Catalyst for hydrogen purification of new energy fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to a hydrogen purification catalyst for a new energy fuel cell, and the hydrogen purification catalyst for the new energy fuel cell comprises 30-65% of an active agent, 10-20% of a carrier, 7-35% of a stabilizer and 5-20% of an auxiliary agent, loading an active agent on the carrier, and adding an auxiliary agent to obtain a carrier loaded with noble metal; dipping and drying the carrier loaded with the noble metal and a stabilizer, and adding an auxiliary agent to obtain a catalyst precursor; and carrying out heat treatment on the catalyst precursor and adding an auxiliary agent to obtain the catalyst. The invention aims to provide the catalyst for hydrogen purification of the new energy fuel cell, and solves the problem that the existing catalyst is easy to physically and functionally degrade in a long-term use process, so that the catalytic activity is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, and in particular to a catalyst for purifying hydrogen in a new energy fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen directly into electrical energy. Its working principle is based on an electrochemical reaction, in which hydrogen undergoes an oxidation reaction at the anode to produce protons and electrons; oxygen accepts electrons and protons at the cathode and undergoes a reduction reaction to produce water; the energy released in this process is converted into electrical energy, while heat and water are produced as byproducts; in a hydrogen fuel cell system, the purity of hydrogen is crucial to the performance and life of the battery; the presence of impurities (such as carbon monoxide, sulfides, nitrides, etc.) will reduce the catalytic efficiency of the battery and even cause catalyst poisoning, so hydrogen must be purified before entering the fuel cell to remove these harmful impurities; and the catalyst plays a key role in the hydrogen purification process, which can accelerate the chemical reaction between hydrogen and impurities, thereby effectively removing impurities;

[0003] However, during long-term use, existing catalysts are prone to physical and functional degradation, resulting in decreased catalytic activity;

[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell, so as to solve the problem that the existing catalyst is prone to physical and functional degradation during long-term use, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity.

[0006] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0007] A catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell, comprising, by mass fraction:

[0008] Active agent 30-65%, carrier 10-20%, stabilizer 7-35%, auxiliary agent 5-20%;

[0009] The active agent is loaded on the carrier to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0010] The carrier loaded with the noble metal is impregnated and dried with the stabilizer to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0011] The catalyst precursor is heat treated to obtain a catalyst.

[0012] Further, in terms of mass fraction, the active agent includes:

[0013] Chloroplatinic acid 40-70%, palladium chloride 20-60%;

[0014] According to the mass fraction, chloroplatinic acid and palladium chloride are dissolved in deionized water respectively to obtain a well-dissolved platinum source solution and a palladium source solution.

[0015] Further, the carrier is alumina;

[0016] Placing the alumina carrier powder in a heat treatment device for preheating to obtain preheated alumina carrier powder, wherein the preheating temperature is between 100 and 200° C. and the preheating time is between 30 minutes and 1 hour;

[0017] After the preheating is completed, the temperature is gradually increased to the final heat treatment temperature to obtain the heat-treated alumina carrier powder, wherein the final heat treatment temperature is between 600-1200° C. and the time is 1-4 hours;

[0018] After the heat treatment is completed, the heat-treated alumina carrier powder is slowly cooled to room temperature, and is ground and sieved to remove particles that do not meet the requirements to obtain alumina powder particles that meet the requirements, thereby obtaining a pretreated alumina carrier.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for preparing the carrier loaded with precious metals is as follows:

[0020] The pretreated alumina carrier is placed in a container, and the dissolved platinum source solution and palladium source solution are slowly added dropwise to the pretreated alumina carrier while stirring or shaking to obtain an alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution;

[0021] Adding hydrogen to the alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution to perform a reduction reaction to obtain an alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles;

[0022] After the reduction reaction is completed, the alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles is washed with deionized water to remove unreacted platinum source, palladium source and reducing agent. During the washing process, the washing liquid is replaced several times until the washing liquid is clear to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals.

[0023] Further, the stabilizer comprises, by mass fraction: 25-60% cerium oxide, 5-30% yttrium, 5-30% lanthanum zirconate, 1-3% binder, and 5-30% antidegradant;

[0024] The cerium oxide, yttrium and lanthanum zirconate are all powders;

[0025] The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0026] Further, the anti-degradation agent comprises, by mass fraction: 60-80% niobium pentoxide and 20-40% silicon carbide;

[0027] The niobium pentoxide and silicon carbide are both powders;

[0028] Niobium pentoxide and silicon carbide powder are added into deionized water and stirred to obtain a niobium source-silicon carbide suspension, namely, an antidegradant solution.

[0029] Furthermore, the preparation method of the stabilizer is:

[0030] Slowly adding cerium oxide, yttrium, and lanthanum zirconate powders into deionized water and stirring to obtain a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent;

[0031] Adding polyvinyl alcohol to a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent, and stirring to obtain a first stabilizer solution;

[0032] The antidegradant solution is added to the first stabilizer solution to obtain a stabilizer solution.

[0033] Furthermore, the auxiliary agent comprises, by mass fraction, 20-50% niobium tungstate and 50-80% graphite.

[0034] Furthermore, the preparation method of the catalyst precursor is:

[0035] Immersing the precious metal-loaded carrier in a stabilizer solution for 5-10 hours to obtain an impregnated carrier;

[0036] The impregnated carrier is dried at a temperature between 50° C. and 200° C. to obtain a catalyst precursor.

[0037] Furthermore, the preparation method of the catalyst is:

[0038] The catalyst precursor is uniformly loaded into the heating area of ​​the heat treatment equipment for heating, wherein the sintering temperature is set to 800°C, the heating rate is 5°C / min, the cooling rate is 3°C / min, and the heat treatment time is 10 hours;

[0039] During the heating process, an inert gas is added, wherein the inert gas is nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 50 L / h, and the purity is 99.999%;

[0040] After the heat treatment is completed, the catalyst is naturally cooled to room temperature or close to room temperature in the heat treatment equipment and taken out to obtain the catalyst.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present invention can enhance the physical stability of the catalyst by optimizing the heat treatment conditions, reduce particle agglomeration, surface area loss and structural damage during long-term use, thereby extending the service life of the catalyst; adopt a highly stable carrier material and a precious metal-stabilizer composite system to further improve the thermal stability and chemical stability of the catalyst, so that it can maintain excellent performance under various reaction conditions; optimize the composition and structure of the catalyst to ensure the uniform distribution and high dispersion of the precious metal active components on the carrier, which can effectively improve the initial activity of the catalyst. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings are used for further understanding of the present invention and are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a performance test chart of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0047] A method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell is as follows:

[0048] The active agent is loaded on the carrier and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a carrier loaded with a precious metal;

[0049] The carrier loaded with the noble metal is impregnated and dried with a stabilizer and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0050] The catalyst precursor is heat treated and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a catalyst.

[0051] The method for preparing the carrier loaded with precious metals is as follows:

[0052] The pretreated alumina carrier is placed in a container, and the dissolved platinum source solution and palladium source solution are slowly dripped onto the pretreated alumina carrier and an auxiliary agent is added, and the alumina carrier is stirred or shaken at the same time to obtain an alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution;

[0053] Adding hydrogen to the alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution to perform a reduction reaction to obtain an alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles;

[0054] After the reduction reaction is completed, the alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles is washed with deionized water to remove unreacted platinum source, palladium source and reducing agent. During the washing process, the washing liquid is replaced several times until the washing liquid is clear to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals.

[0055] The preparation method of the stabilizer is:

[0056] Slowly adding cerium oxide, yttrium, and lanthanum zirconate powders into deionized water and stirring to obtain a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent;

[0057] Adding polyvinyl alcohol to a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent, and stirring to obtain a first stabilizer solution;

[0058] The antidegradant solution is added to the first stabilizer solution to obtain a stabilizer solution.

[0059] The preparation method of the catalyst precursor is:

[0060] Immersing the precious metal-loaded carrier in a stabilizer solution for 5-10 hours and adding an auxiliary agent to obtain an impregnated carrier;

[0061] The impregnated carrier is dried at a temperature between 50° C. and 200° C. to obtain a catalyst precursor.

[0062] The preparation method of the catalyst is:

[0063] The catalyst precursor is uniformly loaded into the heating area of ​​the heat treatment equipment for heating and adding auxiliary agents, wherein the sintering temperature is set to 800°C, the heating rate is 5°C / min, the cooling rate is 3°C / min, and the heat treatment time is 10 hours;

[0064] During the heating process, an inert gas is added, wherein the inert gas is nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 50 L / h, and the purity is 99.999%;

[0065] After the heat treatment is completed, the catalyst is naturally cooled to room temperature or close to room temperature in the heat treatment equipment and taken out to obtain the catalyst.

[0066] Furthermore, through the steps of preheating, grinding and screening, impurities and particles that do not meet the requirements in the alumina carrier are removed to obtain a carrier with uniform pore structure and specific surface area, which provides a good foundation for the subsequent precious metal loading; the dissolved platinum source solution and palladium source solution are slowly dripped onto the pretreated alumina carrier, and auxiliary agents are added, and stirring or oscillating is performed at the same time to ensure that the precious metal solution is evenly distributed on the carrier surface; hydrogen is added for reduction reaction to reduce the platinum and palladium ions into metal particles, which are firmly loaded on the alumina carrier; after the reduction reaction is completed, the carrier is washed with deionized water to remove unreacted precious metal sources and reducing agents to ensure that the loaded precious metal particles are pure and evenly distributed;

[0067] Slowly adding cerium oxide, yttrium and lanthanum zirconate powders into deionized water and stirring to ensure that the powders are uniformly dispersed in the solvent to form a stable mixture; adding polyvinyl alcohol into the mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent and stirring to obtain a first stabilizer solution, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is used as a binder to help the stabilizer powder adhere to and disperse on the carrier; adding an antidegradant solution into the first stabilizer solution to obtain a final stabilizer solution, wherein the antidegradant can enhance the catalyst's resistance to physical and functional degradation and improve the catalyst's stability and service life;

[0068] The carrier loaded with precious metals is immersed in a stabilizer solution, and an auxiliary agent is added to ensure that the stabilizer solution fully penetrates into the pores of the carrier and is tightly combined with the precious metal particles; the immersion time is controlled to be 5-10 hours to ensure that the stabilizer solution fully acts; the impregnated carrier is dried at 50°C to 200°C to remove the solvent and excess water to obtain a catalyst precursor. During the drying process, the auxiliary agent may play a role in promoting drying and maintaining structural stability;

[0069] The catalyst precursor is evenly loaded into the heating area of ​​the heat treatment equipment for heat treatment. The sintering temperature is set to 800℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, the cooling rate is 3℃ / min, and the heat treatment time is 10 hours. During the heating process, inert gas (such as nitrogen) is added to ensure that the heat treatment environment is oxygen-free to prevent the oxidation of precious metals. The flow and purity control of nitrogen helps to maintain the stability and safety of the heat treatment environment. After the heat treatment is completed, the catalyst is naturally cooled to room temperature or close to room temperature in the heat treatment equipment. During the cooling process, the auxiliary agent may play a role in preventing the catalyst structure from changing and maintaining stable performance. The catalyst is taken out to obtain the final new energy fuel cell hydrogen purification catalyst.

[0070] Alumina, as a carrier material, provides a high specific surface area, which helps to evenly disperse the precious metal particles and enhance the mechanical strength of the catalyst. Cerium oxide, due to its good redox properties and oxygen storage capacity, helps the catalyst maintain activity during the reaction and improves its anti-poisoning ability. Niobium improves the catalyst's resistance to physical degradation. Yttrium helps stabilize the catalyst's microstructure and prevents structural changes at high temperatures or harsh conditions, thereby improving stability. Lanthanum zirconate has thermal and chemical stability, and further improves the catalyst's anti-degradation ability by forming a protective layer and improving the acid-base properties of the catalyst surface. Silicon carbide, as a hard material, can increase the mechanical strength of the catalyst and prevent it from failing due to wear during the reaction. Niobium tungstate can provide additional active sites and improve the catalyst's electronic structure. Graphite is used to adjust the catalyst's pore structure, increase the specific surface area or serve as an electronic conductor, thereby optimizing the catalyst's overall performance.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] Preparation steps:

[0073] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 60% chloroplatinic acid and 40% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0074] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 150°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0075] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, and adding an appropriate amount of auxiliary agent (30% niobium tungstate, 70% graphite), stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen for reduction, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0076] Preparation of stabilizer: 40% cerium oxide, 20% yttrium, 20% lanthanum zirconate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and 20% antidegradant solution (prepared by mixing 60% niobium pentoxide and 40% silicon carbide) are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0077] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0078] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0079] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Preparation steps:

[0082] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 50% chloroplatinic acid and 50% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0083] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 150°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0084] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, and adding an appropriate amount of auxiliary agent (30% niobium tungstate, 70% graphite), stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen for reduction, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0085] Preparation of stabilizer: 40% cerium oxide, 20% yttrium, 20% lanthanum zirconate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and 20% antidegradant solution (prepared by mixing 60% niobium pentoxide and 40% silicon carbide) are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0086] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0087] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0088] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Preparation steps:

[0091] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 60% chloroplatinic acid and 40% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0092] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 150°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0093] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, and adding an appropriate amount of auxiliary agent (30% niobium tungstate, 70% graphite), stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen for reduction, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0094] Preparation of stabilizer: 50% cerium oxide, 15% yttrium, 15% lanthanum zirconate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and 20% anti-degradation agent (70% niobium pentoxide, 30% silicon carbide) are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0095] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0096] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0097] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] Preparation steps:

[0100] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 60% chloroplatinic acid and 40% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0101] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 150°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0102] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, and adding an appropriate amount of auxiliary agent (30% niobium tungstate, 70% graphite), stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen for reduction, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0103] Preparation of stabilizer: 40% cerium oxide, 20% yttrium, 20% lanthanum zirconate and 2% polyvinyl alcohol are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0104] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0105] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0106] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0107] Comparative Example 2

[0108] Preparation steps:

[0109] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 60% chloroplatinic acid and 40% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0110] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 50°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0111] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, and adding an appropriate amount of auxiliary agent (30% niobium tungstate, 70% graphite), stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen for reduction, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0112] Preparation of stabilizer: 40% cerium oxide, 20% yttrium, 20% lanthanum zirconate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and 20% antidegradant solution (prepared by mixing 60% niobium pentoxide and 40% silicon carbide) are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0113] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0114] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0115] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0116] Comparative Example 3

[0117] Preparation steps:

[0118] Preparation of active agent: dissolve 60% chloroplatinic acid and 40% palladium chloride in deionized water to obtain platinum source solution and palladium source solution respectively;

[0119] Carrier pretreatment: The alumina carrier powder was placed in a heat treatment device, preheated to 150°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 900°C for 3 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature, and ground and sieved to obtain the pretreated alumina carrier;

[0120] Loading precious metals: placing the pretreated alumina carrier in a container, slowly dropping a platinum source solution and a palladium source solution, stirring to obtain an impregnated carrier, introducing hydrogen to reduce, and washing to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals;

[0121] Preparation of stabilizer: 40% cerium oxide, 20% yttrium, 20% lanthanum zirconate, 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and 20% antidegradant solution (prepared by mixing 60% niobium pentoxide and 40% silicon carbide) are mixed in proportion to obtain a stabilizer solution;

[0122] Preparation of catalyst precursor: immersing the carrier loaded with precious metal in a stabilizer solution for 8 hours, and drying to obtain a catalyst precursor;

[0123] Catalyst preparation: The catalyst precursor was loaded into a heat treatment device, the sintering temperature was set to 800°C, the heating rate was 5°C / min, the cooling rate was 3°C / min, the heat treatment was performed for 10 hours, nitrogen protection was applied, and the catalyst was naturally cooled after the heat treatment to obtain the catalyst;

[0124] Performance testing: Testing the activity, stability and selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogen purification reactions.

[0125] The performance of the catalysts provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples was tested.

[0126]

[0127] Proportion value) Activity retention rate Yield) Example 1 100 95％ 98％ Example 2 98 96％ 97％ Example 3 102 94％ 99％ Comparative Example 1 95 85％ 95％ Comparative Example 2 85 80％ 90％ Comparative Example 3 80 75％ 85％

[0128] Performance test data such as Figure 1 shown.

[0129] From the above content, it can be seen that the activities of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all relatively high, among which the activity of Example 3 is slightly higher. The optimization of the stabilizer ratio increases the number of active sites of the catalyst. The activities of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all lower than those of the Examples, indicating that the use of antidegradants, the preheating treatment of the carrier, and the addition of auxiliary agents play an important role in improving the activity of the catalyst.

[0130] The stability of Examples 1, 2, and 3 is good, indicating that the catalyst can maintain a high activity during a long reaction. The stability of Comparative Example 1 is poor because the catalyst structure is easily destroyed due to the lack of an antidegradant. The stability of Comparative Example 2 is also poor because the carrier preheating temperature is insufficient, resulting in insufficient tightness between the carrier and the precious metal. The stability of Comparative Example 3 is the worst, indicating that the addition of an auxiliary agent plays an important role in improving the stability of the catalyst.

[0131] The selectivity of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all high, among which Example 3 has the highest selectivity, which may be because the optimization of stabilizers and auxiliary agents improves the selectivity of the catalyst for the target product. The selectivity of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all lower than that of the examples, indicating that the use of antidegradants, preheating treatment of the carrier, and the addition of auxiliary agents play an important role in improving the selectivity of the catalyst.

[0132] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catalyst for hydrogen purification in a new energy fuel cell, characterized in that: The quality scores include: Active agent 30-65%, carrier 10-20%, stabilizer 7-35%, auxiliary agent 5-20%; The active agent is loaded on the carrier and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a carrier loaded with a precious metal; The carrier loaded with the noble metal is impregnated and dried with a stabilizer and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a catalyst precursor; The catalyst precursor is heat treated and an auxiliary agent is added to obtain a catalyst.

2. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of mass fraction, the active agent includes: Chloroplatinic acid 40-70%, palladium chloride 20-60%; According to the mass fraction, chloroplatinic acid and palladium chloride are dissolved in deionized water respectively to obtain a well-dissolved platinum source solution and a palladium source solution.

3. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carrier is alumina; Placing the alumina carrier powder in a heat treatment device for preheating to obtain preheated alumina carrier powder, wherein the preheating temperature is between 100 and 200° C. and the preheating time is between 30 minutes and 1 hour; After the preheating is completed, the temperature is gradually increased to the final heat treatment temperature to obtain the heat-treated alumina carrier powder, wherein the final heat treatment temperature is between 600-1200° C. and the time is 1-4 hours; After the heat treatment is completed, the heat-treated alumina carrier powder is slowly cooled to room temperature, and is ground and sieved to remove particles that do not meet the requirements to obtain alumina powder particles that meet the requirements, thereby obtaining a pretreated alumina carrier.

4. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for preparing the carrier loaded with precious metals is as follows: The pretreated alumina carrier is placed in a container, and the dissolved platinum source solution and palladium source solution are slowly dripped onto the pretreated alumina carrier and an auxiliary agent is added, and the alumina carrier is stirred or shaken at the same time to obtain an alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution; Adding hydrogen to the alumina carrier impregnated with the platinum source solution and the palladium source solution to perform a reduction reaction to obtain an alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles; After the reduction reaction is completed, the alumina carrier loaded with platinum and palladium metal particles is washed with deionized water to remove unreacted platinum source, palladium source and reducing agent. During the washing process, the washing liquid is replaced several times until the washing liquid is clear to obtain a carrier loaded with precious metals.

5. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, the stabilizer includes: 25-60% cerium oxide, 5-30% yttrium, 5-30% lanthanum zirconate, 1-3% binder, and 5-30% anti-degradant; The cerium oxide, yttrium and lanthanum zirconate are all powders; The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, the anti-degradation agent comprises: 60-80% niobium pentoxide and 20-40% silicon carbide; The niobium pentoxide and silicon carbide are both powders; Niobium pentoxide and silicon carbide powder are added into deionized water and stirred to obtain a niobium source-silicon carbide suspension, namely, an antidegradant solution.

7. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of a new energy fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the stabilizer is: Slowly adding cerium oxide, yttrium, and lanthanum zirconate powders into deionized water and stirring to obtain a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent; Adding polyvinyl alcohol to a mixture of stabilizer powder and solvent, and stirring to obtain a first stabilizer solution; The antidegradant solution is added to the first stabilizer solution to obtain a stabilizer solution.

8. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of the new energy fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: Calculated by mass fraction, the auxiliary agent includes: 20-50% niobium tungstate and 50-80% graphite.

9. The catalyst for hydrogen purification of the new energy fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the catalyst precursor is: Immersing the precious metal-loaded carrier in a stabilizer solution for 5-10 hours and adding an auxiliary agent to obtain an impregnated carrier; The impregnated carrier is dried at a temperature between 50° C. and 200° C. to obtain a catalyst precursor.

10. The catalyst for purifying hydrogen in a new energy fuel cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preparation method of the catalyst is: The catalyst precursor is uniformly loaded into the heating area of ​​the heat treatment equipment for heating and adding auxiliary agents, wherein the sintering temperature is set to 800°C, the heating rate is 5°C / min, the cooling rate is 3°C / min, and the heat treatment time is 10 hours; During the heating process, an inert gas is added, wherein the inert gas is nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 50 L / h, and the purity is 99.999%; After the heat treatment is completed, the catalyst is naturally cooled to room temperature or close to room temperature in the heat treatment equipment and taken out to obtain the catalyst.

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