Antenna structure, preparation method of antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna structure, a preparation method of the antenna structure and electronic equipment, belongs to the technical field of communication, and solves the technical problem that the overall scanning range of an antenna array is low due to the fact that the beam width of oscillators located at the edge in an existing antenna array is small. The antenna structure comprises an antenna array and at least one electromagnetic structure. The antenna array comprises a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, and each sub-array comprises a plurality of oscillators arranged side by side along a second direction. The electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure comprises a plurality of electromagnetic assemblies which are arranged side by side in the extending direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located. Through the scheme of the invention, the beam width of the antenna array edge oscillator is improved, the beam broadening of the antenna array edge oscillator is realized, and the scanning capability of the antenna array is improved on the whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna structure, a method for preparing the antenna structure, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of 5G wireless communication networks, mobile communications are ushering in a new period of prosperity. One of the characteristics of 5G wireless communication systems is that they support large capacity, and the key technical point of large capacity is massive MIMO, which requires large-scale antenna arrays as support. As the size of antennas increases, the construction cost of base station systems is also increasing. For urban scenarios with large capacity requirements and dense coverage, the increase in the construction cost of traditional three-sector base station systems can also be absorbed. However, in rural areas with vast land and sparse population, the spacing between sites is larger than in cities. If the urban site design scheme continues to be used, the cost will increase significantly. Therefore, based on rural scenarios, base station systems have higher requirements for wide coverage capabilities. However, the electromagnetic environment of the antenna base station is relatively complex, and due to the truncation effect of the surrounding environment, there is a significant difference between the beam of the vibrator at the edge of the antenna array of the antenna base station and the beam of the vibrator in the middle of the antenna array, which affects the antenna array beam scanning performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes an antenna structure, a method for preparing the antenna structure, and an electronic device. By adding an additional electromagnetic structure to the periphery of the antenna array, the beam width of the antenna array edge oscillator is improved, the beam width of the antenna array edge oscillator is achieved, and the large-angle scanning capability of the antenna array is improved as a whole.

[0004] In one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, including:

[0005] An antenna array, comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, wherein the sub-arrays comprise a plurality of oscillators arranged side by side along a second direction;

[0006] At least one electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located.

[0007] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic components and the vibrators are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the sub-array, there is a gap between every two adjacent vibrators; and the electromagnetic components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gaps.

[0009] In some embodiments, the number of the electromagnetic components in the electromagnetic structure is less than, equal to, or greater than the number of the vibrators in the sub-array.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness of the vibrator is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic component.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the vibrator and the electromagnetic component is 0.3λ to 1λ, where λ represents the frequency wavelength of the working center of the vibrator.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic structure is disposed on both sides of the antenna array along the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of the electromagnetic structures are arranged around the antenna array at the periphery of the antenna array.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic component adopts the same structure and material as the vibrator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic component includes: a substrate, and a first metal layer and a second metal layer arranged on both sides of the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate, the first metal layer and the second metal layer overlap in the orthographic projection of the substrate, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are connected by a connecting structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic component is a patch structure.

[0017] Another aspect of the present disclosure further provides a method for preparing an antenna structure, including:

[0018] forming an antenna array, the antenna array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, the sub-arrays comprising a plurality of dipoles arranged side by side along a second direction;

[0019] At least one electromagnetic structure is formed, and the electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located.

[0020] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including: the antenna structure as described in any of the above embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary antenna;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure simulation model provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a beam width simulation of an antenna in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of gain of an antenna array in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of the antenna structure shown along the AA' direction;

[0033] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A cross-sectional view of the antenna structure shown along the BB' direction;

[0035] Fig.14A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a subarray provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples, and other embodiments may take various alternative forms. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale; certain functions may be exaggerated or minimized to show the details of specific components. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as restrictive, but merely as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to use the present application in various ways. As will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, the various features shown and described with reference to any one of the drawings may be combined with the features shown in one or more other drawings to produce embodiments that are not explicitly shown or described. The combination of the features shown provides representative embodiments for typical applications. However, various combinations and modifications of features consistent with the teachings of the present disclosure may be desirable for certain specific applications or embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate that there is at least one. "Including" or "including" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. The term "and / or" when used to list two or more items means that any one of the listed items can be adopted by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be adopted.

[0039] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary antenna structure. Figure 1As shown, the antenna includes a first substrate, and the first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 1 and at least one radiating unit 2 and at least one feeder group arranged on one side of the first dielectric substrate 1. The feeder group is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiating unit 2. Among them, one radiating unit 2 and one feeder group connected thereto constitute a dipole.

[0040] The directivity of a single antenna is limited. To meet the requirements of various applications, two or more single antennas working at the same frequency are fed and arranged in space according to certain requirements to form an antenna array. In the antenna array, there is a significant difference in the beam width between the oscillator at the edge of the antenna array and the oscillator in the middle of the antenna array, which affects the scanning performance of the antenna array.

[0041] It should be noted that the edge of the antenna array refers to the area where the outermost sub-array of the antenna array is located; the middle of the antenna array refers to the area outside the edge of the antenna cover array.

[0042] In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes: an antenna array and at least one electromagnetic structure. The antenna array includes a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, and the sub-arrays include a plurality of vibrators arranged side by side along a second direction. The electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located.

[0043] According to the antenna array principle, the antenna pattern of the antenna array is equal to the superposition of the array factor and the oscillator pattern. Adding an electromagnetic structure on at least one side of the antenna array edge can widen the horizontal beam width of the oscillator at the edge of the antenna array, making it consistent with the beam pattern width of the oscillator in the middle of the antenna array, or even wider, thereby increasing the beam scanning range of the array antenna and reducing the scanning gain roll-off.

[0044] The antenna structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to a base station to improve the beam scanning range of the antenna in the base station.

[0045] The specific structure of the antenna structure disclosed in the present invention is described below through specific embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure simulation model provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a beam width simulation of an antenna in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the gain of an antenna array in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure includes: an antenna array 10 and two electromagnetic structures 20. The antenna array 10 includes a plurality of sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, and the sub-arrays 11 include a plurality of vibrators 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y. The two electromagnetic structures 20 are arranged on both sides of the edge of the antenna array 10 along the first direction; the electromagnetic structure 20 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 21 arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array 10 where it is located. The electromagnetic components use the same structure and material as the vibrators 111. The first direction X and the second direction Y may intersect with each other. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other as an example for description.

[0049] In this disclosure Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the subarray 11 includes four oscillators 111, and the four oscillators 111 are connected by a feeding structure. The oscillator 111 includes a first radiating structure 1111 and a second radiating structure 1112, and the first radiating structure 1111 and the second radiating structure 1112 cross each other. During the operation of the antenna, the radio frequency signal is fed into the first radiating structure 1111 and the second radiating structure 1112 respectively through the feeder of the first radiating structure 1111 and the feeder of the second radiating structure 1112. After receiving the radio frequency signal, the first radiating structure 1111 and the second radiating structure 1112 convert it into an electromagnetic wave and radiate it outward. The contours of the first radiating structure 1111 and the second radiating structure 1112 can be strip-shaped, such as a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., which are not limited here. The electromagnetic component can adopt the same structure and material as the radiating structure. The material of the radiating structure can be metal, such as copper, aluminum, titanium and other metal materials. The shape and size of the radiating structure depend on the required operating frequency and the type of antenna.

[0050] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a subarray provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. In some examples, such as Fig.15As shown, the subarray 11 includes four oscillators 111. The oscillator 111 includes: a radiation structure 112 and a feeding structure, the feeding structure includes a first feed line 113 and a second feed line 114, the first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114 are electrically connected to the radiation structure 112, and the radiation structure 112 includes: a plurality of first edges 1121 arranged in sequence. The first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114 can be connected to the radiation structure 112 according to product requirements. For example, the first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114 are connected to the same first edge 1121, or to different first edges 1121, or to the vertex where two adjacent first edges 1121 intersect. The feeding directions of the first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114 are different. During the operation of the antenna, the radio frequency signal is fed into the radiation structure 112 through the first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114 respectively, and after receiving the radio frequency signal fed through the first feed line 113 and the second feed line 114, the radiation structure 112 radiates electromagnetic waves outward. In the examples disclosed herein, the outer contour of the radiation component is described as a rectangle, but the outer contour of the radiation component may also be a circle or other shapes, which are not limited here.

[0051] In some examples, the antenna feeding structure can use microstrip coupling feeding. Coupling feeding refers to the conduction of electrical energy by coupling between two circuit elements or circuit networks that are not in contact but have a certain small distance in the field of communications. One of the elements obtains energy without direct contact with the electrical energy conduction system. When feeding with a microstrip line, the feed line and the microstrip patch are coplanar, so they can be conveniently photolithographed together, which is easy to manufacture. However, the feed line itself also radiates, thereby interfering with the antenna pattern and reducing the gain. For this reason, it is generally required that the microstrip line should not be too wide, and it is hoped that the microstrip line width is much smaller than the wavelength. The matching of the antenna input impedance and the characteristic impedance can be achieved by appropriately selecting the position of the feeding point. If the field changes along the width of the rectangular patch, the input impedance changes when the feed line moves along the width, thereby providing a simple way to match the impedance. The change in the feeding position changes the coupling between the feed line and the antenna, thereby causing a small drift in the resonant frequency, while the radiation pattern remains unchanged. However, a slight change in the patch size can compensate for the drift of the resonant frequency. The antenna feeding structure may also adopt other feeding methods, which are not limited in the present disclosure.

[0052] In some examples, the feeding structure is composed of a Wilkinson power divider and a one-to-many power divider. Specifically, the one-to-many power divider can be a one-to-three power divider, a one-to-four power divider, or a one-to-six power divider, or other one-to-many power dividers. The selection of a specific one-to-many power divider can be selected according to the number of radiation structures 112 in the subarray. It can be understood that the number of one-to-many power dividers can be two or more, and can also be selected according to the number of radiation structures 112 in the subarray. The one-to-many power divider is illustrated by taking a one-to-three power divider as an example. One end of the Wilson power divider corresponds to the first feeding port, and the Wilkinson power divider is connected to the one-to-many power divider. The multiple ports of the one-to-many power divider correspond to multiple second feeding ports, and are respectively connected to the radiation structure 112.

[0053] In some examples, the feeding structure and the radiating structure 112 may be respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric substrate. In this case, the feeding structure and the radiating structure 112 are fed by direct contact. Specifically, by providing a connecting via on the dielectric substrate, the feeding structure and the radiating structure 112 may be directly contacted and fed by the connecting structure located in the connecting via. At the same time, the feeding structure and the radiating structure 112 may also be respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric substrate, thereby saving the area of ​​the antenna array. Of course, the feeding structure and the radiating structure 112 may also be arranged on the same layer, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0054] In some examples, the feed line of the feeding structure is routed in an arc-shaped route or a serpentine-shaped route.

[0055] In some examples, in order to achieve impedance matching, a quarter-slope impedance transformation section is added to the second end of the microstrip feed line.

[0056] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electromagnetic components 21 and the vibrators 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the number of the electromagnetic components 21 in the electromagnetic structure can be equal to the number of the vibrators 111 in the sub-array.

[0057] In some examples, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the number of electromagnetic components 21 in the electromagnetic structure 20 may also be less than or equal to the number of vibrators 111 in the sub-array 11 .

[0058] In some examples, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the sub-array 11 , there is a gap 112 between every two adjacent vibrators 111 ; the electromagnetic components 21 can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gaps 112 .

[0059] In some examples, in order to prevent the electromagnetic component from affecting the vibrator located in the middle of the antenna array, the thickness of the electromagnetic component 21 is less than or equal to the thickness of the vibrator 111 .

[0060] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shortest distance L between the vibrator 111 and the electromagnetic component 21 is 0.3λ-1λ, where λ represents the wavelength of the working center frequency of the antenna.

[0061] In some examples, the electromagnetic assembly can have the same structure as the dipole without the addition of a feed line.

[0062] In some examples, the material of the electromagnetic structure may be a dielectric (eg, Teflon, ceramic, or glass fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin (FR4 for short), etc.) or a metal (eg, copper, aluminum, etc.).

[0063] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna structure includes: an antenna array 10 and two electromagnetic structures 20. The antenna array 10 includes five sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, each sub-array 11 includes four vibrators 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y, and the four vibrators 111 are electrically connected through a through-hole feeding structure. Figure 7 The antenna simulation model shown in Figure 1 is simulated and the following is obtained: Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The simulation results are shown.

[0064] pass Figure 8 It can be seen that the beam width of the oscillator in the edge area of ​​the antenna array without the electromagnetic structure is 95.65°, the beam width of the oscillator in the middle area of ​​the antenna array without the electromagnetic structure is 109.95°, and the beam width of the oscillator in the edge area of ​​the antenna array after the electromagnetic structure is set is 110.9°. It can be seen that after the electromagnetic structure is added to the antenna array, the beam width of the oscillator in the edge area of ​​the antenna array is widened by about 15°. In the example disclosed in the present disclosure, the beam scanning angle of the antenna array is greater than 55°.

[0065] pass Fig. 9 It can be seen that when the antenna beam scans to 90°, the antenna gain roll-off is improved by 0.2dB compared with before.

[0066] Accordingly, for Figure 2 The antenna structure shown in the figure, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, also provides a method for preparing the antenna structure. The method specifically includes:

[0067] S10 , forming an antenna array 10 , wherein the antenna array 10 includes a plurality of sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, and the sub-array 11 includes a plurality of dipoles 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y.

[0068] S20, forming at least one electromagnetic structure 20, wherein the electromagnetic structure 20 is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array 10; the electromagnetic structure 20 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 21 arranged side by side along an extension direction of the edge of the antenna array 10 where the electromagnetic structure 20 is located.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.11 for Fig.10 The antenna structure is shown as a cross-sectional view along the AA' direction.

[0071] In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the antenna structure includes: an antenna array 10 and two electromagnetic structures 20. The antenna array 10 includes a plurality of sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, and the sub-arrays 11 include a plurality of vibrators 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y. The two electromagnetic structures 20 are arranged on both sides of the edge of the antenna array 10 along the first direction; the electromagnetic structure 20 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 21 arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array 10 where it is located. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0072] In the example of this disclosure, Fig.10 and 11 As shown, the electromagnetic component 21 includes: a base substrate 211, and a first metal layer 212 and a second metal layer 213 arranged on both sides of the base substrate along the thickness direction of the base substrate, the first metal layer 212 and the second metal layer 213 overlap in the orthographic projection of the base substrate 211, and the first metal layer 212 and the second metal layer 213 are connected by a connecting structure.

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the structure of the electromagnetic component is different, and the remaining structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, so they are not described again here.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.13 for Fig.12 The antenna structure is shown as a cross-sectional view along the BB' direction.

[0076] In some embodiments, Fig.12As shown, the antenna structure includes: an antenna array 10 and two electromagnetic structures 20. The antenna array 10 includes a plurality of sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, and the sub-arrays 11 include a plurality of vibrators 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y. The two electromagnetic structures 20 are arranged on both sides of the edge of the antenna array 10 along the first direction; the electromagnetic structure 20 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 21 arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array 10 where it is located. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other, and the electromagnetic component can be a single-layer patch structure or a multi-layer patch structure. In some examples, such as Fig.13 As shown, the electromagnetic component 21 includes a substrate 201 and a patch 202 arranged on one side of the substrate 201. The material of the patch can be a dielectric, such as Teflon, ceramic or FR4.

[0077] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the structure of the electromagnetic component is different, and the remaining structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, so they are not described again here.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.14 As shown, the antenna structure includes: an antenna array 10 and four electromagnetic structures 20, and the four electromagnetic structures 20 are arranged around the periphery of the antenna array. Among them, the antenna array 10 includes a plurality of sub-arrays 11 arranged side by side along a first direction X, and the sub-arrays 11 include a plurality of vibrators 111 arranged side by side along a second direction Y. Two electromagnetic structures 20 are arranged on both sides of the edge of the antenna array 10 along the first direction; the electromagnetic structure 20 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 21 arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array 10 where it is located. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0080] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the number and arrangement of the electromagnetic components are different, and the remaining structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, so they will not be repeated here.

[0081] Another aspect of the present disclosure further provides a method for preparing an antenna structure, including:

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an electronic device, including: an antenna structure as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0083] The electronic device in the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the electronic device can be used as a transmitting antenna or as a receiving antenna. Among them, the transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides a signal of at least one frequency band, such as a 2G signal, a 3G signal, a 4G signal, a 5G signal, etc., and sends a signal of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the antenna system receives the signal, it can be processed by the filtering unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the receiving end in the first launch unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0084] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit, and is used to modulate the signal sent by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulating circuit, and a demodulating circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the substrate, the modulating circuit can modulate various types of signals provided by the baseband and then send them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulating circuit, and the demodulating circuit demodulates the signal and transmits it to the receiving end.

[0085] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, and the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected to a filter unit, and the filter unit is connected to at least one antenna. In the process of the antenna system sending signals, the signal amplifier is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the RF transceiver and then transmit it to the filter unit; the power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the RF transceiver and then transmit it to the filter unit; the filter unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filter circuit, and the filter unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier and filters out the clutter before transmitting them to the antenna, and the antenna radiates the signal. In the process of the antenna system receiving signals, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filter unit, and the filter unit filters out the clutter from the signal received by the antenna and then transmits it to the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, and the signal amplifier amplifies the signal received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the RF transceiver, and the RF transceiver then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0086] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited herein.

[0087] In some examples, the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying a signal.

[0088] The discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure (including the claims) of the embodiments of the present disclosure is limited to these examples; under the concept of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure as above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: An antenna array, comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, wherein the sub-arrays comprise a plurality of oscillators arranged side by side along a second direction; At least one electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the vibrators.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the sub-array, there is a gap between every two adjacent vibrators; The electromagnetic components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the gaps.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the electromagnetic components in the electromagnetic structure is less than, equal to, or greater than the number of the vibrators in the sub-array.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the vibrator is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic component.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shortest distance between the vibrator and the electromagnetic component is 0.3λ-1λ, where λ represents the frequency wavelength of the working center of the vibrator.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic structure is arranged on both sides of the antenna array along the first direction.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of electromagnetic structures are arranged around the antenna array at the periphery of the antenna array.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic component adopts the same structure and material as the vibrator.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic component includes: a substrate, and a first metal layer and a second metal layer arranged on both sides of the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate, the first metal layer and the second metal layer overlap in the orthographic projection of the substrate, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are connected by a connecting structure.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic component is a patch structure.

12. A method for preparing an antenna structure, characterized in that: include: forming an antenna array, the antenna array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays arranged side by side along a first direction, the sub-arrays comprising a plurality of dipoles arranged side by side along a second direction; At least one electromagnetic structure is formed, and the electromagnetic structure is arranged on at least one side of the edge of the antenna array; the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components arranged side by side along the extension direction of the edge of the antenna array where the electromagnetic structure is located.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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