Distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system and method of wave glider

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system of a wave glider, which comprises photovoltaic panels, a charging end switch box, a photovoltaic controller, a storage battery, a storage battery management unit and a charging control circuit, and is characterized in that each photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with one photovoltaic charging port through the charging end switch box; each photovoltaic charging port is electrically connected with one photovoltaic controller, each photovoltaic controller is electrically connected with one battery pack, one charging control circuit is arranged between every two battery packs, each battery pack is electrically connected with one storage battery management unit, the charging control circuit is electrically connected with a wave glider master controller, and the wave glider master controller is electrically connected with the wave glider master controller. The wave glider master controller is electrically connected with the battery pack and the storage battery management unit. Multi-voltage photovoltaic charging is achieved through distributed cooperative control of the photovoltaic panels, multi-voltage output of integral multiples of 12V voltage is achieved in combination with cooperative control of multiple sets of storage batteries, and the external discharging capacity of the wave glider is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic multi-power output, and in particular to a distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system and method for a wave glider. Background Art

[0002] The wave glider is a new type of marine mobile observation platform that uses wave power for propulsion and solar power generation to supply electricity for instrument communication, control, positioning, navigation and sensors. The only source of electricity is the photovoltaic panels installed on the wave glider, which convert solar power into electricity. However, due to the limited area of ​​photovoltaic panels that can be carried on the wave glider, the number of photovoltaic panels that the wave glider can carry is small, resulting in a weak external power supply capacity of the wave glider, and also making it impossible for many high-voltage and high-power loads to be carried and applied on the wave glider. Wave gliders are usually equipped with two or three photovoltaic panels of the same size and the same power generation capacity, and are equipped with a group of lithium batteries for power storage and external discharge. The several photovoltaic panels installed on the wave glider are usually connected in parallel to provide power to the battery to make up for the disadvantages of low power generation efficiency and slow charging speed of a single photovoltaic panel.

[0003] Wave gliders can usually only provide one voltage for external discharge, and the external power is relatively low. For outputs of different voltages, DC buck or boost modules are usually required for voltage conversion. However, both DC buck and DC boost will result in large power loss, especially DC boost. For wave gliders, which are long-endurance ocean observation platforms that rely on a small number of photovoltaic panels for power generation, efficient use of electricity is the basis for ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of wave gliders. However, with the expansion of the application field of wave gliders and the installation of more and more new observation equipment, the technical demand for higher voltages is also increasing. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distributed photovoltaic multi-electricity output system and method for a wave glider.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a distributed photovoltaic multi-electric output system for a wave glider, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic panels, a charging end switch box, a photovoltaic controller, a battery, a battery management unit and a charging control circuit, each of the photovoltaic panels is electrically connected to a photovoltaic charging port through the charging end switch box, each photovoltaic charging port is electrically connected to a photovoltaic controller, each photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to a battery pack, a charging control circuit is arranged between each of the battery packs, each of the battery packs is electrically connected to a battery management unit, the charging control circuit is electrically connected to a wave glider main control, the wave glider main control is electrically connected to the battery pack and the battery management unit, and the series-parallel circuit of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by changing the switch state of the charging end switch box to achieve photovoltaic charging of different voltages.

[0006] In the present invention, preferably, at least three groups of photovoltaic panels are arranged, a diode is connected in series between the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic panels, the charging end switch box comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch and a double-pole single-throw switch, the fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of the first photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the third photovoltaic panel, the two fixed ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, and the two movable ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the third photovoltaic panel.

[0007] In the present invention, preferably, the photovoltaic panels are all set to have a nominal voltage of 12V, and the positive and negative electrodes of the three photovoltaic panels are externally connected to the 12V photovoltaic controller through a 12V photovoltaic charging port, and the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to the wave glider main control through the enable end of the charging control circuit to ensure that the wave glider main control is not out of power.

[0008] In the present invention, preferably, the nominal voltages of the battery packs are 12V and 24V respectively, and a 24V to 12V charging control circuit is arranged between the two battery packs, and when the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0009] In the present invention, preferably, the 36V photovoltaic controller is externally connected to a battery pack nominally 36V through a reserved port, and a 36V to 12V charging control circuit is arranged between the 36V battery pack and the 12V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0010] In the present invention, preferably, the 36V photovoltaic controller is externally connected to a battery pack nominally 36V through a reserved port, and a 36V to 24V charging control circuit is arranged between the 36V battery pack and the 24V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 24V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 24V battery pack.

[0011] In the present invention, preferably, a single-pole single-throw switch is connected in series between the positive electrode of the 12V battery pack and the negative electrode of the 24V battery pack or between the negative electrode of the 12V battery pack and the positive electrode of the 24V battery pack, and the input end of the 12V battery pack is connected to the output end of the 12V photovoltaic controller.

[0012] In the present invention, preferably, a diode is connected in series to the positive electrode of the 24V photovoltaic charging port.

[0013] In the present invention, preferably, a diode is connected in series to the positive electrode of the 36V photovoltaic charging port.

[0014] A distributed photovoltaic multi-electric output method for a wave glider, using the above power transmission system, comprises:

[0015] When the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than 13V through the BMS of the 12V battery pack, the charging current is monitored at the same time. When the charging current is greater than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel;

[0016] When the charging current is less than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel while the BMS of the 24V battery pack monitors the voltage and power of the 24V battery pack. When the voltage of the 24V battery pack is greater than 24V and the power is greater than zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0017] When the charging current monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is directly charged to the 12V battery pack;

[0018] When the voltage of the 12V battery pack monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is higher than 14V, the charging of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack is stopped.

[0019] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: a single-pole single-throw switch K4 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the 12V battery pack and the negative electrode of the 24V battery pack, or a single-pole single-throw switch is connected in series between the negative electrode of the 12V battery pack and the positive electrode of the 24V battery pack, so as to realize the boosting and external release of electric energy without losing electric energy, and thus realize the external discharge of 36V. If a nominal 36V battery pack is connected to the port of the 36V photovoltaic controller, the output of multiple voltages including 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V and 72V, which are integer multiples of the 12V voltage, can be realized through different series-parallel modes at the battery end. Without adding additional battery packs with different nominal voltages, the lossless boosting and external release of electric energy can be realized by changing the centralized control mode of the series-parallel connection of the battery pack; the distributed cooperative control of the photovoltaic panel realizes the photovoltaic charging of multiple voltages, and the cooperative control of multiple groups of storage batteries is combined to realize the output of multiple voltages, which greatly improves the external discharge capacity of the wave glider. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distributed photovoltaic multi-electric output system of a wave glider of the present invention;

[0022] In the figure: K1, the first single-pole double-throw switch; K2, the second single-pole double-throw switch; K3, the double-pole single-throw switch; K4, the single-pole single-throw switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0026] The present invention is exemplified by three nominal 12V50W photovoltaic panels and two groups of batteries. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic multi-electric output system for a wave glider, including a plurality of photovoltaic panels, a charging end switch box, a photovoltaic controller, a battery, a battery management unit and a charging control circuit, each of the photovoltaic panels is electrically connected to a photovoltaic charging port through the charging end switch box, each photovoltaic charging port is electrically connected to a photovoltaic controller, each photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to a battery pack, a charging control circuit is arranged between each battery pack, each battery pack is electrically connected to a battery management unit, the charging control circuit is electrically connected to a wave glider main control, the wave glider main control is electrically connected to the battery pack and the battery management unit, and the series-parallel circuit of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by changing the switch state of the charging end switch box, so as to realize photovoltaic charging of different voltages. Three photovoltaic panels with the same size and power generation parameters and a nominal voltage of 12V, each photovoltaic panel has a diode connected in series between the positive and negative poles to ensure that the current can only flow from the negative pole of the photovoltaic panel to the positive pole. The charging end switch box includes a single-pole double-throw switch K1, a single-pole double-throw switch K2 and a double-pole single-throw switch K3. By changing the switch state in the charging end switch box, the series-parallel combination of photovoltaic panels 1, photovoltaic panels 2 and photovoltaic panels 3 can be adjusted, thereby realizing photovoltaic charging of different voltages of 12V, 24V and 36V. Regardless of the connection method, photovoltaic panel 3 is directly connected to the 12V photovoltaic controller and is not affected by the charging end switch box, ensuring that the battery of the wave glider main control system continuously obtains power supply.

[0027] In the present embodiment, further, at least three groups of photovoltaic panels are arranged, a diode is connected in series between the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic panels, the charging end switch box comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch and a double-pole single-throw switch, the fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of one photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the third photovoltaic panel, the two fixed ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, and the two movable ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrodes of the three photovoltaic panels.

[0028] In this embodiment, further, the photovoltaic panels are all set to be photovoltaic panels with a nominal voltage of 12V, and the positive and negative electrodes of the three photovoltaic panels are externally connected to a 12V photovoltaic controller through a 12V photovoltaic charging port, and the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to the wave glider main control through the enable end of the charging control circuit to ensure that the wave glider main control is not out of power.

[0029] In this embodiment, further, the nominal voltages of the two battery packs are 12V and 24V respectively, and each battery pack is equipped with a separate battery management unit (BMS) for monitoring parameters such as battery voltage, charge and discharge current, power and temperature, and has a short-circuit protection function. A charging control circuit from the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack is set between the two battery packs. The charging control circuit is normally in a closed state to save energy. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0030] In this embodiment, further, the 36V photovoltaic controller is externally connected to a battery pack nominally 36V through a reserved port, and a 36V to 12V charging control circuit is arranged between the 36V battery pack and the 12V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0031] In this embodiment, further, the 36V photovoltaic controller is externally connected to a battery pack nominally 36V through a reserved port, and a 36V to 24V charging control circuit is arranged between the 36V battery pack and the 24V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 24V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 24V battery pack.

[0032] In this embodiment, further, a single-pole single-throw switch is connected in series between the positive pole of the 12V battery pack and the negative pole of the 24V battery pack, or a single-pole single-throw switch is connected in series between the negative pole of the 12V battery pack and the positive pole of the 24V battery pack, and the input end of the 12V battery pack is connected to the output end of the 12V photovoltaic controller, so that the voltage boost and external release of electric energy can be achieved without losing electric energy, and 36V external discharge can be achieved. If a nominal 36V battery pack is connected to the port of the 36V photovoltaic controller, different voltage outputs such as 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V and 72V can be achieved through different series-parallel modes of the battery end. Without adding additional battery packs with different nominal voltages, lossless voltage boost and external release of electric energy can be achieved by changing the centralized control mode of the series-parallel connection of the battery pack.

[0033] In this embodiment, further, a diode is connected in series to the positive electrode of the 24V photovoltaic charging port.

[0034] In this embodiment, further, a diode is connected in series to the positive electrode of the 36V photovoltaic charging port.

[0035] A distributed photovoltaic multi-electric output method for a wave glider, using the above power transmission system, comprises:

[0036] When the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than 13V through the BMS of the 12V battery pack, the charging current is monitored at the same time. When the charging current is greater than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel;

[0037] When the charging current is less than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel while the BMS of the 24V battery pack monitors the voltage and power of the 24V battery pack. When the voltage of the 24V battery pack is greater than 24V and the power is greater than zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

[0038] When the charging current monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is directly charged to the 12V battery pack;

[0039] When the voltage of the 12V battery pack monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is higher than 14V, the charging of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack is stopped.

[0040] The working principle and working process of the present invention are as follows: The implementation process of the charging end switch box voltage change

[0041] (1) The fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and its first movable end K11 are closed, the fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 and its first movable end K21 are closed, and the double-pole single-throw switch K3 is closed, so that the three battery panels are connected in series to form a 12V battery pack for high-power fast charging.

[0042] The three 12V photovoltaic panels are in parallel, and the voltages of the 12V charging port, 24V charging port and 36V charging port are all 12V. The 24V charging port and 36V charging port are connected to the 24V battery pack and 36V battery pack respectively. The battery pack voltage is higher than the photovoltaic charging port voltage, and the battery pack cannot be charged. At the same time, the diodes connected in series at the positive ends of the 24V charging port and the 36V charging port can ensure that the high-voltage battery pack will not be reversely charged by the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, at this time, only the 12V photovoltaic charging port can output voltage normally, and the three photovoltaic panels are connected in parallel to quickly charge the 12V battery pack through the 12V photovoltaic controller.

[0043] (2) When the fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and its second movable end K12 are closed, the fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 and its second movable end K22 are closed, and the double-pole single-throw switch K3 is disconnected, 24V and 12V are charged separately, and a 36V charging port is reserved.

[0044] The three 12V photovoltaic panels are connected in series. At this time, the negative pole of the 12V photovoltaic charging port is connected to the negative pole of photovoltaic panel 3, and the positive pole of the 12V photovoltaic charging port is connected to the positive pole of photovoltaic panel 3. The 12V photovoltaic charging port outputs a 12V charging voltage, and photovoltaic panel 3 charges the 12V battery pack through the 12V photovoltaic controller.

[0045] The negative pole of the 24V photovoltaic charging port is connected to the negative pole of photovoltaic panel 2, and the positive pole of the 24V photovoltaic charging port is connected to the positive pole of photovoltaic panel 1. The 24V photovoltaic charging port outputs a 24V charging voltage, and photovoltaic panel 1 and photovoltaic panel 2 are connected in series to charge the 24V battery pack through a 24V photovoltaic controller;

[0046] The negative pole of the 36V charging port is connected to the negative pole of photovoltaic panel 3, and the positive pole of the 36V charging port is connected to the positive pole of photovoltaic panel 1. The 36V photovoltaic charging port outputs a charging voltage of 36V, which is connected in series by photovoltaic panel 1, photovoltaic panel 2 and photovoltaic panel 3. The reserved 36V battery pack can be charged through the 36V photovoltaic controller;

[0047] Multi-electric coordination process:

[0048] (1) Regardless of the state of the switch in the charging end switch box, the photovoltaic panel 3 is directly connected to the 12V photovoltaic controller, and the 12V photovoltaic controller is directly connected to the 12V battery pack. Regardless of the state of the single-pole single-throw switch K4, the 12V battery pack is directly connected to the wave glider main control. In other words, no matter what series and parallel connection mode the photovoltaic panels are in, the 12V battery pack will be continuously charged by at least one photovoltaic panel, and no matter what series and parallel connection mode the multiple battery packs are in, the 12V battery pack will continue to power the wave glider main control;

[0049] (2) For a nominal 12V lithium battery pack, the maximum voltage is usually 16.8V, and the discharge range is usually 16.8V-12V, that is, the maximum discharge voltage is 16.8V, and the minimum discharge voltage is usually 12V. In order to ensure that the main control system of the wave glider will not be powered off due to the loss of power in the battery pack, it is usually necessary to quickly replenish the power when the voltage of the battery pack drops to close to 12V. Set the charging range of the 12V battery pack with a minimum voltage of not less than 13V and a maximum voltage of not more than 14V, start the 24V to 12V charging control circuit, and transfer the power of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack.

[0050] Specific process:

[0051] 1) The voltage and charging current of the 12V battery pack are monitored through the BMS of the 12V battery pack. When the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than 13V, the emergency charging mechanism of the 12V battery pack is started;

[0052] 2) The BMS of the 12V battery pack monitors the photovoltaic charging current. If the photovoltaic charging current is greater than 1A (the power consumption current of a conventional wave glider is less than 1A, and if the charging current is greater than 1A, the charging power of the photovoltaic panel is greater than the discharging power), it means that the sunlight meets the charging conditions. The switch logic in the charging end switch box is adjusted to connect the three photovoltaic panels in parallel to form a 12V battery pack for fast charging.

[0053] 3) Monitor the photovoltaic charging current through the BMS of the 12V battery pack. If the photovoltaic charging current is less than 1A (the power consumption current of a conventional wave glider is less than 1A. If the charging current is greater than 1A, the charging power of the photovoltaic panel is less than the discharging power), it means that the sunlight meets the charging conditions at this time, but the charging capacity is weak. Adjust the switch logic in the charging end switch box to connect the three photovoltaic panels in parallel to form a 12V battery pack for fast charging. At the same time, monitor the voltage and power of the 24V battery pack through the BMS of the 24V battery pack. As long as the 24V battery pack meets the discharge conditions, that is, the voltage is higher than 24V and the power is greater than zero, connect the charging control circuit of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack, and transfer the power in the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack;

[0054] 4) The BMS of the 12V battery pack monitors the photovoltaic charging current. If the photovoltaic charging current is zero, it means that the wave glider is in a dark state and does not meet the photovoltaic charging conditions. The switch box at the charging end maintains the original state without any adjustment, and directly connects the charging control circuit of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack to transfer the power in the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack;

[0055] 5) When the voltage of the 12V battery pack is higher than 14V through the BMS monitoring of the 12V battery pack, the emergency charging of the 12V battery pack is stopped, the charging end switch box is restored to the initial state, and the charging control circuit from the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack is disconnected.

[0056] Take the 12V and 24V dual battery pack as an example. A single-pole single-throw switch K4 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the 12V battery pack and the negative electrode of the 24V battery pack (or a single-pole single-throw switch can be connected in series between the negative electrode of the 12V battery pack and the positive electrode of the 24V battery pack), so that the voltage of the electric energy can be increased and released without losing electric energy, and 36V external discharge can be achieved.

[0057] In conventional applications, the 12V battery pack and the 24V battery pack are independent of each other. The 12V battery is usually used to power the main control of the wave glider and also to power some low-power loads. The 24V battery pack is specifically used to power the load and provide power supply higher than the standard voltage of the wave glider. When the wave glider needs to be boosted and discharged externally, the switch K4 is closed, and the 12V battery and the 24V battery pack are connected in series, so that 36V external discharge can be achieved, and there is almost no power loss except for a very small part of the line loss during the boost process. In addition, if a 36V battery pack is connected to the reserved port of 36V according to the method of the present invention, different voltage outputs such as 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V and 72V can be achieved through the series combination of different battery packs. On the basis of not changing the overall structure of the wave glider, the output of different voltages can be achieved, and almost no power loss is generated. In addition, when a 36V battery pack is connected to the 36V reserved port, the power of the 36V battery pack can be quickly transferred to the 24V battery pack or the 12V battery pack, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0058] The distributed photovoltaic system of the present invention can realize multi-voltage photovoltaic charging by adjusting the connection mode of photovoltaic panels without changing the number of photovoltaic panels of the wave glider, and ensure that the battery pack used for the main control of the wave glider is always supplied with power; multi-electric coordination can realize multi-voltage output more than the number of battery packs by connecting different battery packs on the basis of not changing the overall structure of the wave glider, and almost no power loss. The charging control between battery packs can realize the rapid exchange of batteries between multiple battery packs, and maximize the guarantee of continuous and uninterrupted power supply for the main control of the wave glider.

[0059] In photovoltaic power generation systems, diodes are a key component in photovoltaic junction boxes. Diodes are semiconductor devices with unidirectional conductivity and are also a key component in photovoltaic junction boxes in photovoltaic power generation systems. Their functions mainly include the following aspects:

[0060] 1. Protect the battery panel

[0061] Diodes can be used to protect solar panels. When an abnormality occurs in the solar panel, they can quickly cut off the circuit to avoid damage to the solar panel.

[0062] 2. Prevent backflow

[0063] During operation, reverse current may occur. Diodes can greatly reduce or prevent the occurrence of such reverse current.

[0064] 3. Improve energy output efficiency

[0065] In photovoltaic power generation systems, diodes can also improve energy output efficiency and reduce unnecessary losses and consumption by shunting current.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave gliders, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of photovoltaic panels, a charging end switch box, a photovoltaic controller, a battery, a battery management unit and a charging control circuit. Each photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to a photovoltaic charging port through the charging end switch box, each photovoltaic charging port is electrically connected to a photovoltaic controller, each photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to a battery pack, a charging control circuit is arranged between each battery pack, each battery pack is electrically connected to a battery management unit, the charging control circuit is electrically connected to a wave glider main control, the wave glider main control is electrically connected to the battery pack and the battery management unit, and the series-parallel circuit of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by changing the switch state of the charging end switch box, thereby realizing photovoltaic charging of different voltages.

2. A distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for a wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three groups of photovoltaic panels are arranged, and a diode is connected in series between the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic panels. The charging end switch box includes a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch and a double-pole single-throw switch. The fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of the first photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, the first movable end and the second movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the negative electrode of the third photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the third photovoltaic panel, the two fixed ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first photovoltaic panel and the positive electrode of the second photovoltaic panel, and the two movable ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the third photovoltaic panel.

3. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic panels are all set to have a nominal voltage of 12V, and the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic panels are externally connected to the 12V photovoltaic controller through a 12V photovoltaic charging port, and the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to the wave glider main control through the enable end of the charging control circuit to ensure that the wave glider main control is not out of power.

4. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nominal voltages of the battery packs are 12V and 24V respectively. A 24V to 12V charging control circuit is set between the two battery packs. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

5. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 36V photovoltaic controller is connected to a nominally 36V battery pack through a reserved port, and a 36V to 12V charging control circuit is set between the 36V battery pack and the 12V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than a set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack.

6. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 36V photovoltaic controller is connected to a nominally 36V battery pack through a reserved port, and a 36V to 24V charging control circuit is set between the 36V battery pack and the 24V battery pack. When the BMS monitors that the voltage of the 24V battery pack is lower than the set threshold, the power of the 36V battery pack is charged to the 24V battery pack.

7. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single-pole single-throw switch is connected in series between the positive electrode of the 12V battery pack and the negative electrode of the 24V battery pack or between the negative electrode of the 12V battery pack and the positive electrode of the 24V battery pack, and the input end of the 12V battery pack is connected to the output end of the 12V photovoltaic controller.

8. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diode is connected in series to the positive pole of the 24V photovoltaic charging port.

9. The distributed photovoltaic multi-power output system for wave glider according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diode is connected in series to the positive pole of the 36V photovoltaic charging port.

10. A distributed photovoltaic multi-power output method for a wave glider, using the power transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: When the voltage of the 12V battery pack is lower than 13V through the BMS of the 12V battery pack, the charging current is monitored at the same time. When the charging current is greater than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel; When the charging current is less than 1A, the 12V battery pack is charged through the parallel photovoltaic panel while the BMS of the 24V battery pack monitors the voltage and power of the 24V battery pack. When the voltage of the 24V battery pack is greater than 24V and the power is greater than zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is charged to the 12V battery pack. When the charging current monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is zero, the power of the 24V battery pack is directly charged to the 12V battery pack; When the voltage of the 12V battery pack monitored by the BMS of the 12V battery pack is higher than 14V, charging the power of the 24V battery pack to the 12V battery pack is stopped.

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