Oily sludge reduction treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an oily sludge reduction treatment device and method, and relates to the technical field of oily sludge treatment.The device comprises a first shell, a demulsification cavity is formed in the first shell, capillary channels communicated with the demulsification cavity are formed in the side wall of the demulsification cavity, and a first ultrasonic generator is arranged in the demulsification cavity; a fermentation chamber is arranged in the second shell, and a second ultrasonic generator is arranged in the fermentation chamber; the connecting pipeline is connected with the first material outlet and the second material inlet; one end of the backflow pipeline is connected with the second discharging opening, a discharging opening is formed in one end of the backflow pipeline, and the other end of the backflow pipeline is connected with the first feeding opening and the second feeding opening through a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe respectively; the problems that in the oil-containing sludge reduction treatment process in the prior art, the demulsification effect of the oil-containing sludge is poor, oil product resources are difficult to recycle, and the overall treatment efficiency is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and more specifically, relates to an oily sludge reduction treatment device and method. Background Art

[0002] Oily sludge is mainly produced in the process of oil extraction, transportation, refining, chemical industry and sewage treatment. According to the way oily sludge is produced, it can be divided into ground oily sludge, tank bottom oily sludge and refinery "three muds", which is an important source of pollution in the petrochemical industry. Oily sludge mainly contains water, petroleum, inorganic salts, solid impurities, etc., and often presents a stable emulsion form. At present, the oily sludge of refineries is mainly treated by outsourcing hazardous waste or high-temperature incineration, which leads to high cost of oily sludge treatment and waste of a large amount of petroleum resources in the oily sludge.

[0003] According to the requirements of solid waste reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization, it is an important measure to improve the economy and environmental protection of refineries to use eco-friendly and economical technologies to treat oily sludge and recover valuable oil resources. Among the oily sludge treatment technologies, biological treatment technology uses the life activities of microorganisms to produce biosurfactants, which can demulsify oily sludge and absorb petroleum substances for degradation, thus converting the oil products that are difficult to recover in oily sludge into harmless CO. 2 and H 2 O, it is environmentally friendly and has no secondary pollution.

[0004] However, at present, the biological treatment device for oily sludge has a long residence time for the oily sludge, resulting in a slow stirring speed of the agitator, poor stirring and uniform distribution of the oily sludge itself, and poor demulsification effect of the oily sludge, making it difficult to recover the oil in the biological treatment device. For the emulsification system of oily sludge, the current biological treatment device for oily sludge often sets a pretreatment unit or adds chemical demulsifiers, which increases the cost of oily sludge treatment and has secondary pollution problems. In addition, the oil resources are not recovered, which also reduces the economic efficiency of the oily sludge treatment device, increases the processing load of microorganisms, and leads to a decrease in the treatment efficiency of the biological treatment device for oily sludge and a longer treatment cycle.

[0005] CN114956496A discloses a bioremediation treatment device for oily sludge. It consists of a fermentation tank, a cover plate, a mobile frame, a mixing barrel, a spreading pipe, etc., and can perform pretreatment and biofermentation treatment on oily sludge. However, the device lacks the function of oil resource recovery, and the emulsification system of oily sludge lacks the corresponding links of destabilization and demulsification, which will affect the biofermentation effect and efficiency.

[0006] CN112250267B discloses a method and device for harmless treatment of oily sludge. It is composed of a microbial sedimentation tank, a sedimentation tank, a chemical oxidation tank, a mechanical dehydrator, a heat treatment furnace, etc. The oily sludge is demulsified and pretreated in the microbial sedimentation tank, and then solid-liquid separation is performed in the sedimentation tank to recover part of the oil resources, and then harmless treatment is performed in the chemical oxidation tank and the heat treatment furnace. Although oil recovery and treatment of oily sludge are achieved, the oil separation and recovery process is complicated and costly, and the subsequent harmless treatment of oily sludge by the chemical oxidation tank and the heat treatment furnace has a high corresponding treatment cost. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oily sludge reduction treatment device and method to address the deficiencies in the prior art, thereby solving the problems of poor demulsification effect of oily sludge, difficulty in recovering oil resources and low overall treatment efficiency during the oily sludge reduction treatment process in the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an oily sludge reduction treatment device, which comprises:

[0009] A first shell, wherein a demulsification chamber is disposed inside the first shell, a first feed port and a first discharge port connected to the demulsification chamber are disposed at two ends of the first shell respectively, a capillary channel connected to the demulsification chamber is disposed on the side wall of the demulsification chamber, and a first heating component is disposed inside the side wall of the demulsification chamber, a first stirring and conveying mechanism is disposed in the demulsification chamber for stirring and conveying the material in the demulsification chamber, and a first ultrasonic generator is disposed in the demulsification chamber;

[0010] A second shell, wherein a fermentation chamber is disposed inside the second shell, a second feed port and a second discharge port communicating with the fermentation chamber are disposed at two ends of the second shell, a second heating component is disposed inside the side wall of the fermentation chamber, a second stirring and conveying mechanism is disposed inside the fermentation chamber for stirring and conveying the material in the fermentation chamber, and a second ultrasonic generator is disposed inside the fermentation chamber;

[0011] A connecting pipeline, the connecting pipeline is connected to the first discharge port and the second feed port;

[0012] A reflux pipeline, one end of which is connected to the second discharge port, and a discharge port is provided at the one end of the reflux pipeline, and the other end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the first feed port and the second feed port respectively through a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe.

[0013] The oily sludge and the optional demulsifier can enter the demulsification chamber through the first feed port. At the same time, as the device is running, part of the fermentation product refluxed in the reflux pipeline also enters the demulsification chamber through the first feed port. Under the action of the first heating component and the first stirring and conveying mechanism, the material is heated, turned and conveyed. Under the action of the first ultrasonic generator, the material vibrates, which promotes the demulsification effect and demulsification efficiency of the oily sludge and strengthens the absorption capacity of the capillary channels for liquid. The solid product output from the demulsification chamber enters the fermentation chamber through the second feed port. At the same time, a liquid having the function of fermenting the oily sludge can also be added through the second feed port. The biological bacterial liquid is heated, turned over and conveyed by the second heating component and the second stirring and conveying mechanism. The material vibrates under the action of the second ultrasonic generator, which enhances the contact between the oily sludge and microorganisms, promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, and strengthens the contact efficiency between microorganisms and oxygen and oil products, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of microbial degradation of oily sludge. A part of the fermentation product in the fermentation chamber flows back through the reflux pipeline to form circulating material, and the other part is discharged through the discharge port, which can be used to process by-products. The gas generated by the fermentation can be discharged through the gas outlet on the top of the fermentation chamber for purification.

[0014] Optionally, the first shell includes a first outer shell and a first inner shell arranged inside the first outer shell, a first buffer structure is arranged between the first outer shell and the first inner shell, and the second shell includes a second outer shell and a second inner shell arranged inside the second outer shell, a second buffer structure is arranged between the second outer shell and the second inner shell.

[0015] The first buffer structure and the second buffer structure can be elastic buffer components. When the first ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic generator are in operation, the first inner shell and the second inner shell generate vibrations. The first buffer structure and the second buffer structure are used to reduce the transmission of such vibrations to the first outer shell and the second outer shell, thereby reducing the vibrations of the first outer shell and the second outer shell, thereby reducing noise and improving the service life of the device.

[0016] In the present invention, the first buffer structure and the second buffer structure can be made of materials such as silicone rubber or polyimide. The ultrasonic vibration is buffered by the first buffer structure and the second buffer structure, thereby reducing noise and the vibration of the entire device and improving the life of the device. In addition, the first buffer structure and the second buffer structure have the functions of mitigating impact and recovering energy. When heat transfer oil is filled between the first outer shell and the first inner shell and heat transfer oil is filled between the second outer shell and the second inner shell, part of the vibration energy is converted into heat energy and transmitted to the heat transfer oil, thereby further reducing the output power of the first heating component and the second heating component.

[0017] Optionally, the side walls of the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber are respectively provided with multiple first vibration structures and multiple second vibration structures, the first vibration structure includes a first base portion made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the first inner shell and a first conduction portion made of a soft material connected to one end of the first base portion away from the first inner shell; the second vibration structure includes a second base portion made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the second inner shell and a second conduction portion made of a soft material connected to one end of the second base portion away from the second inner shell.

[0018] The first vibration structure absorbs the ultrasonic vibration energy of the first ultrasonic generator acting on the first inner shell through the first base and transmits it to the soft conduction structure, and transmits the energy to the oily sludge in a divergent form through the soft conduction structure. The contact area and transfer area between the ultrasonic vibration energy and the oily sludge near the wall of the first inner shell are increased through the first vibration structure, the conduction efficiency of the ultrasonic vibration energy to the oily sludge is improved, the absorption and loss of the ultrasonic vibration energy by the first inner shell is reduced, and the effect of the ultrasonic vibration on the oily sludge can be enhanced; the working principle of the second vibration structure is the same as the working principle of the first vibration structure.

[0019] The first base portion and the second base portion are arc-shaped and match the inner circumferential shapes of the first inner shell and the second inner shell respectively. The shapes of the first conduction portion and the second conduction portion are bulge-shaped and protrude toward the inside of the first inner shell and the second inner shell respectively, and the surfaces of the first conduction portion and the second conduction portion are arc-shaped.

[0020] The materials of the first base part and the second base part can be hard polymers such as acrylamide, polymethyl methacrylate and polyetheretherketone; the materials of the first conductive part and the second conductive part can be high molecular materials or soft polymers such as rubber, polyurethane foam, silicone and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0021] Optionally, a liquid collecting groove connected with the capillary channel is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of the first shell, and a liquid drain port is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting groove.

[0022] The liquid collecting tank is used to collect the liquid discharged through the capillary channel, and the liquid collected in the liquid collecting tank can be discharged through the liquid discharge port so as to perform oil-water separation in the next step.

[0023] Optionally, an oil-water separation structure is further included, and the oil-water separation structure is connected to the first liquid discharge port.

[0024] The oil-water separation structure separates the liquid discharged from the collecting tank into oil and water, and the separated oil can be reused.

[0025] Optionally, the frequency of the first ultrasonic generator is greater than 80 KHz, and the frequency of the second ultrasonic generator is 20-40 KHz.

[0026] The first ultrasonic generator is a high-frequency ultrasonic generator, and the second ultrasonic generator is a low-frequency ultrasonic generator.

[0027] Optionally, a plurality of hollow capillary fibers are embedded in the side wall of the demulsification chamber, and the capillary channels are arranged in the hollow capillary fibers.

[0028] Each hollow capillary fiber has a capillary channel inside, and multiple hollow capillary fibers form a hollow capillary fiber bundle. The liquid generated in the demulsification chamber is discharged by utilizing the self-absorption effect of the capillary channel on the liquid, thereby achieving solid-liquid separation and saving costs.

[0029] Optionally, the pore size of the capillary channel is 0.01-3 microns.

[0030] The micron-scale capillary pore size prevents the capillary pore from being blocked by oily sludge, thereby maintaining a good solid-liquid separation efficiency. The capillary pore size is preferably 0.6 microns.

[0031] Optionally, a first valve is provided on the first discharge port or the connecting pipeline, and a second valve is provided on the discharge port.

[0032] The first valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the solid product output from the demulsification chamber, and the second valve is used to adjust the discharge flow rate of the fermentation product from the fermentation chamber, thereby adjusting the ratio of the reflux and discharge of the fermentation product.

[0033] Optionally, a third valve and a fourth valve are respectively provided on the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe.

[0034] The third valve and the fourth valve are used to adjust the flow rate of the refluxed fermentation product to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber respectively, and further can adjust the ratio of the refluxed fermentation product to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for reducing the amount of oily sludge, using the above-mentioned device for reducing the amount of oily sludge, the method comprises:

[0036] Feeding the oily sludge and the optional demulsifier into the demulsification chamber from the first feed port;

[0037] Heating, stirring and conveying the materials in the demulsification chamber;

[0038] Leading out at least part of the liquid generated in the demulsification chamber through the capillary channel;

[0039] The solid product produced in the demulsification chamber is fed into the fermentation chamber through the first discharge port, the connecting pipeline and the second feed port, and the biological bacterial liquid having the function of fermenting the oily sludge is fed into the fermentation chamber through the second feed port;

[0040] Heating, stirring and conveying the materials in the fermentation chamber;

[0041] A part of the fermentation product produced in the fermentation chamber is refluxed to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber through the reflux pipeline, and another part of the fermentation product is discharged through the discharge port.

[0042] The fermentation product refluxed through the second branch pipe also enters the demulsification chamber through the first feed port. As the oily sludge reduction treatment device operates, the fermentation product continuously refluxes to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber.

[0043] Optionally, the method further includes separating oil and water from the derived liquid.

[0044] Optionally, the method further comprises inputting a demulsification-promoting fermentation filler into the demulsification chamber through a first feed port.

[0045] Demulsification and fermentation-promoting fillers can enhance the demulsification effect and subsequent fermentation treatment effect of oily sludge.

[0046] Optionally, the milk-breaking fermentation-promoting filler includes at least one of cow dung, straw, rice husk, sawdust and kitchen waste.

[0047] Optionally, the method further includes inputting air into the fermentation chamber through a second feed inlet.

[0048] The second feed inlet of the fermentation chamber additionally supplies air as a source of oxygen to supply the microorganisms in the fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation.

[0049] Optionally, the biological bacterial liquid capable of fermenting oily sludge includes pro-fermentation bacteria, and the pro-fermentation bacteria include at least one of Bacillus, Nocardia, Megachnism, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas.

[0050] Optionally, when the biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge is input into the fermentation chamber from the second feed port, it also includes inputting a biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid into the fermentation chamber from the second feed port, and the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid includes: at least one of: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Torulopsis petroleum, and Bacillus strains.

[0051] Optionally, the proportion of the fermentation product entering the reflux line through the second discharge port is 30-95%, preferably 75°C.

[0052] Optionally, the ratio of the fermentation products entering the fermentation chamber and the demulsification chamber through the second branch pipe and the first branch pipe respectively is 2:1-1:6, preferably 1:2.

[0053] Optionally, the demulsifier is selected from at least one of carbon tetrachloride, sodium lignin sulfonate, polyether polyquaternary ammonium salt, glycerol, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0054] Optionally, the temperature in the demulsification chamber is 35-90°C, preferably 75°C; the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 50-80°C, preferably 70°C.

[0055] Optionally, the residence time of the material in the demulsification chamber is 0.5-3 days, preferably 1 day; the residence time of the material in the fermentation chamber is 3-14 days, preferably 7 days.

[0056] Optionally, the method further includes processing the fermentation product discharged from the discharge port to form fillers or ceramsite.

[0057] During the continuous operation of the oily sludge reduction treatment device, the fermentation products discharged from the discharge port can be processed into fillers or expanded clay through processes such as drying, preheating, adding additives, molding and pressing, and calcining, and can be sold.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation product output from the discharge port after the circulation treatment is dried at 100-120°C for 2-8 hours, preferably at 105°C for 4 hours; the dried material is preheated at 280-450°C for 1-5 hours, preferably at 300°C for 2 hours; a certain proportion of additives are added to the preheated material to improve the adhesion and porosity of the molded material, and the additive is at least one of an adhesive, a pore-forming agent, activated carbon powder, and silica, and then pressed or ball-milled to obtain a block or spherical model; the block or spherical model is calcined at a high temperature of 800-1150°C for 0.2-4 hours to obtain a by-product filler or expanded clay, preferably calcined at 850°C for 1 hour.

[0059] Optionally, the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution is added at a flow rate of 100-800 mL / d, preferably 300-600 mL / d, and the concentration of the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution is higher than 10 8 Pieces / mL.

[0060] Optionally, the addition rate of the biological bacteria solution capable of fermenting oily sludge is 200-1600 mL / d, preferably 600-1200 mL / d, and the concentration of the biological bacteria solution capable of fermenting oily sludge is higher than 5*10 7 Pieces / mL.

[0061] The biological bacterial liquid includes a biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge and a biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid.

[0062] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for reducing the amount of oily sludge comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1: Feed

[0064] The oily sludge to be treated and the fermentation product refluxed from the reflux pipeline are continuously added into the demulsification chamber through the first feed port of the demulsification chamber;

[0065] S2: Demulsification

[0066] The material entering the demulsification chamber is continuously turned over under the stirring and conveying action of the first stirring and conveying mechanism, and the first ultrasonic generator generates ultrasonic vibration to the material in the demulsification chamber to complete the demulsification of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber;

[0067] S3: Oil recovery

[0068] The solid phase and liquid phase of the oily sludge after demulsification in the demulsification chamber are separated, and the liquid phase is introduced into the liquid collecting tank through the capillary channel at the bottom of the demulsification chamber for collection, and then enters the oil-water separation structure, and the water and oil are separated by standing to obtain high-value oil resources;

[0069] S4: Biological fermentation

[0070] The oily sludge that has been demulsified in the demulsification chamber enters the fermentation chamber for microbial fermentation treatment under the action of the first stirring and conveying mechanism. The temperature in the fermentation chamber is controlled to a certain extent, and biological bacterial liquid and solid products output from the demulsification chamber are added for aerobic fermentation. The biological bacterial liquid includes a biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge and a biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid.

[0071] S5: Material circulation

[0072] The fermentation product after microbial fermentation in the fermentation chamber reaches the second discharge port of the fermentation chamber under the action of the second stirring and conveying mechanism. Driven by the pump, a certain proportion of the fermentation product enters the reflux pipeline and is then transported to the fermentation chamber and the demulsification chamber, respectively realizing material circulation in the fermentation chamber and the demulsification chamber;

[0073] S6: By-product processing

[0074] The fermentation products after recycling treatment are discharged through the discharge port and enter the by-product processing stage, which is used to burn expanded clay or filler. The produced by-products are sold.

[0075] The method has the following technical advantages: (1) utilizing the unseparated and recovered oil resources in the oily sludge, achieving the harmless treatment of the oily sludge in an economical and environmentally friendly manner through microbial methods, and cooperating with biosurfactants to produce bacterial liquid, and utilizing the biosurfactants produced by itself to enhance the demulsification effect of the oily sludge;

[0076] (2) The first ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic generator are used to enhance the operation effect of the device. The first ultrasonic generator is a high-frequency ultrasonic generator, which promotes the demulsification efficiency and effect of oily sludge, enhances the ability of capillary channels to recover oil and water resources, and breaks the bacteria in the bacterial liquid to release intracellular biosurfactants to enhance the demulsification of oily sludge. The second ultrasonic generator is a low-frequency ultrasonic generator, which enhances the contact between oily sludge and microorganisms, promotes microbial reproduction, and enhances the contact efficiency between microorganisms and oxygen and oil products, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of microbial degradation of oily sludge;

[0077] (3) Achieve efficient and harmless treatment of oily sludge and coordinated recovery of oil resources, while obtaining output materials with low oil content, which can be used to prepare by-product fillers or ceramsite, and the device and method are highly economical;

[0078] (4) The device uses capillary self-priming to recover oil and water resources. The device is equipped with a first buffer structure and a second buffer structure with energy recovery function, which can achieve low-energy consumption operation and energy recovery. The device has low operating costs.

[0079] The present invention provides an oily sludge reduction treatment device and method, and its beneficial effects are as follows: the oily sludge reduction treatment device comprises a first shell and a second shell, wherein a demulsification chamber and a fermentation chamber are respectively arranged inside the two shells, a first stirring and conveying mechanism and a second stirring and conveying mechanism are respectively arranged in the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber and are connected through a connecting pipeline, oily sludge and an optional demulsifier are added into the demulsification chamber, and a first heating component heats them at the same time to provide a suitable demulsification temperature, ultrasonic vibrations are generated by the material under the action of a first ultrasonic generator, cavitation and heat are generated by friction movement of the material in the demulsification chamber, tiny bubbles are formed in the oily sludge, and when the tiny bubbles burst, The local high temperature and high pressure environment and free radicals promote the demulsification and heating of the oily sludge, improve the demulsification effect and make the first heating component energy-saving; liquid and solid products are formed in the demulsification chamber, the liquid is oil and water, the oil and water are absorbed and discharged through the capillary channel in liquid form, so as to be collected and further separated from the oil and water, and the solid product enters the fermentation chamber, the second feed port of the fermentation chamber is used to add biological bacterial liquid and biological surfactant with the function of fermenting oily sludge to produce bacterial liquid, the second heating component heats the fermentation chamber to provide a suitable fermentation temperature, and the second stirring and conveying mechanism keeps stirring to increase the contact area between the material and the oxygen in the air, promote aerobic fermentation, and in the second super Under the action of the sound generator, the material generates ultrasonic vibration, which can promote the reproduction efficiency of the bacteria in the high-temperature fermentation bacteria of the oily sludge and the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid in the fermentation chamber, and strengthen the contact effect between the microorganisms and the biological surfactant and the oily sludge, strengthen the destabilization, demulsification and degradation process of the oily sludge, and the vibration also enhances the contact efficiency between the microorganisms and oxygen, and promotes the microbial treatment effect; the oily sludge is biologically fermented in the fermentation chamber, and the gas produced by the fermentation can be discharged through the gas outlet arranged at the top of the fermentation chamber, and a part of the fermentation product produced by the fermentation flows back to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber through the reflux pipeline, and the fermentation product flowing back to the demulsification chamber, in the demulsification chamber, The addition of fermentation products, under the action of the first ultrasonic generator, breaks the microorganisms, releases the biosurfactant inside the microorganisms, and strengthens the demulsification effect of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber; the oily sludge reduction treatment device and method improve the demulsification efficiency of the oily sludge by ultrasonically strengthening the destabilization of the oily sludge and the release of the biosurfactant, and recovers oil resources by ultrasonically strengthening the capillary channels, thereby improving the economy of the device and process, reducing the microbial treatment load, and improving the treatment efficiency; and by ultrasonically strengthening the microbial reproduction ability and treatment effect and the dispersibility of the oily sludge, the treatment efficiency of the device and process is further accelerated, and the floor space and construction cost of the device are saved.

[0080] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an oily sludge reduction treatment device according to Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0083] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of .

[0084] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Another cross-sectional structural diagram of .

[0085] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first vibration structure of an oily sludge reduction treatment device according to Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0086] Figure 5 A flow chart of a method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to Example 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0087] Description of reference numerals:

[0088] 1. First shell; 2. Demulsification chamber; 3. First feed inlet; 4. First discharge outlet; 5. Capillary channel; 6. First heating component; 7. First stirring and conveying mechanism; 8. First ultrasonic generator; 9. Second shell; 10. Fermentation chamber; 11. Second feed inlet; 12. Second discharge outlet; 13. Second heating component; 14. Second stirring and conveying mechanism; 15. Second ultrasonic generator; 16. Connecting pipeline; 17. Reflux pipeline; 18. Discharge outlet; 19. First branch pipe; 20. Second branch pipe; 21. First drive motor; 22. First sealing component; 23. Two driving motors; 24. Second sealing component; 25. Air outlet; 26. Third feed port; 27. First buffer structure; 28. Second buffer structure; 29. ​​Heat transfer oil; 30. Liquid collecting tank; 31. Oil-water separation structure; 32. High-frequency ultrasonic motor; 33. High-frequency ultrasonic connector; 34. Low-frequency ultrasonic motor; 35. Low-frequency ultrasonic connector; 36. First valve; 37. Second valve; 38. Third valve; 39. Fourth valve; 40. Support structure; 41. First vibration structure; 42. Second vibration structure; 43. First base; 44. First conduction part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0090] Example 1

[0091] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an oily sludge reduction treatment device, the device comprising:

[0092] A first shell 1, wherein a demulsification chamber 2 is disposed inside the first shell 1, a first feed port 3 and a first discharge port 4 communicating with the demulsification chamber 2 are disposed at both ends of the first shell 1, a capillary channel 5 communicating with the demulsification chamber 2 is disposed on the side wall of the demulsification chamber 2, and a first heating component 6 is disposed inside the side wall of the demulsification chamber 2, a first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 is disposed inside the demulsification chamber 2 for stirring and conveying the material in the demulsification chamber 2, and a first ultrasonic generator 8 is disposed inside the demulsification chamber 2;

[0093] A second shell 9, wherein a fermentation chamber 10 is disposed inside the second shell 9, a second feed port 11 and a second discharge port 12 communicating with the fermentation chamber 10 are disposed at both ends of the second shell 9, a second heating component 13 is disposed in the side wall of the fermentation chamber 10, a second stirring and conveying mechanism 14 is disposed in the fermentation chamber 10 for stirring and conveying the material in the fermentation chamber 10, and a second ultrasonic generator 15 is disposed in the fermentation chamber;

[0094] A connecting pipeline 16, the connecting pipeline 16 is connected to the first discharge port 4 and the second feed port 11;

[0095] The reflux pipeline 17 has one end connected to the second discharge port 12, and a discharge port 18 is provided at one end of the reflux pipeline 17, and the other end of the reflux pipeline 17 is connected to the first feed port 3 and the second feed port 11 through a first branch pipe 19 and a second branch pipe 20 respectively.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 includes a first rotating shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the demulsification chamber 2, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the first driving motor 21, and the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first stirring and conveying blade; the first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 drives the first rotating shaft to drive the first stirring and conveying blade to rotate through the first driving motor 21, and the first stirring and conveying blade can stir the material while conveying the material from a position close to the first feed port 3 to a direction close to the first discharge port 4; the first stirring and conveying blade can adopt an auger blade, and the residence time of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2 can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft and the shape of the first stirring and conveying blade; one end of the first rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the first shell 1, and is connected to the first driving motor 21 outside the first shell 1, and the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first sealing component 22 connected to the first shell 1 ; The second stirring and conveying mechanism 14 includes a second rotating shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the fermentation chamber 10, one end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the second drive motor 23, and the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft is provided with a second stirring and conveying blade; the second stirring and conveying mechanism 14 drives the second rotating shaft to drive the second stirring and conveying blade to rotate through the second drive motor 23, and the second stirring and conveying blade can stir the material while conveying the material from a position close to the second feed port 11 to a direction close to the second discharge port 12; the second stirring and conveying blade can adopt an auger blade, and the residence time of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2 can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft and the shape of the second stirring and conveying blade; one end of the second rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the second shell 9, and is connected to the second drive motor 23 outside the second shell 9, and the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft is provided with a second sealing component 24 connected to the second shell 9.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first drive motor 21 and the second drive motor 23 are both variable frequency motors.

[0098] In this embodiment, a gas outlet 25 is provided at the top of the fermentation chamber 10, and the gas generated by the fermentation can be discharged through the gas outlet 25 for purification.

[0099] In this embodiment, the first heating component 6 and the second heating component 13 are both electric heating rods.

[0100] In this embodiment, a reflux pump is provided on the reflux pipeline 17 .

[0101] In this embodiment, a third feed port 26 is provided on the reflux pipeline 17 for inputting the biological bacterial liquid and air into the fermentation chamber 10 .

[0102] The first shell 1 includes a first outer shell and a first inner shell arranged inside the first outer shell, and a first buffer structure 27 is arranged between the first outer shell and the first inner shell. The second shell 9 includes a second outer shell and a second inner shell arranged inside the second outer shell, and a second buffer structure 28 is arranged between the second outer shell and the second inner shell.

[0103] In this embodiment, heat transfer oil 29 is filled between the first outer shell and the first inner shell, and heat transfer oil 29 is filled between the second outer shell and the second inner shell. The first buffer structure 27 and the second buffer structure 28 are both columnar structures made of silicone rubber. At this time, the capillary channel 5 is opened on the first inner shell, and a through hole is opened at the corresponding position on the first outer shell, and the through hole is connected to the first inner shell through a cylinder so that the liquid discharged through the capillary channel 5 can flow out.

[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, the side walls of the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10 are respectively provided with a plurality of first vibration structures 41 and a plurality of second vibration structures 42, wherein the first vibration structure 41 comprises a first base portion 43 made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the first inner shell and a first conduction portion 44 made of a soft material connected to one end of the first base portion 43 away from the first inner shell; the second vibration structure comprises a second base portion made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the second inner shell and a second conduction portion made of a soft material connected to one end of the second base portion away from the second inner shell.

[0105] A liquid collecting groove 30 communicating with the capillary channel 5 is disposed on the outer side of the outer wall of the first housing 1 , and a liquid drain port is disposed at the bottom of the liquid collecting groove 30 .

[0106] The liquid collecting tank 30 is connected to the outer wall of the first shell 1, and a liquid collecting space is formed on the outer side of the outer wall of the first shell 1. The liquid generated in the demulsification chamber 2 in the oil-containing sludge reduction treatment device can be discharged to the liquid collecting tank 30 through the capillary channel 5; a drain port is provided at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 30 to achieve drainage, maintain sufficient space in the liquid collecting tank 30, promote the absorption of oil and water by the capillary channel 5, and discharge the liquid into the oil-water separation structure 31 to separate the oil and water.

[0107] It also includes an oil-water separation structure 31, which is connected to the first liquid discharge port.

[0108] In this embodiment, the oil-water separation structure 31 includes a separation tank, in which water and oil are separated by gravity through natural sedimentation; a liquid level monitor is provided in the separation tank, and water and oil resources are regularly recovered through a PLC control system.

[0109] The frequency of the first ultrasonic generator 8 is greater than 80 KHz, and the frequency of the second ultrasonic generator 15 is 20-40 KHz.

[0110] In this embodiment, the high-frequency ultrasonic motor 32 drives the high-frequency ultrasonic device to generate ultrasonic vibrations with a frequency greater than 80KHz through the high-frequency ultrasonic connector 33, and the low-frequency ultrasonic motor 34 drives the low-frequency ultrasonic device to generate ultrasonic vibrations with a frequency of 20-40KHz through the low-frequency ultrasonic connector 35.

[0111] In this embodiment, a support structure 40 is provided at the bottom of the first shell and the second shell respectively. The support structure 40 is provided with a shock-absorbing structure, which can reduce the impact of the vibration caused by ultrasound on the ground and improve the service life of the device.

[0112] A plurality of hollow capillary fibers are embedded in the side wall of the demulsification chamber 2 , and capillary channels 5 are arranged in the hollow capillary fibers.

[0113] The pore size of the capillary channel 5 is 0.01-3 microns.

[0114] A first valve 36 is provided on the first discharge port 4 or the connecting pipeline 16 , and a second valve 37 is provided on the discharge port 18 .

[0115] The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are provided with a third valve 38 and a fourth valve 39 respectively.

[0116] In this embodiment, the first valve 36 , the second valve 37 , the third valve 38 and the fourth valve 39 are all control valves with adjustable openings.

[0117] Examples 2A-2I

[0118] The oily sludge reduction treatment device of Example 1 is used to reduce the oily sludge, and the steps are as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0119] Example 2A

[0120] The oily sludge to be treated has a water content of 22%, an oil content of 69%, and a solid content of 9%. The treatment method is as follows:

[0121] S1: Feed

[0122] The oily sludge to be treated is added to the demulsification chamber 2 through the first feed port 3 at a flow rate of 92 kg / d. The demulsifiers are sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and glycerol in a ratio of 3:1 and an addition amount of 0.8 g per liter of oily sludge. The fermentation product refluxed from the reflux line 17 is added to the first feed port 3 through the first branch pipe 19 at a flow rate of 22 kg / d.

[0123] S2: Demulsification

[0124] The prepared solid material is heated by the first heating component 6 in the demulsification chamber 2, and the material temperature is 73°C. The first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 stirs the material and pushes the material forward, and the residence time of the material in the demulsification chamber 2 is maintained at 1 day. The first ultrasonic generator 8 generates ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 100KHz to treat the oily sludge, and generates local high temperature and high pressure through cavitation to achieve destabilization and demulsification of the oily sludge, and promotes the cell structure rupture of the bacterial strain in the bacterial liquid produced by the biosurfactant in the refluxed fermentation product, releases the biosurfactant enriched in the cell, and further improves the demulsification effect and efficiency of the oily sludge. The demulsification chamber 2 vibrates under the action of high-frequency ultrasound, and the first buffer structure 27 is provided with a piezoelectric structure, which can convert the kinetic energy of vibration compression into electrical energy, and then conduct it to the heating plate to generate heat, so as to realize the recovery and reuse of ultrasonic energy, increase the temperature in the demulsification chamber 2, improve the demulsification effect of the oily sludge, and strengthen the reduction and resource treatment effect of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2;

[0125] S3: Oil recovery

[0126] After demulsification by demulsifier, biosurfactant and ultrasonic three-phase combined demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2, solid-liquid separation is achieved. Water and oil resources are self-absorbed into the liquid collecting tank 30 through the capillary channel 5 at the bottom of the demulsification chamber 2. The hollow capillary fibers are made of polyvinylidene fluoride material. A plurality of hollow capillary fibers form a hollow capillary fiber bundle. Capillary channels 5 are also formed between adjacent hollow capillary fibers in the hollow capillary fiber bundle. The average capillary channel 5 size is 0.56 microns. The bottom of the liquid collecting tank 30 is inclined at 3°, so that the oil and water resources automatically flow into the separation tank. In the separation tank, water and oil resources are separated by gravity in the separation tank. Two liquid level float gauges for water phase and oil phase are installed in the separation tank. When the total volume reaches 95%, the oil is recovered through the PLC control system. When the oil phase volume is less than 10% or the total volume is less than 50%, the oil recovery is stopped. When the water phase liquid level float gauge exceeds 50%, the water is recovered through the PLC control system. When the water phase volume is less than 15%, the water recovery is stopped. After recovery, water with a purity higher than 98.6% and oil with a purity higher than 99.2% are obtained.

[0127] S4: Biological fermentation

[0128] The solid product after demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the first discharge port 4, and the air is at a speed of 16m 3 / d flow rate into the fermentation chamber 10 through the second feed port 11, the biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge, mainly composed of Nocardia and Cereus, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 1200mL / d, the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid, mainly composed of Torulopsis petroleum and Bacillus cereus, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 600mL / d, and the refluxed fermentation product enters the fermentation chamber 10 from the second branch pipe 20 at a flow rate of 12kg / d. The second stirring and conveying mechanism 14 is used for The material in the fermentation chamber 10 is continuously stirred and pushed, and the residence time of the material in the fermentation chamber 10 is maintained at 6 days. The fermentation chamber 10 is heated by the second heating component 13 to maintain the temperature in the fermentation chamber 10 at 71° C. The second ultrasonic generator 15 generates a low-frequency ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 28KHz. The low-frequency ultrasonic vibration promotes the reproduction of microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10, promotes the contact between microorganisms and oily sludge, strengthens the contact between microorganisms and oxygen, strengthens the uniform distribution and stirring of the oily sludge, and strengthens the harmless treatment effect of the oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10;

[0129] S5: Material circulation

[0130] The fermentation product after microbial treatment in the fermentation chamber 10 reaches the second discharge port 12 driven by the second stirring and conveying mechanism 14, of which 78% enters the reflux pipeline 17 for circulation, and 22% is discharged through the discharge port 18 for by-product processing. 35% of the refluxed fermentation product entering the reflux pipeline 17 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the second branch pipe 20, and 65% enters the demulsification chamber 2 through the first branch pipe 19. The waste gas generated during the fermentation process and the evaporated water vapor are discharged through the gas outlet 25 at the top of the fermentation chamber 10 for purification treatment;

[0131] S6: By-product processing

[0132] The fermentation product after recycling treatment is discharged through the discharge port 18. The stable solid material after treatment has a moisture content of 5.9%, an oil content of 1.8%, a solid content of 92.3%, and a reduction rate of 90%. After the material is dried at 105°C for 6 hours, it is preheated at 300°C for 2 hours. Subsequently, clay, activated carbon powder and other additives are added to the material, and a spherical model with a diameter of 4 to 7 mm is formed through ball milling. The by-product ceramsite is obtained by calcining at 850°C for 1.5 hours.

[0133] Example 2B

[0134] The oily sludge to be treated has a water content of 83%, an oil content of 10%, and a solid content of 7%. The treatment method is as follows:

[0135] S1: Feed

[0136] The oily sludge to be treated is added into the demulsification chamber 2 through the first feed port 3 at a flow rate of 158 kg / d. Sodium lignin sulfonate is selected as the demulsifier, and the addition amount is 0.1 g per liter of oily sludge. The refluxed fermentation product is added into the first feed port 3 through the first branch pipe 19 at a flow rate of 37.5 kg / d.

[0137] S2: Demulsification

[0138] The prepared solid material is heated by the first heating component 6 in the demulsification chamber 2, and the material temperature is 75°C. The first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 stirs the material and pushes the material forward, keeping the material in the demulsification chamber 2 for 0.9 days. The first ultrasonic generator 8 generates ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 80KHz to treat the oily sludge, and generates local high temperature and high pressure through cavitation to achieve destabilization and demulsification of the oily sludge, and promote the rupture of the bacteria in the bacterial liquid produced by the biosurfactant in the refluxed fermentation product, release the biosurfactant enriched in the cell, and further improve the demulsification effect and efficiency of the oily sludge. The demulsification chamber 2 vibrates under the action of high-frequency ultrasound, and the first buffer structure 27 is provided with a piezoelectric structure, which can convert the kinetic energy of vibration compression into electrical energy, and then conduct it to the heating plate to generate heat, so as to realize the recovery and reuse of ultrasonic energy, increase the temperature in the demulsification chamber 2, improve the demulsification effect of the oily sludge, and strengthen the reduction and resource treatment effect of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2;

[0139] S3: Oil recovery

[0140] After demulsification by demulsifier, biosurfactant and ultrasonic three-phase combined demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2, solid-liquid separation is achieved, and water and oil resources enter the liquid collecting tank 30 through the capillary channel 5 at the bottom of the demulsification chamber 2 by self-absorption. The hollow capillary in the capillary channel 5 is made of polyvinylidene fluoride material, and the average capillary channel 5 size is 0.62 microns. The bottom of the liquid collecting tank 30 is inclined at 7 degrees, so that the oil and water resources automatically flow into the separation tank, and the water and oil resources are separated by gravity in the separation tank. Two liquid level floats for water phase and oil phase are provided in the separation tank. When the total volume reaches 95%, the oil is recovered through the PLC control system. When the oil phase volume is less than 10% or the total volume is less than 50%, the oil recovery is stopped. When the water phase liquid level float exceeds 50%, the water is recovered through the PLC control system. When the water phase volume is less than 15%, the water recovery is stopped. After recovery, water with a purity higher than 99.1% and oil resources with a purity higher than 99.4% are obtained;

[0141] S4: Biological fermentation

[0142] The solid material after demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the first discharge port 4, and the air is at a speed of 22m 3 / d flow rate into the fermentation chamber 10 through the second feed port 11, the biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge, mainly composed of Nocardia and Cereus, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 700mL / d, the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid, mainly composed of Torulopsis petroleum and Bacillus cereus, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 400mL / d, and the refluxed fermentation product enters the fermentation chamber 10 from the second branch pipe 20 at a flow rate of 20kg / d. The second stirring and conveying mechanism 14 has a flow rate of 20kg / d. The material in the chamber 10 is continuously stirred and pushed, and the residence time of the material in the fermentation chamber 10 is maintained at 8 days. The fermentation chamber 10 is heated by the second heating component 13 to maintain the temperature in the fermentation chamber 10 at 70° C. The second ultrasonic generator 15 generates a low-frequency ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 28KHz. The low-frequency ultrasonic vibration promotes the reproduction of microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10, promotes the contact between microorganisms and oily sludge, strengthens the contact between microorganisms and oxygen, strengthens the uniform distribution and stirring of the oily sludge, and strengthens the harmless treatment effect of the oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10;

[0143] S5: Material circulation

[0144] The fermentation product after microbial treatment in the fermentation chamber 10 reaches the second discharge port 12 driven by the second stirring and conveying mechanism 14, 80% of which enters the reflux pipeline 17 for circulation, and 20% is discharged through the discharge port 18 for by-product processing. 36% of the refluxed fermentation product entering the reflux pipeline 17 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the second branch pipe 20, and 64% enters the demulsification chamber 2 through the first branch pipe 19. The waste gas generated during the fermentation process and the evaporated water vapor are discharged through the gas outlet 25 at the top of the fermentation chamber 10 for purification treatment;

[0145] S6: By-product processing

[0146] The fermentation product after recycling treatment is discharged through the discharge port 18. The stable solid material after treatment has a moisture content of 12.3%, an oil content of 0.9%, a solid content of 86.8%, and a reduction rate of 92%. After the material is dried at 105°C for 8 hours, it is preheated at 320°C for 2 hours. Subsequently, clay, activated carbon powder and other additives are added to the material, and a spherical model with a diameter of 4 to 7 mm is formed through ball milling. The by-product ceramsite is calcined at 950°C for 2 hours.

[0147] Example 2C

[0148] The oily sludge to be treated has a water content of 30%, an oil content of 25%, and a solid content of 45%. The treatment method is as follows:

[0149] S1: Feed

[0150] The oily sludge to be treated is added to the demulsification chamber 2 through the first feed port 3 at a flow rate of 88 kg / d, and the refluxed fermentation product is added to the first feed port 3 through the first branch pipe 19 at a flow rate of 18 kg / d;

[0151] S2: Demulsification

[0152] The prepared solid material is heated by the first heating component 6 in the demulsification chamber 2, and the material temperature is 80°C. The first stirring and conveying mechanism 7 stirs the material and pushes the material forward, keeping the material in the demulsification chamber 2 for 1.2 days. The first ultrasonic generator 8 generates ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 100KHz to treat the oily sludge, and generates local high temperature and high pressure through cavitation to achieve destabilization and demulsification of the oily sludge, and promote the rupture of bacteria in the bacterial liquid produced by the biosurfactant in the refluxed fermentation product, release the biosurfactant enriched in the cell, and further improve the demulsification effect and efficiency of the oily sludge. The demulsification chamber 2 vibrates under the action of high-frequency ultrasound, and the first buffer structure 27 is provided with a piezoelectric structure, which can convert the kinetic energy of vibration compression into electrical energy, and then conduct it to the heating plate to generate heat, so as to realize the recovery and reuse of ultrasonic energy, increase the temperature in the demulsification chamber 2, improve the demulsification effect of the oily sludge, and strengthen the reduction and resource treatment effect of the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2;

[0153] S3: Oil recovery

[0154] After demulsification by demulsifier, biosurfactant and ultrasonic three-phase combined demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2, solid-liquid separation is achieved, and water and oil resources enter the collecting tank 30 through the capillary channel 5 at the bottom of the demulsification chamber 2 by self-absorption. The hollow capillary in the capillary channel 5 is made of polyvinyl chloride material, and the average capillary channel 5 size is 0.48 microns. The bottom of the collecting tank 30 is inclined at 6°, so that the oil and water resources automatically flow into the separation tank, and the water and oil resources are separated by gravity in the separation tank. Two liquid level floats for water phase and oil phase are provided in the separation tank. When the total volume reaches 95%, the oil is recovered through the PLC control system. When the oil phase volume is less than 10% or the total volume is less than 50%, the oil recovery is stopped. When the water phase liquid level float exceeds 50%, the water is recovered through the PLC control system. When the water phase volume is less than 15%, the water recovery is stopped. After recovery, water with a purity higher than 99.1% and oil resources with a purity higher than 99.4% are obtained;

[0155] S4: Biological fermentation

[0156] The solid material after demulsification in the demulsification chamber 2 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the first discharge port 4, and the air is heated at 20m 3 / d flow rate into the fermentation chamber 10 through the second feed port 11, the biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge, mainly composed of Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Corynebacterium, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 600mL / d, the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid, mainly composed of Torulopsis petroleum and Bacillus cereus, enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the third feed port 26 at a flow rate of 300mL / d, the refluxed fermentation product enters the fermentation chamber 10 from the second branch pipe 20 at a flow rate of 10kg / d, and the second stirring output The conveying mechanism 14 continuously stirs and pushes the material to keep the residence time of the material in the fermentation chamber 10 at 5.5 days. The fermentation chamber 10 is heated by the second heating component 13 to keep the temperature in the fermentation chamber 10 at 72° C. The second ultrasonic generator 15 generates low-frequency ultrasonic vibration with a working frequency of 25 KHz. The low-frequency ultrasonic vibration promotes the reproduction of microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10, promotes the contact between microorganisms and oily sludge, strengthens the contact between microorganisms and oxygen, strengthens the uniform distribution and stirring of the oily sludge, and strengthens the harmless treatment effect of the oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10;

[0157] S5: Material circulation

[0158] The fermentation product after microbial treatment in the fermentation chamber 10 reaches the second discharge port 12 driven by the second stirring and conveying mechanism 14, of which 76% enters the reflux pipeline 17 for circulation, and 24% is discharged through the discharge port 18 for by-product processing. 36% of the refluxed fermentation product entering the reflux pipeline 17 enters the fermentation chamber 10 through the second branch pipe 20, and 64% enters the demulsification chamber 2 through the first branch pipe 19. The waste gas generated during the fermentation process and the evaporated water vapor are discharged through the gas outlet 25 at the top of the fermentation chamber 10 for purification treatment;

[0159] S6: By-product processing

[0160] The fermentation product after recycling treatment is discharged through the discharge port 18. The stable solid material after treatment has a moisture content of 3.6%, an oil content of 0.8%, a solid content of 95.6%, and a reduction rate of 53%. After the material is dried at 110°C for 4 hours, it is preheated at 350°C for 1.5 hours. Subsequently, clay, activated carbon powder and other additives are added to the material, and a spherical model with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm is formed through ball milling. The by-product ceramsite is calcined at 1000°C for 2 hours.

[0161] Examples 2D1-2D5

[0162] The device and method with the same structure as that of Example 2A are used, but the output power of the first heating component 6 of the demulsification chamber 2 and the second heating component 13 of the fermentation chamber 10 are kept unchanged during operation, and whether ultrasound is used for the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10 is changed. The temperatures of the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10 corresponding to the use of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 are shown in Table 1 below:

[0163] Table 1

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] By comparison, it was found that when the output power of the first heating component 6 of the demulsification chamber 2 and the second heating component 13 of the fermentation chamber 10 was kept unchanged, the high-frequency ultrasound and low-frequency ultrasound of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 respectively increased the temperature of the material in the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10, and the frequency change of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 had little effect on the material temperature. Therefore, the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 used in this embodiment can effectively increase the material temperature, and the output power of the first heating component 6 and the second heating component 13 can be appropriately reduced.

[0167] Examples 2E1-2E5

[0168] The same device and method as in Example 2A are used, but whether ultrasound is used for the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10 is changed during operation. The corresponding oil and water resource recovery amounts of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0169] Table 2

[0170]

[0171] By comparison, it is found that the high-frequency ultrasound and low-frequency ultrasound of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 can improve the recovery amount and recovery purity of water and oil in the demulsification chamber 2, especially the promotion effect of high-frequency ultrasound is obvious. This result confirms the promotion effect of high-frequency ultrasound on the demulsification of oil-containing sludge in the demulsification chamber 2, the crushing of bacteria in the bacterial liquid of biosurfactant production, the heat generation by cavitation, and the recovery of hollow capillary fiber bundles. Low-frequency ultrasound also shows a certain effect on the recovery amount and recovery purity of oil and water.

[0172] The low-frequency ultrasound promotes the reproduction of microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10, and then the fermentation product enters the demulsification chamber 2 through the reflux to enhance the demulsification of oily sludge and the recovery of oil and water.

[0173] Examples 2F1-2F4

[0174] The same device and method as in Example 2A were used, but whether to add the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution to the feed of the fermentation chamber 10 was regulated. The corresponding oil-water recovery amount and oil-containing sludge reduction rate depending on whether the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution was added and the addition flow rate were different are shown in Table 3 below:

[0175] Table 3

[0176]

[0177] By comparison, it was found that adding biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid can significantly improve the reduction rate of oily sludge and the amount of oil and water recovered, indicating that this embodiment uses petroleum in oily sludge to co-cultivate biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid and then circulates the material to the demulsification chamber 2 under high-frequency ultrasonic action for crushing and releasing the intracellular enriched biosurfactant, which has a significant promoting effect on the reduction treatment of oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2 and destabilization and demulsification.

[0178] Examples 2G1-2G7

[0179] The same device and method as in Example 2A are used, but the second ultrasonic generator 15 is regulated during operation. The changes in the oil content in the material produced by the fermentation chamber 10 at different output frequencies of the second ultrasonic generator 15 are shown in Table 4 below:

[0180] Table 4

[0181]

[0182] By comparison, it was found that the use of low-frequency ultrasound in the fermentation chamber 10 can significantly improve the treatment effect of oily sludge, which proves that low-frequency ultrasound can improve the uniform distribution and stirring of oily sludge, improve the reproduction of microorganisms, and promote the contact between microorganisms and oil products in oily sludge and oxygen in the air; selecting low-frequency ultrasound of appropriate frequency can further promote the reproduction and treatment effect of microorganisms, but the use of high-frequency ultrasound will cause the microorganisms to be broken and killed, significantly reducing the harmless treatment effect of oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10. Therefore, the use of low-frequency ultrasound (when the output frequency is 20-40KHz) can enhance the harmless treatment effect of the fermentation chamber 10 on oily sludge and improve the treatment performance of the device on oily sludge.

[0183] Examples 2H1-2H11

[0184] The device and method with the same structure as in Example 2A are used, but the number of vibration structures in the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10 is adjusted during operation. The oily sludge treatment effects corresponding to different numbers of vibration structures are shown in Table 5 below:

[0185] Table 5

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] By comparison, it is found that the treatment effect of the device on oily sludge is significantly improved by setting a vibration structure. By adding a vibration structure in the demulsification chamber 2 and the fermentation chamber 10, a longitudinal shear force can be provided for the oily sludge, the relative movement efficiency inside the oily sludge can be improved, the contact and mixing of biological surfactants and chemical surfactants with the oily sludge in the demulsification chamber 2 can be accelerated, the demulsification process of the oily sludge can be accelerated, and the contact between microorganisms and oxygen and oil resources can be improved in the fermentation chamber 10, and the efficiency of microbial fermentation and degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons can be improved; by adding a vibration structure, the vibration effect of ultrasound on oily sludge is significantly improved, thereby improving the reduction rate of oily sludge. When the number of vibration structures in the demulsification chamber 2 is greater than or equal to 10, and the number of vibration structures in the fermentation chamber 10 is greater than or equal to 50, the device has a better treatment effect on oily sludge, and the reduction rate of oily sludge is maintained above 85%.

[0189] Examples 2I1-2I7

[0190] The same device and method as in Example 2A were used, but during operation, whether the first ultrasonic generator 8 was set in the demulsification chamber 2 and the amount of chemical surfactant added were regulated. The internal characterization results of the oily sludge corresponding to the setting of the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the amount of chemical surfactant added were shown in Table 6 below:

[0191] Table 6

[0192]

[0193] The oily sludge material at the first discharge port 4 of the demulsification chamber 2 was taken, and a certain amount of leachate was taken to test the interfacial tension of the oily sludge leachate system through a TX-500C rotating drop interfacial tension meter (Germany, KURSS). The smaller the interfacial tension, the better the demulsification treatment effect of the demulsifier and the biological surfactant on the oily sludge. By comparing the high-frequency ultrasonic working frequency and the amount of demulsifier added, it can be found that the high-frequency ultrasound significantly improves the crushing of microorganisms in the demulsification chamber 2, increases the concentration of the biological surfactant, and significantly reduces the interfacial tension of the oily sludge system, promotes the demulsification of the oily sludge, thereby improving the reduction rate of the oily sludge. In addition, the addition of the chemical demulsifier and the biological surfactant plays a synergistic role in promoting the decrease of the interfacial tension and improving the demulsification effect of the oily sludge.

[0194] Embodiments 2J1-2J6

[0195] The same device and method as in Example 2A were used, but during operation, whether the second ultrasonic generator 15 was used in the fermentation chamber 10 and the amount of the added bacterial solution produced by the biosurfactant were regulated. The results of the microbial concentration inside the oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10 corresponding to different operating parameters are shown in Table 7 below:

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] Take the oily sludge at the second outlet 12 of the fermentation chamber 10, dilute the leaching solution by 5 times, and measure the optical density (OD) under 600nm wavelength light. 600 ), OD 600 The larger the value, the higher the density of microorganisms. The degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the fermentation chamber 10 is calculated by respectively measuring the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the oily sludge at the second feed port 11 and the second discharge port 12 of the fermentation chamber 10. The larger the value, the more efficient the harmless treatment effect of the microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10 on the oily sludge. The results show that the presence of low-frequency ultrasound in the fermentation chamber 10 can significantly enhance the reproduction of microorganisms, increase the density of microorganisms in the fermentation chamber 10, and enhance the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the oily sludge in the fermentation chamber 10, thereby improving the treatment effect of the oily sludge.

[0199] Adding biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid can also significantly improve the treatment effect of oily sludge. Adding biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid at the same time as low-frequency ultrasound can make the oily sludge reduction rate higher than 80%. Increasing the flow rate of biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid can also further improve the treatment effect of oily sludge. When the flow rate of biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid is greater than or equal to 300mL / d, the oily sludge reduction rate is as high as more than 85%. However, when the flow rate of biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid is too high (600-800mL / d), the oily sludge reduction effect is not significantly improved. Considering the cost comprehensively, the flow rate of biosurfactant to produce bacterial liquid is preferably 300-600mL / d.

[0200] Compared with CN114956496A and CN114031255A, this embodiment recovers oil and water resources through self-absorption of the capillary pores 5, which is low in cost, and adopts the first ultrasonic generator 8 and the second ultrasonic generator 15 to emit high-frequency ultrasound and low-frequency ultrasound respectively. In the demulsification stage, the high-frequency ultrasound strengthens the dispersion of the oily sludge, and the cavitation generates tiny bubbles, forming local high temperature and high pressure to promote the destabilization and demulsification of the oily sludge. The high-frequency ultrasound breaks the biosurfactant in the refluxed fermentation product to produce the bacteria in the bacterial liquid, releases the biosurfactant enriched in the cell, and promotes the demulsification effect of the oily sludge. The high-frequency ultrasound also synergistically strengthens the separation and recovery effect of the capillary pores 5 on oil and water, and improves the reduction and resource efficiency of the oily sludge through the high-frequency ultrasound. The device has a harmless treatment effect. In the fermentation stage, low-frequency ultrasound promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, strengthens the contact efficiency between microorganisms and oily sludge and oxygen, strengthens the stirring and uniform distribution of oily sludge, and improves the harmless treatment effect of oily sludge through low-frequency ultrasound. The device is also equipped with a first buffer structure 27 and a second buffer structure 28, which can recycle the extra energy of ultrasonic vibration to save heating energy. The materials after harmless, reduced and resource-based treatment of oily sludge can be used to prepare fillers or ceramsite as by-products, which has a high economic advantage. The oil resources that cannot be recovered in the oily sludge are used as nutrients to cultivate the strains in the oily sludge degradation microorganisms and biosurfactant-producing bacterial liquid, which is low-cost and has no secondary pollution, and has a high environmental advantage.

[0201] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for reducing the amount of oily sludge, characterized in that: The device includes: A first shell, wherein a demulsification chamber is disposed inside the first shell, a first feed port and a first discharge port connected to the demulsification chamber are disposed at two ends of the first shell respectively, a capillary channel connected to the demulsification chamber is disposed on the side wall of the demulsification chamber, and a first heating component is disposed inside the side wall of the demulsification chamber, a first stirring and conveying mechanism is disposed in the demulsification chamber for stirring and conveying the material in the demulsification chamber, and a first ultrasonic generator is disposed in the demulsification chamber; A second shell, wherein a fermentation chamber is disposed inside the second shell, a second feed port and a second discharge port communicating with the fermentation chamber are disposed at two ends of the second shell, a second heating component is disposed inside the side wall of the fermentation chamber, a second stirring and conveying mechanism is disposed inside the fermentation chamber for stirring and conveying the material in the fermentation chamber, and a second ultrasonic generator is disposed inside the fermentation chamber; A connecting pipeline, the connecting pipeline is connected to the first discharge port and the second feed port; A reflux pipeline, one end of which is connected to the second discharge port, and a discharge port is provided at the one end of the reflux pipeline, and the other end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the first feed port and the second feed port respectively through a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe.

2. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first shell includes a first outer shell and a first inner shell arranged inside the first outer shell, a first buffer structure is arranged between the first outer shell and the first inner shell, and the second shell includes a second outer shell and a second inner shell arranged inside the second outer shell, a second buffer structure is arranged between the second outer shell and the second inner shell.

3. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The side walls of the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber are respectively provided with multiple first vibration structures and multiple second vibration structures, the first vibration structure includes a first base part made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the first inner shell and a first conduction part made of a soft material connected to one end of the first base part away from the first inner shell; the second vibration structure includes a second base part made of a hard material connected to the inner wall of the second inner shell and a second conduction part made of a soft material connected to one end of the second base part away from the second inner shell.

4. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A liquid collecting groove communicated with the capillary channel is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of the first shell, and a liquid drain port is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting groove.

5. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes an oil-water separation structure, which is connected to the first liquid discharge port.

6. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frequency of the first ultrasonic generator is greater than 80 KHz, and the frequency of the second ultrasonic generator is 20-40 KHz.

7. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of hollow capillary fibers are embedded in the side wall of the demulsification chamber, and the capillary channels are arranged in the hollow capillary fibers.

8. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pore size of the capillary channel is 0.01-3 microns.

9. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first discharge port or the connecting pipeline is provided with a first valve, and the discharge port is provided with a second valve.

10. The oily sludge reduction treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively provided with a third valve and a fourth valve.

11. A method for reducing the amount of oily sludge, using the device for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The method includes: Feeding the oily sludge and the optional demulsifier into the demulsification chamber from the first feed port; Heating, stirring and conveying the materials in the demulsification chamber; Leading out at least part of the liquid generated in the demulsification chamber through the capillary channel; The solid product produced in the demulsification chamber is fed into the fermentation chamber through the first discharge port, the connecting pipeline and the second feed port, and the biological bacterial liquid having the function of fermenting the oily sludge is fed into the fermentation chamber through the second feed port; Heating, stirring and conveying the materials in the fermentation chamber; A part of the fermentation product produced in the fermentation chamber is refluxed to the demulsification chamber and the fermentation chamber through the reflux pipeline, and another part of the fermentation product is discharged through the discharge port.

12. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method also includes separating oil and water from the derived liquid.

13. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The invention also includes inputting a demulsification-promoting fermentation filler into the demulsification chamber through a first feed port.

14. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 13, characterized in that: The de-milk fermentation-promoting filler comprises at least one of cow dung, straw, rice husk, sawdust and kitchen waste.

15. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method also includes inputting air into the fermentation chamber through a second feed inlet.

16. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The biological bacterial liquid capable of fermenting oily sludge includes fermentation-promoting bacteria, and the fermentation-promoting bacteria include at least one of Bacillus, Nocardia, Megachnism, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas.

17. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 16, characterized in that: When the biological bacterial liquid with the function of fermenting oily sludge is input into the fermentation chamber from the second feed port, it also includes inputting the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid into the fermentation chamber from the second feed port, and the biological surfactant producing bacterial liquid includes: at least one of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Torulopsis petroleum, and Arthrobacter strains.

18. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The proportion of the fermentation product entering the reflux pipeline through the second discharge port is 30-95%.

19. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 18, characterized in that: The ratio of the fermentation products entering the fermentation chamber and the demulsification chamber through the second branch pipe and the first branch pipe respectively is 2:1-1:

6.

20. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The demulsifier is selected from at least one of carbon tetrachloride, sodium lignin sulfonate, polyether polyquaternary ammonium salt, glycerol, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

21. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The temperature in the demulsification chamber is 35-90°C, and the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 50-80°C.

22. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The residence time of the material in the demulsification chamber is 0.5-3 days, and the residence time of the material in the fermentation chamber is 3-14 days.

23. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method also includes processing the fermentation product discharged from the discharge port to form filler or ceramsite.

24. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 17, characterized in that: The flow rate of the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution is 100-800 mL / d, preferably 300-600 mL / d, and the concentration of the biosurfactant producing bacterial solution is higher than 10 8 Pieces / mL.

25. The method for reducing the amount of oily sludge according to claim 16, characterized in that: The addition flow rate of the biological bacteria liquid capable of fermenting oily sludge is 200-1600 mL / d, preferably 600-1200 mL / d, and the concentration of the biological bacteria liquid capable of fermenting oily sludge is higher than 5*10 7 Pieces / mL.

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