction efficiency. Based on this, a further improvement is to make the local space occupy 8 / 9 to 9 / 10 of the reaction tube volume.

[0021] The specific structure of the cylinder swing is as follows: two symmetrical and coaxially arranged rotating shafts extend radially from the cylinder. The rotating shafts are inserted into a fixed first bearing with a seat to achieve a rotating connection. An electric cylinder is provided at the lower end of the cylinder opening and closing end. The bottom of the electric cylinder body is hinged to the cylinder body seat, and the drive end of the electric cylinder is hinged to the cylinder body.

[0022] Below the cylinder, along its axial direction and on both sides of the rotating shaft, are gas springs. The lower end of the gas spring housing is hinged to the housing seat, and the drive end of the gas spring is hinged to the cylinder. The gas springs support the cylinder to prevent it from rotating too quickly or with too large an amplitude, which could cause danger.

[0023] The degree of mixing between gaseous and liquid feedstocks directly affects reaction efficiency. Therefore, a further improvement is made: a mixing pipe is connected to the outer end of the feed pipe, where the gaseous and liquid feedstocks mix before flowing into the feed pipe; the mixing pipe includes a throat, with the liquid feedstock flowing in from one end; the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat increases from the center towards both ends; a sleeve is connected to the outer side of the throat, with the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the throat forming a gas cavity, and an inlet pipe communicating with the gas cavity is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve; a connection hole is provided on the throat connecting the inner and outer sides. With this configuration, the liquid feedstock is effectively dispersed and stirred within the throat through changes in the cross-sectional flow area and the formation of turbulence; the gaseous feedstock enters the throat through the connection hole, forming multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid feedstock, significantly improving mixing efficiency; thereby improving reaction efficiency, product quality, and system stability, while maintaining ease of operation and maintenance.

[0024] The location of the inlet directly affects the gas-liquid mixing efficiency. Therefore, a further improvement is made by placing the inlet at the minimum diameter of the throat. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat is smallest at this point, the flow velocity of the liquid feedstock will increase accordingly. This increased flow velocity helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid feedstock and the gas feedstock entering through the gas chamber, thereby promoting mixing. Furthermore, since the minimum diameter of the throat is usually where the pressure drop is greatest, this may also help the gas feedstock to better penetrate and disperse into the liquid feedstock, further improving mixing efficiency.

[0025] The relative positions of the inlet and outlet also affect the gas-liquid mixing efficiency. Therefore, a further improvement is to stagger the inlet and outlet. The benefits of this arrangement are: 1. It ensures that the gaseous and liquid raw materials do not directly collide within the mixing tube, but rather mix in a gentler, more orderly manner, which helps reduce energy loss and potential localized overheating or overcooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement also provides the gaseous raw material with a longer path and more time to contact and mix with the liquid raw material, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of the mixing; 3. When there are more than two types of gaseous raw materials, the gaseous raw materials can be preferentially mixed within the gas chamber before being mixed with the liquid raw material, thus improving the mixing efficiency.

[0026] The swaying of the cylinder and the rotation of the reaction tube can affect the stability of the connection structure between the throat and the feed pipe, and may even cause the connection to break. Based on this, a further improvement is made: a flexible hose is connected between the throat and the feed pipe.

[0027] When the feed pipe rotates, it also drives the hose to rotate. However, if the hose rotates too much, it will still break. Therefore, a further improvement is made: a bearing seat is installed at the end of the cylinder, with a first bearing and a second bearing installed at each end of the bearing seat; the first bearing is rotatably connected to the feed pipe; one end of the hose is fitted with a throat tube, and the other end is connected to a transition tube, which is rotatably connected to the second bearing. With this design, the hose will not rotate with the feed pipe, preventing hose breakage.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] This invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor, which achieves the following advantages through cylinder oscillation and reaction tube rotation: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomenon: By rotating the reaction tube within the cylinder while the cylinder oscillates back and forth, the catalyst packed inside the reaction tube is ensured to be constantly tumbling up, down, left, and right. This dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thereby significantly reducing the possibility of short-circuiting in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, and improving reaction efficiency and uniformity; 2. Extended gas residence time and increased gas flow path: The rotation of the reaction tube not only promotes the full mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the catalyst space, but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst through the transverse flow of liquid and gas; furthermore, as the reaction tube rotates, the gas flow exhibits up-and-down floating in the liquid phase. The characteristics further enrich the airflow path, which is conducive to improving the sufficiency and conversion rate of gas-liquid reaction; 3. Extend catalyst life: The dynamic movement of the reaction tube causes slight friction and vibration between catalysts. This physical effect helps to reduce deposits on the catalyst surface and prevent catalyst poisoning, thereby significantly extending the catalyst life. This not only reduces operating costs but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 4. Prevent packing caking: Through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, caking can be effectively prevented. This dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly extending the packing life and replacement cycle, reducing maintenance costs and downtime; 5. The catalyst is always in a loose state, which is easy to remove and thus facilitates catalyst replacement.

[0030] The present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor, which, by setting a mixing tube, enables the liquid raw material to be effectively dispersed and stirred within the throat tube through changes in the cross-sectional flow area and the formation of turbulence; the gas raw material enters the throat tube through the inlet, forming multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid raw material, significantly improving the mixing efficiency; thereby improving the reaction efficiency, product quality and system stability, while maintaining the simplicity of operation and the convenience of maintenance.

[0031] In this invention, a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor has the inlet located at the minimum diameter of the throat. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat is smallest at this point, the flow velocity of the liquid feedstock increases accordingly. This increased flow velocity helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid feedstock and the gas feedstock entering through the gas chamber, thereby promoting mixing. Furthermore, since the minimum diameter of the throat is usually where the pressure drop is greatest, this may also help the gas feedstock to better permeate and disperse into the liquid feedstock, further improving mixing efficiency.

[0032] The present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor, which sets the inlet and outlet pipes in a staggered arrangement, achieving the following advantages: 1. It ensures that the gaseous and liquid raw materials do not directly collide in the mixing tube, but are mixed in a gentler and more orderly manner, which helps to reduce energy loss and possible local overheating or overcooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement also provides the gaseous raw materials with a longer path and more time to contact and mix with the liquid raw materials, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of mixing; 3. When there are more than two types of gaseous raw materials, the gaseous raw materials can be preferentially mixed in the gas chamber before being mixed with the liquid raw materials, which can improve the mixing efficiency.

[0033] The present invention provides a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, which uses a flexible hose connecting the throat and the feed pipe to prevent the connection between the throat and the feed pipe from breaking when the cylinder swings or the reaction tube rotates.

[0034] The present invention provides a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, which is connected by a flexible hose so that the hose does not rotate when the feed pipe rotates, thus avoiding hose breakage. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the reaction tube;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a front sectional view of the reaction tube when it is tilted;

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder; 2. Reaction tube; 3. Heating chamber; 4. Left side plate; 5. Right side plate; 6. Left side end cap; 7. Right side end cap; 8. Feed chamber; 9. Discharge chamber; 10. Feed pipe; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Driven gear; 13. Drive gear; 14. First geared motor; 15. Through hole; 16. Sieve plate; 17. Catalyst; 18. First bearing with seat; 19. Electric cylinder; 20. Cylinder seat; 21. Gas spring; 22. Mixing pipe; 23. Hose; 24. Bearing seat; 25. First bearing; 26. ... 27. Connecting rod; 28. Shaft; 29. ​​Transition pipe; 30. First support; 32. Sealing plate; 33. First sealing ring; 34. Limiting pipe; 35. Limiting groove; 36. First connecting shaft; 37. Motor frame; 38. Through hole; 39. Second bearing with seat; 40. Sealing sleeve; 41. Cover plate; 42. Second sealing ring; 43. Housing seat; 44. Medium inlet pipe; 45. Medium outlet pipe; 46. Gap; 221. Throat pipe; 222. Sleeve; 223. Air chamber; 224. Air inlet pipe; 225. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0048] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention discloses a gas-liquid reaction fixed bed reactor, including a horizontally arranged cylinder 1 and a reaction tube 2 disposed inside the cylinder 1 and extending along the axial direction of the cylinder 1.

[0049] Two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 28 are connected to the center of the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The rotating shafts 28 extend radially along the cylinder 1, and their two ends are inserted into the first seated bearings 18. The first seated bearings 18 are installed on the upper end of the fixed first support 30, so that the cylinder 1 can swing up and down at both ends under the action of the rotating shafts 28. When swinging, the angle between the cylinder 1 and the horizontal plane changes.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, electric cylinders 19 are installed at the lower ends of the left and right sides of the cylinder 1. The electric cylinders 19 are arranged vertically, and the lower end of the cylinder body is hinged to the cylinder body seat 20. The cylinder body seat 20 is fixed to the ground or base by bolts. The drive rod of the electric cylinder 19 is hinged to the cylinder 1, so when the electric cylinder 19 starts to extend and retract, it can drive the two ends of the cylinder 1 to swing up and down reciprocally.

[0051] Below the cylinder 1, on both sides of the rotating shaft 28, gas springs 21 are respectively installed. The lower end of the gas spring 21 housing is hinged to the housing seat 43, and the driving end of the gas spring 21 is hinged to one end of the lower side of the cylinder 1. The gas springs 21 support the cylinder 1 to prevent the cylinder 1 from rotating too fast or with too large a rotation range, which could cause danger.

[0052] Sealing plates are welded to both ends of the cylinder 1. Each sealing plate has a through-hole, and a first sealing ring 33 is fitted into the hole wall. Bearing seats 24 are also bolted to the sealing plates. Figure 7 As shown, two first bearings 25 are installed at one end of the bearing housing 24 near the cylinder 1, and two second bearings 26 are installed at the other end away from the cylinder 1.

[0053] The reaction tubes 2 are arranged in multiple spaced intervals, and their internal partial spaces are filled with solid granular catalysts 17. The specific installation structure of the reaction tubes 2 is as follows: two side-by-side left plates 4 and right plates 5 are arranged inside the cylinder 1, and the reaction tubes 2 are sandwiched between the left plates 4 and right plates 5. Six evenly distributed connecting rods 27 pass through the left plates 4 and right plates 5. The two ends of the connecting rods 27 are provided with external threads, and nuts are threadedly connected to and locked with the connecting rods 27 to achieve connection and fixation of the left plates 4 and right plates 5. The left plates 4 and right plates 5 have multiple through holes 15 that penetrate through both sides. The through holes 15 are coaxial with the reaction tubes 2, connecting the inner cavity of the reaction tubes 2 with the outer areas of the left plates 4 and right plates 5. The inner surfaces of the left side plate 4 and the right side plate 5 are provided with limiting tubes 34 that are coaxial with the through hole 15 and have an inner diameter larger than that of the through hole 15. The two ends of the reaction tube 2 are inserted into the limiting tubes 34 and abut against the inner surfaces of the left side plate 4 and the right side plate 5, thereby realizing the installation limitation of the reaction tube 2.

[0054] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, a sieve plate 16 covering the through hole 15 is welded to the left side of the left side plate 4 and the right side of the right side plate 5. The diameter of the sieve hole in the sieve plate 16 is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst 17, thus sealing the catalyst 17 inside the reaction tube 2 and preventing the catalyst 17 from flowing out of the reaction tube 2. A limiting groove 35 coaxially arranged with the through hole 15 is provided on the left side of the left side plate 4 and the right side of the right side plate 5. The sieve plate 16 is snapped into the limiting groove 35 to achieve installation limitation.

[0055] The left side of the left plate 4 and the right side of the right plate 5 are respectively connected to a left end cap 6 and a right end cap 7. These end caps are flange end caps, which are connected and fixed to the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 by bolts and nuts. Thus, the left end cap 6 and the left plate 4 form the feed chamber 8, and the right end cap 7 and the right plate 5 form the discharge chamber 9.

[0056] A feed pipe 10, which connects to the feed chamber 8, is axially extended from the left end cap 6 and inserted into the first bearing 25 on the left side; a discharge pipe 11, which connects to the discharge chamber 9, is axially extended from the right end cap 7 and inserted into the first bearing 25 on the right side; this allows the reaction tube 2 to rotate. The feed pipe 10 and the discharge pipe 11 are also sealed by a first sealing ring 33.

[0057] A driven gear 12 is connected to the feed pipe 10 via a sleeve connection; the driven gear 12 meshes with a driving gear 13; the drive end of the first reduction motor 14 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 13. With this configuration, when the first reduction motor 14 is started, it can drive the reaction pipe 2 and the entire assembly connected to the left side plate 4, right side plate 5, left side end cap 6, and right side end cap 7 to rotate. During rotation, the axis of the reaction pipe 2 remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder 1, and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0058] The advantages of the above setup are: 1. Elimination of short-circuit phenomena: By rotating the reaction tube 2 inside the cylinder 1 while the cylinder 1 reciprocates, the catalyst 17 packed inside the reaction tube 2 is always in a state of up-down and left-right tumbling. This dynamic environment effectively avoids the formation of fixed short-circuit channels, thereby significantly reducing the short-circuit phenomenon that may occur in the gas-liquid mixture during the reaction process, and improving reaction efficiency and uniformity. 2. Extension of gas residence time and increase of gas flow path: The rotation of the reaction tube 2 not only promotes the full mixing of the gas-liquid mixture in the space of the catalyst 17, but also increases the residence time of the gas in the catalyst 17 through the transverse flow of liquid and gas. In addition, as the reaction tube 2 rotates, the gas flow exhibits the characteristic of floating up and down in the liquid phase, further enriching the gas flow path. 1. Improved gas-liquid reaction efficiency and conversion rate; 2. Extended catalyst lifespan: The dynamic movement of the reaction tube 2 causes slight friction and vibration between catalysts 17. This physical action helps reduce deposits on the surface of catalyst 17 and prevents catalyst poisoning, thus significantly extending the service life of catalyst 17. This not only reduces operating costs but also improves the long-term stability of the reactor; 3. Prevention of packing caking: Through continuous movement, even if the packing particles are small, caking can be effectively prevented. This dynamic environment ensures the loose state of the packing, greatly extending the service life and replacement cycle of the packing, reducing maintenance costs and downtime; 4. The catalyst 17 is always in a loose state, making it easy to remove and replace.

[0059] like Figure 10 As shown, the local space occupies 8 / 9 to 9 / 10 of the volume of the reaction tube 2. This provides space for the catalyst 17 to move. When the cylinder 1 swings to an inclination relative to the horizontal plane or when the reaction tube 2 rotates, the high end of the inside of the reaction tube 2 has a gap 46 formed by the accumulation of the catalyst 17 towards the low end of the reaction tube 2, which facilitates the floating of the catalyst 17 within the reaction tube 2.

[0060] Since the first geared motor 14 is installed inside the cylinder 1, it is not only inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, but also detrimental to the heat dissipation of the first geared motor 14. Therefore, the first geared motor 14 is installed outside the cylinder 1, specifically as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a motor frame 37 is mounted on the left side of the cylinder 1, and the first geared motor 14 is fixed on the motor frame 37. A through hole 38 is also provided on the left side of the cylinder 1, through which a first coupling shaft 36 extends from the center of the drive gear 13. The first coupling shaft 36 extends outward from the through hole 38 and is fixedly connected to the drive end of the first geared motor 14. A second seated bearing 39 is also mounted on the outer side of the cylinder 1, and the first coupling shaft 36 is inserted into the second seated bearing 39 to improve the rotational stability of the first coupling shaft 36. A U-shaped sealing sleeve 40 is fitted onto the through hole 38 for sealing the first coupling shaft 36 with the cylinder 1.

[0061] The above structure forms a heating chamber 3 consisting of the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the outer wall of the reaction tube 2, the outer wall of the left end cap 6, the outer wall of the right end cap 7, the outer wall of the feed pipe 10, and the outer wall of the discharge pipe 11. A medium outlet pipe 45 communicating with the heating chamber 3 is located at the top left side of the cylinder 1, and a medium inlet pipe 44 communicating with the heating chamber 3 is located at the bottom right side of the cylinder 1. The heating medium enters the heating chamber 3 through the medium inlet pipe 44 and flows out through the medium outlet pipe 45, thereby heating the material in the reaction tube 2 and causing the gaseous and liquid raw materials to undergo a catalytic reaction under the action of the catalyst 17.

[0062] A mixing pipe 22 is connected to the outer end of the feed pipe 10. Gas and liquid raw materials are mixed in the mixing pipe 22 before flowing into the feed pipe 10. For example... Figure 9As shown, the mixing tube 22 includes a throat 221, from which liquid raw materials flow in from one end. The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat 221 increases from the center towards both ends. A sleeve 222 is connected to the outside of the throat 221, and the inner wall of the sleeve 222 and the outer wall of the throat 221 form a gas cavity 223. An air inlet pipe 224 communicating with the gas cavity 223 is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 222. In this embodiment, four air inlets 224 are provided to allow for the introduction of different gaseous raw materials. Four connecting holes 225 are provided on the throat 221, connecting the inner and outer sides, and are evenly distributed circumferentially. With this configuration, the liquid raw materials are effectively dispersed and stirred within the throat 221 through the change in the cross-sectional flow area and the formation of turbulence. The gaseous raw materials enter the throat 221 through the connecting holes 225, forming multi-point contact and mixing with the liquid raw materials, significantly improving the mixing efficiency. This improves reaction efficiency, product quality, and system stability, while maintaining ease of operation and maintenance.

[0063] The inlet 225 is located at the minimum diameter of the throat 221. Since the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat 221 is the smallest at this point, the flow velocity of the liquid feedstock will increase accordingly. The increase in flow velocity helps to enhance the shear force and turbulence between the liquid feedstock and the gas feedstock entering through the gas chamber 223, thereby promoting the mixing between the two. In addition, since the minimum diameter of the throat 221 is usually the place with the greatest pressure drop, this may also help the gas feedstock to better penetrate and disperse into the liquid feedstock, further improving the mixing efficiency.

[0064] The inlet port 225 and the inlet pipe 224 are staggered. This arrangement has the following advantages: 1. It ensures that the gaseous and liquid raw materials do not directly collide within the mixing pipe 22, but rather mix in a gentler and more orderly manner, which helps reduce energy loss and potential localized overheating or overcooling during the mixing process; 2. The staggered arrangement also provides the gaseous raw material with a longer path and more time to contact and mix with the liquid raw material, thereby further improving the uniformity and efficiency of the mixing; 3. When there are more than two types of gaseous raw materials, the gaseous raw materials can be preferentially mixed in the gas chamber 223 before being mixed with the liquid raw material, which can improve the mixing efficiency.

[0065] The oscillation of the cylinder 1 and the rotation of the reaction tube 2 can affect the stability of the connection structure between the throat 221 and the feed tube 10. Therefore, a flexible hose 23 is connected between the throat 221 and the feed tube 10. One end of the flexible hose 23 is fitted onto the throat 221, and the other end is connected to a transition tube 29, which is rotatably connected to the second bearing 26. Because the flexible hose 23 is deformable, the throat 221 and the feed tube 10 are flexibly connected. When the cylinder 1 oscillates and the reaction tube 2 rotates, the connection structure between the throat 221 and the feed tube 10 can be kept stable. Moreover, the rotatable connection through the transition tube 29 and the second bearing 26 prevents the flexible hose 23 from rotating with the feed tube 10, thus preventing the flexible hose 23 from breaking.

[0066] like Figure 9 As shown, a cover plate 41 is also connected to the outer end face of the bearing housing 24. A second sealing ring 42 is snapped into the inner wall of the cover plate 41, which is sealed to the transition tube 29.

[0067] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor, characterized in that, It includes a horizontally arranged cylinder (1) and a reaction tube (2) disposed inside the cylinder (1) and extending along the axial direction of the cylinder (1); The local space inside the reaction tube (2) is filled with a catalyst (17). A heating chamber (3) is formed between the outer wall of the reaction tube (2) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1); the heating medium in the heating chamber (3) heats the reaction tube (2); The gas-liquid mixture enters from the inlet of the reaction tube (2), and its finished product flows out from the outlet of the reaction tube (2); While the gas-liquid mixture reacts in the reaction tube (2), the reaction tube (2) rotates and the cylinder (1) oscillates back and forth. When the reaction tube (2) rotates, its axis remains parallel to the axis of the cylinder (1), and its rotation path is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder (1). When the cylinder (1) swings, the angle between it and the horizontal plane changes; When the cylinder (1) swings to an inclination relative to the horizontal plane or when the reaction tube (2) rotates, the high end of the interior of the reaction tube (2) has a void (46) formed by the accumulation of catalyst (17) to the low end of the reaction tube (2). The cylinder (1) is provided with two side-by-side plates (4) and right-side plates (5). The left side plate (4) is connected to the left side end cap (6), so that a feed chamber (8) communicating with the reaction tube (2) is formed between the left side plate (4) and the left side end cap (6). The left end cap (6) leads out an axial feed pipe (10) that connects to the feed chamber (8), and the feed pipe (10) is rotatably connected to one end of the cylinder (1); The cylinder (1) has two symmetrical and coaxially arranged rotating shafts (28) extending radially. The rotating shafts (28) are inserted into a fixed first bearing (18) to achieve a rotating connection. An electric cylinder (19) is provided at the lower end of the opening and closing end of the cylinder (1). The bottom of the cylinder body of the electric cylinder (19) is hinged to the cylinder seat (20), and the driving end of the electric cylinder (19) is hinged to the cylinder (1). Below the cylinder (1), along the axial direction of the cylinder (1), and on both sides of the rotating shaft (28), gas springs (21) are respectively provided. The lower end of the housing of the gas spring (21) is hinged to the housing seat (43), and the driving end of the gas spring (21) is hinged to the cylinder (1). The outer end of the feed pipe (10) is connected to a mixing pipe (22), and the gaseous raw material and the liquid raw material are mixed in the mixing pipe (22) and then flow into the feed pipe (10). The mixing tube (22) includes a throat (221) from which liquid raw materials flow in; The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the throat (221) increases from the center to both ends; The outer side of the larynx (221) is connected to a sleeve (222), the inner wall of the sleeve (222) and the outer wall of the larynx (221) form an air cavity (223), and the outer wall of the sleeve (222) is connected to an air inlet pipe (224) that communicates with the air cavity (223). The throat tube (221) is provided with a connecting hole (225) that connects the inner and outer sides.

2. The gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5) are connected by a connecting rod (27); The reaction tube (2) is sandwiched between the left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5); The right side plate (5) is connected to the right side end cap (7) on the outside, so that a discharge chamber (9) communicating with the reaction tube (2) is formed between the right side plate (5) and the right side end cap (7). The right end cap (7) leads out an axial discharge pipe (11) that connects to the discharge chamber (9), and the discharge pipe (11) is rotatably connected to the other end of the cylinder (1); A driven gear (12) is connected to the feed pipe (10) by means of a sleeve. The driven gear (12) meshes with the driving gear (13). The drive end of the first geared motor (14) is fixedly connected to the drive gear (13).

3. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left side plate (4) and the right side plate (5) are provided with through holes (15) to connect the reaction tube (2) with the feed chamber (8) and the discharge chamber (9); The through hole (15) is covered by a sieve plate (16); the sieve holes on the sieve plate (16) are smaller than the particle size of the catalyst.

4. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local space occupies 8 / 9 to 9 / 10 of the volume of the reaction tube (2).

5. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection hole (225) is located at the minimum diameter of the throat tube (221).

6. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connection hole (225) is staggered from the air intake pipe (224).

7. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible tube (23) is connected between the throat (221) and the feed tube (10).

8. A gas-liquid reaction fixed-bed reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a bearing seat (24), and the two ends of the bearing seat (24) are respectively provided with a first bearing (25) and a second bearing (26). The first bearing (25) is rotatably connected to the feed pipe (10); One end of the hose (23) is fitted with a throat tube (221), and the other end is connected to a transition tube (29). The transition tube (29) is rotatably connected to the second bearing (26).

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