Fuel cell system of double-end supply combustor

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell system of a double-end supply burner, which comprises a control module, a fuel cell, a first fuel supply device, an air preheater, a flame burner and a catalytic burner, and a catalytic carrier is arranged in the catalytic burner; the control module is connected with the first fuel supply device, the output end of the first fuel supply device is connected with the second input end of the flame burner and the second input end of the catalytic burner, and the control module is used for controlling the first fuel supply device to supply fuel to the flame burner, so that the fuel is burnt in the flame burner; and the controller is also used for controlling the first fuel supplier to supply fuel to the catalytic burner when the temperature of the output end of the flame burner reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, so that the catalytic burner is started to burn the fuel, and the quick start of the fuel cell system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly to a fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell system is a device that generates electricity by burning gas in a high-temperature environment. The components input into the burner include air, natural gas, and the anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] Most existing fuel cell systems use an electric heater to heat the gas entering the fuel cell to meet the temperature requirements for combustion power generation. Or adopt a scheme of an electric heater + catalytic burner to heat the gas entering the fuel cell. However, in the above-mentioned schemes, due to power limitations, the rapid startup of the fuel cell system cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner to achieve the rapid startup of the fuel cell system.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner, including a control module, a fuel cell, a first fuel supply device, an air preheater, and a burner. The burner includes a flame burner and a catalytic burner, and a catalytic carrier is arranged in the catalytic burner;

[0006] The output end of the fuel cell is connected to the first input end of the flame burner, the output end of the flame burner is connected to the first input end of the catalytic burner, the output end of the catalytic burner is connected to the first input end of the air preheater, the second input end of the air preheater is used for inputting air at room temperature, the first output end of the air preheater is connected to the input end of the fuel cell, and the air preheater is used to provide the heat required for the reaction to the fuel cell;

[0007] The control module is connected to the first fuel supply device, and the output end of the first fuel supply device is respectively connected to the second input end of the flame burner and the second input end of the catalytic burner. The control module is used to control the first fuel supply device to supply fuel to the flame burner, so that the fuel burns in the flame burner, and is also used to control the first fuel supply device to supply fuel to the catalytic burner when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, so as to start the catalytic burner and carry out the combustion of the fuel.

[0008] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner further includes a first temperature acquisition module and a second temperature acquisition module;

[0009] The first temperature acquisition module is disposed at the first input end of the flame burner for acquiring the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner;

[0010] The second temperature acquisition module is disposed at the output end of the flame burner for acquiring the temperature of the output end of the flame burner;

[0011] The control module is respectively connected to the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module. The control module is configured to determine a first flow rate of the fuel that the first fuel supplier needs to output to the flame burner according to the temperature of the output end of the flame burner and the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner, and control the first fuel supplier to supply fuel to the flame burner at the first flow rate.

[0012] Optionally, the control module is further configured to determine a total flow rate of the fuel output by the first fuel supplier according to a set temperature at the outlet of the catalytic burner and the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner, and control the first fuel supplier to supply fuel to the catalytic burner at a second flow rate according to the total flow rate of the fuel output by the first fuel supplier and the first flow rate.

[0013] Optionally, the fuel cell system of the double-end supply burner further includes a first valve, a second valve, and a third valve. The input end of the first valve is connected to the output end of the first fuel supplier, and the control end of the first valve is connected to the control module;

[0014] The input end of the second valve is connected to the output end of the first valve, the output end of the second valve is connected to the second input end of the flame burner, and the control end of the second valve is connected to the control module;

[0015] The input end of the third valve is connected to the output end of the first valve, the output end of the third valve is connected to the second input end of the catalytic burner, and the control end of the third valve is connected to the control module.

[0016] Optionally, the fuel cell includes a first-stage stack and a second-stage stack. Both the first-stage stack and the second-stage stack include an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode;

[0017] The anode of the first-stage stack is connected to the first output end of the air preheater. The anode of the first-stage stack is used for inputting reaction raw materials, and the anode of the first-stage stack is connected to the anode of the second-stage stack;

[0018] The cathode of the first-stage stack is connected to the cathode of the second-stage stack. Both the anode and the cathode of the second-stage stack are connected to the first input end of the flame burner.

[0019] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a first-stage mixer and a first-stage reformer. The first output end of the air preheater is connected to the first input end of the first-stage reformer. The second input end of the first-stage reformer is used for inputting reaction raw materials. The output end of the first-stage reformer is respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of the first-stage fuel cell stack. The first input end of the first-stage mixer is connected to the cathode of the first-stage fuel cell stack. The output end of the first-stage mixer is connected to the cathode of the second-stage fuel cell stack. The second input end of the first-stage mixer is used for inputting air at room temperature;

[0020] The control module is configured to control the second input end of the first-stage mixer to input air to cool down the flame burner when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is greater than or equal to the spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel.

[0021] Optionally, the control module is further configured to control the second input end of the first-stage mixer to input air at room temperature to cool down the flame burner when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is greater than or equal to the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier, so that the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is less than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier.

[0022] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a second fuel supplier, a fourth valve, and an evaporator;

[0023] The input end of the fourth valve is connected to the output end of the second fuel supplier. The output end of the fourth valve is connected to the first input end of the evaporator. The control end of the fourth valve is connected to the control module;

[0024] The second input end of the evaporator is used for inputting liquid water. The third input end of the evaporator is connected to the second output end of the air preheater. The output end of the evaporator is connected to the second input end of the first-stage reformer.

[0025] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a third fuel supplier, a fifth valve, a second-stage mixer, and a second-stage reformer;

[0026] The input end of the fifth valve is connected to the output end of the third fuel supplier. The output end of the fifth valve is connected to the first input end of the second-stage mixer. The control end of the fifth valve is connected to the control module. The second input end of the second-stage mixer is used for inputting liquid water;

[0027] The first input end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the anode of the first-stage stack, the second input end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the output end of the second-stage mixer, and the first output end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the anode of the second-stage stack.

[0028] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a cooler and a gas-water separator;

[0029] The input end of the cooler is connected to the second output end of the second-stage reformer, the output end of the cooler is connected to the input end of the gas-water separator, the first output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the second input end of the second-stage mixer, and the second output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the third input end of the evaporator.

[0030] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the first fuel supply is respectively connected to the flame burner and the catalytic burner, so that the first fuel supply can supply fuel to the flame burner and the catalytic burner. During the cold start and preheating process of the fuel cell system, control the first fuel supply to supply fuel to the flame burner and the catalytic burner respectively, so that both the flame burner and the catalytic burner are started to generate heat by combustion to provide the heat required for the fuel cell system to generate electricity. During the start-up stage of the fuel cell, starting the flame burner and the catalytic burner can reach the set temperature at the outlet of the burner in a short time, provide heat for the system, and shorten the start-up time of the system. At the same time, the combined heat generation of the flame burner and the catalytic burner can meet the system's demand for high-power heat generation.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a burner in a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, method, product or device.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Refer to Figure 1 , the fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner includes a control module, a fuel cell 26, a first fuel supply device 10, an air preheater 11 and a burner. The burner includes a flame burner 12 and a catalytic burner 13, and a catalytic carrier is arranged in the catalytic burner 13;

[0039] The output end of the fuel cell 26 is connected to the first input end of the flame burner 12. The output end of the flame burner 12 is connected to the first input end of the catalytic burner 13. The output end of the catalytic burner 13 is connected to the first input end of the air preheater 11. The second input end of the air preheater 11 is used to input air at room temperature. The first output end of the air preheater 11 is connected to the input end of the fuel cell. The air preheater 11 is used to provide the heat required for the reaction to the fuel cell 26;

[0040] The control module is connected to the first fuel supply 10. The output end of the first fuel supply 10 is respectively connected to the second input end of the flame burner 12 and the second input end of the catalytic burner 13. The control module is used to control the first fuel supply 10 to supply fuel to the flame burner 12, so that the fuel burns in the flame burner 12, and is also used to control the first fuel supply 10 to supply fuel to the catalytic burner 13 when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, so as to start the catalytic burner 13 and carry out the combustion of the fuel.

[0041] Optionally, the fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner further includes a first valve F1, a second valve F2 and a third valve F3. The input end of the first valve F1 is connected to the output end of the first fuel supply 10, and the control end of the first valve F1 is connected to the control module; the input end of the second valve F2 is connected to the output end of the first valve F1, the output end of the second valve F2 is connected to the second input end of the flame burner 12, and the control end of the second valve F2 is connected to the control module; the input end of the third valve F3 is connected to the output end of the first valve F1, the output end of the third valve F3 is connected to the second input end of the catalytic burner 13, and the control end of the third valve F3 is connected to the control module. By controlling the first valve F1 to conduct and the second valve F2 to conduct, the first fuel supply 10 is controlled to output fuel to the flame burner 12. At the same time, the control external air passes through the air preheater 11 and the fuel cell 26 and enters the flame burner 12.

[0042] When starting the fuel cell system with a double-end supply burner, control the fuel cell system to start with a cold start preheating process. The cold start preheating process is a process carried out at room temperature, and the cold start preheating process is a process of providing the heat required for power generation for the fuel cell system by burning in the burner. After controlling the fuel cell system to enter the cold start preheating process, and when the fuel cell system needs to be restarted after entering the shutdown state from the stable operation state, control the fuel cell system to enter the hot start preheating process; among them, in the stable operation state, the fuel cell operates at full load, and in the shutdown state, the flame burner 12 goes out and the catalytic burner 13 goes out. After the fuel cell system operates at full load stably for a period of time, the burner goes out due to a fuel cell failure, and the fuel cell system is controlled to enter the shutdown state. When it is necessary to restart the fuel cell system for combustion power generation within a short time after the fuel cell enters the shutdown state, control the fuel cell system to start the burner in the hot start preheating mode to provide the heat required for combustion power generation for the fuel cell system. Optionally, judge whether the flame burner 12 is extinguished according to the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12. If the change rate of the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is less than the set decay rate within the set time, it is determined that the flame burner 12 is extinguished, where the set decay rate is less than zero.

[0043] The fuel cell system with a double - end supply burner further includes a pulse igniter. The pulse igniter is connected to the flame burner 12 and is used to release a pulsed voltage to complete ignition at the flame burner 12 to start the flame burner 12. The combustion exhaust gas in the flame burner 12 enters the air pre - heater 11 through the catalytic burner 13 for starting and pre - heating the fuel cell system.

[0044] After the flame burner 12 is started, the fuel burns in the flame burner 12 to maintain the combustion of the flame burner 12, and the heat generated by the combustion of the flame burner 12 is transferred to the catalytic burner 13. After the temperature in the catalytic burner 13 reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, the catalytic burner 13 is started, and the fuel introduced into the catalytic burner 13 reacts and generates heat in the catalytic burner 13. The control module controls the first valve F1 and the third valve F3 to conduct, and controls the first fuel supplier 10 to output fuel to the catalytic burner 13. The fuel can be combustible substances such as natural gas and ethanol.

[0045] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the first fuel supplier is respectively connected to the flame burner and the catalytic burner, so that the first fuel supplier can supply fuel to the flame burner and the catalytic burner. During the cold - start pre - heating process of the fuel cell system, the first fuel supplier is controlled to supply fuel to the flame burner and the catalytic burner respectively, so that both the flame burner and the catalytic burner are started to burn and generate heat to provide the heat required for the fuel cell system to generate electricity. In the start - up stage of the fuel cell, starting the flame burner and the catalytic burner can make the outlet temperature of the burner reach the set temperature in a short time, provide heat for the system, and shorten the start - up time of the system. At the same time, the combined heat generation of the flame burner and the catalytic burner can meet the system's demand for high - power heat generation.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a burner in a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Refer to Figure 1 and 2 Optionally, the fuel cell system with a double - end supply burner further includes a first temperature acquisition module 1 and a second temperature acquisition module 2. The first temperature acquisition module 1 is arranged at the first input end of the flame burner 12 and is used to acquire the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner 12;

[0047] The second temperature acquisition module 2 is arranged at the output end of the flame burner 12 and is used to acquire the temperature of the output end of the flame burner 12.

[0048] The first temperature acquisition module 1 or the second temperature acquisition module can be a thermometer or can also be a temperature sensor, which is used to acquire the temperature at the location.

[0049] The control module is respectively connected to the first temperature acquisition module 1 and the second temperature acquisition module 2. The control module is used to determine the first flow rate of the fuel that the first fuel supply device 10 needs to output to the flame burner 12 according to the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 and the temperature at the first input end of the flame burner 12, and control the first fuel supply device 10 to supply fuel to the flame burner 10 at the first flow rate.

[0050] Specifically, the control module is used to calculate the flow rate demand of the fuel input to the flame burner 12 corresponding to the starting power of the flame burner 12 according to the difference between the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 and the temperature at the first input end of the flame burner 12. The control module is used to control the first fuel supply device 10 to supply fuel to the flame burner 10 at the first flow rate according to the determined flow rate demand of the fuel input to the flame burner 12. Among them, the flow rate of the fuel input to the flame burner 12 can be controlled to be the first flow rate by controlling the opening degree of the second valve F2.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Optionally, the control module is further used to determine the total flow rate of the fuel output by the first fuel supply device 10 according to the set temperature at the outlet of the catalytic burner and the temperature at the first input end of the flame burner 12, and control the first fuel supply device 10 to supply fuel to the catalytic burner 13 at the second flow rate according to the total flow rate of the fuel output by the first fuel supply device 10 and the first flow rate. The temperature at the outlet of the catalytic burner is a fixed value set in advance by the system. After the fuel cell system is started, by adjusting the supply amount of the fuel, the temperature at the output end of the catalytic burner 13 is maintained at the temperature at the outlet of the catalytic burner unchanged. A third temperature acquisition module 3 is arranged at the output end of the catalytic burner 13 for acquiring the temperature at the output end of the catalytic burner 13. The control module is used to calculate the flow rate demand of the fuel corresponding to the total starting power when the fuel cell system is started according to the difference between the set temperature at the outlet of the catalytic burner and the temperature at the first input end of the flame burner 12. The control module controls the flow rate of the fuel output by the first fuel supply device 10 to be the total flow rate by controlling the opening degree of the first valve F1. The sum of the second flow rate and the first flow rate is equal to the total flow rate. The control module controls the flow rate of the fuel input to the catalytic burner 13 to be the second flow rate by controlling the opening degree of the third valve F3. And the second flow rate changes according to the changes of the total flow rate and the first flow rate, that is, the opening degree of the third valve F3 changes passively with the opening degrees of the first valve F1 and the second valve F2 to meet the starting power demand of the catalytic burner 13.

[0052] In this embodiment, the temperature at the output end of the catalytic combustor 13 is maintained at the catalytic combustor outlet temperature, and the air temperature at the inlet of the flame combustor 12 gradually increases. To avoid damage to the catalytic carrier in the catalytic combustor 13 caused by too high a temperature at the output end of the flame combustor 12, power distribution is performed on the flame combustor 12 and the catalytic combustor 13 to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the catalytic combustor 13 and improve system reliability.

[0053] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell system with a double-end supply combustor provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Refer to Figure 3 , optionally, the fuel cell includes a first-stage stack 14 and a second-stage stack 15, and both the first-stage stack 14 and the second-stage stack 15 include an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode;

[0054] The anode of the first-stage stack 14 is connected to the first output end of the air preheater 11. The anode of the first-stage stack 14 is used to input reaction raw materials, and the anode of the first-stage stack 14 is connected to the anode of the second-stage stack 15;

[0055] The cathode of the first-stage stack 14 is connected to the cathode of the second-stage stack 15, and both the anode and the cathode of the second-stage stack 15 are connected to the first input end of the flame combustor 12.

[0056] The reaction raw materials include fuel and water. The heat generated by the combustion of the flame combustor 12 and the catalytic combustor 13 heats the air in the air preheater 11, and the hot air exchanges heat with the reaction raw materials, so that the reaction raw materials are heated and then input into the first-stage stack 14 for combustion. The fuel that is not fully burned in the first-stage stack 14 can enter the second-stage stack 15 to continue the reaction, improving the utilization rate of the fuel.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and 3 , optionally, the fuel cell system with a double-end supply combustor further includes a first-stage mixer 17 and a first-stage reformer 16. The first output end of the air preheater 11 is connected to the first input end of the first-stage reformer 16. The second input end of the first-stage reformer 16 is used to input reaction raw materials. The output end of the first-stage reformer 16 is respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of the first-stage stack 14. The first input end of the first-stage mixer 17 is connected to the cathode of the first-stage stack 14. The output end of the first-stage mixer 17 is connected to the cathode of the second-stage stack 15. The second input end of the first-stage mixer 17 is used to input air at room temperature.

[0058] A first-stage reformer 16 is also connected between the anode of the first-stage stack 14 and the first output end of the air preheater 11. The reaction raw material is input into the first-stage reformer 16 and undergoes heat exchange with the hot air output from the air preheater 11, so that the reaction raw material input into the first-stage stack 14 has a certain temperature. Air at room temperature can be introduced into the first-stage mixer 17 to purge and cool the burner.

[0059] When the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the self-ignition temperature of the fuel, the control module is used to control air to be input into the second input end of the first-stage mixer 17 to cool the flame burner 12, so that the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the self-ignition temperature of the fuel.

[0060] When the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the self-ignition temperature of the fuel, it will cause the fuel to self-ignite and start after being introduced into the flame burner 12. There is a possibility of ignition failure and delay in the self-ignition start of the flame burner 12. To improve the reliability of system ignition, it is not recommended to start the flame burner 12 again when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is relatively high. Therefore, when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the self-ignition temperature of the fuel, it is necessary to introduce air at room temperature into the flame burner 12 through the first-stage mixer 17 to cool the flame burner 12 until the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the self-ignition temperature of the fuel.

[0061] After the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the self-ignition temperature of the fuel, the control module is used to control the first fuel supplier 10 to stop supplying fuel to the flame burner 12 and control the first fuel supplier 10 to supply fuel to the catalytic burner 13, so that the catalytic burner 13 can be successfully started and burn.

[0062] The control module controls the first fuel supplier 10 to stop supplying fuel to the flame burner 12 by shutting off the second valve F2. The control module controls the first valve F1 and the third valve F3 to conduct, so as to directly input the fuel output from the first fuel supplier 10 into the catalytic burner 13 to trigger the catalytic burner 13 to achieve high-temperature ignition.

[0063] The control module is used to stop the first fuel supply device 10 from supplying fuel to the flame burner 12 and control the first fuel supply device 10 to supply fuel to the catalytic burner 13, and then is also used to determine whether the catalytic burner 13 is successfully started. Specifically: the control module is used to obtain the temperature at the front end of the catalytic carrier and the temperature at the rear end of the catalytic carrier; the control module is used to determine that the catalytic burner 13 is successfully started when the difference between the temperature at the rear end of the catalytic carrier and the temperature at the front end of the catalytic carrier is greater than the set temperature threshold, where the set temperature threshold is greater than zero.

[0064] A fourth temperature acquisition module 4 is arranged at the front end of the catalytic carrier to obtain the temperature at the front end of the catalytic carrier, and a fifth temperature acquisition module 5 is arranged at the rear end of the catalytic carrier to obtain the temperature at the rear end of the catalytic carrier. The set temperature threshold is determined by experiments. Within the set time, if the difference between the temperature at the front end of the catalytic carrier and the temperature at the rear end of the catalytic carrier is greater than the set temperature threshold, it is determined that the catalytic burner 13 is successfully started; if the difference between the temperature at the front end of the catalytic carrier and the temperature at the rear end of the catalytic carrier is less than the set temperature threshold, it is determined that the catalytic burner 13 fails to start, and the fuel cell system is controlled to shut down.

[0065] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Optionally, the control module is further used to control the first fuel supply device 10 to stop supplying fuel to the flame burner 12 and control the first fuel supply device 10 to supply fuel to the catalytic burner 13 when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel, so that the catalytic burner 13 is successfully started and burns. The maximum operating temperature of the catalytic carrier is an important reference for the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier. The tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier depends on the performance of the catalytic carrier and the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, and the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier is greater than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier. The setting of the spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel is to prevent the fuel from causing the flame burner 12 to start burning spontaneously after being introduced into the flame burner 12. Since the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier is greater than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is greater than or equal to the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier, after the fuel is output from the flame burner 12 and enters the catalytic burner 13, the catalytic burner 13 can be triggered to achieve high-temperature ignition for combustion. The spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel is the temperature at which the fuel can spontaneously combust at the current temperature. High-temperature ignition of the flame burner 12 will cause a series of problems. The temperature of the flame burner 12 should be less than the spontaneous combustion temperature of the fuel to prevent the fuel from spontaneously combusting due to the too high temperature of the flame burner 12 when the fuel enters the flame burner 12, and to prevent the flame burner 12 from starting again, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0066] The control module is also used to control the second input end of the first - stage mixer 17 to input air at room temperature when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is greater than or equal to the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier and less than the tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier, so as to cool down the flame burner 12 and make the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 less than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier.

[0067] After the control module cools down the flame burner 12 by using the external air input through the first - stage mixer 17, it re - obtains the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12. If the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is less than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, the control module controls the fuel cell system to enter the cold - start pre - heating process.

[0068] During the hot - start pre - heating process, by setting an accurate temperature range, the service life of the catalytic carrier is extended and the reliability of the system is improved.

[0069] The control module is also used to control the fuel cell system to enter the cold - start pre - heating process when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is less than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier. In a short time after the system shuts down, after the temperature at the output end of the flame burner 12 is less than the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, it is no longer possible to achieve high - temperature ignition of the catalytic burner 13. Therefore, the control system starts with cold - start pre - heating, restarts the combustion of the flame burner 12, and then provides the heat required by the system.

[0070] In this embodiment, the influence of the ignition temperature and tolerance temperature of the catalytic carrier on the catalytic carrier is fully considered. In different temperature ranges, different start - up methods are selected to start the fuel cell system, avoiding damage to the catalytic carrier due to too high temperature and improving the reliability of the system.

[0071] Continue to refer to Figure 3 Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual - end supply burner further includes a second fuel supply device 18, a fourth valve F4, and an evaporator 20;

[0072] The input end of the fourth valve F4 is connected to the output end of the second fuel supply device 18, the output end of the fourth valve F4 is connected to the first input end of the evaporator 20, and the control end of the fourth valve F4 is connected to the control module;

[0073] The second input end of the evaporator 20 is used to input liquid water, the third input end of the evaporator 20 is connected to the second output end of the air pre - heater 11, and the output end of the evaporator 20 is connected to the second input end of the first - stage reformer 16.

[0074] The control module controls the supply of fuel to the first-stage fuel cell stack 14 by controlling the on-off state of the fourth valve F4, enabling the fuel cell to generate electricity through combustion. The evaporator 20 is used to convert liquid water into gaseous water and then output the water together with the fuel output by the second fuel supplier 18 to the first-stage reformer 16. The air preheater 11 provides heat for both the first-stage reformer 16 and the evaporator 20. Optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a liquid water supplier 19, which is connected to the second input end of the evaporator 20 and is used to supply liquid water to the evaporator 20.

[0075] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a third fuel supplier 25, a fifth valve F5, a second-stage mixer 22, and a second-stage reformer 21;

[0076] The input end of the fifth valve F5 is connected to the output end of the third fuel supplier 25, the output end of the fifth valve 25 is connected to the first input end of the second-stage mixer 22, the control end of the fifth valve F5 is connected to the control module, and the second input end of the second-stage mixer 22 is used to input gaseous water;

[0077] The first input end of the second-stage reformer 21 is connected to the anode of the first-stage fuel cell stack 14, the second input end of the second-stage reformer 21 is connected to the output end of the second-stage mixer 22, and the first output end of the second-stage reformer 21 is connected to the anode of the second-stage fuel cell stack 15.

[0078] The control module controls the supply of fuel to the second-stage fuel cell stack 14 by controlling the on-off state of the fifth valve F5 to adjust the output power of the second-stage fuel cell stack 15.

[0079] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , optionally, the fuel cell system with a dual-end supply burner further includes a cooler 23 and a gas-liquid separator 24;

[0080] The input end of the cooler 23 is connected to the second output end of the second-stage reformer 21, the output end of the cooler 23 is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator 24, the first output end of the gas-liquid separator 24 is connected to the second input end of the second-stage mixer 22, and the second output end of the gas-liquid separator 24 is connected to the third input end of the evaporator 20. The cooler and the gas-liquid separator 24 are used to cool the unreacted raw materials in the first-stage fuel cell stack 14 to achieve gas-liquid separation. At the same time, the separated gaseous water is input into the second-stage mixer 22 to provide reaction raw materials for the second-stage fuel cell stack 15 and is also input into the evaporator 20 for reuse, saving energy.

[0081] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added or deleted. For example, the steps recited in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and no limitation is made herein.

[0082] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system with a double-ended burner supply, characterized in that: It includes a control module, a fuel cell, a first fuel supplier, an air preheater and a burner, wherein the burner includes a flame burner and a catalytic burner, and a catalytic carrier is arranged in the catalytic burner; The output end of the fuel cell is connected to the first input end of the flame burner, the output end of the flame burner is connected to the first input end of the catalytic burner, the output end of the catalytic burner is connected to the first input end of the air preheater, the second input end of the air preheater is used to input air at room temperature, the first output end of the air preheater is connected to the input end of the fuel cell, and the air preheater is used to provide the fuel cell with heat required for the reaction; The control module is connected to the first fuel supplier, and the output end of the first fuel supplier is respectively connected to the second input end of the flame burner and the second input end of the catalytic burner. The control module is used to control the first fuel supplier to supply fuel to the flame burner so that the fuel burns in the flame burner. It is also used to control the first fuel supplier to supply fuel to the catalytic burner when the temperature of the output end of the flame burner reaches the ignition temperature of the catalytic carrier, so that the catalytic burner starts and burns the fuel.

2. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first temperature acquisition module and a second temperature acquisition module; The first temperature acquisition module is arranged at the first input end of the flame burner, and is used to acquire the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner; The second temperature acquisition module is arranged at the output end of the flame burner, and is used to acquire the temperature of the output end of the flame burner; The control module is connected to the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module respectively, and is used to determine the first flow rate of fuel that the first fuel supplier needs to output to the flame burner based on the temperature of the output end of the flame burner and the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner, and control the first fuel supplier to provide fuel to the flame burner at the first flow rate.

3. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module is also used to determine the total flow rate of fuel output by the first fuel supplier based on the set catalytic burner outlet temperature and the temperature of the first input end of the flame burner, and control the first fuel supplier to provide fuel to the catalytic burner at a second flow rate based on the total flow rate of fuel output by the first fuel supplier and the first flow rate.

4. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first valve, a second valve and a third valve, wherein the input end of the first valve is connected to the output end of the first fuel supplier, and the control end of the first valve is connected to the control module; The input end of the second valve is connected to the output end of the first valve, the output end of the second valve is connected to the second input end of the flame burner, and the control end of the second valve is connected to the control module; The input end of the third valve is connected to the output end of the first valve, the output end of the third valve is connected to the second input end of the catalytic burner, and the control end of the third valve is connected to the control module.

5. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell comprises a first-stage stack and a second-stage stack, wherein the first-stage stack and the second-stage stack each comprise an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode; The anode of the first-stage stack is connected to the first output end of the air preheater, the anode of the first-stage stack is used to input reaction raw materials, and the anode of the first-stage stack is connected to the anode of the second-stage stack; The cathode of the first-stage stack is connected to the cathode of the second-stage stack, and the anode and cathode of the second-stage stack are both connected to the first input end of the flame burner.

6. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first-stage mixer and a first-stage reformer, wherein the first output end of the air preheater is connected to the first input end of the first-stage reformer, the second input end of the first-stage reformer is used to input reaction raw materials, the output end of the first-stage reformer is respectively connected to the anode and cathode of the first-stage stack, the first input end of the first-stage mixer is connected to the cathode of the first-stage stack, the output end of the first-stage mixer is connected to the cathode of the second-stage stack, and the second input end of the first-stage mixer is used to input air at room temperature; The control module is used for controlling the second input end of the first-stage mixer to input air to cool the flame burner when the temperature of the output end of the flame burner is greater than or equal to the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel.

7. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module is also used to control the second input end of the first-stage mixer to input air at room temperature when the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is greater than or equal to the ignition temperature of the catalyst carrier and less than the tolerance temperature of the catalyst carrier, so as to cool the flame burner so that the temperature at the output end of the flame burner is less than the ignition temperature of the catalyst carrier.

8. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included is a second fuel supplier, a fourth valve, and an evaporator; The input end of the fourth valve is connected to the output end of the second fuel supplier, the output end of the fourth valve is connected to the first input end of the evaporator, and the control end of the fourth valve is connected to the control module; The second input end of the evaporator is used to input liquid water, the third input end of the evaporator is connected to the second output end of the air preheater, and the output end of the evaporator is connected to the second input end of the first-stage reformer.

9. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also included is a third fuel supplier, a fifth valve, a second stage mixer, and a second stage reformer; The input end of the fifth valve is connected to the output end of the third fuel supplier, the output end of the fifth valve is connected to the first input end of the second stage mixer, the control end of the fifth valve is connected to the control module, and the second input end of the second stage mixer is used to input liquid water; The first input end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the anode of the first-stage stack, the second input end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the output end of the second-stage mixer, and the first output end of the second-stage reformer is connected to the anode of the second-stage stack.

10. The fuel cell system with double-end supply burners according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a cooler and a gas-water separator; The input end of the cooler is connected to the second output end of the second-stage reformer, the output end of the cooler is connected to the input end of the gas-water separator, the first output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the second input end of the second-stage mixer, and the second output end of the gas-water separator is connected to the third input end of the evaporator.

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