The invention discloses a negative curvature terahertz
optical fiber supporting 52 orbital
angular momentum modes. The negative curvature terahertz
optical fiber comprises a
polymer coating layer, an outer oval cladding tube region, an annular cladding tube, an inner oval cladding tube region and a
fiber core region, wherein the outer elliptical cladding tube region consists of 12
polymer unit structures which are annularly arranged; the inner elliptical cladding tube region consists of 18
polymer unit structures which are annularly arranged; and the inner elliptical cladding
unit structure and the outer elliptical cladding
unit structure are respectively connected with the annular cladding tube
unit structure to form a cladding tube region of the
optical fiber structure. According to the optical
fiber, an orbital
angular momentum (OAM) mode with relatively high purity can be generated, and a plurality of channels can be formed during communication in an annular region. The
orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology is applied to terahertz wave communication, the
channel capacity of a communication
system is improved, meanwhile, the information has higher safety in the transmission process, and the terahertz wave communication
system has the advantages of being low in loss, large in communication capacity and the like.