Simulation method, simulation device, electronic equipment and electronic paper display device

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation method for an electronic paper display device, which comprises the following steps: a model parameter acquisition step: acquiring model parameter information including total charge quantity of various charged particles, respective charge volume density of the various charged particles and external electric field force; a built-in electric field intensity calculation step: calculating the built-in electric field intensity through the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model comprises the total charge quantity of the various charged particles and the respective charge volume density of the various charged particles; a built-in electric field force calculation step: calculating the built-in electric field force applied to each charged particle based on the built-in electric field intensity; a motion simulation step: simulating the motion of each charged particle according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force applied to each charged particle; and a gray scale determination step: in response to movement stop of each charged particle, determining a display gray scale under the applied electric field force to obtain a simulation relationship between the display gray scale and the applied electric field force.

Description

Simulation method, simulation device, electronic device and electronic paper display device Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a simulation method, a simulation device, an electronic device, and an electronic paper display device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, existing electronic paper displays (E-paper displays) suffer from slow response times and low refresh rates, necessitating the development of new E-paper displays with faster response times and improved display quality. However, developing E-paper displays to improve R&D efficiency and reduce costs remains a key research topic for researchers.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In one aspect, a simulation method for an electronic paper display device is provided, characterized in that the method comprises: a model parameter acquisition step: acquiring model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; a built-in electric field strength calculation step: calculating the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device through the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles. The output of the built-in electric field model includes a built-in electric field strength; a built-in electric field force calculation step: based on the built-in electric field strength, calculating the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; a motion simulation step: simulating the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; and a grayscale determination step: in response to the movement of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device stopping, determining the display grayscale under the external electric field force to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force.

[0006] According to some exemplary embodiments, in the built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength is positively correlated with the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device; and / or, in the built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength is positively correlated with the charge volume density of each charged particle.

[0007] According to some exemplary embodiments, the various charged particles include display particles for adjusting a display grayscale; and obtaining model parameter information includes: obtaining a total amount of charge of the display particles.

[0008] According to some exemplary embodiments, the display particles include first color particles and second color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution number of the first color particles and the second color particles respectively; calculating the total charge of the first color particles based on the distribution number of the first color particles and the charge of a single first color particle; calculating the total charge of the second color particles based on the distribution number of the second color particles and the charge of a single second color particle; and calculating the average value of the absolute value of the total charge of the first color particles and the absolute value of the total charge of the second color particles, and taking the average value as the total charge of the display particles.

[0009] According to some exemplary embodiments, the display particles include single-color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution number of the single-color particles; and calculating the total charge of the single-color particles based on the distribution number of the single-color particles and the charge of a single single-color particle.

[0010] According to some exemplary embodiments, the display particles include first color particles, second color particles and third color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution number of the first color particles, the second color particles and the third color particles respectively; calculating the total charge of the first color particles based on the distribution number of the first color particles and the charge of a single first color particle; calculating the total charge of the second color particles based on the distribution number of the second color particles and the charge of a single second color particle; calculating the total charge of the third color particles based on the distribution number of the third color particles and the charge of a single third color particle; and calculating the average value of the absolute value of the total charge of the first color particles, the absolute value of the total charge of the second color particles and the absolute value of the total charge of the third color particles, and taking the average value as the total charge of the display particles.

[0011] According to some exemplary embodiments, the various charged particles further include charged colloids and polarized charges; and the obtaining of model parameter information further includes: obtaining the total amount of charge of the charged colloids; and obtaining the total amount of charge of the polarized charges.

[0012] According to some exemplary embodiments, obtaining the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device includes: determining the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device as the sum of the total charge of the display particles, the total charge of the charged colloid particles and the total charge of the polarized charges.

[0013] According to some exemplary embodiments, the various charged particles include charged colloids, polarized charges and display particles for adjusting display grayscale; the acquisition of model parameter information includes: acquiring the charge volume density of the display particles; acquiring the charge volume density of the charged colloids; and acquiring the charge volume density of the polarized charges.

[0014] According to some exemplary embodiments, obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of each of the first color particles and the second color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of each of the first color particles and the second color particles and the total charge of the display particles; and / or, obtaining the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of the charged colloid particles; obtaining the total charge of the charged colloid particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles based on the distribution volume of the charged colloid particles and the total charge of the charged colloid particles; and / or, obtaining the charge volume density of the polarized charges includes: estimating the distribution volume of the polarized charges; obtaining the total charge of the polarized charges; and calculating the charge volume density of the polarized charges based on the distribution volume of the polarized charges and the total charge of the polarized charges.

[0015] According to some exemplary embodiments, obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of the single-color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of the single-color particles and the total charge of the display particles; or, obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of each of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of each of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles and the total charge of the display particles.

[0016] According to some exemplary embodiments, the motion simulation step specifically includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being greater than or equal to the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform accelerated motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

[0017] According to some exemplary embodiments, the motion simulation step further specifically includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform deceleration motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

[0018] According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further includes: after the i-th particle simulates accelerated motion or decelerated motion, determining the relationship between i and the total number of particles N in the electronic paper display device; and in response to i not being equal to N, assigning a value of i+1 to i, and then repeating the motion simulation step.

[0019] According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further includes: in response to i being equal to N, recalculating the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles; and based on the recalculated charge volume density, repeatedly executing the built-in electric field strength calculation step, the built-in electric field force calculation step and the motion simulation step.

[0020] According to some exemplary embodiments, the method further includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, determining that the movement of the i-th particle has stopped in response to the movement direction of the i-th particle being reversed.

[0021] According to some exemplary embodiments, the built-in electric field model is:

[0022] Wherein, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device parallel to the built-in electric field direction, Q is the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, ρ1 is the charge volume density of display particles, ρ2 is the charge volume density of charged colloid particles, ρ3 is the charge volume density of polarized charges, and the operator && indicates that the built-in electric field strength E is positively correlated with the charge volume densities ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3 of various charged particles.

[0023] According to some exemplary embodiments, the built-in electric field model is:

[0024] Wherein, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device parallel to the built-in electric field direction, Q1(t) is the total charge of the display particles at time t, f1(t) is the charge volume density of the display particles at time t, Q2(t) is the total charge of the charged colloid particles at time t, f2(t) is the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles at time t, Q3(t) is the total charge of the polarized charges at time t, and f3(t) is the charge volume density of the polarized charges at time t.

[0025] According to some exemplary embodiments, the charge volume density f1(t) of the display particle at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0026] Among them, V P1 (t) is the distribution volume of the first color particles at time t, V P2 (t) is the distribution volume of the second color particles at time t, z1 is the first volume correction coefficient; and / or,

[0027] The charge volume density f2(t) of the charged colloid at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0028] Among them, V C1 (t) is the distribution volume of positively charged colloid particles at time t, V C2 (t) is the distribution volume of the negatively charged colloid particles at time t, z2 is the second volume correction coefficient; and / or,

[0029] The charge volume density f3(t) of the polarization charge at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0030] Among them, V PL1 (t) is the distribution volume of positive polarization charge at time t, V PL2 (t) is the distribution volume of negative polarization charge at time t, and z3 is the third volume correction coefficient.

[0031] On the other hand, a simulation device for an electronic paper display device is provided, characterized in that the device includes: a model parameter acquisition module for acquiring model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; a built-in electric field strength calculation module for calculating the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device through the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles. The output of the built-in electric field model includes a built-in electric field strength; a built-in electric field force calculation module, which is used to calculate the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device based on the built-in electric field strength; a motion simulation module, which is used to simulate the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; and a grayscale determination module, which is used to determine the display grayscale under the external electric field force in response to the cessation of the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, so as to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force.

[0032] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors execute the method according to any one of the above items.

[0033] In another aspect, an electronic paper display device is provided, wherein the relationship between the display grayscale and the applied electric field force of the electronic paper display device is determined based on any of the above methods.

[0034] According to some exemplary embodiments, the electronic paper display device includes: a base substrate; a first electrode arranged on the base substrate; a second electrode arranged on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate; and charged particles arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged particles being configured to be driven to the display side under the action of an external electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to achieve a display grayscale that satisfies the relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The above contents and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic plan view of an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing the display principle of a single sub-pixel of an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG3A is a schematic plan view of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, showing a plurality of charged particles; FIG3B is a schematic plan view of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, showing a single-color particle; FIG3C is a schematic plan view of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, showing three-color charged particles;

[0039] FIG4 is a flow chart of a simulation method for an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG5 is a simulation method of an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which illustrates the process from initial movement to final equilibrium of charged particles under the action of an external electric field;

[0041] 6A-6F are schematic diagrams of the states of various charged particles in a display element of an electronic paper display device under different conditions, wherein FIG6A shows the initial states of various charged particles, FIG6B shows the early states of various charged particles at the initial stage of an applied positive voltage, FIG6C shows the stable states of various charged particles when the applied positive voltage reaches a steady state, FIG6D shows the early states of various charged particles after voltage switching, FIG6E shows the intermediate states of various charged particles after voltage switching, and FIG6F shows the stable states of various charged particles after voltage switching;

[0042] 7A-7I are schematic diagrams showing the relationship between the grayscale of a display element and an applied electric field in an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a simulation device for an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a framework of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel included in an electronic paper display device according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0046] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the sizes of layers, structures or regions may be enlarged or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0048] It should be noted that in the drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of elements may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. Thus, the sizes and relative sizes of the individual elements are not necessarily limited to those shown in the drawings. In the specification and drawings, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar parts.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are simply used to distinguish different components. The terms "include," "comprising," and similar words mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" are used herein to indicate positions or relationships based on the figures shown. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present disclosure and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices, components, or parts referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. It should be understood that when the absolute positions of the objects being described change, the relative positions they represent may also change accordingly. Therefore, these directional terms should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0051] In this document, the directional expressions "first direction" and "second direction" are used to describe different directions along a pixel unit, such as the longitudinal and transverse directions of a pixel unit, or the row and column directions of a sub-pixel arrangement. It should be understood that such expressions are merely exemplary descriptions and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0052] E-paper is essentially a thin sheet display device with two main components: the electronic ink, sometimes called the front panel; and the back panel, which primarily houses the circuitry that enables the electronic ink page to display text or images. The electronic ink consists of numerous microcapsules, each composed primarily of a transparent liquid that holds a large number of negatively charged white particles and positively charged black particles. When a positive electric field is applied to the front panel of the e-paper, the white particles migrate to the top of the microcapsules, appearing as a white dot, while the black particles sink to the bottom, disappearing from view. When an opposite electric field is applied, the black particles migrate to the top of the microcapsules and the white particles sink to the bottom, forming black text or images. E-paper display technology can be controlled by the bottom selective electrode, resulting in a gray color composed of some black and some white particles, thus enabling a certain level of contrast.

[0053] Based on the principle of electronic paper, each microcapsule contains many particles. If cyan, magenta, yellow, and other colored particles are added to the electronic paper display device, a full-color display effect can be achieved, which is also known as a color ink screen. Electronic paper display devices using color ink screens can also display color text or images.

[0054] It should be noted that electronic ink can contain not only charged particles of two different colors for use in a dual-color display device, but also charged particles of only one color for use in a monochrome display device. And / or, electronic ink can also include charged particles of more colors, for example, charged particles of three colors, which can include first color particles, second color particles, and third color particles. For example, the first color particles can be red charged particles, the second color particles can be yellow charged particles, and the third color particles can be cyan charged particles. The type and quantity of charged color particles can be designed according to the specific display effect of the display device, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0055] In order to improve the efficiency of electronic paper research and development and reduce research and development costs, a simulation model can be established to calculate the correspondence between the applied voltage of the electrode and the grayscale of the electronic paper display, which can effectively help researchers to develop and design electronic paper display devices. Due to the lack of mature electronic ink simulation software on the market, the current simulation of electronic ink systems mainly relies on self-built models. Due to the complexity of the electronic ink system, for example, the particle size and surface charge of black and white particles, the viscosity of the transmission medium and its dielectric, the magnitude of charged colloids and polarization, the relationship between the external electric field and the box thickness, the solid content of black and white particles, etc. will affect the display effect and steady-state performance of the electronic paper display device. One of the current difficulties in simulation in this field is the complex internal force process of the electronic ink system under the external electric field, and finally the realization of grayscale distinction under different voltages.

[0056] Some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a simulation method for an electronic paper display device, characterized in that the method includes: a model parameter acquisition step: acquiring model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; a built-in electric field strength calculation step: calculating the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device through the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles and the external electric field force; The charge volume density of each particle, the output of the built-in electric field model includes the built-in electric field strength; the built-in electric field force calculation step: based on the built-in electric field strength, the built-in electric field force of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is calculated; the motion simulation step: according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is simulated; and the grayscale determination step: in response to the cessation of the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, the display grayscale under the external electric field force is determined to obtain the simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force. By establishing a variable built-in electric field calculation model, it is possible to participate in the force process of the particles in real time as the particles move, and finally make various charged particles reach a force equilibrium state, thereby realizing the simulation of the voltage-grayscale relationship of the electronic ink system. This model can quickly and efficiently realize the simulation of the initial steady state of the electronic ink system, thereby improving the efficiency of device development.

[0057] FIG1 is a schematic plan view of an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] 1 , an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a base substrate 100, a pixel unit PX disposed on the base substrate 100, a driving unit DRU disposed on the base substrate 100, and a trace PL electrically connecting the pixel unit PX to the driving unit DRU, wherein the driving unit DRU is used to drive the pixel unit PX.

[0059] The display device may include a display area AA and a non-display area NA. The display area AA may be an area where pixel units PX displaying an image are provided. The non-display area NA is an area where pixel units PX are not provided, that is, it may be an area where no image is displayed. A driving unit DRU for driving the pixel unit PX and some traces PL connecting the pixel unit PX to the driving unit DRU may be provided in the non-display area NA. The non-display area NA corresponds to a frame in the final display device, and the width of the frame may be determined based on the width of the non-display area NA.

[0060] The display area AA can have various shapes. For example, the display area AA can be provided in various shapes, such as a closed polygon (e.g., a rectangle) with straight sides, a circle or an ellipse with curved sides, or a semicircle or a semiellipse with both straight and curved sides. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the display area AA is provided as a quadrilateral with straight sides. It should be understood that this is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0061] The non-display area NA may be provided on at least one side of the display area AA. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-display area NA may surround the periphery of the display area AA. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-display area NA may include a transverse portion extending in the first direction D1 and a longitudinal portion extending in the second direction D2.

[0062] The pixel unit PX is provided in the display area AA. The pixel unit PX is the smallest unit for displaying an image and can be provided in plurality. For example, the pixel unit PX can include microcapsules that display white and / or black.

[0063] The pixel cells PX may be provided in a plurality and arranged in a matrix along rows extending in the first direction D1 and columns extending in the second direction D2. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit the arrangement of the pixel cells PX, and the pixel cells PX may be arranged in various forms. For example, the pixel cells PX may be arranged such that a direction inclined relative to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 becomes a column direction, and a direction intersecting the column direction becomes a row direction.

[0064] A pixel unit PX may include multiple sub-pixels. For example, a pixel unit PX may include three sub-pixels, namely, a first sub-pixel SP1, a second sub-pixel SP2, and a third sub-pixel SP3. For another example, a pixel unit PX may include four sub-pixels, namely, a first sub-pixel SP1, a second sub-pixel SP2, a third sub-pixel SP3, and a fourth sub-pixel. For example, the first sub-pixel SP1 may be a white sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel SP2 may be a black sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel SP3 may be a color sub-pixel.

[0065] Each sub-pixel may include a display element and a pixel driving circuit for driving the display element. For example, a first sub-pixel SP1 may include a first display element A11 and a first pixel driving circuit SPC1 for driving the first display element, and the first display element A11 may display white. A second sub-pixel SP2 may include a second display element A12 and a second pixel driving circuit SPC2 for driving the second display element A12, and the second display element may display black. A third sub-pixel SP3 may include a third display element A13 and a third pixel driving circuit SPC3 for driving the third display element A13, and the third display element may display color.

[0066] 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating the display principle of a single sub-pixel of an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, with reference to FIG1 and FIG2A , an electronic paper display device may include multiple pixel units PX, each of which may include multiple sub-pixels, such as a first sub-pixel SP1, a second sub-pixel SP2, and a third sub-pixel SP3. A single sub-pixel, such as the first sub-pixel SP1, may include a display element A1 and a pixel drive circuit SPC1 for driving the display element A1. The display element A1 may include multiple charged particles, such as a plurality of positively charged black particles W1 and a plurality of negatively charged white particles W2. The pixel drive circuit SPC1 may include two thin-film electrodes S1 and S2, and the display element A1 may be located between the two thin-film electrodes. When an external electric field is applied to the thin film electrodes on both sides of the display element A1, for example, a negative voltage is applied to the thin film electrode S2 on the side close to the substrate as a negative electrode, and a positive voltage is applied to the thin film electrode S1 on the side away from the substrate and close to the display light direction as a positive electrode, then the multiple charged particles in the display element will make corresponding movements under the action of the external electric field. For example, the negatively charged white particles W2 will move toward the positive electrode side, and the positively charged black particles W1 will move toward the negative electrode side. The stronger the applied external electric field, the faster the corresponding charged particles move, and the more negatively charged white particles W2 accumulate on the side close to the display light direction, thus appearing white.

[0068] If the direction of the applied electric field is changed, as shown in Figure 2B, for example, a positive voltage is applied to the cell membrane electrode S2 on the side close to the substrate, serving as the positive electrode, and a negative voltage is applied to the thin film electrode S1 on the side away from the substrate and close to the display light direction, serving as the negative electrode. Then, the charged particles in the display element will also change accordingly based on the change in the applied electric field. For example, the negatively charged white particles W2 will move toward the positive electrode, and the positively charged black particles W1 will move toward the negative electrode. The stronger the applied electric field, the faster the corresponding charged particles move, and the more positively charged black particles W1 accumulate on the side close to the display light direction, resulting in a black appearance.

[0069] By varying the applied electric field, the suspension and sedimentation of different charged particles between the two electrode films S1 and S2 can be controlled, resulting in an orderly arrangement of charged particles of different colors, thereby controlling the display element A1 to present different visual effects. Different electric fields cause different states of motion of different charged particles. This results in different colors and charge densities for particles farther from the substrate and closer to the display light direction when the charged particles reach equilibrium, and correspondingly different display effects on the display element A1. Therefore, by regulating the applied electric field, it is possible to distinguish different grayscales on the electronic paper.

[0070] Figure 3A is a planar schematic diagram of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in which two colors of charged particles are shown; Figure 3B is a planar schematic diagram of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in which a single-color particle is shown; Figure 3C is a planar schematic diagram of a display element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in which three colors of charged particles are shown.

[0071] The display element A1 may include not only a plurality of positively charged black particles W1 and a plurality of negatively charged white particles W2, but also a plurality of other charged particles, such as a plurality of charged colloid particles Cell or a plurality of polarized charges Polar. The plurality of other charged particles will also move with the applied external electric field. Referring to FIG3A , when a plurality of white particles W2 and a plurality of black particles W1 gradually move to both sides under the action of the electric field force, the charged colloid particles Cell and the polarized charges Polar with the same polarity charge and smaller volume will also move to both sides of the electrode. The polarized charges Polar and the charged colloid particles Cell may gather in the gap area between the white particles W2 or the black particles W1. The charged colloid particles Cell include positively charged colloid particles Cell1 and negatively charged colloid particles Cell2, and the polarized charges Polar include positively charged polarized charges Polar1 and negatively charged polarized charges Polar2.

[0072] Various charged particles, such as black particles W1, white particles W2, positively charged colloid particles Cell1 and negatively charged colloid particles Cell2, as well as positively polarized charges Polar1 and negatively polarized charges Polar2, establish a built-in electric field E in display element A1. When the external electric field remains unchanged, the various charged particles gradually move from a state of motion to a state of equilibrium under the combined action of the external electric field E0 and the built-in electric field E. At this point, the number and volume of charged particles near the side where the light is displayed are relatively stable, resulting in a display effect with a specific grayscale corresponding to the external electric field. Therefore, by establishing a variable built-in electric field model that can participate in the force process of the particles in real time as the charged particles move, ultimately causing the various charged particles, such as black particles W1 and white particles W2, to reach a state of force equilibrium, thereby achieving simulation of the voltage-grayscale relationship of the electronic ink system. This simulation model can be used to quickly and efficiently simulate the initial steady-state of the electronic ink system, which is beneficial to improving device development efficiency and reducing R&D cycle and R&D costs.

[0073] It should be noted that the display particles used to adjust the display grayscale may include not only black and white particles, but also display particles of other colors, such as display particles with cyan, magenta, yellow, etc. It should also be noted that the display particles used to adjust the display grayscale may include display particles of a single color, such as only black particles or only white particles.

[0074] For example, referring to FIG3B , the display particles used to adjust the display grayscale may include a single-color particle Part0. By adjusting the distribution of the single-color particle Part0 in different areas, a single-color display can be achieved. Referring to FIG3C , the display particles used to adjust the display grayscale may also include three colors of charged particles, such as a first color particle Part1, a second color particle Part2, and a third color particle Part3. For example, two of the three colors of charged particles may be negatively charged and one positively charged; or two of the three colors may be positively charged and one negatively charged. This disclosure does not limit the types of colors of the display particles or the number of color types.

[0075] FIG4 is a flowchart of a simulation method for an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0076] Optionally, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a simulation method for an electronic paper display device. Referring to FIG. 4 , the method includes steps S001 to S005 .

[0077] In step S001, model parameters are obtained, including obtaining model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each charged particle, and the external electric field force F.

[0078] In step S002, the built-in electric field strength E is calculated: the built-in electric field strength E of the electronic paper display device is calculated using the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each charged particle; the output of the built-in electric field model includes the built-in electric field strength E.

[0079] In step S003, the built-in electric field force Fni is calculated. Based on the built-in electric field strength E, the built-in electric field force Fni on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is calculated.

[0080] In step S004, motion simulation is performed to simulate the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force F and the built-in electric field force Fni to which each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is subjected.

[0081] In step S005 , the grayscale is determined. When the movement of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device stops, the display grayscale under the external electric field force F is determined to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force.

[0082] By establishing a variable built-in electric field model, the system can interact with the forces acting on charged particles in real time as they move, ultimately achieving a force equilibrium between charged particles, such as black particles W1 and white particles W2. This allows for the simulation of the voltage-grayscale relationship of the electronic ink system. This simulation model allows for quick and efficient simulation of the initial steady-state of the electronic ink system, improving device development efficiency and reducing R&D cycles and costs.

[0083] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the built-in electric field strength E in the built-in electric field model is positively correlated with the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device; and / or, in the built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength is positively correlated with the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles. That is, when the volume of the electronic paper display device is fixed, the greater the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device within the same volume, the greater the built-in electric field strength E established according to the built-in electric field model; and / or, when the number and charge types of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device remain unchanged, and the volume of the electronic paper display device is reduced, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles in the electronic paper display device will increase, and accordingly, the built-in electric field will also increase. For example, the various charged particles in the electronic paper display device include display particles Part, charged colloid particles Cell, and polarized charge Polar and other charged particles. When the charge quantity of the display particles Part, charged colloid particles Cell, and polarized charge Polar and other charged particles remains unchanged, and the volume of the electronic paper display device decreases, then the charge volume density ρ1 of the display particles Part will increase, and the corresponding built-in electric field will also increase; and / or, the charge volume density ρ2 of the charged colloid particles Cell will increase, and the corresponding built-in electric field will also increase; and / or, the charge volume density ρ3 of the polarized charge Polar will increase, and the corresponding built-in electric field will also increase.

[0084] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the various charged particles include display particles Part for adjusting a display grayscale.

[0085] Optionally, the display particles Part may include first color particles Part1 and second color particles Part2.

[0086] Optionally, the acquiring model parameter information includes: acquiring the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part.

[0087] Optionally, obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part includes: estimating the distribution number of each of the first color particle Part1 and the second color particle Part2, and calculating the total charge Q of the first color particle according to the distribution number of the first color particle Part1 and the charge of a single first color particle Part1. 11 According to the distribution number of the second color particles Part2 and the charge of a single second color particle Part2, the total charge Q of the second color particles is calculated. 12 ; and calculate the total amount Q of the first color particle Part1 11 The absolute value of the total charge Q of the second color particle Part212 The average value of the absolute value of is taken as the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part. That is, the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part satisfies the following calculation formula: Q1=(|Q 11 |+|Q 12 |) / 2.

[0088] It should be noted that the charge of a single particle can be obtained using some well-known measurement methods or calculation methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] Optionally, the display particles Part may include single-color particles. In this embodiment, obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part may include: estimating the distribution number of the single-color particles; and calculating the total charge of the single-color particles based on the distribution number of the single-color particles and the charge of each single-color particle.

[0090] Optionally, the display particles Part may include only monochrome particles Part0; obtaining the model parameter information includes: obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part; obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part includes: estimating the distribution number of the monochrome particles Part0, calculating the total charge Q0 of the monochrome particles based on the distribution number of the monochrome particles Part0 and the charge of each monochrome particle Part0; and using the absolute value of the total charge Q0 of the monochrome particles as the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part. In other words, the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part satisfies the following calculation formula: Q1 = |Q0|

[0091] Optionally, the display particles Part may include first color particles, second color particles, and third color particles. In this embodiment, obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particles Part may include: estimating the distribution number of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles; calculating the total charge of the first color particles based on the distribution number of the first color particles and the charge of a single first color particle; calculating the total charge of the second color particles based on the distribution number of the second color particles and the charge of a single second color particle; calculating the total charge of the third color particles based on the distribution number of the third color particles and the charge of a single third color particle; and calculating the average value of the absolute value of the total charge of the first color particles, the absolute value of the total charge of the second color particles, and the absolute value of the total charge of the third color particles, and taking the average value as the total charge of the display particles.

[0092] Optionally, the display particle Part may further include a first color particle Part1, a second color particle Part2, and a third color particle Part3; the obtaining of the model parameter information includes: obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part; the obtaining of the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part includes: estimating the respective distribution quantities of the first color particle Part1, the second color particle Part2, and the third color particle Part3, and calculating the total charge Q of the first color particle according to the distribution quantity of the first color particle Part1 and the charge of a single first color particle Part1. 11 According to the distribution number of the second color particles Part2 and the charge of a single second color particle Part2, the total charge Q of the second color particles is calculated. 12 Calculate the total charge Q of the third color particles according to the distribution number of the third color particles Part3 and the charge of a single third color particle Part3 13 ; and calculate the total amount Q of the first color particle Part1 11 The absolute value of the second color particle Part2, the total charge Q 12 The absolute value of the total charge Q of the third color particle Part3 13 The average value of the absolute value of , the average value is used as the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part. That is, the total charge Q1 of the display particle Part satisfies the following calculation formula: Q1=(|Q 11 |+|Q 12 |+|Q 13 |) / 3.

[0093] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the various charged particles further include charged colloids Cell and polarized charges Polar; the acquisition of model parameter information further includes: acquiring the total charge Q2 of the charged colloids Cell and acquiring the total charge Q3 of the polarized charges Polar. Wherein, acquiring the total charge Q2 of the charged colloids Cell may include: estimating the respective distribution numbers of the positively charged colloids Cell1 and the negatively charged colloids Cell2, and calculating the total charge Q of the positively charged colloids Cell1 based on the distribution number of the positively charged colloids Cell1 and the charge of a single positively charged colloid Cell1. 21 According to the distribution number of the negatively charged colloid Cell2 and the charge of a single negatively charged colloid Cell2, the total charge Q of the negatively charged colloid Cell2 is calculated. 22 ; and calculate the total charge Q of the positively charged colloid Cell1 21The absolute value of the negatively charged colloid Cell2 and the total charge Q 22 The average value of the absolute value of the charged particles Cell is used as the total charge Q2 of the charged particles Cell. That is, the total charge Q2 of the charged particles Cell satisfies the following calculation formula: Q2=(|Q 21 |+|Q 22 |) / 2.

[0094] Obtaining the total charge Q3 of the polarized charge Polar includes: estimating the distribution number of the positively charged polarized charge Polar1 and the negatively charged polarized charge Polar2, and calculating the total charge Q of the positively charged polarized charge Polar1 according to the distribution number of the positively charged polarized charge Polar1 and the charge of the single positively charged polarized charge Polar1. 31 Calculate the total charge Q of the negatively charged polarized charge Polar2 according to the distribution number of the negatively charged polarized charge Polar2 and the charge of a single negatively charged polarized charge Polar2 32 ; and calculate the total amount Q of the positively charged polarized charge Polar1 31 The absolute value of the negative polarization charge Polar2 and the total charge Q 32 The average value of the absolute value of the polarized charge Polar is used as the total charge Q3 of the polarized charge Polar. That is, the total charge Q3 of the polarized charge Polar satisfies the following calculation formula: Q3=(|Q 31 |+|Q 32 |) / 2.

[0095] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device includes: determining the sum of the total charge Q1 of the display particles, the total charge Q2 of the charged colloid particles, and the total charge Q3 of the polarized charges as the total charge Q of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, that is, the total charge Q of various charged particles satisfies the following calculation formula: Q=Q1+Q2+Q3.

[0096] FIG5 is a simulation method of an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which illustrates the process from initial movement to final equilibrium of charged particles under the action of an external electric field.

[0097] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the various charged particles include charged colloid particles Cell, polarized charges Polar, and display particles Part for adjusting the display grayscale; referring to Figure 5, the acquisition of model parameter information includes: acquiring the charge volume density ρ1 of the display particles; acquiring the charge volume density ρ2 of the charged colloid particles; and acquiring the charge volume density ρ3 of the polarized charges.

[0098] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the charge volume density ρ1 of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of each of the first color particle Part1 and the second color particle Part2; obtaining the total charge Q1 of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density ρ1 of the display particles based on the distribution volume Vp1 of the first color particle Part1 and the distribution volume Vp2 of the second color particle Part2 and the total charge Q1 of the display particles; and / or obtaining the charge volume density ρ2 of the charged colloid particles. It includes: estimating the distribution volume Vc of the charged colloid particles; obtaining the total charge Q2 of the charged colloid particles; and calculating the charge volume density ρ2 of the charged colloid particles based on the distribution volume Vc of the charged colloid particles and the total charge Q2 of the charged colloid particles; and / or, obtaining the charge volume density ρ3 of the polarized charges includes: estimating the distribution volume VpL of the polarized charges; obtaining the total charge Q3 of the polarized charges; and calculating the charge volume density ρ3 of the polarized charges based on the distribution volume VpL of the polarized charges and the total charge Q3 of the polarized charges.

[0099] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of the single-color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of the single-color particles and the total charge of the display particles.

[0100] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of each of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of each of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles and the total charge of the display particles.

[0101] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the built-in electric field strength E of the electronic paper display device is calculated based on the acquired model parameter information and a pre-built built-in electric field model, wherein the built-in electric field model is:

[0102] Wherein, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device, Q is the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, ρ1 is the charge volume density of display particles, ρ2 is the charge volume density of charged colloid particles, ρ3 is the charge volume density of polarized charges, and the operator && indicates that the built-in electric field strength E is positively correlated with the charge volume densities ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3 of various charged particles.

[0103] It should be noted that the cross section of a single display pixel may be a cross section of the single display pixel in the electronic paper display device along the direction of the built-in electric field, that is, a cross section parallel to the direction of the built-in electric field.

[0104] Exemplarily, the preset constant m may be related to factors such as the electrostatic force constant, the adjustable coefficient, and the dielectric constant. For example, m may be calculated using the following formula:

[0105] Where k is the electrostatic force constant, h is the adjustable coefficient, and ξ is the dielectric constant.

[0106] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the various charged particles in the electronic paper display device may include: display particles Part, charged colloid particles Cell, and polarized charges Polar, and model parameter information of the electronic paper display device at time t is obtained. Based on the obtained model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength E of the electronic paper display device is calculated, wherein the built-in electric field model is:

[0107] Wherein, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device, Q1(t) is the total charge of the display particles at time t, f1(t) is the charge volume density of the display particles at time t, Q2(t) is the total charge of the charged colloid particles at time t, f2(t) is the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles at time t, Q3(t) is the total charge of the polarized charges at time t, and f3(t) is the charge volume density of the polarized charges at time t.

[0108] For example, the charge volume density f1(t) of the display particle at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0109] Among them, V P1 (t) is the distribution volume of the first color particles at time t, V P2 (t) is the distribution volume of the second color particles at time t, z1 is the first volume correction coefficient; and / or,

[0110] The charge volume density f2(t) of the charged colloid at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0111] Among them, V C1 (t) is the distribution volume of positively charged colloid particles at time t, V C2 (t) is the distribution volume of the negatively charged colloid particles at time t, z2 is the second volume correction coefficient; and / or,

[0112] The charge volume density f3(t) of the polarization charge at time t is calculated by the following formula:

[0113] Among them, V PL1 (t) is the distribution volume of positive polarization charge at time t, V PL2 (t) is the distribution volume of negative polarization charge at time t, and z3 is the third volume correction coefficient.

[0114] With reference to FIG3A and FIG5 , the built-in electric field force acting on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is calculated based on the built-in electric field strength. For example, if the charge of a charged particle a is q and the built-in electric field strength is E, the built-in electric field force acting on the charged particle a is Fni = E*q. When the charged particle moves within the electronic paper display device, it is not only affected by the external electric field force F, but also by the built-in electric field force Fni and the Stokes resistance Fst. The Stokes resistance Fst satisfies the following calculation formula: Fst = 4πηvR, where η is the viscosity of the liquid, v is the velocity of the charged particle relative to the liquid, and R is the radius of the charged particle.

[0115] The force analysis of the charged particle a is performed. For example, the charged particle a is subjected to an upward external electric field force F, a downward built-in electric field force Fni, and a downward Stokes resistance Fst.

[0116] It should be noted that in addition to the external electric field force F, the built-in electric field force Fni, and the Stokes drag Fst, the particles may also be subjected to other forces, such as gravity and buoyancy. The force model disclosed herein only schematically illustrates the main forces acting on the particles, but the particle force model is not limited thereto and may also include other force models, such as those that include gravity and buoyancy. It should be understood that this is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and does not limit the present disclosure.

[0117] By analyzing the external electric field force F and the built-in electric field force Fni and Stokes resistance Fst acting on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, the movement of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device can be simulated.

[0118] Exemplarily, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to FIG5 , motion simulation is performed on the charged particles in the electronic paper display device, and the motion simulation step specifically includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being greater than or equal to the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform accelerated motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

[0119] Exemplarily, continuing to refer to Figure 5, the motion simulation step further specifically includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform deceleration motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

[0120] Exemplarily, the method further includes: after the i-th particle simulates accelerated motion or decelerated motion, determining the relationship between i and the total number of particles N in the electronic paper display device; and in response to i not being equal to N, assigning a value of i+1 to i, and then repeating the motion simulation step.

[0121] Exemplarily, continuing to refer to Figure 5, the method also includes: in response to i being equal to N, recalculating the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles; and based on the recalculated charge volume density, repeating the built-in electric field strength calculation step, the built-in electric field force calculation step and the motion simulation step.

[0122] According to some exemplary embodiments, with continued reference to FIG. 5 , the method further includes: for the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, determining the direction of motion of the i-th particle; and in response to the direction of motion of the i-th particle being reversed, determining that the motion of the i-th particle has stopped. In response to the motion of the i-th particle stopping, assigning a value of k+1 to k, where k is the number of particles that have reached a stopped state. Prior to the start of the motion simulation, the value of k is 0, and the motion simulation step is then repeated.

[0123] Exemplarily, continuing to refer to FIG5 , the method further includes: in response to k being equal to N, determining that the electronic paper display device has reached a steady state, ending the loop, and outputting the relationship between the external electric field force F in the current state and the corresponding grayscale.

[0124] By using the simulation method of the electronic paper display device, a calculation program can be used to quickly calculate the corresponding relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force in the electronic paper display device with different parameters, assisting developers in designing and optimizing the parameters, which can greatly improve R&D efficiency while saving costs.

[0125] Figures 6A-6F are schematic diagrams of the states of various charged particles in the display element of the electronic paper display device under different external electric field conditions, wherein Figure 6A shows the initial state of various charged particles, Figure 6B shows the state of various charged particles at the initial stage of applied positive voltage, Figure 6C shows the state of various charged particles when reaching steady state under applied positive voltage, Figure 6D shows the early state of various charged particles after voltage switching, Figure 6E shows the mid-term state of various charged particles after voltage switching, and Figure 6F shows the stable state of various charged particles after voltage switching.

[0126] Optionally, in some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, in combination with Figures 6A-6F, the simulation method of the electronic paper display device can be used to simulate and calculate the motion states of various charged particles in the display elements of the electronic paper display device under different external electric fields.

[0127] For example, the various charged particles in the electronic paper display device may include display particles used for display and various other charged particles, such as charged colloid particles and polarized charges. The display particles may include positively charged black particles W1 and negatively charged white particles W2. To clearly and concisely describe the relationship between the applied electric field and the display state, only black particles W1 and white particles W2 are schematically illustrated in Figures 6A-6F, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0128] 6A , before the external electric field is applied, various charged particles in the display element of the electronic paper display device are randomly distributed in the display element; referring to FIG6B , when a positive voltage is applied to the thin film electrode S1 away from the substrate and close to the light display side, the negatively charged white particles W2 will move toward the S1 electrode side, and the positively charged black particles W1 will move toward the S2 electrode side. In the early stage of applying the positive voltage, since the movement of various charged particles is not sufficient, most of the middle area of ​​the display element A1 still maintains a state of chaotic mixing of black particles W1 and white particles W2; referring to FIG6C , after a period of time of applying the positive voltage, the movement of black particles W1 and white particles W2 toward the electrodes on both sides will gradually stabilize. At this time, a large number of white particles gather near the S1 electrode, and a large number of black particles gather near the S2 electrode. As the S1 electrode is located on the light-emitting side, the display element displays white at this time; referring to FIG6D , when a negative voltage is applied to the thin-film electrode S1 away from the substrate and close to the light-emitting side of the display, the steady state of the black particles W1 and the white particles W2 is broken, and under the action of the external electric field force, the white particles W2 move toward the S2 electrode side, and the black particles move toward the S1 electrode side; referring to FIG6E , as the black particles W1 and the white particles W2 move, the black particles W1 will get closer and closer to the S1 electrode, while the white particles W2 will get further and further away from the S1 electrode; referring to FIG6F , when the black particles W1 and the white particles W2 reach a stable state, a large number of black particles gather near the S1 electrode, and a large number of white particles gather near the S2 electrode. As the S1 electrode is located on the light-emitting side, the display element displays black at this time.

[0129] By using the simulation method of the electronic paper display device, a calculation program can be used to quickly calculate the corresponding relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force in the electronic paper display device with different parameters, assisting developers in designing and optimizing the parameters, which can greatly improve R&D efficiency while saving costs.

[0130] 7A-7I are schematic diagrams showing the relationship between the grayscale of a display element and an external electric field in an electronic paper display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0131] For example, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the simulation method of the electronic paper display device can also simulate and calculate the display grayscale in the display element under different external voltages, thereby establishing a relationship diagram between the external electric field force and the display grayscale. With reference to Figures 7A to 7I, by setting various model information parameters in the simulation model of the electronic paper display device, and then gradually adjusting the size of the external electric field, as the external electric field gradually increases, the concentration of white particles close to the light-emitting side of the display gradually increases, so that the display element presents different grayscales. When the external electric field increases to a certain value, such as 15V, the grayscale change of the display element is no longer obvious. By simulating and calculating the grayscale of the display element under different external electric fields, it is more convenient to optimize the design of the parameters of the electronic paper display device and improve research and development efficiency.

[0132] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a simulation device of an electronic paper display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0133] Optionally, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a simulation device 200 for an electronic paper display device. Referring to FIG8 , the device 200 includes: a model parameter acquisition module 1 for acquiring model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; a built-in electric field strength calculation module 2 for calculating the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device using the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles and the external electric field force; The charge volume density of each charged particle, the output of the built-in electric field model includes a built-in electric field strength; a built-in electric field force calculation module 3, used to calculate the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device based on the built-in electric field strength; a motion simulation module 4, used to simulate the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; and a grayscale determination module 5, used to determine the display grayscale under the external electric field force in response to the cessation of the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, so as to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force.

[0134] By using the simulation device of the electronic paper display device, a calculation program can be used to quickly calculate the correspondence between the display grayscale and the external electric field force in the electronic paper display device with different parameters, assisting developers in designing and optimizing the parameters, which can greatly improve R&D efficiency while saving costs.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, any multiple modules among the model parameter acquisition module 1, the built-in electric field strength calculation module 2, the built-in electric field force calculation module 3, the motion simulation module 4 and the grayscale determination module 5 can be combined into one module for implementation, or any one of the modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the functions of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least part of the functions of other modules and implemented in one module. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the model parameter acquisition module 1, the built-in electric field strength calculation module 2, the built-in electric field force calculation module 3, the motion simulation module 4 and the grayscale determination module 5 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware such as any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or implemented in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware and firmware, or in an appropriate combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of the model parameter acquisition module 1, the built-in electric field strength calculation module 2, the built-in electric field force calculation module 3, the motion simulation module 4 and the grayscale determination module 5 can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, and when the computer program module is run, the corresponding function can be executed.

[0136] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a framework of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0137] Optionally, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device 600. Referring to Figure 9, the electronic device 600 includes one or more processors 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from a storage part 608 into a random access memory (RAM) 603. The processor 601 may, for example, include a general-purpose microprocessor (such as a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or a related chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (for example, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 601 may also include on-board memory for caching purposes. The processor 601 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0138] Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 600 are stored in the RAM 603. The processor 601, the ROM 602, and the RAM 603 are connected to each other via a bus 604. The processor 601 executes the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs in the ROM 602 and / or the RAM 603. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 602 and the RAM 603. The processor 601 may also execute the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs stored in the one or more memories.

[0139] Electronic device 600 may also include an input / output (I / O) interface 605, which is also connected to bus 604. Electronic device 600 may also include one or more of the following components connected to I / O interface 605: an input section 606 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 607 including devices such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), and speakers; a storage section 608 including a hard disk; and a communication section 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card or modem. Communication section 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to I / O interface 605 as needed. Removable media 611, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed in drive 610 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed into storage section 608 as needed.

[0140] By using the electronic device, the program of any of the above-mentioned simulation methods can be executed to quickly calculate the corresponding relationship between the displayed grayscale and the external electric field force in the electronic paper display device with different parameters, assisting developers in designing and optimizing the parameters, which can greatly improve R&D efficiency while saving costs.

[0141] Optionally, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic paper display device, wherein the relationship between the display grayscale and the applied electric field force of the electronic paper display device is determined based on the method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0142] The electronic paper display device includes: a base substrate; a first electrode disposed on the base substrate; a second electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate; and charged particles disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged particles being configured to be driven toward the display side under the action of an external electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to achieve a display grayscale that satisfies the relationship between the display grayscale and the externally applied electric field force. Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel included in an electronic paper display device according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0143] Exemplarily, the electronic paper display device includes a display panel. Referring to FIG10 , the display panel includes a base substrate 100; an S2 electrode (i.e., a first electrode) located on the base substrate 100; a display adjustment unit 300 located on the side of the S2 electrode away from the base substrate 100; and an S1 electrode (i.e., a second electrode) located on the side of the display adjustment unit 300 away from the base substrate 100. The display adjustment unit 300 may include a large number of display particles for adjusting the display effect, such as charged black particles W1 and charged white particles W2. The display adjustment unit 300 is located between the S1 electrode and the S2 electrode. When the S1 electrode and the S2 electrode are conductive, the display particles in the display adjustment unit 300 will move toward or away from the base substrate under the action of an external electric field, wherein the S1 electrode may be a transparent or translucent electrode. When the display particles moving away from the base substrate move to an area near the S1 electrode, the color of the display particles will appear in the corresponding area. That is, the charged particles are driven to the display side under the action of the external electric field applied between the first electrode S2 and the second electrode S1 to achieve a display gray scale that satisfies the relationship between the display gray scale and the external electric field force.

[0144] Although some embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation method for an electronic paper display device, characterized in that: The method comprises: Model parameter acquisition step: acquiring model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; A step of calculating the built-in electric field strength: calculating the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device by using the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the output of the built-in electric field model includes the built-in electric field strength; Built-in electric field force calculation step: based on the built-in electric field strength, calculating the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; A motion simulation step: simulating the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device; and Grayscale determination step: in response to the cessation of movement of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, determining the display grayscale under the externally applied electric field force to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the externally applied electric field force.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: In the built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength is positively correlated with the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device; and / or, In the built-in electric field model, the built-in electric field strength is positively correlated with the charge volume density of each charged particle.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The various charged particles include display particles for adjusting the display gray scale; The obtaining of model parameter information includes: obtaining the total amount of charge of the display particles.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: The display particles include first color particles and second color particles; The obtaining of the total amount of charge of the display particles comprises: estimating the distribution quantity of the first color particles and the second color particles respectively; Calculating the total amount of charge of the first color particles according to the distribution number of the first color particles and the charge of a single first color particle; Calculating the total amount of charge of the second color particles according to the distribution number of the second color particles and the charge of a single second color particle; and The average value of the absolute value of the total amount of charge of the first color particles and the absolute value of the total amount of charge of the second color particles is calculated, and the average value is used as the total charge of the display particles.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein: The display particles include single-color particles; The obtaining of the total amount of charge of the display particles comprises: estimating the distribution quantity of the single-color particles; and The total amount of charge of the single-color particles is calculated based on the distribution number of the single-color particles and the charge of a single single-color particle.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein: The display particles include first color particles, second color particles and third color particles; The obtaining of the total amount of charge of the display particles comprises: estimating the distribution quantity of each of the first color particle, the second color particle and the third color particle; Calculating the total amount of charge of the first color particles according to the distribution number of the first color particles and the charge of a single first color particle; Calculating the total amount of charge of the second color particles according to the distribution number of the second color particles and the charge of a single second color particle; Calculating the total amount of charge of the third color particles according to the distribution number of the third color particles and the charge of a single third color particle; and The absolute value of the total charge of the first color particles, the absolute value of the total charge of the second color particles, and the absolute value of the total charge of the third color particles are calculated, and the average value is used as the total charge of the display particles.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein: The various charged particles also include charged colloid particles and polarized charges; The obtaining of model parameter information also includes: obtaining the total amount of charge of the charged colloid particles; and obtaining the total amount of charge of the polarized charges.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein: Obtaining the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device includes: determining the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device as the sum of the total charge of the display particles, the total charge of the charged colloid particles and the total charge of the polarized charges.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The various charged particles include charged colloid particles, polarized charges and display particles for adjusting display grayscale; The obtaining of model parameter information includes: obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles; obtaining the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles; and obtaining the charge volume density of the polarized charges.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: Obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles comprises: estimating the distribution volume of each of the first color particles and the second color particles; Acquiring the total charge of the display particles; and Calculating the charge volume density of the display particles according to the distribution volumes of the first color particles and the second color particles and the total charge of the display particles; and / or, Obtaining the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles comprises: estimating the distribution volume of the charged colloid particles; Obtaining the total charge of the charged colloid particles; and Calculating the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles according to the distribution volume of the charged colloid particles and the total charge of the charged colloid particles; and / or, Obtaining the charge volume density of the polarization charge includes: estimating a distribution volume of the polarization charge; Obtaining the total charge amount of the polarization charges; and The charge volume density of the polarized charges is calculated according to the distribution volume of the polarized charges and the total charge amount of the polarized charges.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein: Obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of the single-color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles according to the distribution volume of the single-color particles and the total charge of the display particles; or, Obtaining the charge volume density of the display particles includes: estimating the distribution volume of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles; obtaining the total charge of the display particles; and calculating the charge volume density of the display particles based on the distribution volume of the first color particles, the second color particles, and the third color particles and the total charge of the display particles.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The motion simulation step specifically includes: For the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being greater than or equal to the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform accelerated motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein: The motion simulation step further specifically includes: For the i-th particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force acting on the i-th particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force acting on the i-th particle and the absolute value of the resistance, the i-th particle is simulated to perform deceleration motion and the position of the i-th particle is refreshed.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein: The method further comprises: After the i-th particle simulates an accelerated motion or a decelerated motion, determining the relationship between i and the total number N of particles in the electronic paper display device; and In response to i not being equal to N, a value of i+1 is assigned to i, and then the motion simulation step is repeatedly executed.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein: The method further comprises: In response to i being equal to N, recalculating the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles; and Based on the recalculated charge volume density, the built-in electric field strength calculation step, the built-in electric field force calculation step, and the motion simulation step are repeatedly executed.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein: The method further comprises: For the ith particle, in response to the absolute value of the external electric field force on the ith particle being less than the sum of the absolute value of the built-in electric field force on the ith particle and the absolute value of the resistance, determining the moving direction of the ith particle; and In response to the movement direction of the i-th particle being reversed, it is determined that the movement of the i-th particle stops.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The built-in electric field model is: Among them, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device parallel to the built-in electric field direction, Q is the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, ρ1 is the charge volume density of display particles, ρ2 is the charge volume density of charged colloid particles, ρ3 is the charge volume density of polarized charges, and the operation symbol && indicates that the built-in electric field strength E is positively correlated with the charge volume densities ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3 of various charged particles.

18. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The built-in electric field model is: Wherein, E is the built-in electric field strength, m is a preset constant, s is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single display pixel in the electronic paper display device parallel to the built-in electric field direction, Q1(t) is the total charge of the display particles at time t, f1(t) is the charge volume density of the display particles at time t, Q2(t) is the total charge of the charged colloid particles at time t, f2(t) is the charge volume density of the charged colloid particles at time t, Q3(t) is the total charge of the polarized charges at time t, and f3(t) is the charge volume density of the polarized charges at time t.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein: The charge volume density f1(t) of the displayed particle at time t is calculated by the following formula: Among them, V P1 (t) is the distribution volume of the first color particles at time t, V P2 (t) is the distribution volume of the second color particles at time t, z1 is the first volume correction coefficient; and / or, The charge volume density f2(t) of the charged colloid particles at time t is calculated by the following formula: Among them, V C1 (t) is the distribution volume of positively charged colloid particles at time t, V C2 (t) is the distribution volume of the negatively charged colloid particles at time t, z2 is the second volume correction coefficient; and / or, The charge volume density f3(t) of the polarization charge at time t is calculated by the following formula: Among them, V PL1 (t) is the distribution volume of positive polarization charge at time t, V PL2 (t) is the distribution volume of negative polarization charge at time t, and z3 is the third volume correction coefficient.

20. A simulation device for an electronic paper display device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A model parameter acquisition module, used to acquire model parameter information, wherein the model parameter information includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device, the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the external electric field force; a built-in electric field strength calculation module, used to calculate the built-in electric field strength of the electronic paper display device through the model parameter information and a pre-constructed built-in electric field model, wherein the input of the built-in electric field model includes the total charge of various charged particles in the electronic paper display device and the charge volume density of each of the various charged particles, and the output of the built-in electric field model includes the built-in electric field strength; A built-in electric field force calculation module, used to calculate the built-in electric field force on each charged particle in the electronic paper display device based on the built-in electric field strength; a motion simulation module, configured to simulate the motion of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device according to the external electric field force and the built-in electric field force to which each charged particle in the electronic paper display device is subjected; and The grayscale determination module is used to determine the display grayscale under the external electric field force in response to the cessation of movement of each charged particle in the electronic paper display device, so as to obtain a simulation relationship between the display grayscale and the external electric field force.

21. An electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

22. An electronic paper display device, wherein: The relationship between the display grayscale and the applied electric field force of the electronic paper display device is determined based on the method described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

23. The device of claim 22, wherein: The electronic paper display device comprises: a base substrate; a first electrode disposed on the base substrate; a second electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate; and charged particles disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The charged particles are configured to be driven to the display side under the action of an external electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to achieve a display gray scale that satisfies the relationship between the display gray scale and the external electric field force.

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