Composition for reducing fat and losing weight as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to a composition for reducing fat and losing weight as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biology. The composition comprises 30-60 parts of cordyceps flower sporocarp particles, 5-20 parts of morchella sporocarp particles, 10-25 parts of tartary buckwheat powder, 10-25 parts of a mulberry leaf water extract, 5-21 parts of a rhizoma polygonati water extract and 1-6 parts of a cassia seed water extract. The raw materials are mixed to obtain the composition. The composition can improve the blood fat level of hyperlipidemia, inhibit weight increase, reduce the volume of white fat cells, inhibit liver lipid deposition, reverse liver tissue and liver function damage, effectively reduce lipid and lose weight, and play a role in treating hyperlipidemia, obesity and fatty liver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a lipid-lowering and weight-loss composition and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Dyslipidemia is a common lipid metabolism disorder in clinical practice. Hyperlipidemia is its main manifestation, which is manifested by abnormally elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum. Long-term hyperlipidemia may lead to fatty liver and impair liver function, and may also cause a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and stroke. At the same time, dyslipidemia is closely related to obesity, and has a significant impact on obesity. For example, dyslipidemia affects the body's metabolism, making it easier for fat to accumulate, thereby causing obesity or aggravating obesity. At the same time, obesity is also an important risk factor for dyslipidemia. Due to excessive fat tissue in the body, obese people are often accompanied by disorders in fat metabolism, which causes dyslipidemia.

[0003] In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, many living habits and dietary structures have changed significantly. The intake of high-fat, high-sugar and high-salt foods has increased, resulting in a rapid expansion of the group of people with hyperlipidemia and obesity. The resulting hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and obesity, as well as the resulting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebral embolism, have become one of the main causes affecting human health.

[0004] For the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia and related obesity, the commonly used treatment methods are still chemical drugs. For example, statins are the first choice for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Studies have shown that statins can effectively reduce C-reactive protein in human serum, significantly reduce blood lipid levels in the body, and help reduce cardiovascular risks. However, as chemical drugs, statins often cause a certain degree of adverse reactions in the body, such as hepatotoxicity, causing liver damage; muscle toxicity, causing myalgia and rhabdomyolysis; neurotoxicity, causing cognitive impairment, poor vision, etc. Compared with this defect of Western medicine, the development of low-toxic and side-effect lipid-lowering and weight-loss products for the effective prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and obesity has become an urgent need for research and development. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lipid-lowering and weight-loss composition, which can improve the blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia, inhibit weight gain, reduce the volume of white fat cells, inhibit the deposition of liver lipids, reverse liver tissue and liver function damage, effectively lower lipids and lose weight, and play a role in treating hyperlipidemia, obesity and fatty liver.

[0006] The invention provides a lipid-lowering and weight-loss composition, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 5-20 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 10-25 parts of tartary buckwheat flour, 10-25 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 5-21 parts of polygonatum water extract and 1-6 parts of cassia seed water extract.

[0007] Preferably, the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 50 parts of Cordyceps sinensis fruiting body particles, 10 to 16 parts of Morchella edodes fruiting body particles, 11 to 15 parts of Tartary Buckwheat flour, 11 to 16 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 10 to 20 parts of Polygonatum sibiricum water extract and 2 to 4 parts of Cassia seed water extract.

[0008] Preferably, the crude polysaccharide content of the mulberry leaf water extract is 5% to 15%.

[0009] Preferably, the crude polysaccharide content of the polygonatum water extract is 5% to 15%.

[0010] Preferably, the total anthraquinone content of the Cassia seed water extract is 1% to 4%.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the Cordyceps flower fruiting body particles and the Morchella fruiting body particles comprises: crushing the Cordyceps flower fruiting body and the Morchella fruiting body, steaming and drying to obtain the Cordyceps flower fruiting body particles and the Morchella fruiting body particles.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the Cordyceps sinensis fruiting body after crushing is 10-20 meshes, and the particle size of the Morchella edodes fruiting body after crushing is 20-60 meshes.

[0013] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, comprising the following steps: mixing cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, morel fruiting body particles, tartary buckwheat powder, mulberry leaf water extract, polygonatum water extract and cassia seed water extract to prepare the composition.

[0014] The present invention also provides application of the composition or the preparation method in preparing lipid-lowering and / or weight-loss products.

[0015] The present invention also provides application of the composition or the preparation method in preparing products for treating hyperlipidemia and / or fatty liver.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention provides a lipid-lowering and weight-loss composition, and in vitro tests show that the composition of the present invention has a lipid-lowering effect. In vivo tests show that the composition of the present invention can reduce the levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol in serum, effectively improve the blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia, and treat hyperlipidemia; it can inhibit the increase of body weight, reduce the volume of white fat cells, and treat obesity; inhibit the deposition of liver lipids, reduce the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, increase the glutathione content and total antioxidant capacity in liver tissue, reverse liver tissue and liver function damage, and effectively treat fatty liver. At the same time, the Cordyceps flower fruiting body and Morchella fruiting body, and Tartary buckwheat flour in the composition of the present invention are common food raw materials, while mulberry leaves, Polygonatum sibiricum and Cassia seed are raw materials that are both food and medicine. The composition of the present invention is safer than Western medicine prepared from chemical raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The oil red staining images of LO-2 cells under different formulas; among them, CTL is the blank control group, OA is the model group, 1-100, 1-200, 1-400 are oleic acid treatment groups under the effect of formula 1 (100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL), 2-100, 2-200, 2-400 are oleic acid treatment groups under the effect of formula 2 (100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL), 3-100, 3-200, 3-400 are oleic acid treatment groups under the effect of formula 3 (100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL).

[0019] Figure 2 The figure is the percentage of positive staining area of ​​LO-2 cells under the action of different formulas; among them, CTL is the blank control group, OA is the model group, 1-100, 1-200, 1-400 are the oleic acid treatment groups under the action of formula 1 100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL, respectively, 2-100, 2-200, 2-400 are the oleic acid treatment groups under the action of formula 2 100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL, respectively, 3-100, 3-200, 3-400 are the oleic acid treatment groups under the action of formula 3 100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL, respectively; ** indicates P<0.01 compared with OA, *** indicates P<0.001 compared with OA, **** indicates P<0.0001 compared with OA, and #### indicates P<0.0001 compared with CTL.

[0020] Figure 3 The figure shows the effect of the composition of the present invention on the body weight change of mice.

[0021] Figure 4The figure shows the effect of the composition of the present invention on the blood lipid level of mice; wherein A is total cholesterol, B is triglyceride, C is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and D is high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; # indicates P<0.05 compared with CTL, and ## indicates P<0.01 compared with CTL; * indicates P<0.05 compared with HFD, and ** indicates P<0.01 compared with HFD.

[0022] Figure 5 The figure shows the effect of the composition of the present invention on lipid deposition in the liver; wherein, from top to bottom, they are: a graph of lipid deposition in liver tissue observed by Oil Red O staining (200×), a statistical graph of the positive area of ​​lipid deposition; ### indicates P<0.001 compared with CTL; * indicates P<0.05 compared with HFD, ** indicates P<0.01 compared with HFD, and *** indicates P<0.001 compared with HFD.

[0023] Figure 6 The effect of the composition of the present invention on the morphology of white fat; wherein A is a picture of subperitoneal white adipose tissue observed by H&E staining (200×), B is a picture of epididymal white fat morphology observed by H&E staining (200×), C is the subperitoneal white adipose tissue cell count under the visual field, and D is the epididymal white fat cell count under the visual field; ### indicates P<0.001 compared with CTL; * indicates P<0.05 compared with HFD, and ** indicates P<0.01 compared with HFD.

[0024] Figure 7 The effect of the composition of the present invention on liver function; wherein A is the morphology of liver tissue observed by H&E staining (200×), B is the result of glutathione determination, C is the result of total antioxidant capacity determination, D is the result of malondialdehyde determination, E is the result of serum aspartate aminotransferase level determination, and F is the result of serum alanine aminotransferase level determination; # indicates P<0.05 compared with CTL, ## indicates P<0.01 compared with CTL, ### indicates P<0.001 compared with CTL, * indicates P<0.05 compared with HFD, ** indicates P<0.01 compared with HFD, and *** indicates P<0.001 compared with HFD. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The invention provides a lipid-lowering and weight-reducing composition, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 5-20 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 10-25 parts of tartary buckwheat flour, 10-25 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 5-21 parts of polygonatum water extract and 1-6 parts of cassia seed water extract; preferably, 40-50 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 10-16 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 11-15 parts of tartary buckwheat flour, 11-16 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 10-20 parts of polygonatum water extract and 2-4 parts of cassia seed water extract; more preferably, 45 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 12 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 14.5 parts of tartary buckwheat flour, 14 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 11 parts of polygonatum water extract and 3.5 parts of cassia seed water extract.

[0026] In the present invention, the crude polysaccharide content of the mulberry leaf water extract is preferably 5% to 15%, more preferably 8% to 12%, and further preferably 10%; the crude polysaccharide content of the polygonatum water extract is preferably 5% to 15%, more preferably 8% to 12%, and further preferably 10%; the total anthraquinone content of the cassia seed water extract is preferably 1% to 4%, more preferably 1.5% to 3%, and further preferably 2%. The present invention has no special restrictions on the sources of the mulberry leaf water extract, polygonatum water extract, and cassia seed water extract, and they can be either conventional commercial products in the art or prepared by themselves. When prepared by themselves, there is no special restriction on the extraction method for preparing the mulberry leaf water extract, polygonatum water extract, and cassia seed water extract, and they can be prepared by conventional water extract processes in the art.

[0027] In the present invention, the cordyceps flower, also known as Cordyceps militaris (L.) Fr., has edible and medicinal value. The preparation method of the cordyceps flower fruiting body particles comprises: crushing the cordyceps flower fruiting body, steaming and drying the cordyceps flower fruiting body to obtain the cordyceps flower fruiting body particles. The polysaccharide content of the Cordyceps flower fruiting body is preferably 15% to 25%, more preferably 17% to 21%, and further preferably 19%, and the cordycepin content is preferably 0.5 to 1.2%, more preferably 0.6% to 0.8%, and further preferably 0.7%; the Cordyceps flower fruiting body is first crushed, and the present invention has no special limitation on the crushing method, and the conventional crushing method in the field can be used; the particle size of the crushed particles is preferably 10 to 20 mesh, and the method for screening the particle size is preferably through 10 mesh and 20 mesh sieves, and the particles passing through the 10 mesh sieve and not passing through the 20 mesh sieve are retained; after sieving, steaming is performed, and the present invention has no special limitation on the steaming method, and the conventional steaming method in the field can be used. In one embodiment, boiling water steam can be selected for steaming for 20 minutes; drying after steaming, the present invention has no special limitation on the drying method, and the conventional drying method in the field can be used. In one embodiment, drying can be selected at 60°C.

[0028] In the present invention, the Morchella is a Morchella esculer Ua (L) Pers. of the Morohellaceae family, which is a well-known edible and medicinal fungus among ascomycetes, and is both a good vegetable and a good medicine. The preparation method of the Morchella fruiting body particles comprises: crushing the Morchella fruiting body, steaming and drying the Morchella fruiting body to obtain the Morchella fruiting body particles. The polysaccharide content of the Morchella fruiting body is preferably 5% to 15%, more preferably 8% to 12%, and further preferably 10%. The fruiting bodies of the morel mushrooms are first crushed. The present invention has no special limitation on the crushing method, and the conventional crushing method in the art can be used; the particle size of the crushed particles is preferably 20-60 mesh, and the method for screening the particle size is preferably to pass through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, and retain the particles that pass through the 20-mesh sieve and do not pass through the 60-mesh sieve; after screening, steaming is performed. The present invention has no special limitation on the steaming method, and the conventional steaming method in the art can be used. In one embodiment, boiling water steam can be used for steaming for 20 minutes; drying is performed after steaming. The present invention has no special limitation on the drying method, and the conventional drying method in the art can be used. In one embodiment, drying can be performed at 60°C.

[0029] The invention has no special limitation on the sources of the cordyceps flower fruiting bodies, morel fruiting bodies and tartary buckwheat flour, which can be homemade or conventional commercial products in the art.

[0030] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, comprising the following steps: cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, morel fruiting body particles, tartary buckwheat powder, mulberry leaf water extract, polygonatum water extract and cassia seed water extract are mixed to prepare the composition.

[0031] The present invention also provides the use of the composition or the preparation method in preparing lipid-lowering and / or weight-loss products. The lipid-lowering products preferably include products that help maintain healthy blood lipid (cholesterol / triglyceride) levels, and the weight-loss products preferably include products that help control body fat.

[0032] The present invention also provides application of the composition or the preparation method in preparing products for treating hyperlipidemia and / or fatty liver.

[0033] The composition of the present invention can improve the blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia, inhibit weight gain, reduce the volume of white fat cells, reverse liver tissue and liver function damage, effectively reduce fat and weight, and play a role in treating hyperlipidemia, obesity and fatty liver.

[0034] The present invention has no particular limitation on the dosage form of the product, including but not limited to pills, tablets, capsules, granules or oral liquids.

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, all of them are conventional methods.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0038] The sources of raw materials used in the following embodiments and test examples are as follows: Cordyceps flower fruiting bodies (polysaccharide content 19%, cordycepin content 0.7%) were grown and produced by Sichuan Qiying Fungi Co., Ltd., Morchella fruiting bodies (polysaccharide content 10%) were purchased from Shaanxi Xintianyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., buckwheat flour (crude polysaccharide content 5%) was purchased from Fufeng Snot Biotechnology Co., Ltd., mulberry leaf water extract (crude polysaccharide content 10%) was purchased from Shanghai Changyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and polygonatum water extract (crude polysaccharide content 10%) and cassia seed water extract (total anthraquinone content 2%) were purchased from Xi'an Tianyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The fruiting bodies of the cordyceps flower are crushed and passed through 10-mesh and 20-mesh sieves, and particles of 10-20 mesh are retained. The particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain the fruiting body particles of the cordyceps flower;

[0041] The Morchella fruiting body is crushed and passed through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, particles of 20-60 mesh are retained, and the particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain Morchella fruiting body particles;

[0042] Weigh 45 g of the above-mentioned Cordyceps flower fruiting body granules, 12 g of Morchella fruiting body granules, 14.5 g of Tartary Buckwheat powder, 14 g of mulberry leaf water extract, 11 g of Polygonatum sibiricum water extract and 3.5 g of Cassia seed water extract, and mix them to prepare a composition of the present invention, which is named Formula 1 (or Formula 1).

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The fruiting bodies of the cordyceps flower are crushed and passed through 10-mesh and 20-mesh sieves, and particles of 10-20 mesh are retained. The particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain the fruiting body particles of the cordyceps flower;

[0045] The Morchella fruiting body is crushed and passed through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, particles of 20-60 mesh are retained, and the particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain Morchella fruiting body particles;

[0046] Weigh 40 g of the above-mentioned Cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 14 g of Morchella fruiting body particles, 11 g of buckwheat powder, 11.5 g of mulberry leaf water extract, 20 g of polygonatum water extract and 3.5 g of cassia seed water extract to make a composition of the present invention, named Formula 2 (or Formula 2).

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The fruiting bodies of the cordyceps flower are crushed and passed through 10-mesh and 20-mesh sieves, and particles of 10-20 mesh are retained. The particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain the fruiting body particles of the cordyceps flower;

[0049] The Morchella fruiting body is crushed and passed through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, particles of 20-60 mesh are retained, and the particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain Morchella fruiting body particles;

[0050] Weigh 50 g of the above-mentioned Cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 10 g of Morchella fruiting body particles, 12 g of buckwheat powder, 16 g of mulberry leaf water extract, 10 g of polygonatum water extract and 2 g of cassia seed water extract, and mix them to prepare a composition of the present invention, named Formula Three (or Formula 3).

[0051] Example 4

[0052] The fruiting bodies of the cordyceps flower are crushed and passed through 10-mesh and 20-mesh sieves, and particles of 10-20 mesh are retained. The particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain the fruiting body particles of the cordyceps flower;

[0053] The Morchella fruiting body is crushed and passed through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, particles of 20-60 mesh are retained, and the particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain Morchella fruiting body particles;

[0054] Weigh 60 g of the above-mentioned Cordyceps flower fruiting body granules, 5 g of Morchella fruiting body granules, 25 g of Tartary Buckwheat powder, 10 g of mulberry leaf water extract, 21 g of Polygonatum sibiricum water extract and 1 g of Cassia seed water extract, and mix them to prepare a composition of the present invention, which is named Formula Four (or Formula 4).

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The fruiting bodies of the cordyceps flower are crushed and passed through 10-mesh and 20-mesh sieves, and particles of 10-20 mesh are retained. The particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain the fruiting body particles of the cordyceps flower;

[0057] The Morchella fruiting body is crushed and passed through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves, particles of 20-60 mesh are retained, and the particles are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, and then dried at 60° C. to obtain Morchella fruiting body particles;

[0058] Weigh 30 g of the above-mentioned Cordyceps flower fruiting body granules, 20 g of Morchella fruiting body granules, 10 g of buckwheat powder, 25 g of mulberry leaf water extract, 5 g of polygonatum water extract and 6 g of cassia seed water extract, mix them to make a composition of the present invention, named Formula Five (or Formula 5).

[0059] Test Example 1

[0060] Evaluation of the lipid-lowering activity of the composition of the present invention in vitro

[0061] Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3 of this test example were prepared according to Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 respectively.

[0062] 1. Experimental Methods

[0063] 1.1 Cell culture

[0064] LO-2 cells (normal human hepatocytes) were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin / streptomycin in a 5% CO atmosphere. 2 , and cultured at 37°C.

[0065] 1.2 Construction and evaluation of oleic acid-induced high-fat model in LO-2 cells

[0066] The lipid-lowering cell model was established by using oleic acid (OA) to act on human normal liver cells LO-2. 100 μL LO-2 cell suspension (containing 1×10 4 The cells were cultured at 37℃ for 24h. The culture medium of blank control group (CTL) was replaced with serum-free culture medium without OA, and that of model group (OA) and oleic acid treatment group was replaced with serum-free culture medium containing 1mmol / L OA. The oleic acid treatment group was treated with different concentrations (100μg / mL, 200μg / mL, 400μg / mL) of formula one (1-100, 1-200, 1-400 group), two (2-100, 2-200, 2-400 group), and three (3-100, 3-200, 3-400 group) and oleic acid to act on LO-2 cells. After further culture at 37℃ for 24h, the intracellular lipid droplet content was determined by Oil Red O staining.

[0067] 2. Experimental results

[0068] After different concentrations (100 μg / mL, 200 μg / mL, 400 μg / mL) of formulas 1, 2, and 3 were used together with oleic acid to treat LO-2 cells, the results of cell oil red staining were shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 The results showed that there were no lipid droplets in the blank control group (CTL), but lipid droplets appeared in the model group (OA). After treatment with formulas 1, 2, and 3, the lipid droplets in the cells were significantly reduced. With the increase of the concentration of each formula, the lipid droplets in the cells decreased more and more, with a certain concentration dependence.

[0069] The percentage of positive staining area of ​​LO-2 cells under different formulations is shown in Figure 2 As shown, the positive staining area of ​​LO-2 cells in the treatment groups of different concentrations of formula 1, 2, and 3 decreased significantly, and the treatment groups of formula 2 and formula 3 showed dose-dependency, and the decrease effect of the treatment group of formula 2 was more obvious. The above experimental results show that formulas 1, 2, and 3 have potential in vitro lipid-lowering activity, and formulas 1 and 2 have better in vitro lipid-lowering effects.

[0070] Test Example 2

[0071] Evaluation of the in vivo activity of the composition of the present invention in treating hyperlipidemia, obesity and fatty liver

[0072] Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3 of this test example were prepared according to Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 respectively.

[0073] 1. Materials and Methods

[0074] 1.1 Experimental Materials

[0075] High-fat feed was purchased from Jiangsu Xietong Biological Company, and triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute; simvastatin was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Oil Red O was purchased from Beijing Solebao Biological Company.

[0076] 1.2 Establishment of mouse hyperlipidemia model and experimental design

[0077] 45 healthy adult male Kunming mice, weighing 18-21g, were kept at room temperature of 21-27℃, relative humidity of 45%-55%, and noise-free environment. After 7 days of adaptation, the mice were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=5) according to body weight, including blank control group (CTL), hyperlipidemia model group (model group, HFD), low- and high-dose groups of formula 1, 2, and 3 (formulation 1-L: 400mg / kg, formula 1-H: 800mg / kg; formula 2-L: 400mg / kg, formula 2-H: 800mg / kg; formula 3-L: 400mg / kg, formula 3-H: 800mg / kg, equivalent to human dosage (70kg) of about 3g / day and 6g / day respectively) and positive control group (SIM) simvastatin 8mg / kg. Except for the blank control group, all other mice were fed with a high-fat diet. At the same time, the different formula intervention groups and the positive control group were gavaged with the corresponding dose of the test substance every day, and the blank control group and the hyperlipidemia model group were given the same volume of normal saline. The intervention lasted for 8 weeks.

[0078] 1.3 Determination method

[0079] The mice were fasted for 12 h after the last administration. On the second day, blood was collected from the eye sockets after weighing, and the serum was separated by centrifugation. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were determined by enzymatic colorimetry, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined by precipitation method. The liver was collected to prepare liver homogenate, and the contents of liver malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were determined.

[0080] The liver, subperitoneal white adipose tissue and epididymal white adipose tissue specimens were stained with H&E. The liver tissue was stained with Oil Red O to determine the lipid droplet deposition.

[0081] 1.4 Statistical methods

[0082] All data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software, and variance analysis was used for comparison among multiple groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0083] 2. Experimental results

[0084] 2.1 Effects on body weight changes in mice

[0085] High-fat diet is the main factor leading to hyperlipidemia. The changes in the weight of mice were monitored weekly during the whole process of modeling. The results showed that before the experiment, there was no significant difference in the weight of mice among the groups. During the modeling period, the weight of mice in each group increased with the modeling time. Compared with the model group (HFD), after administration of the composition of the present invention, the weight increase trend slowed down significantly, especially the relief effect of formula 1 and formula 2 was more obvious ( Figure 3 ).

[0086] 2.2 Effects on blood lipid levels in mice

[0087] The typical clinical features of hyperlipidemia are elevated triglycerides (TG) and / or total cholesterol (TC) in serum, as well as elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Among them, LDL-C and HDL-C are lipid components of the blood, but excessively high LDL-C levels may have adverse effects on health. Under normal circumstances, LDL-C is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to other parts of the body to meet the cells' demand for cholesterol. However, when LDL-C levels are too high, it may form deposits on the blood vessel walls, leading to the development of atherosclerosis. In contrast, HDL-C is an anti-atherosclerotic lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues to the liver for metabolism and is excreted from the body in bile. Its level is negatively correlated with the risk of cardiovascular disease.

[0088] This experiment determined the effects of the test substance on TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in the serum of hyperlipidemia mice. The results showed that the TG, TC, and LDL-C in the HFD model group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group CTL, and its HDL-C content was significantly lower than that in the blank control group CTL, indicating that the hyperlipidemia model of mice was successfully established; after intervention with the test substance, the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in the serum of hyperlipidemia mice were improved to varying degrees ( Figure 4 ). Comparison between different formulas revealed that Formula 1 and Formula 2 had better effects on improving blood lipid levels in hyperlipidemia mice, and were better than Formula 3.

[0089] 2.3 Effects on hepatic lipid deposition

[0090] Hyperlipidemia is often caused by excess blood lipids in the body, which can cause fatty degeneration of liver cells. Fatty acids damage liver cells, leading to a series of diseases such as fatty liver and cirrhosis. Hyperlipidemia is a sign of metabolic disorder and one of the main causes of fatty liver. Oil Red O can specifically bind to lipid droplets in cells. It is a specific staining method for lipid deposition in cells and tissues. It has been widely used in the study of diseases such as atherosclerosis and fatty liver. Therefore, this experiment uses this staining to determine lipid deposition in liver tissue.

[0091] The results showed that compared with the blank control group CTL, a large amount of lipid accumulation (red area) appeared in the liver tissue of the HFD mice in the model group, indicating that the high-fat diet caused obvious fatty liver symptoms in the mice; after oral administration of the test substance, this symptom was significantly alleviated, and different formulas showed good improvement effects, among which formula 1 and formula 2 had better effects ( Figure 5 ).

[0092] 2.4 Effects on white fat morphology

[0093] White fat has strong plasticity, and high fat diet can cause the volume of white fat cells to increase and the lipid content to increase. In this experiment, the effects of different formulas on the morphology of white fat (including subperitoneal white fat tissue and epididymal white fat) in hyperlipidemic mice were observed by H&E staining.

[0094] The results showed that compared with the blank control group, the volume of subperitoneal white adipose tissue and epididymal white adipocytes in the model group (HFD) increased. After intervention with different formulas, the cell volume decreased compared with the model group ( Figure 6 ).

[0095] 2.5 Effects on liver function

[0096] Hyperlipidemia is recognized as an important risk factor for inducing liver damage. A high-fat diet will increase the burden on the liver while causing fat accumulation in the liver, damaging liver cells and causing abnormal liver function. Therefore, this experiment used H&E staining to observe the morphology of liver tissue, and measured its oxidative stress response and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.

[0097] The results showed that the liver tissue of the blank control group (CTL) was normal, the liver acinus structure was intact, and the liver plate morphology was neat; the liver tissue of the model group (HFD) mice showed obvious macrovesicular fatty degeneration and enlarged liver cells; after intervention with different formulas, the damaged liver tissue was significantly improved ( Figure 7 A in the figure). By measuring the liver tissue oxidative stress related indicators, it was found that compared with the control group, the glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver tissue of the model group were significantly reduced, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased, indicating that the high-fat diet caused obvious oxidative stress response in the liver tissue of mice. After oral administration of different formulas, this pathological response can be significantly improved ( Figure 7 BD in the formula). Comparison between different formulas revealed that formula 3 had the best effect in alleviating liver oxidative stress in hyperlipidemia mice. In addition, serum AST and ALT are classic indicators of liver cell damage. This study found that the AST and ALT levels in the serum of the model group mice were significantly higher than those in the control group, and after intervention with different formulas, they were reversed to varying degrees ( Figure 7 E and F in ).

[0098] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for reducing fat and weight, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 5-20 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 10-25 parts of tartary buckwheat powder, 10-25 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 5-21 parts of polygonatum water extract and 1-6 parts of cassia seed water extract.

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, 10-16 parts of morel fruiting body particles, 11-15 parts of tartary buckwheat powder, 11-16 parts of mulberry leaf water extract, 10-20 parts of polygonatum water extract and 2-4 parts of cassia seed water extract.

3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The crude polysaccharide content of the mulberry leaf water extract is 5% to 15%.

4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The crude polysaccharide content of the polygonatum water extract is 5% to 15%.

5. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The total anthraquinone content of the Cassia seed water extract is 1% to 4%.

6. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the cordyceps flower fruiting body particles and the morel fruiting body particles comprises: crushing the cordyceps flower fruiting body and the morel fruiting body, steaming and drying to obtain the cordyceps flower fruiting body particles and the morel fruiting body particles.

7. The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that The particle size of the Cordyceps sinensis fruiting body after being crushed is 10 to 20 meshes, and the particle size of the Morchella edodes fruiting body after being crushed is 20 to 60 meshes.

8. The method for preparing the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The composition is prepared by mixing cordyceps flower fruiting body particles, morel mushroom fruiting body particles, tartary buckwheat powder, mulberry leaf water extract, polygonatum water extract and cassia seed water extract.

9. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the preparation method according to claim 8 in the preparation of lipid-lowering and / or weight-loss products.

10. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the preparation method according to claim 8 in preparing a product for treating hyperlipidemia and / or fatty liver.

Images