Intermittent ditching fertilizer applicator for orchard

Abstract

The intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine comprises a central control platform, a positioning and identifying device, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharging device, a rack, a crawler chassis, a baffle plate, an intermittent ditching device and a soil and fertilizer mixed application device, intermittent segmented ditching fertilization operation can be carried out, and the fertilizer utilization rate and the operation efficiency are improved; a double-variable fertilization system is adopted, variable fertilization is achieved, and the fertilization effect is improved; soil and fertilizer mixed fertilization can be achieved, and root systems are promoted to absorb nutrients; automatic furrowing depth adjustment is added, so that the furrowing depth can be detected and adjusted in real time, and the utilization efficiency and adaptability of the fertilizer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of orchard management machinery, and discloses an intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards. Background Art

[0002] The operation of trenching and fertilizing in orchards is an important link in the planting process and also an important measure to increase the yield and improve the quality of fruit trees. The operation of trenching and fertilizing can improve the looseness of the soil and increase the soil air permeability. During the trenching process, the roots of fruit trees will be broken, which can make the fruit trees grow new roots and promote the absorption of nutrients necessary for the growth of the tree body itself. At present, most of the trenches dug by orchard trenching and fertilizing machines are continuous grooves, with low trenching efficiency and low fertilizer utilization rate, resulting in fertilizer waste; there is no automatic trench depth adjustment device, and the trench depth cannot be detected and adjusted in real time; the soil and fertilizer cannot be evenly mixed for fertilization, and the fertilization effect is poor; it is impossible to carry out intermittent variable fertilization according to the different growth conditions of fruit trees. The invention preferably solves the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides an intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards, which realizes the operation processes of intermittent trenching, intermittent variable fertilization according to different growth conditions of fruit trees, and soil-fertilizer mixing.

[0004] An intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards includes: a central control platform (1), a positioning and identification device (2), a fertilizer tank (3), a fertilizer discharging device (4), a frame (5), a crawler chassis (6), a baffle (7), an intermittent trenching device (8), and a soil-fertilizer mixing device (9); the frame (5) is installed above the central cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the central control platform (1) is fixed at the front end position above the frame (5), the fertilizer tank (3) is fixed at the rear end position above the frame (5), the fertilizer discharging device (4) is installed at the outlet of the fertilizer tank (3), the intermittent trenching device (8) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6) through a hinge base (809), a motor I (803), and a transmission shaft (808), the soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) is installed below the frame (5) through a fixing rod (902), the baffle (7) is installed on both sides at the front end of the frame (5), and the positioning and identification device (2) is installed at the left end edge above the shell of the central control platform (1).

[0005] Preferably, the fertilizer discharging device (4) includes a stepper motor (401), a spiral grooved wheel (402), a fertilizer discharging housing (403), a spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404), a coupling (405), and a stepper motor (406); the stepper motor (401) and the stepper motor (406) are connected through the coupling (405), the spiral grooved wheel (402), and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404). The spiral grooved wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) are assembled on the fertilizer discharging housing (403) through hole-shaft fit. The stepper motor (401) and the stepper motor (406) drive the spiral grooved wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) through the coupling (405) to transport the fertilizer to the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403) for discharging the fertilizer. The shape of the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403) is in the shape of a water droplet, and the spiral angle of the spiral grooved wheel (402) is 15 degrees. This design can make the fertilizer discharging device (4) have better fertilizer discharging uniformity.

[0006] Preferably, the intermittent trenching device (8) includes a limit push rod (801), a threaded rod bushing (802), a first motor (803), a threaded rod (804), a bearing (805), a bushing (806), a motor protection housing (807), a transmission shaft (808), a hinge base (809), a second motor (810), and a chain trenching cutter (811); the hinge base (809) is fixed above the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the first motor (803) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the power output shaft of the first motor (803) is connected to the transmission shaft (808), the other end of the transmission shaft (808) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the transmission shaft (808) is in hole-shaft fit with the chain trenching cutter (811), the chain trenching cutter (811) is driven by a main sprocket to rotate the chain engaged therewith, and driven by the power system, the chain drives the cutter to rotate and translate, thereby realizing trenching. The hinge base (809) is hinged to the bushing (806), the front end of the bushing (806) is fixed to the motor protection housing (807), the threaded rod (804) is in interference fit with the bearing (805), the bearing (805) is fixed to the outer ring of the bushing (806), the power output shaft of the second motor (810) inside the motor protection housing (807) is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (804), the inner hole of the threaded rod bushing (802) and the column surface of the threaded rod (804) are both threaded, the threaded rod (804) passes through the inner hole of the threaded rod bushing (802), and the two are connected by threads to form a screw drive. The limit push rod (801) is connected to the other end of the threaded rod bushing (802), and the cutting edge of the chain trenching cutter (811) has a U-shaped structure bent inward; the orchard intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine advances driven by high-power motors inside both sides of the crawler chassis (6), the first motor (803) drives the chain trenching cutter (811) to rotate, the second motor (810) drives the threaded rod (804) to rotate forward and backward, so that the limit push rod (801) is lifted and lowered, and further the chain trenching cutter (811) is lifted up and down, realizing the adjustment of the trenching depth and intermittent trenching.

[0007] Preferably, the soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) includes a blower (901), a fixed rod (902), a soil delivery pipe (903), a fixing ring (904), a spiral agitator (905), a soil-fertilizer box (906), a motor (907), and a soil collection funnel (908); the soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) is fixed below the frame through the fixed rod (902), the soil delivery pipe (903) is fixed to the fixed rod (902) through the fixing ring (904), a blower (901) is installed at the frontmost part of the soil delivery pipe (903), the soil collection funnel (908) is installed between the blower (901) and the fixed rod (902) with the funnel opening upward, a spiral agitator (905) is installed inside the vertical part of the soil delivery pipe (903) and is driven by an externally installed motor (907), the soil-fertilizer box (906) is installed at the ends of the two side soil delivery pipes (903), the intermittent ditching device (8) throws the soil, which is blocked by the baffle (7) and falls into the soil collection funnel (908) and enters the soil delivery pipe (903), then the blower (901) blows the soil to the corner of the soil delivery pipe (903), and then the spiral agitator (905) sends the soil into the soil-fertilizer box (906) to fill the dug trench, so as to realize soil filling and soil-fertilizer mixing and improve the fertilization effect.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning and recognition device (2) includes a binocular camera (201) and a binocular camera support rod (202), with the binocular camera (201) installed in the upper groove of the binocular camera support rod (202), and the binocular camera support rod (202) installed at the upper left edge of the shell of the central control platform (1); during the driving of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine, the binocular camera (201) identifies and locates the growth situation and position of the fruit trees. When reaching the predetermined ditching position of the central control platform (1), ditching is carried out. When reaching the predetermined fertilizing position of the central control platform (1), fertilization is carried out, and variable fertilization and ditching depth adjustment are carried out according to the growth situation of the fruit trees. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009] Figure 1-2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3-4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer discharging device of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 5-6 is a schematic structural diagram of the intermittent ditching device of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil-fertilizer mixing device of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and recognition device of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1, central control platform; 2, positioning and identification device; 3, fertilizer box; 4, fertilizer discharging device; 5, frame; 6, crawler chassis; 7, baffle; 8, intermittent ditching device; 9, soil-fertilizer mixing device; 401, stepper motor; 402, spiral grooved wheel; 403, fertilizer discharging housing; 404, spiral fertilizer discharging auger; 405, coupling; 406, stepper motor; 801, limit push rod; 802, threaded rod bushing; 803, motor 1; 804, threaded rod; 805, bearing; 806, bushing; 807, motor protection housing; 808, transmission shaft; 809, hinge base; 810, motor 2; 811, chain-type ditching knife; 901, blower; 902, fixed rod; 903, soil delivery pipe; 904, fixing ring; 905, spiral stirring blade; 906, soil-fertilizer box; 907, motor; 908, soil collecting funnel. Embodiment

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "middle", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below according to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, an intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards includes: a central control platform (1), a positioning and identification device (2), a fertilizer tank (3), a fertilizer discharging device (4), a frame (5), a crawler chassis (6), a baffle (7), an intermittent trenching device (8), and a soil-fertilizer mixing device (9); the frame (5) and the intermittent trenching device (8) are installed on the crawler chassis (6), the central control platform (1) is installed above the front of the frame (5), the fertilizer tank (3) is installed above the rear of the frame (5), and the baffle (7) is installed in front of the frame (5); the positioning and identification device (2) is installed at the middle position above the central control platform (1); the fertilizer discharging device (4) is installed at the position slightly to the right below the fertilizer tank (3). During the driving process of the intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards, the position information and growth conditions of fruit trees are obtained in real time through the positioning and identification device (2) and data communication is carried out with the central control platform (1). When the real-time position information of the intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards matches the predetermined trenching position information, the central control platform (1) issues an instruction to the intermittent trenching device (8), the first motor (803) drives the transmission shaft (808), the transmission shaft (808) drives the chain trenching knife (811) to rotate, and then the second motor (810) drives the threaded rod (804) to rotate forward and backward, so that the limit push rod (801) drives the chain trenching knife (811) to press down to the trenching depth matching the growth conditions of the fruit tree; as the chain trenching knife (811) continuously throws the soil upward, under the blocking action of the baffle (7), the soil falls back into the soil collecting funnel (908) and then enters the soil conveying pipe (903). At the same time, under the pushing action of the wind force of the blower (901), the soil enters the vertical part of the soil conveying pipe (903), and the motor (907) drives the spiral stirring blade (905) to rotate, so as to transport the soil to the soil-fertilizer tank (906); when the real-time position information of the intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards matches the predetermined fertilizing position information, the central control platform (1) issues an instruction to the fertilizer discharging device (4), the stepping motor (401) and the stepping motor (406) control the rotation speeds of the spiral grooved wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) to transport the fertilizer matching the growth condition information of the fruit tree to the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403) and discharge the fertilizer into the soil-fertilizer tank (906), and it falls back into the dug trench together with the soil to complete soil-fertilizer mixing and filling; when the real-time position information of the intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards matches the predetermined trenching stop position information, the central control platform (1) issues an instruction to the intermittent trenching device (8) to stop trenching. When the real-time position information of the intermittent trenching and fertilizing machine for orchards matches the predetermined fertilizing stop position information, the central control platform (1) issues a stop instruction to the fertilizer discharging device (4) to complete intermittent trenching and variable-rate fertilization.

[0018] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer discharging device of the present invention. The fertilizer discharging device (4) includes a stepper motor (401), a spiral grooved wheel (402), a fertilizer discharging housing (403), a spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404), a coupling (405), and a stepper motor (406). When the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine travels to the predetermined fertilizing position of the central control platform (1), the central control platform (1) issues an instruction to control the rotational speeds of the stepper motor (401) and the stepper motor (406) to reach the preset rotational speed of the central control platform (1), thereby driving the amount of fertilizer that conforms to the growth condition of the fruit tree to be discharged from the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403). When the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine travels to the predetermined stop fertilizing position of the central control platform (1), the central control platform (1) issues a stop instruction to stop fertilizing.

[0019] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the intermittent ditching device of the present invention. The intermittent ditching device (8) includes a limit push rod (801), a threaded rod bushing (802), a first motor (803), a threaded rod (804), a bearing (805), a bushing (806), a motor protection housing (807), a transmission shaft (808), a hinge base (809), a second motor (810), and a chain-type ditching knife (811). The hinge base (809) is fixed above the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6). The first motor (803) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6). The power output shaft of the first motor (803) is connected to the transmission shaft (808). The other end of the transmission shaft (808) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6). The transmission shaft (808) is in hole-shaft fit with the chain-type ditching knife (811). The chain-type ditching knife (811) is driven by a main sprocket to rotate the chain engaged therewith. The U-shaped structure cutter is installed on the chain. Driven by the power system, the chain drives the cutter to rotate and translate, thereby realizing ditching. The hinge base (809) is hinged to the bushing (806). The front end of the bushing (806) is fixed to the motor protection housing (807). The threaded rod (804) is in interference fit with the bearing (805). The outer ring of the bearing (805) is fixed to the bushing (806). The power output shaft of the second motor (810) inside the motor protection housing (807) is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (804). The inner hole of the threaded rod bushing (802) and the cylindrical surface of the threaded rod (804) both have threads. The threaded rod (804) passes through the inner hole of the threaded rod bushing (802), and the two are connected by threads to form a screw drive. The other end of the threaded rod bushing (802) is connected to the limit push rod (801). The orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine moves straight forward driven by high-power motors inside both sides of the crawler chassis (6). The first motor (803) drives the main sprocket of the chain-type ditching knife (811) to rotate, thereby driving the chain to rotate. The chain drives the U-shaped cutter to rotate and translate. The second motor (810) drives the threaded rod (804) to rotate forward and backward, causing the limit push rod (801) to lift and lower, and further causing the chain-type ditching knife (811) to lift up and down. When the real-time position information of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine matches the ditching predetermined position information of the central control platform (1), the central control platform (1) issues an instruction to the intermittent ditching device (8), and the chain-type ditching knife (811) descends to the ditching depth suitable for the growth of the fruit tree. When the real-time position information of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine matches the stop ditching predetermined position information of the central control platform (1), the chain-type ditching knife (811) lifts up and stops ditching, realizing the adjustment of the ditching depth and intermittent ditching.

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil-fertilizer mixing device of the present invention. The soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) includes a blower (901), a fixed rod (902), a soil delivery pipe (903), a fixing ring (904), a spiral agitator (905), a soil-fertilizer box (906), a motor (907), and a soil collection funnel (908). The soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) is fixed below the frame through the fixed rod (902). The soil delivery pipe (903) is fixed to the fixed rod (902) through the fixing ring (904). A blower (901) is installed at the frontmost part of the soil delivery pipe (903). The soil collection funnel (908) is installed between the blower (901) and the fixed rod (902), with the funnel opening upward. A spiral agitator (905) is installed inside the vertical part of the soil delivery pipe (903) and is driven by an externally installed motor (907). The soil-fertilizer box (906) is installed at the ends of the two side soil delivery pipes (903). The intermittent ditching device (8) throws the soil, which is blocked by the baffle (7) and falls into the soil collection funnel (908) and enters the soil delivery pipe (903). Then, the blower (901) blows the soil to the corner of the soil delivery pipe (903). When the real-time position information of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine matches the fertilization scheduled position information of the central control platform (1), the spiral agitator (905) sends the soil into the soil-fertilizer box (906) and fills the fertilizer into the dug trenches. When the real-time position information of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine matches the stop fertilization scheduled position information of the central control platform (1), the spiral agitator (905) stops rotating, thereby realizing soil filling and soil-fertilizer mixing and improving the fertilization effect.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and identification device of the present invention. The positioning and identification device (2) includes a binocular camera (201) and a binocular camera support rod (202). The binocular camera (201) is installed in the upper groove of the binocular camera support rod (202), and the binocular camera support rod (202) is installed at the upper left edge of the shell of the central control platform (1). During the driving process of the orchard intermittent ditching and fertilizing machine, the binocular camera (201) identifies and locates the growth conditions and positions of the fruit trees and communicates with the central control platform (1) in real time. When reaching the predetermined ditching position of the central control platform (1), ditching is carried out. When reaching the predetermined fertilization position of the central control platform (1), fertilization is carried out, and variable fertilization, ditching depth adjustment, and intermittent ditching are carried out according to the growth conditions of the fruit trees.

[0022] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0023] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orchard intermittent furrowing and fertilizing machine, comprising: A central control platform (1), a positioning and identification device (2), a fertilizer box (3), a fertilizer discharge device (4), a frame (5), a crawler chassis (6), a baffle (7), an intermittent ditching device (8), and a soil-fertilizer mixing device (9); characterized in that: the frame (5) is mounted above the central cavity of the crawler chassis (6); the central control platform (1) is fixed at the front end position above the frame (5); the fertilizer box (3) is fixed at the rear end position above the frame (5); the fertilizer discharge device (4) is mounted at the discharge port of the fertilizer box (3); the intermittent ditching device (8) is mounted inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6) through a hinge base (809), a motor (803) and a transmission shaft (808); the soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) is mounted below the frame (5) through a fixing rod (902); the baffle (7) is mounted at both sides of the front end of the frame (5); and the positioning and identification device (2) is mounted at the left end edge above the shell of the central control platform (1).

2. The orchard intermittent furrowing and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharging device (4) comprises a stepper motor (401), a spiral groove wheel (402), a fertilizer discharging housing (403), a spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404), a coupling (405), and a stepper motor (406); the stepper motor (401) and the stepper motor (406) are connected to the spiral groove wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) via the coupling (405); the spiral groove wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) are assembled on the fertilizer discharging housing (403) via a hole-shaft fit; the stepper motor (401) and the stepper motor (406) drive the spiral groove wheel (402) and the spiral fertilizer discharging auger (404) via the coupling (405) to transport fertilizer to a discharging port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403) to discharge the fertilizer; the discharging port of the fertilizer discharging housing (403) is in a water drop shape, and the spiral angle of the spiral groove wheel (402) is 15 degrees.

3. The orchard intermittent furrowing and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermittent ditching device (8) comprises a limit push rod (801), a threaded rod sleeve (802), a motor 1 (803), a threaded rod (804), a bearing (805), a sleeve (806), a motor protection housing (807), a transmission shaft (808), a hinge base (809), a motor 2 (810), and a chain ditching knife (811); the hinge base (809) is fixed above the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the motor 1 (803) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the power output shaft of the motor 1 (803) is connected to the transmission shaft (808), the other end of the transmission shaft (808) is installed inside the middle cavity of the crawler chassis (6), the transmission shaft (808) cooperates with the hole shaft of the chain ditching knife (811), and the chain ditching knife (811) is driven by the main sprocket to rotate with the chain meshing therewith. Driven by the power system, the chain drives the cutter to rotate and move horizontally, thereby realizing trenching. The hinge base (809) and the shaft sleeve (806) are hinged, the front end of the shaft sleeve (806) is fixed to the motor protection housing (807), the threaded rod (804) and the bearing (805) are interference fit, the bearing (805) and the outer ring of the shaft sleeve (806) are fixed, the power output shaft of the second motor (810) inside the motor protection housing (807) is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (804), the inner hole of the threaded rod shaft sleeve (802) and the cylindrical surface of the threaded rod (804) are both threaded, the threaded rod (804) passes through the inner hole of the threaded rod shaft sleeve (802), the two are connected by threads to form a spiral transmission, and the limit push rod (801) is connected to the other end of the threaded rod shaft sleeve (802); the blade of the chain trenching knife (811) has a U-shaped structure bent inward.

4. The orchard intermittent furrowing and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-fertilizer mixing device (9) comprises a blower (901), a fixing rod (902), a soil delivery pipe (903), a fixing ring (904), a spiral stirring blade (905), a soil-fertilizer box (906), a motor (907), and a soil collecting funnel (908); the soil-fertilizer mixing device (99) is fixed to the bottom of the frame via the fixing rod (902); the soil delivery pipe (903) is fixed to the fixing rod (902) via the fixing ring (904); the blower (901) is installed at the front of the soil delivery pipe (903); and the soil collecting funnel (908) is installed between the blower (901) and the fixing rod (902). In the middle of the rod (902), the funnel opens upward, and a spiral stirring blade (905) is installed inside the vertical part of the soil delivery pipe (903), which is driven by an externally installed motor (907). The soil fertilizer box (906) is installed at the ends of the soil delivery pipe (903) on both sides. The intermittent ditching device (8) throws out the soil, which is blocked by the baffle (7) and falls into the soil collecting funnel (908) into the soil delivery pipe (903). The blower (901) blows the soil to the corner of the soil delivery pipe (903), and the spiral stirring blade (905) sends the soil into the soil fertilizer box (906) to fill the opened groove.

5. The orchard intermittent furrowing and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and identification device (2) comprises a binocular camera (201) and a binocular camera support rod (202), wherein the binocular camera (201) is installed in a groove at the upper end of the binocular camera support rod (202), and the binocular camera support rod (202) is installed at the upper left edge of the shell of the central control platform (1).

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