A test method for the load-bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and discloses a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system, comprising the following steps: establishing a shear wall and opening a number of anchor holes in the shear wall; establishing a simulation frame opposite to the shear wall and fixing a metal mesh to be tested on the simulation frame; installing an anchor rod to be fixedly connected with the metal mesh and applying a pre-tightening force; arranging a loading device between the shear wall and the simulation frame to apply an external force to the metal mesh; recording the loading force and the deformation state of the metal mesh until the metal mesh reaches its limit; readjusting the test parameters and repeating the application of the external force to the metal mesh, and recording the bearing capacity of the metal mesh. The test method of the present invention may aim to evaluate the bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of the metal mesh in the anchor mesh support in tunnel engineering. By simulating the disturbing force after tunnel excavation, the performance of the metal mesh in actual engineering can be predicted, so as to optimize the design or construction method, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a method for testing bearing characteristics of a point-line-surface tunnel surrounding rock stability control system. Background Art

[0002] Anchor-net support is the main form of tunnel support and plays an important role in ensuring the stability of tunnel surrounding rock. Metal mesh is an important component of anchor-net support. In addition to preventing the collapse and spalling of surrounding rock, it also transfers the loose surrounding rock pressure between anchor rods to the surrounding area, so that the anchor-net support structure is evenly stressed. Therefore, the stability study of metal mesh is crucial to achieve good surrounding rock control effect and reduce support cost.

[0003] At present, the design and construction of anchor nets mostly rely on the accumulation of practical experience and limited test data, rather than on comprehensive and systematic scientific theoretical support. In particular, there is a significant gap in the in-depth understanding of the performance degradation mechanism, load transfer law and structural durability of metal mesh materials in anchor net support under complex stress environments; this situation leads to huge challenges in selecting appropriate support parameters such as metal mesh specifications, mesh size, material strength and welding quality, which not only affects the safety and stability of the support structure, but also restricts the optimization of the support plan and the effective control of costs.

[0004] Therefore, the present application designs a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-surface tunnel surrounding rock stability control system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-surface tunnel surrounding rock stability control system to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to evaluate the bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of a metal mesh supported by an anchor mesh in a tunnel project under stress.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-surface tunnel surrounding rock stability control system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Establish a shear wall at the selected location, and open a number of anchor holes arranged at equal intervals on the shear wall;

[0008] A simulation frame is established at a selected position opposite to the shear wall, a metal mesh to be tested is fixed on the simulation frame and a pre-tightening force is applied to the metal mesh, and the metal mesh is set corresponding to the shear wall;

[0009] Select a number of anchor holes to install anchor rods, and the anchor rods extend toward the metal mesh and are fixedly connected to the metal mesh;

[0010] A loading device is arranged between the shear wall and the simulation frame, and an external force is applied to the metal mesh through the loading device to simulate the acting force of tunnel disturbance on the metal mesh;

[0011] During the loading process, the loading force and the deformation state of the metal mesh are recorded until the metal mesh reaches its limit;

[0012] The test parameters are readjusted, the external force is repeatedly applied to the metal mesh, and the bearing capacity of the metal mesh is recorded.

[0013] Preferably, the readjustment of the test parameters includes the fixing position of the anchor rod and the metal mesh, the number of anchor rods, the pre-tightening force of the anchor rods, the angle of the anchor rods, and the loading position of the loading device on the metal mesh.

[0014] Preferably, the simulation frame includes a base fixed on the ground, a metal frame is fixedly connected to the base, the metal mesh is embedded in the metal frame, and the edge of the metal mesh is locked with the metal frame through a locking assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a guiding groove opened on the metal frame, a through groove corresponding to the metal mesh is opened at the bottom end of the guiding groove, the edge of the metal mesh passes through the through groove and extends into the guiding groove, a locking block is slidably connected in the guiding groove, and the locking block is locked and fixed at the edge of the metal mesh.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of elevation seats are fixedly connected to the top end of the base, and the top end of the elevation seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal frame.

[0017] Preferably, the loading device includes a loading seat arranged between the shear wall and the base, a lifting block is arranged on the loading seat in a lifting manner, a sliding seat is slidably arranged in the lifting block, the sliding seat extends out of the lifting block and is provided with a mounting seat, a loading hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the mounting seat, and the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder faces the metal mesh.

[0018] Preferably, an adjusting seat is arranged on the mounting seat, a rotating seat is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat, a pitching seat with an adjustable pitching angle is hinged to the top end of the rotating seat, and the loading hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the pitching seat.

[0019] Preferably, a sliding groove adapted to the sliding seat is opened on the lifting block, an adjusting screw rod is rotatably connected in the sliding groove, the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the sliding seat, and any end of the adjusting screw rod extends out of the lifting block and is in transmission connection with an adjusting motor.

[0020] Preferably, the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected with a loading head, and the metal mesh is loaded through the loading head.

[0021] Preferably, a fixing plate is provided through the metal mesh after the anchor bolt passes through it, and a pre-tightening nut is threadedly connected to the end of the anchor bolt, and the pre-tightening nut presses the fixing plate against the side of the metal mesh away from the shear wall.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: The present invention discloses a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system. This method involves a testing means for simulating the stability of tunnel surrounding rock in a laboratory environment. During specific tests, a shear wall with stable structure is established at a selected position as the reaction force part for simulating the tunnel surrounding rock. A number of equally spaced anchoring holes are opened on the wall for installing anchor bolts to provide the basis for simulating anchoring. At the same time, the arrangement of the anchoring holes can flexibly adjust the number and arrangement position of the anchor bolts to simulate different tunnel support methods. A simulation frame is established opposite the shear wall for fixing the metal mesh to be tested. The metal mesh needs to be set corresponding to the shear wall to ensure the effectiveness of the test. The metal mesh can be selected in a whole-piece form or a spliced form to simulate different support positions. Some of the anchoring holes are selected to install anchor bolts. These anchor bolts pass through the shear wall and are fixed to the metal mesh, and then a pre-tightening force is applied to the metal mesh through the anchor bolts to simulate the fastening state in actual engineering. A loading device is installed between the shear wall and the simulation frame to apply cyclic disturbance loads to the metal mesh to simulate the disturbance forces after tunnel excavation. An external force is applied to the metal mesh through the loading device, and the loading force and the deformation state of the metal mesh during the loading process are recorded. The test continues until the metal mesh reaches the limit state, and then the support capacity of the anchor mesh support can be tested. After one test, a new metal mesh is replaced, and then according to needs, the test parameters are readjusted, such as the spacing of the anchor bolts, the pre-tightening force on the metal mesh and the anchor bolts, the loading method, the connection and lapping form of the metal mesh, etc., and the above loading process is repeated to record the bearing capacity of the metal mesh under different conditions, so as to understand the bearing capacity of the anchor mesh support under different anchoring methods and stress forms, and different engineering conditions and geological situations can be simulated, providing strong data support for tunnel design and construction.

[0023] The test method of the present invention aims to evaluate the bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of the metal mesh of the anchor mesh support in the stress state in tunnel engineering. By simulating the disturbance forces after tunnel excavation, the performance of the metal mesh in actual engineering can be predicted, so as to optimize the design or construction method, and has a wide application prospect. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation to this application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the locking component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the loading hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the lifting block of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1, shear wall; 2, simulation frame; 3, metal mesh; 4, loading device; 11, anchoring hole; 12, anchor bolt; 13, fixing plate; 14, pre-tightening nut; 21, base; 22, metal frame; 23, locking component; 24, guiding groove; 25, through groove; 26, locking block; 27, elevation seat; 31, metal wire; 41, loading seat; 42, lifting block; 43, sliding seat; 44, mounting seat; 45, loading hydraulic cylinder; 46, adjusting seat; 47, rotating seat; 48, pitching seat; 49, sliding groove; 410, adjusting screw; 411, adjusting motor; 412, loading head. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1 - 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for testing the bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system, including the following steps:

[0033] Build a shear wall 1 at the selected position, and open a number of equally spaced anchoring holes 11 on the shear wall 1;

[0034] Build a simulation frame 2 opposite to the shear wall 1 at the selected position, fix the metal mesh 3 to be tested on the simulation frame 2 and apply a pre-tightening force to the metal mesh 3, and the metal mesh 3 is arranged corresponding to the shear wall 1;

[0035] Select a number of anchoring holes 11 to install anchor bolts 12, and the anchor bolts 12 extend towards the metal mesh 3 and are fixedly connected to the metal mesh 3;

[0036] Set a loading device 4 between the shear wall 1 and the simulation frame 2, and apply an external force to the metal mesh 3 through the loading device 4 to simulate the acting force of tunnel disturbance on the metal mesh 3;

[0037] During the loading process, record the loading force and the deformation state of the wire mesh 3 until the wire mesh 3 reaches its limit.

[0038] Readjust the test parameters, repeat applying an external force to the wire mesh 3, and record the bearing capacity of the wire mesh 3.

[0039] The present invention discloses a test method for the bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system. This method involves a test means for simulating the stability of tunnel surrounding rock in a laboratory environment. During specific tests, a shear wall 1 with stable structure is established at a selected position as the reaction force part for simulating the tunnel surrounding rock. A number of equally spaced anchoring holes 11 are opened on the wall for installing anchor bolts 12 to provide the basis for simulating anchoring. At the same time, the arrangement of the anchoring holes 11 can flexibly adjust the number and arrangement positions of the anchor bolts 12 to simulate different tunnel support methods. A simulation frame 2 is established opposite the shear wall 1 for fixing the wire mesh 3 to be tested. The wire mesh 3 needs to be set corresponding to the shear wall 1 to ensure the effectiveness of the test. The wire mesh 3 can be selected in a whole-piece form or a spliced form to simulate different support positions. Select some of the anchoring holes 11 to install anchor bolts 12. These anchor bolts 12 pass through the shear wall 1 and are fixed to the wire mesh 3, and then a pre-tightening force is applied to the wire mesh 3 through the anchor bolts 12 to simulate the fastening state in actual projects. A loading device 4 is installed between the shear wall 1 and the simulation frame 2 for applying an external force to the wire mesh 3 to simulate the disturbance force after tunnel excavation. A cyclic disturbance load is applied to the wire mesh 3 through the loading device 4, and the loading force and the deformation state of the wire mesh 3 during the loading process are recorded. The test continues until the wire mesh 3 reaches its limit state, and then the support capacity of the anchor mesh support can be tested. After one test, replace the new wire mesh 3, and then, according to needs, readjust the test parameters, such as the spacing of the anchor bolts 12, the pre-tightening force magnitudes on the wire mesh 3 and the anchor bolts 12, the loading method, the connection and lapping forms of the wire mesh 3, etc., and repeat the above loading process to record the bearing capacity of the wire mesh 3 under different conditions, so as to understand the bearing capacity of the anchor mesh support under different anchoring methods and stress forms. Different engineering conditions and geological situations can be simulated, providing strong data support for tunnel design and construction. The test method of the present invention aims to evaluate the bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of the wire mesh 3 of the anchor mesh support in a stressed state in tunnel engineering. By simulating the disturbance force after tunnel excavation, the performance of the wire mesh 3 in actual projects can be predicted, thereby optimizing the design or construction method, and having a wide range of application prospects.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present application, a number of resistance strain gauges are attached to the wire mesh 3, which can collect the strain data of the wire mesh 3 for a digital resistance strain gauge, analyze the mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of the wire mesh 3, and record the changes of the wire mesh 3 in a digitalized manner.

[0041] For the further optimization plan, the test parameters to be readjusted include the fixing position of the bolt 12 and the wire mesh 3, the number of bolts 12, the pre-tightening force of the bolts 12, the angle of the bolts 12, and the loading position of the wire mesh 3 by the loading device 4. The test parameters to be adjusted include, but are not limited to, the fixing position of the bolt 12 and the wire mesh 3, the number of bolts 12, the pre-tightening force, the angle, and the loading position, the connection forms and methods of different wire meshes 3. The above parameters can be adjusted individually according to the test design, or multiple parameters can be adjusted for coupling effect, which provides a specific direction for adjusting the test parameters, helps to more comprehensively evaluate the bearing characteristics of the wire mesh 3, enhances the flexibility and accuracy of the test, and accurately simulates the characteristics of the bolt-mesh support form in the tunnel.

[0042] For the further optimization plan, the simulation frame 2 includes a base 21 fixed on the ground. A metal frame 22 is fixedly connected to the base 21. The wire mesh 3 is embedded in the metal frame 22, and the edge of the wire mesh 3 is locked with the metal frame 22 through a locking assembly 23. The simulation frame 2 is composed of parts such as the base 21, the metal frame 22, and the locking assembly 23. The base 21 is fixed to the ground of the test site by bolts or other forms, which can ensure that the simulation frame 2 does not shake and displace during the test, provides a reliable support structure for the fixation of the wire mesh 3, does not affect the study of the deformation of the wire mesh 3, and is stable in design and easy to operate, which helps to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0043] For the further optimization plan, the locking assembly 23 includes a guide groove 24 opened on the metal frame 22. A through groove 25 corresponding to the wire mesh 3 is opened at the bottom end of the guide groove 24. The edge of the wire mesh 3 passes through the through groove 25 and extends into the guide groove 24. A locking block 26 is slidably connected in the guide groove 24, and the locking block 26 is locked and fixed on the edge of the wire mesh 3. Refer to the attached Figure 2 As shown, the locking assembly 23 is composed of a guide groove 24, a through groove 25, and a locking block 26. When installing the wire mesh 3, the metal wire 31 at the edge of the wire mesh 3 passes through the through groove 25 and extends into the guide groove 24. Then, the position of the locking block 26 in the guide groove 24 is adjusted so that the locking block 26 locks the metal wire 31, and thus the four sides of the wire mesh 3 are fixed in the metal frame 22, making the fixation of the wire mesh 3 more firm, and it is convenient to replace the new wire mesh 3 after one test; at the same time, the setting of the locking block 26 can flexibly adjust the tension of the wire mesh 3, which is flexible and convenient, can simulate different bolt-mesh support strengths, and has a wider range of applications.

[0044] For a further optimized solution, a number of elevation seats 27 are fixedly connected to the top end of the base 21, and the top end of the elevation seat 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal frame 22. The elevation seats 27 fixedly connected to the base 21 are used to support the metal frame 22, making the height of the simulation frame 2 adjustable, which helps to adapt to different test requirements and enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the simulation frame 2; at the same time, the metal frame 22 is elevated, so that the metal net 3 can be conveniently locked by the locking block 26 below the metal frame 22.

[0045] For a further optimized solution, the loading device 4 includes a loading seat 41 arranged between the shear wall 1 and the base 21. A lifting block 42 is arranged on the loading seat 41 in a lifting manner. A sliding seat 43 is slidably arranged in the lifting block 42. The sliding seat 43 extends out of the lifting block 42 and is provided with a mounting seat 44. A loading hydraulic cylinder 45 is mounted on the mounting seat 44, and the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 faces the metal net 3. The loading device 4 includes the loading seat 41, the lifting block 42, the sliding seat 43, the mounting seat 44 and the loading hydraulic cylinder 45. During use, the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 loads the metal net 3; the loading seat 41 is fixed to the ground between the shear wall 1 and the base 21 by bolts, which can ensure the stability of the loading device 4, making the loading process controllable and helping to accurately evaluate the bearing characteristics of the metal net 3; the settings of the lifting block 42 and the sliding seat 43 enable the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 to move flexibly on the plane opposite to the metal net 3, so as to load different positions of the metal net 3 by the loading hydraulic cylinder 45, and thus different tunnel disturbances on the metal net 3 can be simulated.

[0046] For a further optimized solution, an adjusting seat 46 is arranged on the mounting seat 44. A rotating seat 47 is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat 46. The top end of the rotating seat 47 is hinged with a pitching seat 48 with an adjustable pitching angle, and the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 is fixedly mounted on the pitching seat 48. There are the rotating seat 47 and the pitching seat 48 between the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 and the adjusting seat 46. The rotating seat 47 can drive the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 to rotate, while the pitching seat 48 can adjust the pitching angle of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45. The combination of the rotating seat 47 and the pitching seat 48 is used to adjust the position and angle of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45, and further adjust the loading angle, making the loading process more flexible, being able to simulate disturbing forces in different directions, and enhancing the simulation ability and accuracy of the test.

[0047] For a further optimized solution, a sliding groove 49 adapted to the sliding seat 43 is formed on the lifting block 42. A regulating screw rod 410 is rotatably connected in the sliding groove 49. The regulating screw rod 410 is threadedly connected to the sliding seat 43. Any end of the regulating screw rod 410 extends out of the lifting block 42 and is drivingly connected to a regulating motor 411. The regulating motor 411 drives the regulating screw rod 410 to rotate, and then can drive the sliding seat 43 to slide and translate in the sliding groove 49, thereby adjusting the position of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45, enabling the position of the loading point to be adjustable to load different positions of the wire mesh 3. Combined with the settings of the rotating seat 47 and the pitching seat 48, the loading angle of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 can be made more flexible, which helps to more comprehensively evaluate the bearing characteristics of the wire mesh 3 and improves the flexibility and accuracy of the loading device 4.

[0048] For a further optimized solution, the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 is detachably connected with a loading head 412, and the wire mesh 3 is loaded through the loading head 412. The loading head 412 detachably connected to the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder 45 is used to load the wire mesh 3, making the loading process more flexible, capable of adapting to different loading requirements, simulating the loading point form of the wire mesh 3 during tunnel disturbance, and enhancing the applicability and operability of the loading device 4.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, the setting of the loading head 412 can be replaced according to the loading requirements to simulate different loading requirements and enable it to simulate different rock mass forms.

[0050] For a further optimized solution, an anchor rod 12 passes through the wire mesh 3 and then passes through a fixing plate 13. A pre-tightening nut 14 is threadedly connected to the end of the anchor rod 12, and the pre-tightening nut 14 presses the fixing plate 13 against the side of the wire mesh 3 away from the shear wall 1. The size of the fixing plate 13 is larger than the mesh size of the wire mesh 3, enabling the fixing plate 13 to fix the wire mesh 3 and the anchor rod 12 together through the pre-tightening nut 14, facilitating the fixing of the wire mesh 3 by the anchor rod 12 and simulating the anchoring of the anchor mesh support to the tunnel structure; at the same time, the pre-tightening force of the wire mesh 3 can be loaded through the pre-tightening nut 14, making the fixing of the anchor rod 12 more firm and the pre-tightening force easier to adjust, improving the stability and reliability of the anchor rod 12 in the test.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test method for the bearing characteristics of a point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Build a shear wall (1) at a selected position, and open a number of equally spaced anchoring holes (11) on the shear wall (1); Build a simulation box (2) opposite to the shear wall (1) at a selected position, fix the metal mesh (3) to be tested on the simulation box (2) and apply a pre-tightening force to the metal mesh (3), and the metal mesh (3) is arranged corresponding to the shear wall (1); Select a number of anchoring holes (11) to install anchor bolts (12), and the anchor bolts (12) extend towards the metal mesh (3) and are fixedly connected to the metal mesh (3); Set a loading device (4) between the shear wall (1) and the simulation box (2), and apply an external force to the metal mesh (3) through the loading device (4) to simulate the acting force of tunnel disturbance on the metal mesh (3); During the loading process, record the loading force and the deformation state of the metal mesh (3) until the metal mesh (3) reaches its limit; Readjust the test parameters, repeat applying an external force to the metal mesh (3), and record the bearing capacity of the metal mesh (3); The simulation box (2) includes a base (21) fixed on the ground, a metal frame (22) is fixedly connected to the base (21), the metal mesh (3) is embedded in the metal frame (22), and the edge of the metal mesh (3) is locked with the metal frame (22) through a locking assembly (23); The loading device (4) includes a loading seat (41) arranged between the shear wall (1) and the base (21), a lifting block (42) is arranged to move up and down on the loading seat (41), a sliding seat (43) is slidably arranged in the lifting block (42), the sliding seat (43) extends out of the lifting block (42) and is provided with a mounting seat (44), and a loading hydraulic cylinder (45) is installed on the mounting seat (44), and the output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder (45) faces the metal mesh (3); A regulating seat (46) is arranged on the mounting seat (44), a rotating seat (47) is rotatably connected to the regulating seat (46), the top end of the rotating seat (47) is hinged with a pitching seat (48) with an adjustable pitching angle, and the loading hydraulic cylinder (45) is fixedly installed on the pitching seat (48); 2. The load-bearing characteristic test method of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, wherein: Readjusting the test parameters includes the fixing position of the anchor bolt (12) and the metal mesh (3), the number of anchor bolts (12), the pre-tightening force of the anchor bolts (12), the angle of the anchor bolts (12), and the loading position of the loading device (4) on the metal mesh (3); 3. The test method for the bearing characteristics of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (23) includes a guiding groove (24) opened on the metal frame (22), a through groove (25) corresponding to the metal mesh (3) is opened through the bottom end of the guiding groove (24), the edge of the metal mesh (3) passes through the through groove (25) and extends into the guiding groove (24), a locking block (26) is slidably connected in the guiding groove (24), and the locking block (26) is locked and fixed on the edge of the metal mesh (3); 4. The test method for the bearing characteristics of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of elevation seats (27) are fixedly connected to the top end of the base (21), and the top end of the elevation seat (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal frame (22).

5. The test method for the bearing characteristics of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, wherein: A sliding groove (49) adapted to the sliding seat (43) is formed in the lifting block (42). An adjusting screw rod (410) is rotatably connected in the sliding groove (49). The adjusting screw rod (410) is threadedly connected to the sliding seat (43). Any end of the adjusting screw rod (410) extends out of the lifting block (42) and is drivingly connected to an adjusting motor (411).

6. The test method for the bearing characteristics of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the loading hydraulic cylinder (45) is detachably connected with a loading head (412). The metal mesh (3) is loaded through the loading head (412).

7. The test method for the bearing characteristics of the point-line-plane tunnel surrounding rock stability control system according to claim 1, wherein: The anchor rod (12) passes through the metal mesh (3) and then passes through a fixing plate (13). A pre-tightening nut (14) is threadedly connected to the end of the anchor rod (12). The pre-tightening nut (14) presses the fixing plate (13) against the side of the metal mesh (3) away from the shear wall (1).

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