Permanent magnet motor for new energy automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and discloses a permanent magnet motor for a new energy automobile, which comprises a shell, a junction box arranged at the top of the shell, a switching mechanism arranged in the shell, and a heat exchange mechanism arranged on one side, far away from a driving mechanism, of the shell, the switching mechanism is used for switching the working mode of the motor, and the heat exchange mechanism is used for performing targeted heat dissipation on internal parts of the motor; the switching mechanism comprises a stator arranged on the side, close to the junction box, in the shell, a winding arranged on the inner side of the stator, a shaft hole formed in the side, close to the stator, of the shell, an output shaft arranged on the inner side of the shaft hole, and a driving unit arranged on the side, close to the shaft hole, of the output shaft. By arranging the switching mechanism, the motor can move the permanent magnets out of the winding range in the operation process, so that generation of reverse electromotive force is reduced, and the switching mechanism is matched with the heat exchange mechanism to cool the permanent magnets exiting from the winding, and it is ensured that the temperature of the permanent magnets is kept within a proper range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, and in particular to a permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet motor is an electric motor that uses permanent magnets to generate a magnetic field. It has high efficiency, high power density, and excellent dynamic response characteristics. Its core components include a stator, a rotor, and a permanent magnet. When the stator winding is energized, a rotating magnetic field is generated, which interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the rotor to drive the rotor to rotate. In the new energy vehicle industry, permanent magnet motors are widely used in drive systems. As the core power source of electric vehicles, permanent magnet motors can provide high torque output and a wide speed range to meet the needs of vehicle starting, acceleration, and climbing. Its high efficiency helps to extend the battery life, while its low noise and low vibration characteristics improve driving comfort. At present, most pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles use permanent magnet motors as drive motors.

[0003] Traditional permanent magnet motors are widely used in the new energy vehicle industry, but due to the limitations of their structure and working principle, there are often some problems that cannot be ignored. There are two main problems with existing permanent magnet motors during use: increased back electromotive force and difficulty in dissipating heat from permanent magnets. First, when the motor runs at high speed, the permanent magnets on the rotor cut the stator magnetic field to generate a back electromotive force, the magnitude of which is proportional to the speed. As the speed increases, the back electromotive force will increase significantly, causing the motor terminal voltage to rise, which may exceed the power supply voltage, thereby limiting the maximum speed and power output of the motor. This problem is particularly prominent when electric vehicles are driving at high speed or require a wide range of speed regulation, which limits the dynamic performance and application range of the motor. Secondly, permanent magnets are usually embedded in the rotor, and it is difficult to directly dissipate heat effectively due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor. Permanent magnets are prone to demagnetization in high temperature environments, resulting in motor performance degradation or even failure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art that the high-speed rotation of the permanent magnet in the winding causes an increase in reverse electromotive force, and the problem that the permanent magnet cannot be cooled, a permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles is proposed.

[0005] The purpose is to reduce the generation of electromotive force by moving the permanent magnet and to dissipate heat from the permanent magnet to maintain the performance of the permanent magnet.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles, comprising a housing, a junction box arranged on the top of the housing, a switching mechanism arranged inside the housing, and a heat exchange mechanism arranged on a side of the housing away from a driving mechanism; The switching mechanism is used to switch the working mode of the motor, and the heat exchange mechanism is used to dissipate heat specifically for the internal parts of the motor; The switching mechanism includes a stator arranged inside the shell near the terminal box, a winding arranged inside the stator, an axial hole opened on the shell near the stator, an output shaft arranged inside the axial hole, a driving unit arranged on the output shaft near the axial hole, and a transverse movement unit arranged on the output shaft near the drive unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a rotor arranged on a side of the output shaft close to the shaft hole, and four magnetic barrier holes in an annular array opened on a side of the rotor close to the shaft hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the rotor matches the thickness of the stator, and the shape of the magnetic barrier hole is arc-shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, the transverse movement unit includes four annular arrays of slots opened on the outside of the rotor, a slot opened on the side of the slot close to the output shaft, four annular arrays of slide grooves opened in the middle of the output shaft, a sleeve sleeved in the middle of the output shaft, a through hole opened on the side of the sleeve close to the rotor, four annular arrays of sliders arranged on the inner wall of the through hole, a sliding connection between the outer side of the slider and the slide groove, four annular arrays of support rods arranged on the side of the sleeve close to the rotor, a clip arranged on the side of the support rod away from the output shaft, a fixing sleeve arranged on the side of the clip away from the output shaft, a accommodating chamber opened on the side of the fixing sleeve close to the rotor, a permanent magnet arranged inside the accommodating chamber, a bracket arranged on the top of the inner wall of the shell, an inner hole opened at the bottom of the bracket, and a coil arranged inside the bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, the shape of the slot matches that of the fixing sleeve, the shape of the card strip matches that of the card slot, the length of the permanent magnet is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity, and the shape of the permanent magnet is the same as that of the accommodating cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole matches the outer diameter of the output shaft, and the diameter of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat exchange mechanism includes a cover plate arranged on the side of the shell away from the stator, a plurality of fins arranged in the middle of the cover plate, a fixing ring arranged on the inner wall of the shell close to the cover plate, a cylinder arranged on the side of the fixing ring away from the cover plate, a plurality of ventilation holes in an annular array opened on the side of the cylinder away from the fixing ring, the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the output shaft, and a rotating unit arranged on the side of the output shaft close to the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating unit includes a plurality of spokes in an annular array arranged on the output shaft near the cylinder, a connecting ring arranged together on a side of the plurality of spokes away from the output shaft, and a plurality of blades in an annular array arranged outside the connecting ring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the switching mechanism set up, the motor can move the permanent magnet out of the winding range during operation, thereby reducing the generation of back electromotive force. This design enables the motor to switch between reluctance synchronous mode and permanent magnet synchronous mode. When running at high speed, the permanent magnet exits the winding range, and the motor mainly relies on reluctance torque to work, reducing the limitation of back electromotive force on performance and expanding the speed regulation range of the motor. At low speed or when high torque output is required, the permanent magnet re-enters the winding range, and the motor switches to permanent magnet synchronous mode, using the magnetic field provided by the permanent magnet to enhance torque output and efficiency. This mode switching mechanism enables the motor to perform at its best under different working conditions, taking into account the needs of low-speed high torque and high-speed and efficient operation. Through flexible switching, the motor can adapt to a wider range of application scenarios, while reducing the risk of demagnetization of permanent magnets when running at high speed, and improving the reliability and service life of the system.

[0015] 2. Through the provided heat exchange mechanism, the permanent magnets exiting the winding can be cooled to ensure that their temperature remains within an appropriate range. When the permanent magnets exit the winding range, the heat exchange mechanism transfers the heat generated by the permanent magnets to the external environment. This design avoids demagnetization of the permanent magnets due to excessive temperature under high-speed operation or high-load conditions, thereby maintaining the performance and reliability of the motor and ensuring that it can be at a stable operating temperature under different working conditions. In this way, the permanent magnets can be cooled in time after exiting the winding, providing temperature protection for the motor to switch between reluctance synchronous mode and permanent magnet synchronous mode. This heat dissipation design not only extends the service life of the permanent magnets, but also improves the adaptability of the motor under complex working conditions, providing support for the development of high-performance motors.

[0016] 3. Through the setting of the rotating unit, the torque of the motor output shaft can be directly converted into the power to drive the blades to rotate. This design makes full use of the mechanical energy generated during the operation of the motor and avoids the addition of additional power sources, thereby saving energy and simplifying the system structure. This integrated design reduces the loss during energy transfer and improves the overall efficiency. In this way, the motor can complete the main driving function while taking into account the task of blade driving, realizing multiple uses of one machine and reducing equipment complexity and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the housing and the cover plate of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stator and the winding of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the output shaft and the rotor of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the shaft sleeve and the output shaft of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the shaft sleeve and the support rod of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bracket of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the output shaft and the spokes of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the housing and the fixing ring of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Junction box; 3. Switching mechanism; 4. Heat exchange mechanism; 31. Stator; 32. Winding; 33. Shaft hole; 34. Output shaft; 35. Rotor; 36. Magnetic barrier hole; 37. Slot; 38. Slot; 39. Slide; 310. Bushing; 311. Through hole; 312. Slider; 313. Support rod; 314. Clip; 315. Fixing sleeve; 316. Accommodating cavity; 317. Permanent magnet; 318. Bracket; 319. Inner hole; 320. Coil; 41. Cover plate; 42. Fin; 43. Fixing ring; 44. Cylinder; 45. Ventilation hole; 46. Spoke; 47. Connecting ring; 48. Blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1, reference Figure 1-Figure 10 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles, including a shell 1, a terminal box 2 fixedly connected to the top of the shell 1, a switching mechanism 3 installed inside the shell 1, and a heat exchange mechanism 4 installed on the side of the shell 1 away from the driving mechanism; the switching mechanism 3 is used to switch the working mode of the motor, and the heat exchange mechanism 4 is used to perform targeted heat dissipation on the internal parts of the motor; the switching mechanism 3 includes a stator 31 fixedly connected to the inside of the shell 1 near the terminal box 2, a winding 32 fixedly connected to the inner side of the stator 31, an axial hole 33 opened on the side of the shell 1 near the stator 31, an output shaft 34 rotatably connected to the inner side of the axial hole 33, a driving unit assembled on the side of the output shaft 34 near the axial hole 33, and a lateral displacement unit assembled on the side of the output shaft 34 near the driving unit.

[0021] Specifically, after the motor is energized, the stator 31 and the winding 32 will generate a magnetic field to drive the rotor 35 to rotate. When the rotor 35 rotates, it drives the output shaft 34 to rotate synchronously. Through the switching mechanism 3, the motor can move the permanent magnet 317 out of the winding 32 during operation, thereby reducing the generation of back electromotive force. This design enables the motor to have the ability to switch between the reluctance synchronization mode and the permanent magnet synchronization mode. When running at high speed, the permanent magnet 317 exits the winding 32 range, and the motor mainly relies on the reluctance torque to work, reducing the limitation of the back electromotive force on the performance and expanding the speed regulation range of the motor. When the speed is low or high torque output is required, the permanent magnet 317 re-enters the winding 32 range, and the motor switches to the permanent magnet synchronization mode, using the magnetic field provided by the permanent magnet 317 to enhance the torque output and efficiency. This mode switching mechanism enables the motor to perform at its best under different working conditions, taking into account the needs of low-speed high torque and high-speed and efficient operation. Through flexible switching, the motor can adapt to a wider range of application scenarios, while reducing the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnet 317 when running at high speed, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the system.

[0022] Reference Figure 5 The driving unit includes a rotor 35 fixedly connected to the output shaft 34 on one side close to the shaft hole 33 , and four magnetic barrier holes 36 in an annular array opened on one side of the rotor 35 close to the shaft hole 33 .

[0023] Specifically, when the motor is not powered on, the rotor 35 is in a free state and has no specific position. When the motor winding 32 is powered on, a magnetic field is generated. The magnetic field will generate magnetic flux in the rotor 35. The magnetic resistance at the position where the magnetic barrier hole 36 is located is greater than that at other positions. The magnetic flux in the rotor 35 will tend to choose the path with the smallest magnetic resistance. Since the rotor 35 is made of soft magnetic material, the magnetic poles thereon will tend to align with the magnetic poles of the stator 31 to achieve a state of minimum magnetic resistance. As the magnetic field of the stator 31 rotates, the rotor 35 will rotate following the changes in the magnetic field to maintain the position with the minimum magnetic resistance. The rotor 35 is driven to rotate by utilizing the principle that the magnetic flux tends to follow the path with the minimum magnetic resistance.

[0024] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The thickness of the rotor 35 matches the thickness of the stator 31, and the shape of the magnetic barrier hole 36 is arc-shaped.

[0025] Specifically, the arc-shaped magnetic barrier hole 36 can adapt to the structure of the rotor 35 and can reduce the overall weight of the rotor 35 .

[0026] Reference Figure 5-Figure 8The transverse movement unit includes four annular array slots 37 provided on the outer side of the rotor 35, a slot 38 provided on the slot 37 close to the output shaft 34, four annular array slide grooves 39 provided in the middle of the output shaft 34, a sleeve 310 sleeved on the middle of the output shaft 34, a through hole 311 provided on the sleeve 310 close to the rotor 35, four annular array sliders 312 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 311, the outer side of the slider 312 is slidably connected to the slide groove 39, and the four annular arrays are fixedly connected to the sleeve 31 A support rod 313 is provided on a side close to the rotor 35, a clamping strip 314 is fixedly connected to a side of the support rod 313 away from the output shaft 34, a fixing sleeve 315 is fixedly connected to a side of the clamping strip 314 away from the output shaft 34, an accommodating cavity 316 is provided on a side of the fixing sleeve 315 close to the rotor 35, a permanent magnet 317 is fixedly connected to the inside of the accommodating cavity 316, a bracket 318 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the housing 1, an inner hole 319 is provided at the bottom of the bracket 318, and a coil 320 is fixedly connected to the inside of the bracket 318.

[0027] Specifically, the slot 37 can accommodate the permanent magnet 317 inside, avoid the permanent magnet 317 from protruding, avoid increasing the air gap to accommodate the permanent magnet 317, and through the cooperation of the slot 38 and the clamping strip 314, the fixed sleeve 315 can be constrained to share the centrifugal force generated when the rotor 35 rotates at high speed, and avoid excessive force on the connection between the support rod 313 and the clamping strip 314. By setting the slide groove 39 and the slider 312, the shaft sleeve 310 can be constrained so that the shaft sleeve 310 rotates together with the output shaft 34, and the shaft sleeve 310 drives the support rod while rotating. 313 rotates, the support rod 313 drives the clamping strip 314, the fixed sleeve 315 and the permanent magnet 317 to rotate together, so that the permanent magnet 317 and the rotor 35 can move synchronously, the sleeve 310 can pass through the inner hole 319, when the coil 320 is energized, a magnetic field will be generated to drive the sleeve 310 to move, and while the sleeve 310 moves, the fixed sleeve 315 is driven to move through the support rod 313 and the clamping strip 314, and the fixed sleeve 315 drives the permanent magnet 317 to move, and the moving direction of the sleeve 310 can be controlled by controlling the direction of the current connected to the coil 320.

[0028] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The shape of the slot 37 matches the shape of the fixing sleeve 315 , the shape of the card strip 314 matches the card slot 38 , the length of the permanent magnet 317 is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity 316 , and the shape of the permanent magnet 317 is the same as that of the accommodating cavity 316 .

[0029] Specifically, the fixing sleeve 315 can extend into the slot 37 driven by the clamping strip 314, and the clamping strip 314 can cooperate with the clamping slot 38 to prevent the fixing sleeve 315 from moving toward the principle output shaft 34. The accommodating cavity 316 can fix the permanent magnet 317 and provide protection for it.

[0030] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 The diameter of the through hole 311 matches the outer diameter of the output shaft 34 , and the diameter of the inner hole 319 is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft 34 .

[0031] Specifically, the output shaft 34 passes through the inner hole 319 to connect with the spoke 46 , and the output shaft 34 does not contact the inner hole 319 . The sleeve 310 can move along the axis of the output shaft 34 under the action of the through hole 311 and the slider 312 .

[0032] Example 2, reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the heat exchange mechanism 4 includes a cover plate 41 fixedly connected to the side of the shell 1 away from the stator 31, a plurality of fins 42 fixedly connected to the middle of the cover plate 41, a fixing ring 43 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 close to the cover plate 41, a cylinder 44 fixedly connected to the side of the fixing ring 43 away from the cover plate 41, a plurality of ventilation holes 45 formed in an annular array on the side of the cylinder 44 away from the fixing ring 43, the inner side of the cylinder 44 is rotatably connected to the output shaft 34, and a rotating unit assembled on the side of the output shaft 34 close to the cylinder 44.

[0033] Specifically, the cover plate 41 can fix the fins 42, and the fins 42 can transfer heat, transferring the heat inside the motor to the outside. The fixing ring 43 can separate the space inside the shell 1 by cooperating with the cylinder 44, and provide a path for the air circulation inside the shell 1. The interception of the cylinder 44 can slow down the speed of air passing through the fins 42, so that the air can better exchange heat with the fins 42. The air after heat exchange blows the permanent magnet 317 through the wind hole to dissipate the heat. The permanent magnet 317 exiting the winding 32 can be cooled by the set heat exchange mechanism 4 to ensure that its temperature is kept within a suitable range. When the permanent magnet 317 exits When the permanent magnet 317 is out of the winding 32 range, the heat exchange mechanism 4 transfers the heat generated by the permanent magnet 317 to the external environment. This design avoids the demagnetization of the permanent magnet 317 due to excessive temperature under high-speed operation or high-load conditions, thereby maintaining the performance and reliability of the motor and ensuring that it can be at a stable operating temperature under different working conditions. In this way, the permanent magnet 317 can be cooled in time after exiting the winding 32, providing temperature protection for the motor to switch between the reluctance synchronization mode and the permanent magnet synchronization mode. This heat dissipation design not only extends the service life of the permanent magnet 317, but also improves the adaptability of the motor under complex working conditions, and provides support for the development of high-performance motors.

[0034] Reference Fig. 9The rotating unit includes a plurality of spokes 46 in an annular array fixedly connected to the output shaft 34 near the cylinder 44, a connecting ring 47 fixedly connected to the plurality of spokes 46 on the side away from the output shaft 34, and a plurality of blades 48 in an annular array fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting ring 47.

[0035] Specifically, when the output shaft 34 rotates, the connecting ring 47 is driven to rotate through the spokes 46. The power transmitted through the spokes 46 can utilize the torque generated by the motor itself, avoid adding additional power sources, save energy and costs, and when the connecting ring 47 rotates, it can drive all the blades 48 to rotate at the same time. When the blades 48 rotate, they will drive the air inside the motor to circulate, so that the air will carry the heat generated by the operation of the motor to exchange heat with the fins 42, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation. Through the set rotating unit, the torque of the motor output shaft 34 can be directly converted into power to drive the blades 48 to rotate. This design makes full use of the mechanical energy generated during the operation of the motor and avoids the addition of additional power sources, thereby saving energy and simplifying the system structure. This integrated design reduces the loss in the energy transfer process and improves the overall efficiency. In this way, the motor can complete the main driving function while taking into account the task of driving the blades 48, realizing multiple uses of one machine and reducing equipment complexity and energy consumption. The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0036] In summary, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: after starting the motor, the stator 31 and the winding 32 generate a magnetic field to drive the permanent magnet 317 and the rotor 35 to rotate. During the rotation process, the permanent magnet 317 cuts the magnetic field of the winding 32 to generate a reverse electromotive force, which is proportional to the rotation speed of the permanent magnet 317. The current is previously connected, and an electromagnetic field is generated after the current passes through the coil 320. The electromagnetic field drives the sleeve 310 to move. Since the sleeve 310 is constrained by the output shaft 34, it can only move along the axis of the output shaft 34 after being subjected to force, and the sleeve 310 is on the slider 31. 2 and the slide slot 39, it will rotate with the output shaft 34. When the sleeve 310 moves, it drives the support rod 313 to move. The support rod 313 drives the clamping strip 314 and the fixed sleeve 315 to move. When the fixed sleeve 315 moves, it drives the permanent magnet 317 to move. When the clamping strip 314 and the fixed sleeve 315 move to the maximum stroke in the direction away from the rotor 35, the permanent magnet 317 will be driven to move out of the range of the winding 32. The magnetic field generated by the winding 32 will drive the rotor 35 to rotate in a synchronous manner through magnetic resistance. Since the permanent magnet 317 is not in the range of the winding 32, During the rotation of the rotor 35, the reverse electromotive force generated by the permanent magnet 317 cutting the magnetic flux lines is reduced. By changing the current direction of the coil 320, the permanent magnet 317 can be moved toward the direction close to the rotor 35, so that the permanent magnet 317 enters the slot 37. The magnetic field generated by the winding 32 will drive the permanent magnet 317 to rotate. At this time, the motor will operate in a permanent magnet synchronous manner. By changing the current direction of the coil 320, the motor can be switched between the two driving modes. The output shaft 34 will drive the spokes 46 to rotate while rotating, and the spokes 46 will drive the connecting ring 47 to rotate. The connecting ring 47 drives all the blades 48 to rotate. The blades 48 rotate and drive the air inside the motor to flow. The air inside the motor moves from the blades 48 to the fins 42, exchanges heat with the fins 42, blows the stator 31 and the rotor 35 through the air holes, and passes through the blades 48 again to complete a cycle. The forward and reverse rotation of the blades 48 will drive the air to pass through the fins 42 to achieve a heat dissipation effect. When the permanent magnet 317 exits the rotor 35, the circulating air will first pass through the permanent magnet 317 to dissipate the heat of the permanent magnet 317 and keep it at a suitable operating temperature.

[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor for a new energy vehicle, comprising a housing, a junction box arranged on the top of the housing, characterized in that: It also includes a switching mechanism disposed inside the housing, and a heat exchange mechanism disposed on a side of the housing away from the driving mechanism; The switching mechanism is used to switch the working mode of the motor, and the heat exchange mechanism is used to dissipate heat specifically for the internal parts of the motor; The switching mechanism includes a stator arranged inside the shell near the terminal box, a winding arranged inside the stator, an axial hole opened on the shell near the stator, an output shaft arranged inside the axial hole, a driving unit arranged on the output shaft near the axial hole, and a transverse movement unit arranged on the output shaft near the drive unit.

2. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a rotor arranged on one side of the output shaft close to the shaft hole, and four magnetic barrier holes in an annular array opened on one side of the rotor close to the shaft hole.

3. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the rotor matches the thickness of the stator, and the shape of the magnetic barrier hole is arc-shaped.

4. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse movement unit includes four annular arrays of slots opened on the outer side of the rotor, a slot opened on the side of the slot close to the output shaft, four annular arrays of slide grooves opened in the middle of the output shaft, a sleeve sleeved in the middle of the output shaft, a through hole opened on the side of the sleeve close to the rotor, four annular arrays of sliders arranged on the inner wall of the through hole, a sliding connection between the outer side of the slider and the slide groove, four annular arrays of support rods arranged on the side of the sleeve close to the rotor, a clamping strip arranged on the side of the support rod away from the output shaft, a fixing sleeve arranged on the side of the clamping strip away from the output shaft, an accommodating chamber opened on the side of the fixing sleeve close to the rotor, a permanent magnet arranged inside the accommodating chamber, a bracket arranged on the top of the inner wall of the shell, an inner hole opened at the bottom of the bracket, and a coil arranged inside the bracket.

5. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The shape of the slot matches that of the fixing sleeve, the shape of the card strip matches that of the card slot, the length of the permanent magnet is equal to the length of the accommodating cavity, and the shape of the permanent magnet is the same as that of the accommodating cavity.

6. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole matches the outer diameter of the output shaft, and the diameter of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the output shaft.

7. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism includes a cover plate arranged on the side of the shell away from the stator, a plurality of fins arranged in the middle of the cover plate, a fixing ring arranged on the inner wall of the shell close to the cover plate, a cylinder arranged on the side of the fixing ring away from the cover plate, a plurality of ventilation holes in an annular array opened on the side of the cylinder away from the fixing ring, the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the output shaft, and a rotating unit arranged on the side of the output shaft close to the cylinder.

8. The permanent magnet motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating unit includes a plurality of spokes arranged in an annular array on the output shaft near the cylinder, a connecting ring arranged together on a side of the plurality of spokes away from the output shaft, and a plurality of blades arranged in an annular array outside the connecting ring.

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