Packaging Method and Packaging Equipment for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a packaging method and a packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries, belonging to the technical field of solar cell packaging. In the process of winding the battery chips, the theoretical winding tension of the winding roller on the battery chips is first detected by a tension sensor; then, a non-linear tension decay winding model is adopted, where is the exponential decay factor, to calculate the real-time winding tension of the winding roller on the battery chips; finally, the difference between and is calculated, ; By introducing the exponential decay factor for non-linear tension decay winding, it is possible to ensure uniform internal stress distribution of the battery chips during the winding process, avoid problems such as slip misalignment, cracking or fracture of the brittle flexible perovskite batteries during the winding process, and thus ensure the stability and reliability of the battery chips during the entire winding process, and improve the winding yield rate of the battery chips.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cell packaging, and particularly to a packaging method and a packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries. Background Art

[0002] When a formed flexible perovskite battery sheet is wound by a winding roller, during the entire actual winding process, the winding diameter of the flexible perovskite battery sheet on the winding roller gradually increases, resulting in non-linear changes in the friction force and inertia moment between adjacent two layers of the flexible perovskite battery sheet on the winding roller. It is easy to have the phenomenon that the winding tension of the winding roller on the flexible perovskite battery sheet is too large or too small, leading to uneven distribution of internal stress concentration in the flexible perovskite battery sheet during the winding process. The relatively brittle flexible perovskite battery sheet is prone to problems such as slip misalignment, cracking or fracture during the winding process, which cannot ensure the stability and reliability of the flexible perovskite battery sheet during the entire winding process, and reduces the winding yield rate of the flexible perovskite battery sheet.

[0003] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a packaging method and a packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a packaging method for a flexible perovskite battery, which can make the internal stress distribution of the battery sheet relatively uniform during the winding process, avoid cracking or fracture of the battery sheet and excessive looseness and slip misalignment of adjacent inner and outer layers of the battery sheet, ensure the stability and reliability of the battery sheet during the entire winding process, and improve the winding yield rate of the battery sheet.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A packaging method for a flexible perovskite battery, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Let a first unwinding roller, a second unwinding roller, a third unwinding roller, a fourth unwinding roller, and a fifth unwinding roller arranged at intervals from top to bottom along the Z-axis unwind an upper diaphragm, an upper adhesive film, a flexible perovskite battery module, a lower adhesive film, and a lower diaphragm respectively;

[0008] S2: Let a packaging device heat and press-seal the upper diaphragm, the upper adhesive film, the flexible perovskite battery module, the lower adhesive film, and the lower diaphragm that are horizontally transported and stacked from top to bottom along the Z-axis to form a battery sheet;

[0009] S3: Let a winding roller wind the battery sheet;

[0010] Wherein, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0011] S31: Detect the theoretical winding tension T0 of the battery sheet by the winding roller using a tension sensor;

[0012] S32: Adopt a non-linear tension decay winding model: , is the initial winding diameter of the battery sheet on the winding roller and is equal to the diameter of the winding roller; is the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet on the winding roller; is the initial winding tension of the winding roller on the battery sheet when it is equal to the diameter of the winding roller, is the exponential decay factor to calculate the real-time winding tension of the winding roller on the battery sheet ;

[0013] S33: Calculate the difference between T0 and and , -0.5N ≤ ≤ 0.5N.

[0014] As an alternative, in step S32, in order to balance the tensile deformation of the battery sheet and the slip misalignment between two adjacent layers of the battery sheet wound on the winding roller, a tensile test simulation and a winding simulation fitting are performed on the battery sheet to obtain the exponential decay factor equal to 0.8.

[0015] As an alternative, in step S32, the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet on the winding roller, is the vertical distance between the non-contact laser sensor and the axis of the winding roller, and the non-contact laser sensor is vertically and fixedly arranged at one side of the axis of the winding roller at intervals, is the vertical distance detected by the non-contact laser sensor in real time between it and the outermost surface of the battery sheet wound on the winding roller.

[0016] As an alternative, when the winding roller vibrates, the axis of the winding roller is skewed, the outer peripheral surface of the winding roller is uneven, or the outermost surface of the battery sheet wound on the winding roller is uneven, a Kalman filter needs to be introduced to and perform noise reduction compensation on the embedded filtering algorithm.

[0017] As an alternative, the theoretical winding diameter of the battery sheet on the winding roller, is the number of pulses sent by the encoder according to the winding roller, is The calculated rotational linear velocity of the winding roll;

[0018] Wherein, when the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter have a deviation > 5%, a lamination abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0019] As an alternative, the theoretical length of each turn of the battery cells on the winding roll , the length increment of the battery cells within the time microelement dt , then the theoretical total length of the battery cells wound on the winding roll , is the rotational angular velocity of the winding roll, which can be calculated based on the number of pulses sent by the encoder and obtained, is the winding time of the winding roll for the battery cells;

[0020] The real-time total length of the battery cells wound on the winding roll ;

[0021] Wherein, when the deviation between the real-time total length and the theoretical total length > 3%, a lamination abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0022] As an alternative, the packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery further includes an error compensation strategy, and the error compensation strategy includes the following steps:

[0023] Establish a slip rate correction coefficient k = 0.98 - 1.02 to compensate the theoretical winding tension T0 detected by the tension sensor to balance the interlayer sliding error that appears between adjacent two layers of the battery cells wound on the winding roll;

[0024] According to the Young's modulus E of the battery cells and the real-time winding tension of the winding roll on the battery cells , dynamically correct the real-time length of each turn of the battery cells on the winding roll , is a correction constant to balance the elastic deformation error during the winding process of the battery cells;

[0025] Establish a compensation coefficient of 0.05 mm / °C to perform real-time temperature compensation on the non-contact laser sensor to balance the temperature change error during the detection process of the non-contact laser sensor.

[0026] As an alternative, the first unwind roller, the second unwind roller, the third unwind roller, the fourth unwind roller, and the fifth unwind roller are driven by five motors respectively to unwind synchronously, and the unwind tensions of the first unwind roller, the second unwind roller, the third unwind roller, the fourth unwind roller, and the fifth unwind roller are mutually coupled;

[0027] The coupling equation is: , corresponding to the first unwind roller, the second unwind roller, the third unwind roller, the fourth unwind roller, and the fifth unwind roller in sequence, = 1 to 5, is the real-time unwind tension of the th unwind roller, which can be calculated correspondingly according to the real-time winding tension ; is the angle between the unwind material unwound from the th unwind roller and the horizontal plane, and is the total length of the unwind material unwound from the upper diaphragm, the upper glue film, the flexible perovskite battery module, the lower glue film, or the lower diaphragm; is the equivalent stiffness coefficient equal to a constant, and

[0028] is the damping coefficient equal to a constant. As an alternative,

[0029] the five unwind materials unwound from the first unwind roller, the second unwind roller, the third unwind roller, the fourth unwind roller, and the fifth unwind roller all enter the encapsulation device in the horizontal direction. By the calculation formula: = constant value, so as to be able to adjust the output rotational linear speeds of the five motors respectively to ensure that the moving speeds of the five unwind materials entering the encapsulation device in the horizontal direction are the same;

[0030] wherein, is the rotational linear speed of the th unwind roller; is the unwind reference setting constant; is the change value of the rotational linear speed of the th unwind roller, and is the adjustment amplitude of relative to which is an experimentally calibrated value obtained according to the change intensity of ; is the theoretical unwind tension of the th unwind roller, which can be detected by a tension sensor; is the direction symbol value. When When it is negative, When When it is positive, When When it is zero, .

[0031] Another object of the present invention is to provide a packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries, which can ensure good unwinding and winding effects, and can ensure that the heating and pressing effects on five kinds of unwinding materials are relatively uniform and balanced, so as to better ensure the packaging effect of battery chips.

[0032] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0033] A packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries, including a first unwinding roller, a second unwinding roller, a third unwinding roller, a fourth unwinding roller, a fifth unwinding roller, a packaging device and a winding roller. The first unwinding roller, the second unwinding roller, the third unwinding roller, the fourth unwinding roller, the fifth unwinding roller and the winding roller perform unwinding and winding based on the above-mentioned packaging method for flexible perovskite batteries;

[0034] The packaging device includes:

[0035] A packaging box body;

[0036] A heating module, built into the packaging box body, and along the horizontal conveying direction of the battery chip, the temperature provided by the heating module increases in a gradient from 40°C to 120°C;

[0037] A pressing module, built into the packaging box body, and along the horizontal conveying direction of the battery chip, the pressure provided by the pressing module increases in a gradient from 20 kPa to 80 kPa.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery of the present invention, by respectively unwinding an upper diaphragm, an upper adhesive film, a flexible perovskite battery module, a lower adhesive film and a lower diaphragm from a first unwinding roller, a second unwinding roller, a third unwinding roller, a fourth unwinding roller and a fifth unwinding roller which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the Z-axis from top to bottom; then enabling the packaging device to heat and press and package the upper diaphragm, the upper adhesive film, the flexible perovskite battery module, the lower adhesive film and the lower diaphragm which are horizontally conveyed and sequentially stacked along the Z-axis from top to bottom to form a battery chip, that is, the formed battery chip is a flexible perovskite battery; finally enabling the winding roller to wind the battery chip so as to be able to wind up the packaged battery chip, thereby facilitating subsequent transportation and processing of the battery chip; wherein, during the process of enabling the winding roller to wind the battery chip, first use a tension sensor to detect the theoretical winding tension T0 of the winding roller on the battery chip; then use a non-linear tension decay winding model , to calculate the real-time winding tension of the take-up roller on the battery slice ; Finally, calculate the difference between T0 and ; and make -0.5N ≤ ≤ 0.5N, which indicates that the real-time winding tension of the take-up roller on the battery slice is relatively appropriate and will not be too large or too small. That is, as the real-time winding diameter of the battery slice on the take-up roller gradually increases, an exponential decay factor is introduced to balance the non-linear changes of the friction force and the inertia moment between adjacent two layers of battery slices on the take-up roller, and can optimize the attenuation rate of the real-time winding tension changing with the real-time winding diameter , ensure that the real-time winding tension of the take-up roller on the battery slice is always a stable and appropriate value, so that the internal stress distribution of the battery slice is relatively uniform during the whole winding process, to match the flexible mechanical properties of the flexible perovskite battery, avoid the problems of cracking or breaking of the brittle flexible perovskite battery during the winding process, and further ensure the stability and reliability of the battery slice during the whole winding process, and improve the winding yield rate of the battery slice.

[0040] Moreover, by introducing the exponential decay factor ∂, it can avoid the too-fast attenuation rate of the winding tension of the take-up roller on the battery slice, so as to ensure that the winding tension gradients of the inner and outer layers of battery slices wound on the take-up roller are relatively gentle and stable, and further avoid the problem that the outer-layer battery slices are too loose relative to the inner-layer battery slices and slip out of position, so that the winding force of the battery slices on the take-up roller is relatively appropriate and ensure that the winding effect is relatively flat and aligned.

[0041] For the packaging equipment of the flexible perovskite battery of the present invention, since unwinding and winding are carried out based on the above-mentioned packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery, it can ensure good unwinding and winding effects, so that the quality of the battery slices formed by packaging is better; and, make the temperature provided by the heating module increase in a gradient from 40°C to 120°C, and at the same time make the pressure provided by the pressing module increase in a gradient from 20 kPa to 80 kPa, to ensure that the heating effect and the pressing effect on the five unwinding materials are relatively uniformly balanced, thereby shortening the leveling time of the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film, and further being able to better ensure the packaging effect of the battery slices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the packaging equipment of the flexible perovskite battery provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of the packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery provided by the present invention Figure 1;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the encapsulation method of the flexible perovskite battery provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 4 is a curve comparison diagram of the real-time winding tension attenuation of the linear model and the non-linear model provided by the present invention (the horizontal axis is the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet , and the vertical axis is the real-time unwinding tension of the battery sheet ).

[0046] Description of reference numerals:

[0047] 1 - First unwinding roller; 11 - Upper diaphragm; 2 - Second unwinding roller; 21 - Upper glue film; 3 - Third unwinding roller; 31 - Flexible perovskite battery module; 4 - Fourth unwinding roller; 41 - Lower glue film; 5 - Fifth unwinding roller; 51 - Lower diaphragm;

[0048] 6 - Encapsulation device; 7 - Winding roller; 8 - Battery sheet; 91 - Upper pressure roller; 92 - Lower pressure roller. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0050] Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically described, can be replaced by other equivalent or similar-purpose alternative features. That is, unless specifically described, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals indicate the same elements.

[0051] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the achieved technical effects clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and through specific implementation manners. Example 1

[0052] In this example, an encapsulation method for a flexible perovskite battery is proposed. This encapsulation method for a flexible perovskite battery can ensure that the internal stress distribution of the battery sheet is relatively uniform during the entire winding process, so as to match the flexible mechanical properties of the flexible perovskite battery, and avoid problems such as cracking, fracture, and slip misalignment of the brittle flexible perovskite battery during the winding process. Furthermore, it can ensure the stability and reliability of the battery sheet during the entire winding process and improve the winding yield of the battery sheet. Among them, the battery sheet is the flexible perovskite battery formed by encapsulation.

[0053] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the encapsulation method of the flexible perovskite battery includes the following steps: S1: Let the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4, and the fifth unwinding roller 5 arranged at intervals from top to bottom along the Z-axis unwind the upper diaphragm 11, the upper adhesive film 21, the flexible perovskite battery module 31, the lower adhesive film 41, and the lower diaphragm 51 respectively; S2: Let the encapsulation device 6 heat and press-seal the upper diaphragm 11, the upper adhesive film 21, the flexible perovskite battery module 31, the lower adhesive film 41, and the lower diaphragm 51 that are horizontally transported and stacked from top to bottom along the Z-axis to form a battery sheet 8; S3: Let the winding roller 7 wind up the battery sheet 8; so as to be able to wind up the encapsulated battery sheet 8, thus facilitating the subsequent transportation and processing of the battery sheet 8. Wherein, the horizontal transportation direction is specifically as Figure 1 shown by the arrow B in

[0054] Further, as Figure 3 shown, in the above step S3, it includes the following steps: S31: Use a tension sensor to detect the theoretical winding tension T0 of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8; S32: Use a non-linear tension decay winding model: where is the initial winding diameter of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7 and is equal to the diameter of the winding roller 7; is the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7; is the initial winding tension of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8 when is equal to the diameter of the winding roller 7, is the exponential decay factor, to calculate the real-time winding tension of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8; S33: Calculate the difference between T0 and , -0.5N ≤

[0055] ≤ 0.5N. In this embodiment, compared with the prior art, for the encapsulation method of the flexible perovskite battery, considering the non-linear changes in the frictional force and inertial torque between adjacent layers of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7, the exponential decay factor ∂ is introduced; by first using a tension sensor to detect the theoretical winding tension T0 of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8; then using the non-linear tension decay winding model to calculate the real-time winding tension of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8; finally calculating the difference between T0 and , and making -0.5N ≤ ≤ 0.5N, it indicates that the real-time winding tension As it gradually increases, an exponential decay factor is introduced , to balance the non-linear variation of the frictional force and the inertial moment between adjacent two layers of the battery wafers 8 on the winding roller 7, and can optimize the real-time winding tension As the real-time winding diameter The decay rate of the change, to ensure the real-time winding tension of the winding roller 7 on the battery wafers 8 is always a stable and appropriate value, so that the internal stress distribution of the battery wafers 8 can be relatively uniform during the entire winding process, so as to match the flexible mechanical properties of the flexible perovskite battery, and avoid the problems of cracking or breaking of the brittle flexible perovskite battery during the winding process. Furthermore, the stability and reliability of the battery wafers 8 during the entire winding process can be ensured, and the winding yield of the battery wafers 8 can be improved. Among them, the problem of cracking or breaking of the flexible perovskite battery involved in this embodiment during the winding process mainly refers to the cracking or breaking of the active layer in the flexible perovskite battery.

[0056] Moreover, by introducing the exponential decay factor ∂, the problem that the winding tension decay rate of the winding roller 7 on the battery wafers 8 is too fast can be avoided, so as to ensure that the winding tension gradients of the inner and outer layers of the battery wafers 8 wound on the winding roller 7 are relatively gentle and stable. Furthermore, the problem that the outer layer of the battery wafers 8 is too loose relative to the inner layer of the battery wafers 8 can be avoided, so that the winding force of the battery wafers 8 on the winding roller 7 is relatively appropriate, and the winding effect can be ensured to be relatively flat and aligned.

[0057] Specifically, the winding tension fluctuation can be as shown in Table 1 below By comparing the tables, it can be known that: compared with the linear winding model in the prior art, the non-linear tension decay winding model adopted in this embodiment can greatly reduce the winding tension fluctuation in the numerical range, so as to ensure that the numerical values of T0 and are relatively close, and ensure that the real-time winding tension of the winding roller 7 on the battery wafers 8 is always in a relatively stable state, and further can better improve the internal stress uniformity of the battery wafers 8.

[0058] Table 1

[0059]

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, a roll-to-roll winding method is adopted to package and wind the solar cell 8. That is, multiple small square pieces with smaller areas can be connected in series in sequence to form the above-mentioned flexible perovskite battery module 31, so that a solar cell 8 with a larger area can be packaged; compared with directly processing a solar cell 8 with a larger area using large equipment, the processing of the large-area solar cell 8 can be made simpler and more convenient, saving the usage cost of large equipment, and enabling the packaged solar cell 8 to have a wider application range.

[0061] Further, in the above step S32, in order to better balance the tensile deformation of the solar cell 8 and the slip misalignment between two adjacent layers of the solar cell 8 wound on the winding roller 7, a tensile test simulation and a winding simulation fitting are performed on the solar cell 8, so that an exponential decay factor can be obtained through the simulation test. Preferably, it is 0.8.

[0062] By making the exponential decay factor Preferably 0.8, so as to better balance the tensile deformation error of the solar cell 8 itself and the slip misalignment error between two adjacent layers of the solar cell 8 during the entire winding process, thereby better ensuring that the internal stress of the solar cell 8 is relatively uniform and the winding and leveling alignment effect of the winding roller 7 on the solar cell 8.

[0063] Specifically, in the above step S32, the real-time winding diameter of the solar cell 8 on the winding roller 7 ; where is the vertical distance between the non-contact laser sensor and the axis of the winding roller 7. The non-contact laser sensor is vertically and fixedly arranged at one side of the axis of the winding roller 7. Since the non-contact laser sensor is fixedly installed and the axis of the winding roller 7 does not change its position, therefore, is a determined value; is the vertical distance between the non-contact laser sensor and the outermost surface of the solar cell 8 wound on the winding roller 7 detected in real time by the non-contact laser sensor, is a variable value. Among them, the measuring range of the non-contact laser sensor is 0.1m - 5m.

[0064] Further, due to accidental vibrations or processing errors in the actual winding working conditions, when the winding roller 7 vibrates, the axis of the winding roller 7 is skewed, the outer peripheral surface of the winding roller 7 is uneven, or the outermost surface of the solar cell 8 wound on the winding roller 7 is uneven, a Kalman filter needs to be introduced to and perform embedded filtering algorithm noise reduction compensation, so that the specific values of and obtained are more accurate, thereby better ensuring the real-time winding diameter The numerical accuracy. Among them, the Kalman filter and the embedded filtering algorithm are common filters and filtering algorithms in the prior art. Here, the specific noise reduction compensation calculation process will not be described in detail.

[0065] Further, the theoretical winding diameter of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7 ; where is the number of pulses sent by the encoder according to the winding roller 7, is the linear velocity of rotation of the winding roller 7 calculated according to the number of pulses sent by the encoder ; where, when the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter the deviation between them > 5%, a lamination abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0066] Specifically, when the deviation between the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter is > 5%, a lamination abnormality alarm is triggered. That is, at this time, the winding of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7 may have problems such as being too tight or too loose or slipping and misaligning between adjacent two layers of battery sheets 8, and adjustment is required before starting winding to achieve a better winding effect; when the deviation between the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter is ≤ 5%, it means that the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8 is good and winding can continue; by comparing the real-time monitoring between the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter , the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery sheet 8 can be ensured.

[0067] Specifically, the theoretical length of each turn of the battery sheet 8 on the winding roller 7 , the length increment of the battery sheet 8 within the time microelement dt , then correspondingly, the theoretical total length of the battery sheet 8 wound on the winding roller 7 ; where is the rotational angular velocity of the winding roller 7, can be calculated based on the number of pulses sent by the encoder, is the winding time of the winding roller 7 for the battery sheet 8; and, the real-time total length of the battery sheet 8 wound on the winding roller 7 ; where, when the deviation between the real-time total length and the theoretical total length is > 3%, a lamination abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0068] Specifically, when the real-time total length and the theoretical total length When the deviation between them > 3%, a cascading exception alarm is triggered. That is, at this time, the winding of the battery cell 8 on the winding roller 7 may have problems such as being too tight or too loose, or slipping and misaligning between adjacent two layers of battery cells 8, and adjustment is required before starting winding to achieve a better winding effect; when the real-time total length and the theoretical total length When the deviation between them ≤ 3%, it indicates that the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery cell 8 is good, and winding can continue; by comparing the real-time total length with the theoretical total length The real-time monitoring and comparison between them can ensure the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery cell 8.

[0069] Through the above real-time monitoring and comparison between the real-time winding diameter and the theoretical winding diameter and the real-time monitoring and comparison between the real-time total length and the theoretical total length That is, real-time monitoring is carried out simultaneously from two aspects of the winding diameter and the total winding length, which can better ensure the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery cell 8, further ensure the stability and reliability of the battery cell 8 during the whole winding process, and better improve the qualified rate of winding of the battery cell 8; moreover, real-time monitoring can also be carried out simultaneously from two aspects of the winding diameter and the total winding length to ensure that the stop timing of winding is relatively accurate and reliable. That is, when both the winding diameter and the total winding length reach the preset values, it means that the winding is completed and the winding is stopped, so as to better ensure that the diameter and length of the battery cell 8 roll obtained by winding meet the required requirements.

[0070] Specifically, when there is no encoder set and the rotational linear velocity of the winding roller 7 is low, the rotational angular velocity of the winding roller 7 can be deduced by the difference between the ranging values of two adjacent non-contact laser sensors , that is, , where is the ranging time difference between two adjacent non-contact laser sensors, needs to be much smaller than the rotation period of the winding roller 7; is the current time value; using the above deduction formula can save the cost of the encoder and is applicable to the low-speed winding scenario.

[0071] Table 2

[0072]

[0073] Further, the encapsulation method of the flexible perovskite battery further includes an error compensation strategy. As shown in the error compensation strategy compensation method table in Table 2 above, the error compensation strategy includes the following steps: establish a slip rate correction coefficient k = 0.98 - 1.02 to compensate the theoretical winding tension T0 detected by the tension sensor to balance the interlayer sliding error that appears between adjacent two layers of battery cells 8 wound on the winding roller 7; according to the Young's modulus E of the battery cell 8 and the real-time winding tension of the battery cell 8 by the winding roller 7 , dynamically correct the real-time length of each turn of the battery cell 8 on the winding roller 7 , where is a correction constant to balance the elastic deformation error of the battery cell 8 during the winding process; establish a compensation coefficient of 0.05 mm / °C to perform real-time temperature compensation on the non-contact laser sensor to balance the temperature change error of the non-contact laser sensor during the detection process.

[0074] Compensate the theoretical winding tension T0 detected by the tension sensor through the slip rate correction coefficient k, and dynamically correct the real-time length of each turn of the battery cell 8 on the winding roller 7 to balance the elastic deformation error of the battery cell 8 during the winding process, and perform real-time temperature compensation on the non-contact laser sensor through the compensation coefficient to balance the temperature change error of the non-contact laser sensor during the detection process; thus, it can better ensure the winding effect of the winding roller 7 on the battery cell 8, further ensure the stability and reliability of the battery cell 8 during the entire winding process, and better improve the winding yield rate of the battery cell 8.

[0075] Further, as Figure 1 shown, the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 are driven by five motors correspondingly to unwind synchronously. That is, the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 are respectively driven independently by five motors, and the real-time unwinding tensions of the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 are coupled with each other. That is, the output rotational linear velocities of the five motors also need to be coupled with each other to ensure the real-time unwinding tensions of the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 respectively Relatively suitable for stability; on the one hand, it can ensure that the unwinding materials unwound from the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 will not be too loose or too tight during unwinding, so as to ensure that the encapsulation device 6 has a better encapsulation effect on the five unwinding materials unwound; on the other hand, it can ensure that the internal stresses of the five unwinding materials unwound are relatively uniform, and ensure that the five unwinding materials will not crack or break during unwinding, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire unwinding process and better improving the winding yield rate of the battery cells 8.

[0076] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the above-mentioned five unwinding materials specifically refer to the above-mentioned upper separator 11, upper adhesive film 21, flexible perovskite battery module 31, lower adhesive film 41 and lower separator 51; among them, the upper separator 11 and the lower separator 51 can specifically be water and oxygen barrier films, and the upper adhesive film 21 and the lower adhesive film 41 can specifically be polyolefin elastomer (POE) adhesive films, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive films or polyvinyl butyral (PVB) adhesive films.

[0077] Specifically, the real-time unwinding tensions between the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 The coupling equation is: ; among them, correspond to the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5 in sequence, = 1 to 5; is the real-time unwinding tension of the above-mentioned unwinding roller, can be calculated correspondingly according to the above real-time winding tension ; is the angle between the unwinding material unwound from the unwinding roller and the horizontal plane, which can be obtained by measurement; is the overall unwinding length of the upper separator 11, upper adhesive film 21, flexible perovskite battery module 31, lower adhesive film 41 or lower separator 51; is the equivalent stiffness coefficient equal to a constant, is the damping coefficient equal to a constant; that is, during the entire unwinding process, when = 1 (the first unwinding roller 1), 2 (the second unwinding roller 2), 3 (the third unwinding roller 3), 4 (the fourth unwinding roller 4), 5 (the fifth unwinding roller 5), this calculation formula always holds constantly, so as to ensure the coupling effect of the real-time unwinding tensions between the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4 and the fifth unwinding roller 5. Among them, the horizontal plane is specifically asFigure 1 As shown by arrow A in Figure 1 the arrow A is in the same horizontal direction as arrow B described above.

[0078] Further, as Figure 1 shown, the five unwound materials unwound from the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4, and the fifth unwinding roller 5 all enter the encapsulation device 6 in the horizontal direction, so as to ensure the encapsulation effect of the five unwound materials on the encapsulation device 6, that is, to ensure the encapsulation quality of the battery cell 8 formed by encapsulation.

[0079] Specifically, through the calculation formula: = constant value, so as to be able to adjust the output rotational linear speeds of the five motors respectively to ensure that the moving speeds of the five unwound materials entering the encapsulation device 6 in the horizontal direction are the same, that is, the five unwound materials unwound from the first unwinding roller 1, the second unwinding roller 2, the third unwinding roller 3, the fourth unwinding roller 4, and the fifth unwinding roller 5 all enter the encapsulation device 6 at a constant speed in the horizontal direction; where is the rotational linear speed of the unwinding roller, ; is the set constant for unwinding reference; is the change value of the rotational linear speed of the unwinding roller, is the adjustment amplitude of relative to is the experimentally calibrated value obtained according to the change intensity of is the theoretical unwinding tension of the unwinding roller, which can be detected by a tension sensor; is the direction symbol value. When is negative, when is positive, when is zero, .

[0080] Specific test conditions: = 100mm, = 8N, the maximum real-time winding diameter of the battery cell 8 after winding = 600mm, the rotational linear speed of the winding roller 7 = 2m / min, and can pass through the above various calculation formulas: such as 、 and as Figure 4As shown, the winding tension fluctuation is calculated It is within the range of ±0.5 N, and the interlayer strain distribution of adjacent battery cells 8 can be measured by a laser interferometer to obtain a 40% improvement in the internal stress uniformity of the battery cells 8, thereby significantly improving the internal stress uniformity of the battery cells 8; and, compared with the bubble occurrence rate of 3.5% of the battery cells 8 in the prior art, in this embodiment, the bubble occurrence rate of the battery cells 8 can be reduced to 0.7%; at the same time, compared with the yield rate of 92% of the battery cells 8 in the prior art, in this embodiment, the yield rate of the battery cells 8 can be increased to 98.5%. Embodiment Two

[0081] In this embodiment, a packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries is proposed, as Figure 1 shown. The packaging device for flexible perovskite batteries includes the above-mentioned first unwinding roller 1, second unwinding roller 2, third unwinding roller 3, fourth unwinding roller 4, fifth unwinding roller 5, packaging device 6 and winding roller 7. The first unwinding roller 1, second unwinding roller 2, third unwinding roller 3, fourth unwinding roller 4, fifth unwinding roller 5 and winding roller 7 perform unwinding and winding based on the packaging method of flexible perovskite batteries in the first embodiment above, so as to ensure the unwinding effect and winding effect.

[0082] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, the packaging device 6 includes a packaging box body, a heating module and a pressurizing module; among them, the packaging box body can provide a relatively stable vacuum packaging environment for the five unwinding materials transported; the heating module is built into the packaging box body, along the horizontal transport direction of the battery cell 8, that is, the horizontal transport direction shown by the arrow B in the above Figure 1 , the temperature provided by the heating module increases in a gradient from 40°C to 120°C; the pressurizing module is built into the packaging box body, along the horizontal transport direction of the battery cell 8, the pressure provided by the pressurizing module increases in a gradient from 20 kPa to 80 kPa. Among them, the packaging box body adopts the common packaging box body structure in the prior art.

[0083] By making the temperature provided by the heating module increase in a gradient from 40°C to 120°C, and at the same time making the pressure provided by the pressurizing module increase in a gradient from 20 kPa to 80 kPa; that is, making the heating temperature and packaging pressure be applied in a step form, so as to realize gradient heating and gradient pressurization of the five unwinding materials unwound, ensuring that the heating effect and pressurizing effect on the five unwinding materials are relatively uniform and balanced, so as to be able to shorten the leveling time of the upper adhesive film 21 and the lower adhesive film 41, making the packaging effect of the formed battery cell 8 better. Among them, the heating module can specifically adopt an electric heating structure, and the pressurizing module can specifically adopt an electric pressurizing structure.

[0084] Furthermore, the encapsulation device 6 further includes a CCD camera and a pneumatic fine-tuning mechanism that are communicatively connected; among them, both the CCD camera and the pneumatic fine-tuning mechanism are built into the encapsulation box body; the CCD camera is used to detect the interlayer alignment of the five unwound materials in the encapsulation box body, and feedback the detection information to the pneumatic fine-tuning mechanism, so that the pneumatic fine-tuning mechanism adjusts the interlayer alignment of the five unwound materials, thereby ensuring the interlayer alignment accuracy between the five unwound materials, that is, ensuring the interlayer alignment accuracy between the upper diaphragm 11, the upper adhesive film 21, the flexible perovskite battery module 31, the lower adhesive film 41, and the lower diaphragm 51 stacked in sequence from top to bottom along the Z-axis, thereby improving the encapsulation effect and ensuring the quality of the battery sheet 8 formed by encapsulation. The resolution of the CCD camera is 5um, and the pneumatic fine-tuning mechanism can adopt the common pneumatic fine-tuning structure in the prior art.

[0085] Specifically, the encapsulation device 6 further includes an online detection module, and the online detection module is built into the encapsulation box body; among them, the online detection module includes an infrared thermal imager and an electroluminescence detector, so as to be able to detect the uniformity of the hot pressing temperature field in the encapsulation box body in real time through the infrared thermal imager, so that the gradient heating provided by the heating module is more appropriate and reliable; at the same time, the electroluminescence detector detects the hidden crack defects of the encapsulated battery sheet 8, ensures that the winding roller 7 only winds the battery sheets 8 that pass the detection, avoids waste of resources, and improves work efficiency.

[0086] Furthermore, the encapsulation equipment of the flexible perovskite battery further includes a control module, and the control module adopts a hybrid architecture of a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC); among them, the FPGA is responsible for high-speed data acquisition, and the FPGA can respond quickly at the μs level to ensure the rapidity and accuracy of data acquisition; the PLC executes the control algorithms and HMI interactions in the entire process of unwinding, encapsulating, and winding. Among them, the HMI (Human Machine Interaction) interaction specifically refers to the interaction process between humans and machines to achieve information exchange and interaction.

[0087] Furthermore, as Figure 1As shown, the encapsulation device of the flexible perovskite battery further includes an upper pressing roller 91 and a lower pressing roller 92. Along the Z-axis, the upper pressing roller 91 and the lower pressing roller 92 are opposite and spaced apart. Five unwinding materials, namely an upper diaphragm 11, an upper adhesive film 21, a flexible perovskite battery module 31, a lower adhesive film 41, and a lower diaphragm 51, which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom along the Z-axis, are conveyed horizontally between the upper pressing roller 91 and the lower pressing roller 92, so as to ensure that the five unwinding materials can be conveyed horizontally into the encapsulation device 6 for flattening and encapsulation through the flattening effect between the upper pressing roller 91 and the lower pressing roller 92; and, through the above-mentioned = constant value, it is ensured that the five unwinding materials all enter between the upper pressing roller 91 and the lower pressing roller 92 at a constant speed along the horizontal direction, so that the encapsulation effect of the encapsulation device 6 on the five unwinding materials can be ensured.

[0088] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A packaging method for a flexible perovskite battery, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: causing a first unwinding roller (1), a second unwinding roller (2), a third unwinding roller (3), a fourth unwinding roller (4) and a fifth unwinding roller (5) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the Z axis to respectively unwind an upper diaphragm (11), an upper adhesive film (21), a flexible perovskite battery module (31), a lower adhesive film (41) and a lower diaphragm (51); S2: causing the packaging device (6) to heat and pressurize the upper diaphragm (11), the upper glue film (21), the flexible perovskite battery module (31), the lower glue film (41), and the lower diaphragm (51) which are horizontally transported and stacked in sequence from top to bottom along the Z axis to form a battery cell (8); S3: causing the winding roller (7) to wind up the battery sheet (8); Wherein, step S3 includes the following steps: S31: using a tension sensor to detect the theoretical winding tension T0 of the winding roller (7) on the battery sheet (8); S32: Using nonlinear tension decay winding model: , is the initial winding diameter of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7) and is equal to the diameter of the winding roller (7); is the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7); for When the initial winding tension of the winding roller (7) on the battery sheet (8) is equal to the diameter of the winding roller (7), is an exponential decay factor, so as to calculate the real-time winding tension of the winding roller (7) on the battery sheet (8) ; S33: Calculate T0 and The difference between , -0.5N≤ ≤0.5N.

2. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S32, in order to balance the tensile deformation of the battery cell (8) and the slippage between two adjacent layers of the battery cell (8) wound on the winding roller (7), the battery cell (8) is subjected to tensile test simulation and winding simulation fitting to obtain the exponential decay factor Equal to 0.

8.

3. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S32, the real-time winding diameter of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7) is , is the vertical distance between the non-contact laser sensor and the axis of the winding roller (7), the non-contact laser sensor being arranged vertically and fixedly at intervals on one side of the axis of the winding roller (7), It is the vertical distance between the non-contact laser sensor and the outermost surface of the battery sheet (8) rolled up on the winding roller (7), detected in real time by the non-contact laser sensor.

4. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the winding roller (7) vibrates, the axis of the winding roller (7) is deflected, the outer peripheral surface of the winding roller (7) is uneven, or the outermost surface of the battery cell (8) rolled up on the winding roller (7) is uneven, a Kalman filter needs to be introduced to and Perform embedded filtering algorithm noise reduction compensation.

5. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: Theoretical winding diameter of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7) , is the number of pulses emitted by the encoder according to the winding roller (7), is the number of pulses issued by the encoder The calculated rotational linear speed of the winding roller (7); Among them, when the real-time winding diameter Theoretical winding diameter When the deviation between them is >5%, the cascade abnormality alarm is triggered.

6. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The theoretical length of each turn of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7) , the length increment of the battery cell (8) within the time element dt , then the theoretical total length of the battery sheet (8) rolled up on the winding roller (7) is , is the rotational angular velocity of the winding roller (7), The number of pulses emitted by the encoder can be Calculate and obtain, is the time for the winding roller (7) to wind up the battery sheet (8); The real-time total length of the battery sheet (8) rolled up on the winding roller (7) ; Among them, when the real-time total length Theoretical total length When the deviation between them is >3%, the cascade abnormality alarm is triggered.

7. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery also includes an error compensation strategy, which includes the following steps: Establishing a slip rate correction coefficient k=0.98-1.02 to compensate for the theoretical winding tension T0 detected by the tension sensor, so as to balance the interlayer slip error between two adjacent layers of the battery cells (8) wound on the winding roller (7); According to the Young's modulus E of the battery sheet (8) and the real-time winding tension of the winding roller (7) on the battery sheet (8) , dynamically correcting the real-time length of each turn of the battery sheet (8) on the winding roller (7) , A correction constant is used to balance the elastic deformation error of the battery sheet (8) during the winding process; A compensation coefficient of 0.05 mm / ° C. is established to perform real-time temperature compensation on the non-contact laser sensor to balance the temperature variation error of the non-contact laser sensor during the detection process.

8. The packaging method of a flexible perovskite battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first unwinding roller (1), the second unwinding roller (2), the third unwinding roller (3), the fourth unwinding roller (4) and the fifth unwinding roller (5) are driven by five motors to unwind synchronously, and the unwinding tensions of the first unwinding roller (1), the second unwinding roller (2), the third unwinding roller (3), the fourth unwinding roller (4) and the fifth unwinding roller (5) are coupled to each other; The coupling equations are: , corresponding to the first unwinding roller (1), the second unwinding roller (2), the third unwinding roller (3), the fourth unwinding roller (4) and the fifth unwinding roller (5) in sequence, =1~5, For the Real-time unwinding tension of the unwinding roller, According to the real-time winding tension The corresponding calculation is obtained, For the The angle between the unwinding material unwound from the unwinding roller and the horizontal plane, is the overall unrolled length of the upper diaphragm (11), the upper adhesive film (21), the flexible perovskite battery module (31), the lower adhesive film (41) or the lower diaphragm (51), The equivalent stiffness coefficient is equal to a constant, The damping coefficient is equal to a constant.

9. The packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The five types of unwinding materials unwound by the first unwinding roller (1), the second unwinding roller (2), the third unwinding roller (3), the fourth unwinding roller (4) and the fifth unwinding roller (5) all enter the packaging device (6) in a horizontal direction, according to the calculation formula: = a constant value, so as to be able to adjust the output rotational linear speed of each of the five motors to ensure that the movement speed of the five unwinding materials into the packaging device (6) in the horizontal direction is the same; in, For the The rotation speed of the unwinding roller, ; Set constants for unwinding benchmarks; For the The change in the rotational speed of the unwinding roller, Yes Control Relative to The adjustment range, is based on The experimental calibration value obtained by changing the intensity of For the Theoretical unwinding tension of unwinding roller, It can be obtained by detecting the tension sensor; is the direction sign value, when When it is a negative number, ,when When is a positive number, ,when When it is zero, .

10. A packaging device for a flexible perovskite battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first unwinding roller (1), a second unwinding roller (2), a third unwinding roller (3), a fourth unwinding roller (4), a fifth unwinding roller (5), a packaging device (6) and a winding roller (7), wherein the first unwinding roller (1), the second unwinding roller (2), the third unwinding roller (3), the fourth unwinding roller (4), the fifth unwinding roller (5) and the winding roller (7) are unwound and wound based on the packaging method of the flexible perovskite battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The packaging device (6) comprises: Packaging box; A heating module is built into the packaging box, and the temperature provided by the heating module increases gradually from 40°C to 120°C along the horizontal conveying direction of the battery cell (8); A pressurizing module is built into the packaging box, and along the horizontal conveying direction of the battery sheet (8), the pressure provided by the pressurizing module increases gradually from 20 kPa to 80 kPa.

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