Multi-channel fuel cell voltage inspection device, acquisition method and voltage inspection instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-channel fuel cell voltage inspection device, acquisition method and voltage inspection instrument, the device uses the discrete switching device to carry out gating and can increase or decrease the channel of arbitrary number acquisition, compared with special acquisition chip, acquisition precision is higher and cost is greatly reduced;Each gating module shares a multiplexer, a high common-mode differential amplifier and a signal conditioner, so that the error caused by acquisition circuit for all channels is the same, the confidence of acquisition data is also the same, greatly improve reliability, at the same time because of the reduction of acquisition circuit also greatly reduces cost and because of the reduction of using device, reliability is also improved;And because k acquisition buses are used in the application, and k module gating switches and k channel gating switches are opened simultaneously during acquisition, and not only the channel gating switch at both ends of the fuel cell piece is opened, so the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell voltage technology, and more specifically, to a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device, a data acquisition method, and a voltage monitoring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] A multi-channel fuel cell reactor consists of hundreds of cells connected in series. These cells may experience abnormalities during operation, such as short circuits, low voltage, high voltage, or reverse voltage. When these abnormalities occur, the multi-channel fuel cell system needs to be shut down to ensure safety. Therefore, it is necessary to collect the voltage of all individual fuel cells in real time.

[0003] For acquiring the voltage of a single fuel cell, there are currently three acquisition schemes:

[0004] The first method is to use a dedicated acquisition chip for acquisition; the second method is to use discrete devices for acquisition; and the third method is to use an optocoupler as a selection switch for acquisition.

[0005] In the first scheme, each dedicated acquisition chip can only acquire 36 channels, resulting in poor flexibility, low acquisition accuracy, and high cost. In the second scheme, the discrete device scheme, each acquisition module requires a power supply and acquisition circuit, leading to a large number of components, significantly increasing costs, but reducing reliability. At the same time, the errors introduced by different acquisition circuits vary from module to module, and significant differences can occur between different acquisition modules, resulting in low reliability and high cost. In the third scheme, the optocoupler has a long turn-on time with large dispersion, resulting in low overall acquisition reliability and long cycle time.

[0006] It is evident that existing methods for acquiring fuel cell voltage have low reliability, slow acquisition speed, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device, data acquisition method, and voltage monitoring instrument, which can improve reliability, increase data acquisition speed, and reduce cost. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device, comprising:

[0009] At least one gating module is provided, comprising N sets of channel gating switches, k module gating switches, and a control circuit. Each set of channel gating switches includes k channel gating switches that are connected one-to-one with the k module gating switches via k acquisition buses. Each module gating switch and each channel gating switch are communicatively connected to the control circuit. The kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel gating switches are respectively connected to kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell, and a fuel cell plate is connected between every two consecutive channel gating switches. Here, k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 2, and k is not less than 3.

[0010] The output of each channel selection switch of the multiplexer is connected to a different input of the multiplexer through a corresponding module selection switch.

[0011] A high common-mode differential operational amplifier, wherein the output of the multiplexer is connected to the input of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier;

[0012] A signal conditioner, wherein the output of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier is connected to the input of the signal conditioner;

[0013] The microcontroller unit (MCU) is connected to the control circuits of each gating module and the control terminal of the multiplexer. The MCU controls each gating module to sequentially select adjacent pairs of nodes to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell cells by opening k module gating switches and k channel gating switches. The output terminal of the signal conditioner is connected to the MCU to provide feedback on the voltage of the kN-1 fuel cell cells.

[0014] Optionally, the above-mentioned multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device also includes an isolated controller local area network bus CAN communication circuit, through which the MCU is connected to the host computer.

[0015] Optionally, the above-mentioned multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device further includes an isolated power supply circuit. The control circuit of each selection module, the multiplexer, the high common-mode differential operational amplifier, the signal conditioner, and the MCU are all connected to the isolated power supply circuit, which is connected to an external power supply device.

[0016] Optionally, k is 4.

[0017] Optionally, the multiplexer is a dual 2-to-1 multiplexer.

[0018] Optionally, the number of gating modules is two.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method applied to the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device described in any one of the first aspects, applied to the MCU, comprising:

[0020] The first gating module is used as the current gating module. The k module gating switches in the current gating module and the k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches are opened. The multiplexer is controlled to select the two first channels in the first group of channel gating switches that correspond to the first channel gating switch and the second channel gating switch, respectively.

[0021] After saving the first processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the first channel selector switch and the second channel selector switch, the first channel selector switch is turned off, the second channel selector switch is used as the current channel selector switch, and the first channel selector switch in the second group of channel selector switches is used as the target channel selector switch. The first processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the sampled voltages of the two first channels through the high common-mode differential operational amplifier and the signal conditioner in sequence.

[0022] Turn on the target channel selection switch, and set the current channel selection switch and the next channel selection switch of the current channel selection switch as the current selection switch pair, and control the multiplexer to select the two second channels corresponding to the two channel selection switches in the current selection switch pair;

[0023] After saving the second processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the two channel selectors within the current selector switch pair, the current channel selector switch is turned off. The next channel selector switch of the current channel selector switch is used as the current channel selector switch. It is determined whether there are any unactivated channel selectors in the current selector module. The second processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the sampled voltages of the two second channels through the high common-mode differential operational amplifier and the signal conditioner in sequence.

[0024] If there is an unactivated channel selector switch, the next channel selector switch after the target channel selector switch is used as the target channel selector switch, and the process returns to the step of opening the target channel selector switch.

[0025] If there are no unactivated channel selection switches, determine whether the voltages of the fuel cell cells connected to the currently selected module have all been collected;

[0026] If so, determine if there is a next gating module;

[0027] If there is a next gating module, the next gating module is taken as the current gating module, and the process returns to the step of controlling the opening of the k module gating switches in the current gating module and the opening of the k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches;

[0028] If no next gating module exists, the data acquisition is complete.

[0029] Optionally, after the step of determining whether the voltages of all fuel cell cells connected to the currently selected module have been acquired, the above multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method further includes:

[0030] If not, continue to collect the voltage of the fuel cell cell connected to the current gating module until the voltage of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module has been collected, and then execute the step of determining whether there is a next gating module.

[0031] Optionally, the voltage after the first processing is obtained as follows:

[0032] The acquisition voltages of the two first channels are obtained through the multiplexer;

[0033] The first voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the acquired voltages of the two first channels using the high common-mode differential operational amplifier.

[0034] The first voltage difference is conditioned by the signal conditioner to obtain a first conditioned voltage difference, and the first conditioned voltage difference is used as the first processed voltage.

[0035] Thirdly, the present invention provides a voltage monitoring device, including the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device described in any one of the first aspects.

[0036] As can be seen from the above, the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device, acquisition method, and voltage monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment of the invention include: at least one gating module, which includes N sets of channel gating switches, k module gating switches, and a control circuit. Each set of channel gating switches includes k channel gating switches that are connected one-to-one with the k module gating switches through k acquisition buses. Each module gating switch and each channel gating switch are communicatively connected to the control circuit. The kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel gating switches are respectively connected to kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell, and a fuel cell plate is connected between every two consecutive channel gating switches. Here, k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 0, and k is not less than 0. A multiplexer is configured such that the outputs of each channel selection switch are connected to different inputs of the multiplexer via corresponding module selection switches; a high common-mode differential operational amplifier (HMAC) is configured such that the output of the multiplexer is connected to the input of the HMAC; a signal conditioner is configured such that the output of the HMAC is connected to the input of the signal conditioner; and an MCU is configured such that it is connected to the control circuits of each selection module and the control terminal of the multiplexer, respectively, to control each selection module to sequentially select adjacent pairs of nodes by opening k module selection switches and k channel selection switches to form the voltage of kN- fuel cell cells. The output of the signal conditioner is connected to the MCU to provide feedback on the voltage of the kN- fuel cell cells. Because this invention includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches connected one-to-one with k module selection switches, discrete switching devices are used for selection. The number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared to dedicated acquisition chips, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is significantly reduced. In this invention, each selection module shares a multiplexer, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier, and a signal conditioner. This means that all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit, ensuring that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, greatly improving reliability. Simultaneously, the reduction in acquisition circuitry significantly reduces cost, and the reduction in the number of components used also improves reliability. Furthermore, because this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches and k channel selection switches are opened simultaneously, rather than only the channel selection switches at both ends of the fuel cell sheet are opened, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0037] The innovative aspects of this invention include:

[0038] 1. Because the embodiments of this invention include N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches connected one-to-one with k module selection switches, discrete switching devices are used for selection. The number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared with dedicated acquisition chips, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is significantly reduced. In this invention, each selection module shares a multiplexer, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier, and a signal conditioner. That is, all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit. This ensures that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, greatly improving reliability. At the same time, the reduction in acquisition circuitry also significantly reduces cost, and the reduction in the number of components used also improves reliability. Furthermore, because this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches and k channel selection switches are opened simultaneously, rather than only the channel selection switches at both ends of the fuel cell plate are opened, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0039] 2. Since all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit, the acquisition cost of a single channel is greatly reduced.

[0040] 3. By setting up an isolated CAN communication circuit between the MCU and the host computer, high and low voltages can be isolated to avoid danger.

[0041] 4. By setting up an isolated power supply circuit and connecting it to an external power supply device, the purpose of powering each selection module, multiplexer, high common-mode differential operational amplifier, signal conditioner, and MCU can be achieved.

[0042] 5. First, selection is performed using a slow-conduction channel selection switch and a module selection switch. Then, a very fast multiplexer is used for re-selection to obtain the acquisition voltage of the two channels corresponding to the two ends of the fuel cell cell to be acquired. Then, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier is used to subtract the acquisition voltage of the two channels. The obtained voltage difference is then conditioned by a signal conditioner and sent to the MCU to obtain the voltage of each fuel cell cell, thus realizing voltage acquisition. Since this embodiment of the invention includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches that are connected one-to-one with k module selection switches, discrete switching devices are used for selection. The number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared with dedicated acquisition chips, this method is more efficient. The invention achieves higher acquisition accuracy and significantly reduced costs. Each selection module in this invention shares a multiplexer, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier, and a signal conditioner. This means all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuitry, ensuring that the errors caused by the acquisition circuitry are identical across all channels, resulting in consistent confidence levels for the acquired data and significantly improved reliability. Furthermore, the reduction in acquisition circuitry also greatly reduces costs, and the reduced number of components further enhances reliability. Moreover, the invention utilizes k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches and k channel selection switches are simultaneously activated, rather than only activating the channel selection switches at both ends of the fuel cell plate. This significantly improves acquisition speed.

[0043] 6. If the voltage of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module has not been collected, the voltage of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module will continue to be collected until the voltage of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module has been collected. Then, it will be determined whether there is a next gating module. If there is a next gating module, the voltage collection will continue through the next gating module until the collection is completed. If there is no next gating module, the collection is completed. This method is used to collect the voltage of each fuel cell cell.

[0044] 7. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device in the voltage monitoring instrument includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches connected one-to-one with k module selection switches. Therefore, discrete switching devices are used for selection, and the number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared with dedicated acquisition chips, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is greatly reduced. In this invention, each selection module shares a multiplexer, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier, and a signal conditioner. That is to say, all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit. This ensures that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, which greatly improves reliability. At the same time, the reduction of acquisition circuits also greatly reduces costs, and the reduction of components used also improves reliability. Furthermore, since this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches and k channel selection switches are turned on simultaneously, rather than only the channel selection switches at both ends of the fuel cell plate are turned on, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0045] Of course, implementing any product or method of the present invention does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method applied to the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 1 The components are: 1. Gating module, 2. Module gating switch, 3. Channel gating switch, 4. Fuel cell, 5. Multiplexer, 6. High common-mode differential operational amplifier, 7. Signal conditioner, 8. MCU, 9. Isolated CAN communication circuit, 10. Host computer, 11. Isolated power supply circuit, and 12. External power supply device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments and drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0052] This invention discloses a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device, data acquisition method, and voltage monitoring instrument, which can improve reliability, increase data acquisition speed, and reduce cost. The embodiments of this invention are described in detail below.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0055] At least one gating module 1 is provided. The gating module 1 includes N sets of channel gating switches, k module gating switches 2, and a control circuit. Each set of channel gating switches includes k channel gating switches 3 that are connected one-to-one with the k module gating switches 2 through k acquisition buses. Each module gating switch 2 and each channel gating switch 3 are communicatively connected to the control circuit. The kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel gating switches 3 are respectively connected to the kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell. A fuel cell plate 4 is connected between every two consecutive channel gating switches 3. Here, k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 2, and k is not less than 3. For example, the number of gating modules 1 is 2.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the gating module 1 is a device used to control the transmission and processing of signals to achieve signal gating. The number of channels in each gating module 1 is limited by the withstand voltage of the gating switch and the maximum voltage difference within the gating module 1, ensuring that the withstand voltage of the gating switch is less than the maximum voltage difference within the gating module.

[0057] The number of gating modules 1 is determined by the sampling channels required by the design, and includes at least one gating module 1. In this embodiment of the invention, when voltage is acquired through a certain gating module 1, the module gating switch 2 contained therein remains normally closed, that is, it remains always on.

[0058] See also Figure 1 The gating module M represents the Mth gating module. If M is greater than 2, then... Figure 1 The gating modules between gating module 1 and gating module M are not shown in the figure. Channel gating switch 3 in gating module M is channel gating switch M, and module gating switch 2 is module gating switch M. Similarly, channel gating switch 3 in gating module 1 is channel gating switch 1, and module gating switch 2 is module gating switch 1.

[0059] BT is an abbreviation for Battery. BT(4n+2) represents the (4n+2)th fuel cell plate 4 connected to gating module 1, and so on. M in BTM represents gating module M, and BTM(4n+2) represents the (4n+2)th fuel cell plate 4 connected to gating module M, and so on, where n is a positive integer. S represents channel gating switch 3 in gating module 1, with the number after S identifying channel gating switch 3. K represents module gating switch 2 in gating module 1, with the number after K identifying module gating switch 2. Similarly, SM represents channel gating switch 3 in gating module M, KM represents module gating switch 2 in gating module M, V represents the acquisition bus used by gating module 1, and VM represents the acquisition bus used by gating module M.

[0060] In multiplexer 5, the outputs of each channel selection switch 3 are connected to different inputs of multiplexer 5 via corresponding module selection switches 2. In other words, the module selection switches 2 are connected one-to-one with the inputs of multiplexer 5, enabling selection. For example: see [link to example]. Figure 1 The input terminals of multiplexer 5 are H0-H3, which are also called channels of multiplexer 5. The channel selection switch S0 is connected to the input terminal H0 of multiplexer 5 through the module selection switch K0. For example, k is 4, and the multiplexer is a dual 2-to-1 multiplexer.

[0061] The output of the high common-mode differential op-amp 6 is connected to the input of the high common-mode differential op-amp 6.

[0062] The output of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6 is connected to the input of the signal conditioner 7. The signal conditioning circuit 7 includes a forward processing circuit and an inverting processing circuit. The output of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6 is connected to the input of the forward processing circuit and the input of the inverting processing circuit, respectively.

[0063] The MCU (Microcontroller Unit) 8 is connected to the control circuit of each gating module 1 and the control terminal of the multiplexer 5, respectively, to control each gating module 1 to sequentially select adjacent paired nodes by opening k module gating switches 2 and k channel gating switches 3 to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4. The output terminal of the signal conditioner 7 is connected to the MCU 8 to provide feedback on the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4.

[0064] Specifically, MCU8 may include an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) module, and the output of signal conditioner 7 is connected to the ADC module. Of course, a separate ADC chip can also be used.

[0065] When the signal conditioning circuit 7 includes a forward processing circuit and a reverse processing circuit, the output terminals of both the forward processing circuit and the reverse processing circuit are connected to the MCU8.

[0066] The logic for voltage acquisition using the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: First, selection is performed using the channel selection switch 3 and module selection switch 2, which have slow turn-on speeds (turn-on time is generally around 500µs). Then, the selection is performed again using the multiplexer 5, which has extremely fast turn-on speeds (turn-on time is within 200ns), to obtain the acquisition voltages of the two channels corresponding to the two ends of the fuel cell cell 4 to be acquired. Then, the acquisition voltages of the two channels are subtracted by the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, and the obtained voltage difference is conditioned by the signal conditioner 7 and sent to the MCU8 to obtain the voltage of each fuel cell cell 4.

[0067] To ensure the accuracy of the acquired voltage values, it is necessary to ensure that the acquired voltage of the two channels at the front end of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6 is equal to the acquired voltage at both ends of the fuel cell plate 4. Since the module selection switch 2 is normally closed, the channel selection switch 3 needs to be turned on for a sufficiently long time.

[0068] The existing solution uses only two acquisition buses. This means that only the optocouplers (or gating switches) on the selector lines at both ends of the acquisition channel are activated during each acquisition. However, due to the limited conduction time of a single optocoupler, the overall acquisition speed is very slow. Assuming the minimum conduction time of each optocoupler is Ton, and ignoring the off-time, acquiring n channels would require n*Ton of time.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, k is not less than 3, that is, at least 4 acquisition buses are used. The MCU8 controls each gating module 1 to sequentially select adjacent paired nodes to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4 by opening k module gating switches 2 and opening k channel gating switches 3. See the detailed description of steps S110-S190 in the multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method below.

[0070] Taking four acquisition buses as an example, see below. Figure 1 When collecting data on BT(4n) fuel cell cell 4, the module selection switches K0-K3 are turned on and are normally closed. In addition to the channel selection switches S(4n) and S(4n+1) corresponding to BT(4n) fuel cell cell 4 being turned on, the two following channel selection switches S(4n+2) and S(4n+3) will also be turned on and in standby mode. In this way, each channel selection switch 3 is kept on for at least 3 sampling cycles during sampling. As long as the 3 sampling cycles are less than Ton, the overall acquisition speed can be 3 times that of the original.

[0071] Using more acquisition buses can achieve faster speeds. In practical applications, the acquisition cycle can be increased as needed, allowing each channel selector switch 3 to be on for a longer period. This increases the potential stability on the sampling line, improves the accuracy of the acquired voltage, and also increases the acquisition speed.

[0072] See also Figure 1 The multi-channel fuel cell voltage inspection device provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes an isolated CAN (Controller Area Network) communication circuit 9, and the MCU8 is connected to the host computer 10 through the isolated CAN communication circuit 9.

[0073] Therefore, by setting up an isolated CAN communication circuit 9 between MCU8 and host computer 10, high and low voltages can be isolated to avoid danger.

[0074] See also Figure 1 The multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes an isolation power supply circuit 11. The control circuit of each selection module 1, the multiplexer 5, the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, the signal conditioner 7, and the MCU 8 are all connected to the isolation power supply circuit 11. The isolation power supply circuit 11 is connected to an external power supply device 12. For example, the voltage of the external power supply device 12 is 9-32V.

[0075] Therefore, by setting up an isolated power supply circuit 11 and connecting it to an external power supply device, the purpose of supplying power to each selection module 1, multiplexer 5, high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, signal conditioner 7 and MCU8 can be achieved.

[0076] In summary, the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: at least one selection module 1, the selection module 1 includes N sets of channel selection switches, k module selection switches 2 and a control circuit, each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches 3 connected one-to-one with the k module selection switches 2 through k acquisition buses, each module selection switch 2 and each channel selection switch 3 are communicatively connected to the control circuit, the kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel selection switches 3 are respectively connected to the kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell, and a fuel cell plate 4 is connected between every two consecutive channel selection switches 3, where k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 2, and k is not less than 3. Multiplexer 5, the output of each channel selection switch 3 is connected to a different input of multiplexer 5 through a corresponding module selection switch 2; High common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, the output of multiplexer 5 is connected to the input of high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6; Signal conditioner 7, the output of high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6 is connected to the input of signal conditioner 7; MCU 8, MCU 8 is connected to the control circuit of each selection module 1 and the control terminal of multiplexer 5, so as to control each selection module 1 to sequentially select adjacent paired nodes by opening k module selection switches and k channel selection switches to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4, and the output of signal conditioner 7 is connected to MCU 8 to provide feedback on the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4. Since this invention includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches 3 connected one-to-one with k module selection switches 2, discrete switching devices are used for selection. The number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared to dedicated acquisition chips, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is significantly reduced. In this invention, each selection module 1 shares a multiplexer 5, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, and a signal conditioner 7. This means that all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit, ensuring that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, greatly improving reliability. Simultaneously, the reduction in acquisition circuitry significantly reduces cost, and the reduction in the number of components used also improves reliability. Furthermore, since this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches 2 and k channel selection switches 3 are opened simultaneously, rather than only the channel selection switches 3 at both ends of the fuel cell plate 4 are opened, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0077] Furthermore, since all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuitry, the acquisition cost per channel is significantly reduced.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method applied to the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This method is applied to an MCU. See also... Figure 2 The multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method provided in this embodiment of the invention specifically includes the following steps.

[0080] S110: Take the first gating module as the current gating module, control the opening of k module gating switches in the current gating module and the opening of k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches, and control the multiplexer to select the two first channels in the first group of channel gating switches that correspond to the first channel gating switch and the second channel gating switch, respectively.

[0081] Continuing with the example of 4 acquisition buses, assuming there are 2 gating modules, namely gating module 1 and gating module M, see below. Figure 1 Then the first gating module is gating module 1. Gating module 1 is used as the current gating module. The module gating switches K0-K3 in the current gating module are opened and the channel gating switches S0-S3 in the first group of channel gating switches are opened. The multiplexer is controlled to select the two first channels H0 and H1 corresponding to the first channel gating switch S0 and the second channel gating switch S1.

[0082] S120: After saving the first processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the first channel selector switch and the second channel selector switch, turn off the first channel selector switch, set the second channel selector switch as the current channel selector switch, and set the first channel selector switch in the second group of channel selector switches as the target channel selector switch. The first processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the two first channel acquisition voltages through a high common-mode differential operational amplifier and a signal conditioner in sequence.

[0083] After the multiplexer selects the two first channels corresponding to the first and second channel selection switches in the first group of channel selection switches, the first processed voltage can be used as the voltage of the fuel cell plate connected between the first and second channel selection switches and saved.

[0084] The voltage obtained after the first processing can be obtained in the following ways:

[0085] The acquisition voltages of the two first channels are obtained through a multiplexer;

[0086] The first voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the two sampled voltages of the first channel using a high common-mode differential operational amplifier.

[0087] The first voltage difference is conditioned by a signal conditioner to obtain a first conditioned voltage difference, which is then used as the first processed voltage.

[0088] Therefore, the first voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the two first channel acquisition voltages through a high common-mode differential operational amplifier, thereby achieving high-precision signal processing. Then, the first voltage difference is conditioned by a signal conditioner to obtain a first conditioned voltage difference. The first conditioned voltage difference is used as the first processed voltage, so that the first processed voltage is suitable for the input of the MCU.

[0089] After saving the voltage, the time required to turn on the channel selection switch is reduced by turning off a used channel selection switch and simultaneously turning on an unused channel selection switch, thereby improving the acquisition speed.

[0090] Specifically, the first channel selector switch is turned off, the second channel selector switch is used as the current channel selector switch, and the first channel selector switch in the second group of channel selectors is used as the target channel selector switch. "Turn off" means not conducting.

[0091] Following the example of step S110, the first processed voltage is used as the voltage of the fuel cell plate BT0 connected between the first channel selector switch S0 and the second channel selector switch S1 and saved. Then, the first channel selector switch S0 is turned off, the second channel selector switch S1 is used as the current channel selector switch, and the first channel selector switch S4 in the second group of channel selector switches is used as the target channel selector switch.

[0092] S130: Open the target channel selection switch, and take the next channel selection switch of the current channel selection switch and the previous channel selection switch as the current selection switch pair, and control the multiplexer to select the two second channels corresponding to the two channel selection switches in the current selection switch pair.

[0093] Following the example of step S120, the target channel selection switch S4 is turned on, and the current channel selection switch S1 and the next channel selection switch S2 of the current channel selection switch are taken as the current selection switch pair. The multiplexer is controlled to select the two second channels H1 and H2 corresponding to the two channel selection switches in the current selection switch pair.

[0094] S140: After saving the second processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the two channel selectors within the current selector switch pair, close the current channel selector switch and use the next channel selector switch as the current channel selector switch. The second processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the sampled voltages of the two second channels through a high common-mode differential operational amplifier and a signal conditioner in sequence.

[0095] After the multiplexer selects the two second channels corresponding to the two channel selection switches within the current selection switch pair, the second processed voltage can be used as the voltage of the fuel cell cell connected between the two channel selection switches within the current selection switch pair and saved. The method for obtaining the second processed voltage is the same as the method for obtaining the first processed voltage; please refer to the method for obtaining the first processed voltage for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] After saving the voltage, turn off the current channel selector switch and use the next channel selector switch as the current channel selector switch.

[0097] Following the example of step S130, the current channel selection switch S1 is turned off, and the next channel selection switch S2 of the current channel selection switch S1 is used as the current channel selection switch.

[0098] S150: Determine whether there are any unactivated channel selection switches in the current selection module. If there are unactivated channel selection switches, proceed to step S160. If there are no unactivated channel selection switches, proceed to step S170.

[0099] Determine whether there are any unactivated channel selection switches in the current gating module. If there are unactivated channel selection switches, it means that the channel selection switches need to be activated, i.e., execute step S160. If there are no unactivated channel selection switches, it means that all channel selection switches in the current gating module have been activated, and execute step S170.

[0100] Following the example of step S140, determine whether there are any unactivated channel selection switches in the selection module 1. If it is determined that there are unactivated channel selection switches S5-S(4n+3), proceed to step S160. If it is determined that there are no unactivated channel selection switches, proceed to step S170.

[0101] S160: Use the next channel selector of the target channel selector as the target channel selector and return to step S130.

[0102] If there are unactivated channel selection switches, it means that more channel selection switches need to be activated. In this case, the next channel selection switch after the target channel selection switch is used as the target channel selection switch, and the process returns to step S130.

[0103] Following the example of step S150, the next channel selection switch S5 after the target channel selection switch S4 is used as the target channel selection switch, and the process returns to step S130, which means turning on the target channel selection switch S5, and using the current channel selection switch S2 and the next channel selection switch S3 as the current selection switch pair, controlling the multiplexer to select the two second channels H2 and H3 corresponding to the two channel selection switches in the current selection switch pair.

[0104] S170: Determine whether the voltages of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module have all been collected. If so, proceed to step S180.

[0105] If there are no unactivated channel selection switches, it means that all channel selection switches in the current selection module have been activated. At this time, it is necessary to determine whether the voltage of the fuel cell cells connected to the current selection module has been collected. If so, proceed to step S180.

[0106] Following the example of step S150, determine whether the voltages of the fuel cell cells connected to the gating module 1 have all been collected. If so, proceed to step S180.

[0107] S180: Determine if there is a next gating module. If there is a next gating module, proceed to step S190. If there is no next gating module, the data acquisition is complete.

[0108] If the voltages of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module have been collected, it means that voltage acquisition through the current gating module has been completed. It is necessary to determine whether there is a next gating module. If there is a next gating module, proceed to step S190. If there is no next gating module, the acquisition is complete.

[0109] Following the example of step S170, determine whether there is a next gating module. If there is a next gating module M, proceed to step S190. If there is no next gating module, the data acquisition is complete.

[0110] S190: Set the next gating module as the current gating module, and return to the execution step S110 to control the opening of k module gating switches in the current gating module and the opening of k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches.

[0111] If a next gating module exists, voltage acquisition will continue through the next gating module, and the acquisition method will be the same as that of the previous gating module. Therefore, the next gating module will be used as the current gating module, and the execution will return to step S110, which controls the opening of k module gating switches in the current gating module and the opening of k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches.

[0112] Following the example of step S180, the next gating module M is taken as the current gating module, and the execution returns to the step of step S110, which controls the opening of k module gating switches KM0-KM3 in the current gating module M and the opening of k channel gating switches SM0-SM3 in the first group of channel gating switches.

[0113] As described above, in this embodiment of the invention, the first gating module is used as the current gating module. This module controls the opening of k module gating switches within the current gating module and k channel gating switches within the first group of channel gating switches. The multiplexer is then used to select two first channels within the first group of channel gating switches that correspond to the first and second channel gating switches, respectively. The first processed voltage is used as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the first and second channel gating switches and saved. The first channel gating switch is then closed, and the second channel gating switch is used as the current channel gating switch. The first channel gating switch within the second group of channel gating switches is used as the target channel gating switch. The first processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the voltages of the two first channels sequentially through a high common-mode differential operational amplifier and a signal conditioner. The target channel gating switch is then opened, and the next channel gating switch after the current channel gating switch and the previous channel gating switch is used as the current gating switch pair. The multiplexer is then used to select two second channels corresponding to the two channel gating switches within the current gating switch pair. The process involves taking the second processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the two channel selectors within the current selector switch and saving it. Then, the current channel selector switch is turned off, and the next channel selector switch is used as the current channel selector switch. The second processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the voltages collected from the two second channels sequentially through a high common-mode differential operational amplifier and a signal conditioner. If there is an unactivated channel selector switch, the next channel selector switch of the target channel selector switch is used as the target channel selector switch, and the process returns to the step of turning on the target channel selector switch. If there is no unactivated channel selector switch, it is determined whether the voltages of all fuel cell cells connected to the current selector module have been collected. If so, it is determined whether there is a next selector module. If there is a next selector module, it is used as the current selector module, and the process returns to the step of controlling the opening of k module selectors within the current selector module and the opening of k channel selectors within the first group of channel selectors. If there is no next selector module, the data acquisition is complete.

[0114] Therefore, selection is first performed using the slow-conduction-speed channel selection switch 3 and module selection switch 2, and then re-selected using the extremely fast multiplexer 5 to obtain the acquisition voltage of the two channels corresponding to the two ends of the fuel cell cell 4 to be acquired. Then, the acquisition voltage of the two channels is subtracted by the high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, and the obtained voltage difference is conditioned by the signal conditioner 7 and sent to the MCU8 to obtain the voltage of each fuel cell cell 4, thus realizing voltage acquisition. Since this embodiment of the invention includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches 3 connected one-to-one with k module selection switches 2, discrete switching devices are used for selection, and the number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared with dedicated acquisition chips, this method is more efficient. In this invention, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is greatly reduced. Each selection module 1 in this invention shares a multiplexer 5, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, and a signal conditioner 7. That is to say, all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit. This ensures that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, which greatly improves the reliability. At the same time, the reduction in acquisition circuits also greatly reduces the cost, and the reduction in the number of components used also improves the reliability. Furthermore, since this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches 2 and k channel selection switches 3 are opened simultaneously, rather than only opening the channel selection switches 3 at both ends of the fuel cell plate 4, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0115] Following step S170 above, the multi-channel fuel cell voltage acquisition method provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes:

[0116] If not, continue to collect the voltage of the fuel cell cell connected to the current gating module until the voltage of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module has been collected, then execute step S180.

[0117] If the voltages of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module are not all collected, it means that further collection is needed. That is, continue to collect the voltages of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module until the voltages of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module have been collected, and then execute step S180.

[0118] Therefore, if the voltage of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module is not collected, the voltage of each fuel cell cell is collected by continuing to collect the voltage of the fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module until the voltage of all fuel cell cells connected to the current gating module has been collected. Then, it is determined whether there is a next gating module. If there is a next gating module, the voltage is collected through the next gating module until the collection is completed. If there is no next gating module, the collection is completed. This method is used to collect the voltage of each fuel cell cell.

[0119] Example 3

[0120] This invention provides a voltage monitoring device, including the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1.

[0121] Therefore, the multi-channel fuel cell voltage monitoring device in the voltage monitoring instrument includes: at least one selection module 1, the selection module 1 includes N sets of channel selection switches, k module selection switches 2 and control circuit, each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches 3 connected one-to-one with the k module selection switches 2 through k acquisition buses, each module selection switch 2 and each channel selection switch 3 are communicatively connected to the control circuit, the kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel selection switches 3 are respectively connected to the kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell, and a fuel cell plate 4 is connected between every two consecutive channel selection switches 3, where k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 2, and k is not less than 3. Multiplexer 5, the output of each channel selection switch 3 is connected to a different input of multiplexer 5 through a corresponding module selection switch 2; High common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, the output of multiplexer 5 is connected to the input of high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6; Signal conditioner 7, the output of high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6 is connected to the input of signal conditioner 7; MCU 8, MCU 8 is connected to the control circuit of each selection module 1 and the control terminal of multiplexer 5, so as to control each selection module 1 to sequentially select adjacent paired nodes by opening k module selection switches and k channel selection switches to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4, and the output of signal conditioner 7 is connected to MCU 8 to provide feedback on the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell plates 4. Since this invention includes N sets of channel selection switches, and each set of channel selection switches includes k channel selection switches 3 connected one-to-one with k module selection switches 2, discrete switching devices are used for selection. The number of acquisition channels can be increased or decreased arbitrarily. Compared to dedicated acquisition chips, the acquisition accuracy is higher and the cost is significantly reduced. In this invention, each selection module 1 shares a multiplexer 5, a high common-mode differential operational amplifier 6, and a signal conditioner 7. This means that all acquisition channels use the same acquisition circuit, ensuring that the error caused by the acquisition circuit is the same for all channels, and the confidence level of the acquired data is also the same, greatly improving reliability. Simultaneously, the reduction in acquisition circuitry significantly reduces cost, and the reduction in the number of components used also improves reliability. Furthermore, since this invention uses k acquisition buses, and during acquisition, k module selection switches 2 and k channel selection switches 3 are opened simultaneously, rather than only the channel selection switches 3 at both ends of the fuel cell plate 4 are opened, the acquisition speed is greatly improved.

[0122] The above-described voltage inspection instrument embodiment corresponds to the device embodiment and has the same technical effect as the voltage inspection instrument embodiment. For details, please refer to the voltage inspection instrument embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of one embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing the present invention.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments can be distributed in the apparatus of the embodiments as described in the embodiments, or they can be located in one or more devices different from this embodiment with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel fuel cell voltage patrol device, characterized by, include: At least one gating module is provided, comprising N sets of channel gating switches, k module gating switches, and a control circuit. Each set of channel gating switches includes k channel gating switches that are connected one-to-one with the k module gating switches via k acquisition buses. Each module gating switch and each channel gating switch are communicatively connected to the control circuit. The kN acquisition terminals of the kN channel gating switches are respectively connected to kN consecutive nodes of the multi-channel fuel cell, and a fuel cell plate is connected between every two consecutive channel gating switches. Here, k and N are both positive integers, N is not less than 2, and k is not less than 3. The output of each channel selection switch of the multiplexer is connected to a different input of the multiplexer through a corresponding module selection switch. A high common-mode differential operational amplifier, wherein the output of the multiplexer is connected to the input of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier; A signal conditioner, wherein the output of the high common-mode differential operational amplifier is connected to the input of the signal conditioner; The microcontroller unit (MCU) is connected to the control circuits of each gating module and the control terminal of the multiplexer. The MCU controls each gating module to sequentially select adjacent pairs of nodes to form the voltage of kN-1 fuel cell cells by opening k module gating switches and k channel gating switches. The output terminal of the signal conditioner is connected to the MCU to provide feedback on the voltage of the kN-1 fuel cell cells.

2. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage health monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an isolation controller LAN bus CAN communication circuit, through which the MCU connects to the host computer.

3. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage health monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an isolation power supply circuit, and the control circuits of each gating module, the multiplexer, the high common-mode differential operational amplifier, the signal conditioner, and the MCU are all connected to the isolation power supply circuit, which is connected to an external power supply device.

4. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage health monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The value of k is 4.

5. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage health monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The multiplexer is a dual 2-to-1 multiplexer.

6. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage health monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The number of gating modules is 2.

7. A method for collecting the voltage of a multi-channel fuel cell applied to the multi-channel fuel cell voltage patrol device of any one of claims 1-6, applied to the MCU, characterized in that, include: The first gating module is used as the current gating module. The k module gating switches in the current gating module and the k channel gating switches in the first group of channel gating switches are opened. The multiplexer is controlled to select the two first channels in the first group of channel gating switches that correspond to the first channel gating switch and the second channel gating switch, respectively. After saving the first processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the first channel selector switch and the second channel selector switch, the first channel selector switch is turned off, the second channel selector switch is used as the current channel selector switch, and the first channel selector switch in the second group of channel selector switches is used as the target channel selector switch. The first processed voltage is the voltage obtained after processing the sampled voltages of the two first channels through the high common-mode differential operational amplifier and the signal conditioner in sequence. opening the target channel switch, taking the current channel switch and the next channel switch of the current channel switch as a current switch pair, controlling the multiplexer to select two second channels corresponding to the two channel switches in the current switch pair; after taking the second processed voltage as the voltage of the fuel cell connected between the two channel switches in the current switch pair and saving, closing the current channel switch, taking the next channel switch of the current channel switch as the current channel switch, judging whether there is an unopened channel switch in the current switch module, wherein the second processed voltage is a voltage obtained by processing the collected voltages of the two second channels by the high common-mode differential operational amplifier and the signal conditioner in turn; if there is an unopened channel switch, taking the next channel switch of the target channel switch as the target channel switch, returning to execute the step of opening the target channel switch; if there is no unopened channel switch, judging whether the voltages of the fuel cells connected by the current switch module have all been collected; if yes, judging whether there is a next switch module; if there is a next switch module, taking the next switch module as the current switch module, returning to execute the step of controlling the k module switches in the current switch module and the k channel switches in the first group of channel switches to be opened; if there is no next switch module, the collection is completed.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of channels are associated with a plurality of fuel cells. After the step of judging whether the voltages of the fuel cells connected by the current switch module have all been collected, the method further comprises: if no, continuing to collect the voltages of the fuel cells connected by the current switch module until the voltages of the fuel cells connected by the current switch module have all been collected, and then executing the step of judging whether there is a next switch module.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of channels are associated with a plurality of fuel cells. The first processed voltage is obtained in the following way: obtaining the collected voltages of the two first channels through the multiplexer; subtracting the collected voltages of the two first channels through the high common-mode differential operational amplifier to obtain a first voltage difference; processing the first voltage difference through the signal conditioner to obtain a first processed voltage difference, and taking the first processed voltage difference as the first processed voltage.

10. A voltage patrol unit characterized by comprising: The multi-channel fuel cell voltage inspection device of any one of claims 1-6. The multi-channel fuel cell voltage inspection device of any one of claims 1-6.

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