A highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ABS composite materials, and relates to a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof. The present invention provides a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material, which comprises, by mass parts: 100 parts of transparent ABS resin, 20-40 parts of a composite flame retardant, 1-5 parts of a flame-retardant synergist, 15-30 parts of a toughening agent, and 1-3 parts of a transparent synergist. The present invention solves the technical problem that in a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material, due to low material properties, a toughening agent must be added to improve its toughness, resulting in a decrease in its light transmittance, through the combination of specific flame retardants and the addition of a transparent synergist.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ABS composite materials, and relates to a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with good temperature adaptability and is widely used in industries such as automobiles, electrical appliances, electronics, and building materials. However, the flame retardancy of ABS is poor, its limiting oxygen index (LOI) is only about 19.0%, and its thermal stability is poor, making it easy to burn, which is not conducive to rescue during a fire. Organic flame retardants [such as flame-retardant oligomers (PSPTR), melamine (MA), melamine cyanurate (MCA), resorcinol-bis(diphenyl phosphate) condensate (SOL-DP), hydroquinone bis(diphenyl phosphate) (HDP), intumescent flame retardants (IFR), N,N'-ethylenediamine (PDTA), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), methyl benzoate (PEPB), etc.] have good flame retardancy and help ABS generate a uniformly structured carbon layer during combustion, reducing the thermal decomposition rate and thus improving its flame retardancy. The design principle of transparent ABS resin is to adjust the chemical structure of the material through blending, copolymerization, etc. while maintaining the advanced structure of its microphase separation, reducing the refractive index difference between the rubber / plastic phases. Thus, the light scattering effect is eliminated to achieve transparency in the visible light region. Generally, when the refractive index difference between the two phases is less than 0.009, sufficient transparency can be achieved. If transparent ABS resin wants to meet the requirements of flame retardancy and high toughness, it has to add flame retardants and toughening agents, which makes it difficult for ABS composite materials to simultaneously meet the performance requirements of high flame retardancy, high toughness, and high light transmittance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that if transparent ABS resin wants to meet the requirements of flame retardancy and high toughness, it has to add flame retardants and toughening agents, which makes it difficult for ABS composite materials to simultaneously meet the performance requirements of high flame retardancy, high toughness, and high light transmittance. In response to this, the present invention provides a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof to solve this need in the art.

[0004] On the one hand, the present invention relates to a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material. Calculated by mass parts, the raw materials for preparing the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material include: 100 parts of transparent ABS resin, 20 - 40 parts of composite flame retardant, 1 - 5 parts of flame-retardant synergist, 15 - 30 parts of toughening agent, and 1 - 3 parts of transparent synergist;

[0005] The composite flame retardant is Dow Corning DC-8008 and transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X;

[0006] The transparent synergist is N-methyldiethanolamine.

[0007] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the mass ratio of Dow Corning DC-8008 to the transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X is 4:1 to 1:4.

[0008] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the flame-retardant synergist is selected from at least one of diphenyl isopropyl phenyl phosphate, antimony trioxide, or diphenyl isodecyl phosphate.

[0009] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the toughening agent is selected from at least one of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene block copolymer, and methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer.

[0010] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the light transmittance of the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material is 90-95%, the flame-retardant grade reaches UL94@1.6-3.2mm V-1 level or above, the flexural strength is not less than 60 MPa, and the impact strength is not less than 15 kJ / m 2 。

[0011] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the preparation raw materials further include: a nucleating agent, an antioxidant, a lubricant, a compatibilizer, and a dispersant.

[0012] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the nucleating agent is a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.

[0013] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the antioxidant is dilauryl thiodipropionate.

[0014] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate.

[0015] Further, in the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material provided by the present invention, the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride, and the dispersant is ethylene bisstearamide.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0017] The present invention solves the technical problem that the light transmittance decreases when improving the flame retardancy and toughness of a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material by adding a specific flame retardant combination (Dow Corning DC-8008 and transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X) and a transparent synergist (N-methyldiethanolamine). The prepared composite material has a light transmittance as high as 90-95%, and at the same time maintains good flame retardant properties (the flame retardant grade reaches UL94@1.6-3.2mm V-1 or above). The composite material of the present invention not only has high transparency and flame retardancy, but also exhibits good mechanical properties. Its flexural strength is not less than 60 MPa, and the impact strength is not less than 15 kJ / m 2 , meeting the requirements for material strength and toughness in many application fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a physical diagram of the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material prepared by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The experimental methods and detection methods described in each embodiment are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. The %, unless otherwise specified, in the following embodiments are all mass percentages. The ratios in the following embodiments are all mass ratios unless otherwise specified.

[0021] The sources of the raw materials used in the following embodiments are:

[0022] Transparent ABS resin, brand: CHIMEI, model: ABSPA-709H;

[0023] Transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X, purchased from Guangdong Dingxin Polymer Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0024] Compatibilizer maleic anhydride, model: FR-100A, purchased from Dongguan Xingyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0025] PREPARATION EXAMPLE

[0026] This preparation example provides the preparation of a highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material.

[0027] By mass, take the preparation raw materials: 100 parts of transparent ABS resin, 20 - 40 parts of composite flame retardant, 1 - 5 parts of diphenyl isopropyl phenyl phosphate, 15 - 30 parts of toughening agent, 1 - 3 parts of N - methyldiethanolamine, 3 - 6 parts of styrene - butadiene - styrene block copolymer (SBS), 1 - 5 parts of dilauryl thiodipropionate (DLTP), 1 - 3 parts of pentaerythritol stearate (PETS), 5 - 10 parts of maleic anhydride (MA), 0.4 - 0.8 parts of ethylene bisstearamide (EBS).

[0028] Prepare the composite flame retardant, and the mass ratio of Dow Corning DC - 8008 to transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK - 2025X is 4:1 - 1:4.

[0029] Prepare the toughening agent, selected from at least one of styrene - isoprene - styrene block copolymer (SIS), styrene - ethylene - butene - styrene block copolymer (SEBS), and methyl methacrylate - butadiene - styrene terpolymer (MBS).

[0030] Weigh the above - mentioned preparation raw materials according to the ratio, put the components into a high - speed mixer and mix for 30 min to obtain a uniform mixture, and extrude and pelletize the mixture through a three - stage series single - screw extruder to prepare a highly transparent flame - retardant ABS composite material.

[0031] Examples 1 - 4 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4 are as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Perform performance tests on the highly transparent flame - retardant ABS composite materials of the above Examples 1 - 4 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4, and the results are shown in the following table.

[0034]

[0035] For the above tests, the test method for light transmittance refers to "Determination of Light Transmittance and Haze of Transparent Plastics (GB / T 2410 - 2008)", the test method for flame - retardant grade refers to the UL94 American standard, the test method for flexural strength refers to "GBT9341 - 2000 - Test Method for Plastics Flexural Properties", and the test method for impact strength refers to GB / T1843—1996 "Test Method for Izod Impact of Rigid Plastics".

[0036] From the above test results, it can be seen that the present invention uses N - methyldiethanolamine combined with a composite flame retardant with a specific composition, and synergistically achieves a light transmittance of 90 - 95% for the highly transparent flame - retardant ABS composite material, a flame - retardant grade reaching UL94@1.6 - 3.2mm V - 1 level or above, a flexural strength not less than 60 MPa, and an impact strength not less than 15 kJ / m 2The product requirements solve well the technical problem that for high-transparency flame-retardant ABS composites, due to their low material properties, toughening agents must be added to improve their toughness, resulting in a decrease in their light transmittance. Other amine compounds, single flame retardants, or composite flame retardants replacing the combination of other non-Dow Corning DC-8008 and transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X cannot simultaneously meet the technical requirements in terms of light transmittance, flexural strength, and impact strength.

[0037] As described above, the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are preferably described. The above embodiments and the description are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material include, by weight: 100 parts of transparent ABS resin, 20-40 parts of composite flame retardant, 1-5 parts of flame retardant synergist, 15-30 parts of toughening agent and 1-3 parts of transparent synergist; The composite flame retardant is Dow Corning DC-8008 and transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X; The transparent synergist is N-methyldiethanolamine.

2. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Dow Corning DC-8008 to the transparent polycarbonate flame retardant FK-2025X is 4:1 to 1:

4.

3. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant synergist is selected from at least one of diphenyl isopropyl phosphate, antimony trioxide or diphenyl isopropyl phosphate.

4. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toughening agent is selected from at least one of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer and methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer.

5. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material has a light transmittance of 90-95%, a flame retardant grade of UL94@1.6-3.2mmV-1 or above, a bending strength of not less than 60MPa, and an impact strength of not less than 15kJ / m 2 .

6. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the high-transparency flame-retardant ABS composite material further include, by weight: 3 to 6 parts of a nucleating agent, 1 to 5 parts of an antioxidant, 1 to 3 parts of a lubricant, 5 to 10 parts of a compatibilizer, and 0.4 to 0.8 parts of a dispersant.

7. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nucleating agent is styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.

8. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antioxidant is dilauryl thiodipropionate.

9. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate.

10. The highly transparent flame-retardant ABS composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride, and the dispersant is ethylene bisstearamide.

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