The invention discloses an emergency communication host with internal and external communication functions. The emergency communication host comprises a host case, a talkback button, a talkback handle, a power circuit, a host internal and external communication circuit and a talkback handle communication circuit, wherein the power circuit comprises a rechargeable battery, an isolated single-end flyback switching power buck circuit, a power switching circuit, a battery charging circuit, a battery protection circuit, a battery voltage detection circuit, a non-isolated Boost circuit, a linear voltage stabilizing circuit and an extension voltage supply control circuit; the host internal and external communication circuit comprises a GSM module, an SIM card seat, a GSM antenna, a watchdog circuit, a reset circuit, a voice signal processing circuit, a distress signal detection circuit, a handle on-hook detection button circuit, a buzzer circuit, a low battery capacity indication circuit and a GSM network signal indication circuit. The host is convenient to install and use, high in voice response speed, high in communication quality, high in working reliability and capable of realizing 24-hour emergency calls.