Surveying and mapping system based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle platform which dynamically adjusts the working mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to a preset surveying and mapping task demand or real-time environment information; the dynamic path planning module is used for automatically generating an optimal flight path according to requirements; the positioning and navigation module is used for realizing centimeter-level precision real-time positioning; the data fusion module is used for carrying out fusion processing on data from different sensors and eliminating errors and redundancy among the data; the cloud data processing platform is used for receiving the surveying and mapping data uploaded by the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and realizing real-time visual display of the surveying and mapping data; and the intelligent analysis module is used for automatically classifying and identifying the surveying and mapping data by utilizing a machine learning technology, and constructing a high-precision three-dimensional model at the same time. According to the surveying and mapping system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the invention, efficient and accurate surveying and mapping operation is realized by integrating technologies of high-precision positioning and navigation, multi-source data fusion, cloud data processing, intelligent analysis and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping technology, and in particular to a surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Traditional surveying and mapping methods often rely on ground measurements or fixed-wing aircraft aerial photography. These methods have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and limited data accuracy. With the rapid development of drone technology, drone surveying and mapping has gradually become a new solution, but the existing drone surveying and mapping methods still have many shortcomings, such as fixed flight paths, single data collection, and complex data processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a surveying and mapping system based on unmanned aerial vehicles, which realizes efficient and accurate surveying and mapping operations by integrating high-precision positioning and navigation, multi-source data fusion, cloud data processing, intelligent analysis and other technologies. At the same time, through functions such as energy management and privacy protection, the system's usability, security and efficiency are improved, providing strong technical support for urban planning, disaster assessment and other fields.

[0004] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:

[0005] The UAV platform dynamically adjusts its working mode according to the preset mapping task requirements or real-time environmental information;

[0006] Dynamic path planning module, which automatically generates the optimal flight path based on terrain features, obstacle distribution, weather conditions and mapping task requirements, and has the ability to adjust the flight path in real time to avoid obstacles or optimize mapping coverage;

[0007] The positioning and navigation module combines the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and the inertial navigation system (INS) to achieve real-time positioning with centimeter-level accuracy, ensuring the spatial accuracy of surveying and mapping data;

[0008] The data fusion module fuses the data from different sensors to eliminate errors and redundancies between data and generate coherent and consistent surveying and mapping results;

[0009] The cloud data processing platform has the ability to receive the surveying and mapping data uploaded by the drone in real time, use high-performance computing capabilities to quickly process and analyze it, and provide a Web or mobile application interface to achieve real-time visualization of surveying and mapping data and preliminary feedback on results;

[0010] Intelligent analysis module, which uses machine learning technology to automatically classify and identify surveying and mapping data, such as vegetation types, buildings, water bodies, etc., while building high-precision three-dimensional models and monitoring surface changes through time series analysis, providing a scientific basis for urban planning, disaster assessment, etc.;

[0011] Furthermore, the UAV platform includes:

[0012] A visible light camera to capture standard visual images of the Earth's surface;

[0013] infrared sensors, which detect differences in thermal radiation from the ground surface;

[0014] LiDAR is used to measure the elevation data of the earth's surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the dynamic path planning module also includes a weather forecasting module for predicting weather changes in the future so as to further optimize the flight path and mapping plan.

[0016] Furthermore, the cloud data processing platform also includes a data quality control module for detecting and processing outliers and noise in surveying and mapping data to ensure data quality.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis module also includes a surface change monitoring module, which automatically detects surface changes, such as building expansion, vegetation coverage changes, etc., based on historical surveying and mapping data and real-time surveying and mapping data, and generates a change report.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a user interaction interface, where users can easily configure surveying and mapping task parameters, including but not limited to surveying area, flight altitude, sensor working mode, data sampling rate, etc. It can also display key information such as drone flight status, surveying progress, and remaining power in real time.

[0019] Furthermore, the system also includes an energy management module, which monitors the power consumption and remaining power of the drone in real time, automatically calculates and adjusts the flight speed and mapping strategy according to the progress of the mapping task and the remaining power to ensure the continuity and integrity of the mapping operation, and automatically plans and executes a route back to the take-off point or a preset safe landing point when the power is low, to avoid the loss of the drone due to exhaustion of power.

[0020] Furthermore, the system also supports collaborative operations of multiple drones, and through a central control station or a cloud platform, multiple drones can be simultaneously dispatched and controlled for collaborative mapping.

[0021] Furthermore, the system also includes a privacy protection module to protect the security of surveying and mapping data during transmission and storage, prevent data leakage or illegal access, provide user identity authentication and data access permission management functions, and ensure that only authorized users can access and process surveying and mapping data.

[0022] Furthermore, the system also includes an environmental adaptability enhancement module. The UAV platform adopts a reinforced design. The system can automatically adjust the flight altitude, speed and sensor working mode to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the quality of surveying and mapping data.

[0023] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention improves the flexibility and adaptability of the UAV mapping system through a multi-dimensional dynamic adaptive design, and can efficiently and accurately complete mapping tasks in various complex environments;

[0025] 2. Through the positioning and navigation module and the data fusion module, the high accuracy and consistency of surveying and mapping data are achieved, and the reliability of surveying and mapping results is improved;

[0026] 3. Through intelligent analysis modules and cloud data processing platforms, rapid processing and analysis of surveying and mapping data are achieved, providing rich surveying and mapping results and scientific basis;

[0027] 4. Through the user interaction interface and energy management module, the usability and safety of the system are improved, ensuring the continuity and integrity of surveying and mapping operations;

[0028] 5. Through multi-UAV collaborative operation and privacy protection modules, the system's mapping efficiency and data security are further improved.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following specifically cites a preferred embodiment and describes it in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the workflow of a UAV-based surveying and mapping system according to this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below based on specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like used herein to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0033] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the UAV platform in the present invention is a core component of the surveying and mapping system, and its design and function directly determine the execution efficiency and data quality of the surveying and mapping tasks. The UAV platform adopts an advanced flight control system, which can dynamically adjust its working mode according to the preset surveying and mapping task requirements or real-time environmental information (such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, etc.), including but not limited to flight altitude, speed, heading and other parameters, and the UAV platform is equipped with a variety of sensors, including visible light cameras, infrared sensors and lidars. Among them, the visible light camera is used to capture the standard visual image of the surface and provide rich surface texture and color information; the infrared sensor uses the difference in thermal radiation of objects to detect the temperature distribution of the surface, which is of great significance for monitoring fires, vegetation health, etc.; the lidar accurately measures the elevation data of the surface by emitting a laser beam and measuring the time it takes to reflect back, providing basic data for building a high-precision three-dimensional model.

[0035] The dynamic path planning module is the key to ensure that the UAV can complete the mapping task efficiently and safely. The module first uses advanced algorithms to automatically generate the optimal flight path based on terrain features, obstacle distribution, weather conditions and mapping task requirements. During the flight, the module will continuously receive real-time environmental information uploaded by the UAV and dynamically adjust the flight path based on this information to avoid sudden obstacles or optimize mapping coverage. In addition, the dynamic path planning module also includes a weather forecast module to predict weather changes in the future. This helps to plan the flight path in advance and avoid the impact of bad weather on mapping tasks. It also helps to optimize flight speed, altitude and other parameters to save energy and improve mapping efficiency.

[0036] The positioning and navigation module combines the advantages of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and the inertial navigation system (INS) to achieve real-time positioning with centimeter-level accuracy. The GNSS system provides precise location information worldwide, while the INS system uses sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes to measure the acceleration and angular velocity of the drone, thereby calculating the real-time position and attitude of the drone. The combination of the two can greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0037] The data fusion module is responsible for fusing data from different sensors. Since different sensors differ in measurement principles, accuracy, coverage, etc., these data need to be preprocessed and calibrated to eliminate errors and redundancy between data. Through fusion processing, coherent and consistent surveying and mapping results can be generated, improving the reliability and practicality of the data.

[0038] The cloud data processing platform is the data processing and analysis center of the surveying and mapping system. The platform has the ability to receive surveying and mapping data uploaded by drones in real time, and use high-performance computing capabilities to quickly process and analyze. The cloud data processing platform provides a wealth of data processing and analysis algorithms, including image processing, data filtering, 3D modeling, etc., to meet the needs of different surveying and mapping tasks. In addition, the cloud data processing platform also provides a Web or mobile application interface, which allows users to view the real-time visualization of surveying and mapping data and preliminary feedback at any time, which helps users to understand the progress of surveying and mapping tasks in a timely manner and evaluate and adjust surveying and mapping results.

[0039] The intelligent analysis module uses machine learning technology to automatically classify and identify surveying and mapping data. By training the machine learning model, it can automatically identify surface cover (such as vegetation, buildings, water bodies, etc.) and extract useful information. In addition, the intelligent analysis module can also build a high-precision three-dimensional model and monitor surface changes through time series analysis. This helps to provide more scientific decision-making basis in areas such as urban planning and disaster assessment.

[0040] The user interface is a bridge for interaction between the user and the surveying and mapping system. Through this interface, the user can easily configure the surveying and mapping task parameters, including the surveying and mapping area, flight altitude, sensor working mode, data sampling rate, etc. At the same time, the interface can also display key information such as the UAV flight status, surveying and mapping progress, and remaining power in real time, helping users to keep track of the progress of the surveying and mapping task at any time.

[0041] The energy management module is responsible for monitoring the power consumption and remaining power of the drone, and automatically calculates and adjusts the flight speed and mapping strategy according to the progress of the mapping task and the remaining power. When the power is low, the module automatically plans and executes a route back to the take-off point or a preset safe landing point to avoid the drone being lost due to power exhaustion. This helps ensure the continuity and integrity of the mapping operation.

[0042] The present invention also supports the collaborative operation of multiple drones. Through a central control station or a cloud platform, multiple drones can be simultaneously dispatched and controlled for collaborative surveying and mapping, greatly improving the surveying and mapping efficiency. Especially in large-area surveying and mapping tasks, the collaborative operation of multiple drones can also achieve data complementarity and redundant backup, thereby improving data reliability and security.

[0043] The privacy protection module is an important guarantee for ensuring the security of surveying and mapping data during transmission and storage. The module uses advanced encryption technology and data access permission management functions to ensure that only authorized users can access and process surveying and mapping data. This helps protect user privacy and data security and prevent data leakage or illegal access.

[0044] The environmental adaptability enhancement module is designed to improve the adaptability of the UAV platform in complex environments. By adopting reinforced design and automatic adjustment of flight altitude, speed and sensor working mode, it can reduce the impact of environmental factors (such as strong winds, heavy rains, high temperatures, etc.) on the quality of surveying and mapping data, and help ensure the smooth progress of surveying and mapping tasks in different environments and the accuracy of data.

[0045] In order to more specifically illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, an example is provided below:

[0046] First, according to the surveying and mapping needs, determine the surveying and mapping area, accuracy requirements, surveying and mapping data type (such as topographic maps, three-dimensional models, vegetation coverage, etc.) and task priority. Use the dynamic path planning module to automatically generate the optimal flight path based on terrain characteristics, obstacle distribution, weather conditions and surveying and mapping task requirements. At the same time, set parameters such as flight altitude, speed, heading, and consider the drone's endurance to ensure that the surveying and mapping task can be completed continuously and efficiently. Then, according to the surveying and mapping task requirements, select and configure the sensors carried by the drone, such as visible light cameras, infrared sensors, lidar, etc., to ensure that the sensors can work normally, and set the appropriate sampling rate and resolution. Before takeoff, a comprehensive inspection of the drone platform is required, including battery power, sensor status, flight control system, etc. At the same time, confirm that the cloud data processing platform, user interaction interface and other systems are in normal working condition.

[0047] After confirming that everything is ready, the drone takes off according to the preset takeoff procedure and gradually rises to the preset flight altitude. The drone flies according to the planned flight path. At the same time, the onboard sensors start working to collect surveying and mapping data in real time. During the flight, the dynamic path planning module will dynamically adjust the flight path according to real-time environmental information (such as wind speed, wind direction, obstacles, etc.) to ensure the safety and efficiency of the surveying and mapping tasks. The collected surveying and mapping data will be transmitted to the cloud data processing platform in real time for preliminary processing and storage. At the same time, the user interaction interface will display key information such as the drone's flight status, surveying and mapping progress, and remaining power in real time.

[0048] The cloud data processing platform pre-processes the received surveying and mapping data, including data cleaning, calibration, and denoising, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. It uses a multi-source data fusion module to fuse data from different sensors to generate coherent and consistent surveying and mapping results. At the same time, it uses an intelligent analysis module to automatically classify and identify surveying and mapping data, build a high-precision three-dimensional model, and extract useful information. According to the requirements of the surveying and mapping task, it conducts in-depth analysis and evaluation of the processed surveying and mapping data, including terrain analysis, vegetation cover analysis, building identification, etc., to provide a scientific basis for decision-making.

[0049] Finally, according to user needs, the processed surveying and mapping data is output in the form of maps, reports, 3D models, etc. At the same time, a Web or mobile application interface is provided to facilitate users to view the real-time visualization display and preliminary results feedback of surveying and mapping results at any time. Surveying and mapping results can be widely used in urban planning, disaster assessment, environmental monitoring and other fields. For example, in urban planning, surveying and mapping data can be used to generate a 3D model of the city to provide a scientific basis for urban planning and design; in disaster assessment, surveying and mapping data can be used to monitor and evaluate the occurrence and impact of disasters, providing strong support for disaster relief and reconstruction.

[0050] After completing the surveying and mapping task, summarize the task execution, including flight path, sensor configuration, data processing, etc. At the same time, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the surveying and mapping results, as well as the efficiency and cost of task execution, collect user feedback on the surveying and mapping results, understand user satisfaction and demand for surveying and mapping data, and optimize and improve the surveying and mapping system based on user feedback to improve system performance and user satisfaction.

[0051] In summary, the beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the present invention realizes efficient and accurate surveying and mapping operations by integrating multiple advanced technologies and functional modules. The system has broad application prospects and huge market potential, and provides strong technical support for urban planning, disaster assessment and other fields.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying and mapping system based on drone, characterized in that: include: The UAV platform dynamically adjusts its working mode according to the preset mapping task requirements or real-time environmental information; Dynamic path planning module, which automatically generates the optimal flight path based on terrain features, obstacle distribution, weather conditions and mapping task requirements, and has the ability to adjust the flight path in real time to avoid obstacles or optimize mapping coverage; The positioning and navigation module combines the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and the inertial navigation system (INS) to achieve real-time positioning with centimeter-level accuracy, ensuring the spatial accuracy of surveying and mapping data; The data fusion module fuses the data from different sensors to eliminate errors and redundancies between data and generate coherent and consistent surveying and mapping results; The cloud data processing platform has the ability to receive the surveying and mapping data uploaded by the drone in real time, use high-performance computing capabilities to quickly process and analyze it, and provide a Web or mobile application interface to achieve real-time visualization of surveying and mapping data and preliminary feedback on results; The intelligent analysis module uses machine learning technology to automatically classify and identify surveying and mapping data, such as vegetation types, buildings, water bodies, etc., while building high-precision three-dimensional models and monitoring surface changes through time series analysis, providing a scientific basis for urban planning, disaster assessment, etc.

2. The drone-based surveying and mapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UAV platform includes: A visible light camera to capture standard visual images of the Earth's surface; infrared sensors, which detect differences in thermal radiation from the ground surface; LiDAR is used to measure the elevation data of the earth's surface.

3. The drone-based surveying and mapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic path planning module also includes a weather forecasting module for predicting weather changes in the future so as to further optimize the flight path and mapping plan.

4. The drone-based surveying and mapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud data processing platform also includes a data quality control module for detecting and processing outliers and noise in surveying and mapping data to ensure data quality.

5. The drone-based surveying and mapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module also includes a surface change monitoring module, which automatically detects surface changes, such as building expansion, vegetation cover changes, etc., based on historical surveying and mapping data and real-time surveying and mapping data, and generates a change report.

6. A surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a user interaction interface, where users can easily configure surveying and mapping task parameters, including but not limited to surveying area, flight altitude, sensor working mode, data sampling rate, etc. It can also display key information such as drone flight status, surveying progress, and remaining power in real time.

7. A surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system also includes an energy management module that monitors the power consumption and remaining power of the drone in real time, automatically calculates and adjusts the flight speed and mapping strategy according to the progress of the mapping task and the remaining power to ensure the continuity and integrity of the mapping operation. When the power is low, the system automatically plans and executes a route back to the take-off point or a preset safe landing point to avoid the loss of the drone due to exhaustion of power.

8. A surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The system also supports multi-UAV collaborative operations, and through a central control station or cloud platform, multiple UAVs can be simultaneously dispatched and controlled for collaborative mapping.

9. A UAV-based surveying and mapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The system also includes a privacy protection module to protect the security of surveying and mapping data during transmission and storage, prevent data leakage or illegal access, provide user identity authentication and data access permission management functions, and ensure that only authorized users can access and process surveying and mapping data.

10. A surveying and mapping system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system also includes an environmental adaptability enhancement module. The UAV platform adopts a reinforced design. The system can automatically adjust the flight altitude, speed and sensor working mode to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the quality of surveying and mapping data.

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