Radiation oscillator of base station antenna

Abstract

According to the radiation oscillator of the base station antenna, the radiation oscillator comprises a radiation surface, a feed balun plate and a bottom plate connected with the feed balun plate, and the feed balun plate comprises a first reference ground wire, a second reference ground wire, a first feed wire and a second feed wire. The radiation surface comprises a printed circuit board, a first radiation unit and a third radiation unit which are arranged on the lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiation unit and a fourth radiation unit which are arranged on the upper layer of the printed circuit board, the first reference ground wire is electrically connected with the second radiation unit, and the second reference ground wire is electrically connected with the fourth radiation unit; the first feed wire is electrically connected with the first coupling branch on the upper layer of the first radiation unit, and the second feed wire is electrically connected with the second coupling branch on the upper layer of the third radiation unit. According to the technical scheme, the coupling of the feed wire is reduced, the signal quality of the base station antenna is improved, and the working efficiency, the bandwidth and the anti-interference performance of the base station antenna are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiating element of a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of the base station antenna, the performance, size and cost of the radiator are all important factors affecting the entire base station antenna. Radiators usually come in two forms: die-cast radiators and printed circuit board (PCB) radiators. The printed circuit board radiator does not require mold opening, has a short processing cycle, is easy to debug, and has the advantages of bandwidth, high processing precision and light weight. It is gradually being widely used in base station antennas.

[0003] In the prior art, a single balun feeding structure in which two polarized feeding conductor baluns and a reference ground conductor unit are arranged in the same plane is a form of a printed circuit board vibrator.

[0004] However, the single balun feeding structure has a technical problem that the mutual coupling between the two polarized feeding wires is serious, resulting in poor signal quality of the base station antenna. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a radiating element of a base station antenna to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the mutual coupling between two polarized feeding wires is serious, resulting in poor signal quality of the base station antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a radiating element of a base station antenna, comprising: a radiating surface, a feeding balun board, and a bottom plate respectively connected to the feeding balun board;

[0007] The feeding balun board includes: a first reference ground line, a second reference ground line, a first feeding wire, and a second feeding wire; the radiating surface includes: a printed circuit board, a first radiating unit and a third radiating unit arranged on a lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiating unit and a fourth radiating unit arranged on an upper layer of the printed circuit board;

[0008] The extended branch of the first reference ground wire is electrically connected to the second radiation unit, and the extended branch of the second reference ground wire is electrically connected to the fourth radiation unit;

[0009] The first feeding wire is electrically connected to a first coupling branch on an upper layer of the first radiation unit, and the second feeding wire is electrically connected to a second coupling branch on an upper layer of the third radiation unit.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the feeding balun board further includes: a dielectric board;

[0011] The first reference ground line and the second reference ground line are arranged on one side of the dielectric plate, and the first feeding conductor and the second feeding conductor are arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, a metalized via is provided between the second reference ground line and a protruding branch of the second reference ground line.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the first coupling branch is printed on an upper layer of the first radiation unit, and the second coupling branch is printed on an upper layer of the third radiation unit.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, a notch is provided between the first reference ground line and the second reference ground line, and the notch is used to increase the inter-port isolation between the first reference ground line and the second reference ground line.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, a copper clad layer is provided on the surface of the base plate, and the copper clad layer is connected to the first reference ground wire and the second reference ground wire.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are respectively located in a +45° polarization direction of the radiation plane, and the third radiation unit and the fourth radiation unit are respectively located in a -45° polarization direction of the radiation plane;

[0017] The first radiation unit, the second radiation unit, the third radiation unit, and the fourth radiation unit are isolated from each other.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the first feeding wire is connected to the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable;

[0019] The first reference ground line is connected to the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the second feeding wire is connected to the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable;

[0021] The second reference ground line is connected to the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, both the first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are first-type coupling branches, and the first-type coupling branch is any one of a Y-type coupling branch, a rectangular coupling branch, an L-type coupling branch, and a semicircular coupling branch;

[0023] The first radiation unit, the third radiation unit, the second radiation unit, and the fourth radiation unit all include: a radiation arm and the first type coupling branch.

[0024] The radiating element of the base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a radiating surface, a feeding balun board, and a bottom plate respectively connected to the feeding balun board, wherein the feeding balun board includes: a first reference ground wire, a second reference ground wire, a first feeding wire, and a second feeding wire, and the radiating surface includes: a printed circuit board, a first radiating unit and a third radiating unit arranged on the lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiating unit and a fourth radiating unit arranged on the upper layer of the printed circuit board, the extended branch of the first reference ground wire is electrically connected to the second radiating unit, the extended branch of the second reference ground wire is electrically connected to the fourth radiating unit, the first feeding wire is electrically connected to the first coupling branch on the upper layer of the first radiating unit, and the second feeding wire is electrically connected to the second coupling branch on the upper layer of the third radiating unit. This technical solution effectively reduces the coupling of the feeding wire and improves the signal quality of the base station antenna through precise signal transmission connection between the radiating unit and the feeding balun board and efficient feeding structure design, while ensuring the working efficiency, bandwidth and anti-interference of the base station antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the radiation surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the back structure of the radiation surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 .

[0033] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the application background of the embodiments of the present application is first explained:

[0036] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, low cost, small size and light weight have become the goals pursued by base station antennas. As an important component of base station antennas, the performance, size and cost of the radiating element are all important factors affecting the entire base station antenna. Therefore, it is extremely important to select a radiating element composed of low-cost and small-sized radiating units.

[0037] Radiating oscillators usually come in two forms: die-cast oscillators and printed circuit board oscillators. Printed circuit board oscillators do not require mold opening, have a short processing cycle, are easy to debug, and have the advantages of broadband, high processing precision and light weight. They are gradually being widely used in base station antennas.

[0038] In the prior art, a microstrip balun feeding structure in which two polarization feeding modules are orthogonally placed is a form of realizing dual-polarization feeding of a printed circuit board radiating unit. This scheme has the problem that the feeding structure occupies a large space and is not conducive to reducing the distance between the two radiating units when the dipoles are arrayed.

[0039] In addition, the single balun feeding structure in which the two polarized feeding wire baluns and the reference ground wire units are arranged in the same plane is a form of printed circuit board oscillator. The two polarized feeding wires of the single balun feeding method need to be fed and turned in a very small area. However, the single balun feeding structure has a technical problem that the two polarized feeding wires are severely coupled to each other, resulting in poor signal quality of the base station antenna.

[0040] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the inventor of the present application has the following idea: for the problem that the mutual coupling between the two polarized feeding wires is serious and leads to the poor signal quality of the antenna, the extended branches of the first reference ground wire and the second reference ground wire are respectively electrically connected to the radiating unit, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the feeding wires and improve the communication signal quality of the antenna. The specific radiating element includes a radiating surface, a feeding balun board, and a bottom plate respectively connected to the feeding balun board, wherein the radiating surface includes a first radiating unit and a third radiating unit printed on the lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiating unit and a fourth radiating unit printed on the upper layer of the printed circuit board. The feeding balun board includes a first reference ground wire, a second reference ground wire, a first feeding wire and a second feeding wire. The extended branches of the first reference ground wire and the second reference ground wire are respectively directly electrically connected to the second radiating unit and the fourth radiating unit, and the first feeding wire and the second feeding wire are respectively coupled and connected to the first radiating unit and the third radiating unit through coupling branches. The above method can effectively solve the coupling problem between the feeding wires and improve the transmission quality and anti-interference ability of the antenna signal.

[0041] At the same time, the embodiment of the present application adopts a design of a feeding balun board to solve the technical problem that the feeding structure of the prior art occupies a large space and is not conducive to reducing the distance between the radiation units.

[0042] The technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0043] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ,in Figure 1 The feeding balun board 20 is one side (i.e. the side with the feeding wire printed on it), Figure 2 The feeding balun board 20 is the other side (i.e. the side printed with the reference ground line), such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the radiation oscillator includes: a radiation surface 10, a feeding balun plate 20, and a bottom plate 30 respectively connected to the feeding balun plate;

[0044] Optionally, the feeding balun board 20 includes: a first reference ground line 201, a second reference ground line 202, a first feeding wire 203, and a second feeding wire 204; the radiating surface 10 includes: a printed circuit board 101, a first radiating unit 102 and a third radiating unit 103 arranged on a lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiating unit 104 and a fourth radiating unit 105 arranged on an upper layer of the printed circuit board;

[0045] In this implementation, the function of the first reference ground wire 201 and the second reference ground wire 202 is to provide a stable reference potential for the feeding system of the radiating oscillator and reduce signal interference and coupling. The first reference ground wire 201 and the second reference ground wire 202 can be designed into different shapes or positions to optimize the current signal distribution and reduce mutual interference.

[0046] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the dotted rectangular parts are the first radiation unit 102 and the third radiation unit 103 respectively, and the dotted lines indicate that the radiation units are located at the lower layer of the printed circuit board.

[0047] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown, there is a rectangular slot between the first reference ground 201 and the second reference ground 202, and the slot can optimize the current signal distribution and reduce mutual interference of signals.

[0048] Exemplarily, the first feeding wire 203 and the second feeding wire 204 are responsible for the transmission of the current signal. The printed circuit board 101, as a substrate, is the basic platform of the entire antenna system and supports each radiation unit.

[0049] Optionally, the extended branch of the first reference ground line 201 is electrically connected to the second radiation unit 104, and the extended branch of the second reference ground line 202 is electrically connected to the fourth radiation unit 105;

[0050] In this implementation, the extended branch of the first reference ground wire 201 is electrically connected to the second radiation unit 104, which is used to ensure that the current passing through the first reference ground 201 can be effectively transmitted to the second radiation unit 104, and the extended branch of the second reference ground wire 202 is electrically connected to the fourth radiation unit 105, which can be used to provide a stable current signal to the fourth radiation unit 105.

[0051] Optionally, the first feeding wire 203 is electrically connected to the first coupling branch 106 on the upper layer of the first radiation unit 102 , and the second feeding wire 204 is electrically connected to the second coupling branch 107 on the upper layer of the third radiation unit 103 .

[0052] In this implementation, the first feed wire 203 is electrically connected to the first coupling branch 106 on the upper layer of the first radiation unit 102, and is used to guide the current signal to the first radiation unit 102 through the coupling branch 106 using the first feed wire 203. The second feed wire 204 transmits the current signal to the third radiation unit 103 through the second coupling branch 107, ensuring that the third radiation unit 103 can effectively radiate the electromagnetic wave generated by the current signal.

[0053] Among them, the coupling branches usually play the role of energy transmission. Through the coupling effect of the coupling branches, the current signal of the feeding wire can be efficiently transmitted to the radiating unit, realizing the proper distribution of the current signal, so that the radiating unit can generate suitable electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the coupling branches expand the working bandwidth of the radiating oscillator and improve the working performance of the antenna.

[0054] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the first coupling branch 106 and the second coupling branch 107 are both rectangular coupling branches.

[0055] Furthermore, the first radiation unit 102 and the second radiation unit 104 are respectively located at the +45° polarization direction of the radiation plane 10, and the third radiation unit 103 and the fourth radiation unit 105 are respectively located at the -45° polarization direction of the radiation plane 10;

[0056] In this implementation, the first radiation unit 102 and the second radiation unit 104 are respectively located at the +45° polarization direction of the radiation plane 10, and transmit signals in the +45° polarization direction. The third radiation unit 103 and the fourth radiation unit 105 are respectively located at the -45° polarization direction of the radiation plane 10, and transmit signals in the -45° polarization direction. Through such a polarization design, the radiation subsystem of the base station antenna can achieve multipath transmission, anti-interference and higher signal quality, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the antenna communication system.

[0057] For example, the +45° polarization direction refers to the direction in which the electric field vector forms an angle of 45° between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, and the -45° polarization direction refers to the direction in which the electric field vector forms an angle of -45° between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane. Using radiation units with different polarization directions can realize bidirectional transmission and signal separation of current signals, and can improve the anti-interference ability of the radiation oscillator system of the base station antenna and the stability of signal transmission.

[0058] Optionally, the first radiation unit 102 , the second radiation unit 104 , the third radiation unit 103 , and the fourth radiation unit 105 are isolated from each other.

[0059] In this implementation, the first radiation unit 102, the second radiation unit 104, the third radiation unit 103, and the fourth radiation unit 105 are isolated from each other, so that each radiation unit can independently and efficiently transmit the current signal, reduce the signal interference between the radiation units, and improve the communication quality and overall performance of the radiation oscillator system of the base station antenna.

[0060] Furthermore, a copper clad layer is provided on the surface of the bottom plate 30 , and the copper clad layer is connected to the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202 .

[0061] In this implementation, a copper layer is provided on the surface of the base plate 30 and connected to the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202, which can ensure the grounding of the radiation oscillator system of the base station antenna, enhance the anti-interference ability, and improve the signal quality.

[0062] Exemplarily, the connection between the first reference ground wire 201 and the second reference ground wire 202 is to provide a stable signal grounding system. The reference ground wire is usually used to provide a zero potential reference for the circuit to ensure that the signals of various parts of the radiating element remain consistent with the ground or reference potential, so that all components and signal paths in the radiating element of the base station antenna have a good grounding path, ensuring that the current performance is not affected, while improving the clarity and performance of the base station antenna signal.

[0063] The radiating element of the base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application comprises a radiating surface, a feeding balun board, and a bottom plate respectively connected to the feeding balun board, wherein the feeding balun board comprises: a first reference ground line, a second reference ground line, a first feeding wire, and a second feeding wire, the radiating surface comprises: a printed circuit board, a first radiating unit and a third radiating unit arranged on the lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiating unit and a fourth radiating unit arranged on the upper layer of the printed circuit board, the extended branch of the first reference ground line is electrically connected to the second radiating unit, the extended branch of the second reference ground line is electrically connected to the fourth radiating unit, the first feeding wire is electrically connected to the first coupling branch on the upper layer of the first radiating unit, and the second feeding wire is electrically connected to the second coupling branch on the upper layer of the third radiating unit. The technical solution effectively reduces the coupling of the feeding wire and improves the signal quality of the base station antenna through precise signal transmission connection between the radiating unit and the feeding balun board, reasonable reference ground line layout and efficient feeding structure design, while ensuring the working efficiency, bandwidth and anti-interference of the base station antenna.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ,in Figure 3 The feeding balun board 20 is one side (that is, the side printed with the reference ground line), Figure 4 The other side (i.e., the side with the feeding wire printed thereon) of the feeding balun board 20 is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the feeding balun board 20 further includes: a dielectric board 205;

[0065] Optionally, the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202 are arranged on one side of the dielectric plate 205 , and the first feeding conductor 203 and the second feeding conductor 204 are arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate 205 .

[0066] In this implementation, the first reference ground wire 201 and the second reference ground wire 202 are respectively arranged on one side of the dielectric plate 205, which helps to improve the current stability of the radiating oscillator and reduce the current noise. Through the distributed reference ground wire layout, the signal interference caused by the ground wire can be effectively reduced, and a stable ground reference potential can be provided. The first feed wire 203 and the second feed wire 204 are arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate 205, which can effectively reduce the electromagnetic interference between the feed wire and the reference ground wire, optimize the transmission path of the current signal, reduce the signal feedback noise and interference, and ensure the stability of the current signal transmission.

[0067] Furthermore, a metalized via 206 is provided between the second reference ground line 202 and a branch extending from the second reference ground line 202 .

[0068] In this implementation, the metallized via 206 is arranged between the second reference ground line 202 and the extended branch of the second reference ground line 202, and is used to transmit the current signal of the second reference ground 202 to the other side of the dielectric board (that is, the side printed with the feeding wire) through the metallized via 206, and then the extended branch of the second reference ground line 202 transmits the current signal to the fourth radiation unit 105.

[0069] The metallized via 206 is a conductive connection element formed by filling a hole of a dielectric plate with a metal material (such as copper), which can connect the second reference ground line 202 and the extended branch of the second reference ground line 202 with current, thereby transmitting the current signal to the fourth radiation unit 105, ensuring good conduction between the second reference ground line 202 and the fourth radiation unit 105.

[0070] Furthermore, a notch is provided between the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202 , and the notch is used to increase the inter-port isolation between the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202 .

[0071] In this implementation, a notch is provided between the first reference ground 201 and the second reference ground 202 to reduce the coupling of the current signal between the two reference ground lines, while increasing the inter-port isolation between the first reference ground line 201 and the second reference ground line 202 .

[0072] Among them, port isolation refers to the degree of current isolation between different ports or signals in circuit design, which can be used for signal ports (such as reference ground wires, signal lines, etc.). The notch can be a rectangular notch, a zigzag notch, a semicircular notch, or a Y-shaped notch, etc.

[0073] Exemplarily, the notch between the first reference ground 201 and the second reference ground 202 is a sawtooth notch (eg Figure 3 as shown).

[0074] Further, the first feed conductor 203 is connected to the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable 40;

[0075] In this implementation, the first feeder wire 203 is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable 40 (for example, by welding, crimping, etc.) to transmit the first signal in the differential signal of the first coaxial cable 40 to the first feeder wire 203, and the first signal is transmitted to the first radiation unit 102 using the extended branch of the first feeder wire 203.

[0076] Optionally, the first reference ground line 201 is connected to the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable 40 .

[0077] In this implementation, the first reference ground line 201 is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable 40 for transmitting the second signal in the differential signal of the first coaxial cable 40 to the first reference ground line 201 , and then the second signal is transmitted to the second radiation unit 104 using the extended branch of the first reference ground line 201 .

[0078] Further, the second feed conductor 204 is connected to the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 50;

[0079] In this implementation, the second feeder conductor 204 is connected to the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 50 to transmit the third signal in the differential signal of the second coaxial cable 50 to the second feeder conductor 204 , and the third signal is transmitted to the third radiation unit 103 using the extended branch of the second feeder conductor 204 .

[0080] Optionally, the second reference ground line 202 is connected to the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable 50 .

[0081] In this implementation, the second reference ground line 202 is connected to the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable 50, and is used to transmit the fourth signal in the differential signal of the second coaxial cable 50 to the second reference ground line 202, and the extended branch of the second reference ground line 202 is used to transmit the fourth signal to the fourth radiation unit 105.

[0082] The radiating oscillator of the base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the feeding balun board in the radiating oscillator also includes: a dielectric board, wherein the first reference ground wire and the second reference ground wire are arranged on one side of the dielectric board, and the first feeding wire and the second feeding wire are arranged on the other side of the dielectric board. The feeding balun board of the technical solution acts on the transmission and radiation of the signal by printing on the layout of the first reference ground wire, the second reference ground wire, the first feeding wire and the second feeding wire, which can effectively optimize the propagation path of the signal and improve the signal quality of the base station antenna.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the radiation surface provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 The back structure diagram of the radiation surface provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first coupling branch 108 is printed on the upper layer of the first radiation element 102 , and the second coupling branch 109 is printed on the upper layer of the third radiation element 103 .

[0084] In this implementation, the first coupling branch 108 is printed on the upper layer of the first radiating element 102, and the signal of the first feed wire 203 is transmitted to the first radiating element 103 through the first coupling branch 108; the second coupling branch 109 is printed on the upper layer of the third radiating element 103, and the signal of the second feed wire 204 is transmitted to the third radiating element 103 through the second coupling branch 109.

[0085] For example, Figure 5 The dotted rectangular lines in the figure are respectively the first radiation unit 102 and the third radiation unit 103 (i.e. Figure 6 The first radiation unit 102 and the third radiation unit 103 in Figure 5 The dotted lines in the figure indicate that the first radiation element 102 and the third radiation element 103 are located in the lower layer of the printed circuit board. The dotted lines in the figure indicate the extension of the feed wire and the reference ground wire.

[0086] Furthermore, the first coupling branch 108 and the second coupling branch 109 are both first-type coupling branches, and the first-type coupling branches are any one of a Y-type coupling branch, a rectangular coupling branch, an L-type coupling branch, and a semicircular coupling branch;

[0087] Among them, the Y-type coupling branch is used to distribute current signals from a signal input source to multiple directions or merge signals from multiple paths. It has good current coupling performance and can provide effective signal transmission and distribution between multiple radiating units; the rectangular coupling branch has a rectangular or rectangular shape, its current performance is relatively simple and easy to design, and can achieve efficient signal coupling and transmission; the semicircular coupling branch is shaped like a semicircle and is often used in applications that require precise adjustment of the coupling degree. Its geometric shape makes the signal coupling characteristics very stable within a specific frequency range, and is suitable for antennas or RF systems that require a specific frequency response.

[0088] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the first coupling branch 108 and the second coupling branch 109 are both Y-type coupling branches.

[0089] Optionally, the first radiation unit 102, the third radiation unit 103, the second radiation unit 104, and the fourth radiation unit 105 all include: a radiation arm and a first type coupling branch.

[0090] In this implementation, the first radiation unit 102 includes a radiation arm 1020 and a first type coupling branch 1021 ( Figure 6 Taking the L-type coupling branch as an example, the second radiation unit 104 includes a radiation arm 1040 and a first type coupling branch 1041 ( Figure 5 Taking the L-type coupling branch as an example), the third radiation unit 103 includes a radiation arm 1030 and a first type coupling branch 1031 ( Figure 6 Taking the L-type coupling branch as an example), the fourth radiation unit 105 includes a radiation arm 1050 and a first type coupling branch 1051 ( Figure 5 Take the L-type coupling branch as an example).

[0091] The radiating arm is responsible for converting the current signal into a radiated wave or receiving a signal from a radiated wave. The length, shape and arrangement of the radiating arm directly affect the operating frequency, radiation pattern and gain of the radiating unit.

[0092] The radiating element of the base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has a first coupling branch printed on the upper layer of the first radiating unit, and a second coupling branch printed on the upper layer of the third radiating unit. The technical solution achieves the technical effect of optimizing the radiating element performance of the base station antenna and improving the signal quality of the antenna by connecting the first coupling branch and the second coupling branch to different radiating units respectively.

[0093] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ,like Figure 7 As shown, the working principle of the radiation oscillator is specifically introduced:

[0094] The inner conductor of the first coaxial cable 40 is connected to the first feeding wire 203. The signal input end of the first coaxial cable 40 transmits the first signal in the current signal (i.e., the differential current signal) to the first feeding wire 203 through the inner conductor. The first feeding wire 203 extends through the branch ( Figure 7 The first signal is input into the first coupling branch 108 (at the dotted line in the middle circle), and then the first coupling branch 108 couples the first signal to the first radiation unit 102 located at the lower layer of the printed circuit board.

[0095] The outer conductor of the first coaxial cable 40 is connected to the first reference ground line 201. The signal input end of the first coaxial cable 40 transmits the second signal in the current signal (i.e., the differential current signal) to the first reference ground line 201 through the outer conductor. The first reference ground line 201 inputs the second signal to the second radiation unit 104 by extending branches.

[0096] The current signals of the first radiation unit 102 and the second radiation unit 104 have opposite directions and opposite phases, thereby achieving the feeding of the +45° polarized radiation radiator.

[0097] The inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 50 is connected to the second feeding wire 204. The signal input end of the second coaxial cable 50 transmits the third signal in the current signal to the second feeding wire 204 through the inner conductor. The second feeding wire 204 extends through the branch ( Figure 7 The first signal is input into the second coupling branch 109 (at the dotted line in the middle circle), and then the second coupling branch 109 couples the third signal to the third radiation unit 103 located at the lower layer of the printed circuit board.

[0098] The outer conductor of the second coaxial cable 50 is connected to the second reference ground line 202. The signal input end of the second coaxial cable 50 transmits the fourth signal in the current signal to the second reference ground line 202 through the outer conductor. The second reference ground line 202 transmits the second signal to the other side of the dielectric board 205 through the metallized via 206, and inputs the second signal to the fourth radiation unit 105 through the extended branch of the second reference ground 202.

[0099] The current signals of the third radiation unit 103 and the fourth radiation unit 105 have opposite directions and opposite phases, thereby achieving the feeding of the -45° polarized radiation radiator.

[0100] The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0101] It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A radiating element applied to a base station antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiating surface, a feeding balun board, and a bottom plate connected to the feeding balun board; The feeding balun board includes: a first reference ground line, a second reference ground line, a first feeding wire, and a second feeding wire; The radiation surface comprises: a printed circuit board, a first radiation unit and a third radiation unit arranged at a lower layer of the printed circuit board, and a second radiation unit and a fourth radiation unit arranged at an upper layer of the printed circuit board; The extended branch of the first reference ground wire is electrically connected to the second radiation unit, and the extended branch of the second reference ground wire is electrically connected to the fourth radiation unit; The first feeding wire is electrically connected to a first coupling branch on an upper layer of the first radiation unit, and the second feeding wire is electrically connected to a second coupling branch on an upper layer of the third radiation unit.

2. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding balun board also includes: a dielectric board; The first reference ground line and the second reference ground line are arranged on one side of the dielectric plate, and the first feeding conductor and the second feeding conductor are arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate.

3. The radiation vibrator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A metalized via is provided between the second reference ground line and a protruding branch of the second reference ground line.

4. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coupling branch is printed on an upper layer of the first radiation unit, and the second coupling branch is printed on an upper layer of the third radiation unit.

5. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A notch is provided between the first reference ground line and the second reference ground line, and the notch is used to increase the inter-port isolation between the first reference ground line and the second reference ground line.

6. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper clad layer is provided on the surface of the bottom plate, and the copper clad layer is connected to the first reference ground wire and the second reference ground wire.

7. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are respectively located at a +45° polarization direction of the radiation plane, and the third radiation unit and the fourth radiation unit are respectively located at a -45° polarization direction of the radiation plane; The first radiation unit, the second radiation unit, the third radiation unit, and the fourth radiation unit are isolated from each other.

8. The radiation vibrator according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The first feed wire is connected to the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable; The first reference ground line is connected to the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable.

9. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1-7, characterized in that: The second feed wire is connected to the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable; The second reference ground line is connected to the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable.

10. The radiation vibrator according to claim 1-7, characterized in that: The first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are both first-type coupling branches, and the first-type coupling branch is any one of a Y-type coupling branch, a rectangular coupling branch, an L-type coupling branch, and a semicircular coupling branch; The first radiation unit, the third radiation unit, the second radiation unit, and the fourth radiation unit all include: a radiation arm and the first type coupling branch.

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